CN1693139A - Dish type aircraft and its application - Google Patents
Dish type aircraft and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN1693139A CN1693139A CN 200410034992 CN200410034992A CN1693139A CN 1693139 A CN1693139 A CN 1693139A CN 200410034992 CN200410034992 CN 200410034992 CN 200410034992 A CN200410034992 A CN 200410034992A CN 1693139 A CN1693139 A CN 1693139A
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- saucer
- air vehicle
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- propeller
- propelling unit
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Abstract
A dish-shaped airplane able to vertical take off and land is composed of an improved end-blade pilotted propulsion, two or more primary regulating regions arranged at left and right of advancing direction, main cabin, etc. Said end blades are perpendicular to its advancing direction.
Description
A kind of saucer-like air vehicle and application thereof belong to a kind of vertically taking off and landing flyer and application thereof of novel axial flow drive-in.Simultaneously, also be improvement again and application thereof to " end-vane guided propeller " and " a kind of improved end-vane guided propeller ".
One, the present situation of original technology
The aircraft of vertical takeoff and landing mainly contains two types of jet-propelled vertical takeoff and landing and rotary wind type vertical takeoff and landing.The aircraft of jet-propelled vertical takeoff and landing mainly with vertically/the military opportunity of combat of short take-off and landing is representative, has adopted the propelling unit of two and above combustion jet and axial flow mixed type; The aircraft of rotary wind type vertical takeoff and landing mainly is representative with the helicopter, and its rotor belongs to the lift propelling unit of axial flow type.Because the axial thrust that the axial flow propelling unit needs except the generation people when working, also can produce a rotational component, this just needs two or more propelling units just can make it normal operation concerning the aircraft of vertical takeoff and landing, for example: the rotational component that common single-rotor helicopter needs a tail slurry to come the balance rotor to produce; The Zhi Ruogan helicopter of the U.S. and K formula helicopter then need cancel out each other each other rotational component of two rotors; The card of the Russia and former Soviet Union series helicopter then utilizes coaxial and mutually despun two rotors (propelling unit) are offset mutual rotational component.Even if current more advanced no tail slurry helicopter also be by one the tail boom end side to air nozzle ejection and the reciprocal gas of rotor rotational component come the rotational component of balance rotor, this spout also is a propelling unit.Two or more angle of rake vertically taking off and landing flyer of this class are very high in the requirement of aspects such as manufacturing, maintenance and control, and manufacturing cost and over-the-road expense are also very high.Simultaneously, when placing the rotor high speed revolution on top to produce lift owing to it, have a big chunk masterpiece to be used for its fuselage, therefore bigger loss of lift is arranged, its aerodynamic configu ration layout is very unreasonable, so efficient is not high.The rotor of external exposed high speed revolution is with tail slurry and be vulnerable to damage and jeopardize the safety of self and peripheral personnel's safety (relevant statistics report: the aviation accident of helicopter 80% is because rotor and tail slurry or the abnormal condition relevant with rotor and tail slurry, as: rotor or tail slurry bump to be hung object and cause).
In view of have many weak points that the axial flow propelling unit is used now on vertically taking off and landing flyer, many people propose the scheme of many improvement and optimization, and wherein the application for a patent for invention case (following general designation end-vane guided propeller) of No. 92101362.0 application for a patent for invention case of Patent Office of the People's Republic of China of " end-vane guided propeller and application thereof " by name and Patent Office of the People's Republic of China No. 02124633.5 " a kind of improved end-vane guided propeller " by name has feasibility preferably.But these two patent application cases have proposed to make the feasible program of single propelling unit vertically taking off and landing flyer, also open innovative ideas, but but the design of these two patent applications still there are improvements in the design that is applied to saucer-like air vehicle for the design of saucer-like air vehicle.
The structure of end-vane guided propeller as shown in Figure 1, the layout of its guide end leaf as shown in Figure 2, it is made up of an axial flow propelling unit (1-1) and adjustable guide end leaf and regulating mechanism (1-2) thereof.
Shown in Figure 1 is a kind of outer power turbine fan end blade guiding propeller (block diagram).For the ease of expressing, omitted the scalable guide front end leaf and the preceding directing vane of fluid upstream end among the figure.
Fig. 2 is the layout signal of the guide end leaf subregion of several combinations of end-vane guided propeller.
From the guide end leaf zoning of Fig. 2 as can be seen: the aircraft that adopts this end-vane guided propeller is need be to propelling unit when radially the orientation of (horizontal direction) is advanced, because each thrust subregion can not be made thrust vectoring the harmonious of equidirectional, at this moment its dynamic efficiency is not high.So still have weak point when end-vane guided propeller is applied to saucer-like air vehicle.
Two, the purpose of improvement and main points
End-vane guided propeller needs improvements as the propelling unit of saucer-like air vehicle, mainly is on the layout of scalable guide end leaf.Purpose of the present invention is exactly further to optimize the layout of the scalable guide end leaf of end-vane guided propeller, and end-vane guided propeller can be applied on the saucer-like air vehicle better, and proposes the concrete scheme of saucer-like air vehicle design-calculated.
The main points that the present invention optimizes end-vane guided propeller scalable guide end leaf layout are characteristics and the requirements that are applied to saucer-like air vehicle at end-vane guided propeller, and the scalable guide end leaf of end-vane guided propeller is divided into two or more main regulating areas (as FR among Fig. 3 and FL) and several auxiliary adjustment districts; Perhaps the axial outermost end at end-vane guided propeller increases two or more main regulating areas, as FR among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 and FL.The advancing, retreat and turn to and rotate of main regulating area major control saucer-like air vehicle wherein; Major control saucer-like air vehicle in auxiliary adjustment district is in the balance in vertical takeoff and landing stage and turn to and rotate.Its main points are that two main regulating areas are arranged in the right and left of saucer-like air vehicle direct of travel, the guide end leaf (1-2-1f) in the main regulating area and (1-2-2f) be to be axially perpendicular to saucer-like air vehicle direct of travel layout.Dynamic efficiency when saucer-like air vehicle is advanced as level is the highest.
The scalable guide end leaf (1-2-1f) that increases newly in this improvement project and (1-2-2f) main regulating area FR, FL such as Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5 of layout.(1-2-1f) among the figure is the guide front end leaf that increases newly; Be (tail) end leaf after the guiding that increases newly (1-2-2f), they become left main regulating area FL and right main regulating area FR at the angle of rake fluid upstream end of saucer-like air vehicle respectively with fluid outflow end layout.
Three, principle of work
End-vane guided propeller itself is equivalent to the angle of rake two ends rotor (1-1-2) up and down of coaxial three rotor fixing, and regulates angle of rake rotational component by adjustable end leaf (1-2-1) and being flapped toward (1-2-2); Or reach by the thrust vectoring that the adjustable end leaf (1-2-1a, b, c) among subregion Fa, Fb and the Fc and (1-2-2a, b, c) accurately regulate each subregion and to regulate the purpose that propelling unit total thrust vector meets the aircraft operating needs.
The present invention in end-vane guided propeller, increased some perpendicular to the scalable guide end leaf (1-2-1f) of aircraft horizontal motion direction and (1-2-2f), and with its fluid upstream end of saucer-like air vehicle and fluid outflow end all layout become cooresponding left FL and two main regulating areas of right FR (also can be as required, only an end layout main regulating area therein).When propelling unit was worked, fluid entered from the front end (top) of main regulating area end leaf (1-2-1f), and the tail end (bottom) from (1-2-2f) flows out then.At this moment, (1-2-1f) just determine the effect of sense of motion and each parts of end-vane guided propeller of saucer-like air vehicle with pivot angle (1-2-2f):
1, when the saucer-like air vehicle vertical takeoff and landing or hover over when aerial, place interior scalable guide end leaf (1-2-1f) of propelling unit two ends main regulating area and state (1-2-2f) Bd as Fig. 8, the thrust vectoring of each subregion will be accurately regulated in being flapped toward with pivot angle of the guide end leaf (1-2-1a, b, c) of directing vane (1-1-2) outer end and (1-2-2a, b, c), the balance of coordinated flight device and turning to.
2, when saucer-like air vehicle needs level to advance, as Figure 10, the outer arrow F of aircraft represents its direct of travel, lean forward in the upper end of whole adjustable guide front end leaves (1-2-1f) and adjustable guiding caudal lobe (1-2-2f) (fluid upstream end), go into fluid and produce " suction " opposite in the front suction of adjustable guide front end leaf (1-2-1f) like this with the fluid inflow direction, produce in the back of adjustable guiding caudal lobe (1-2-2f) one with the identical thrust of fluid release direction, aircraft is moved ahead to the F direction.Simultaneously, being somebody's turn to do " suction " and thrust has a downward component to support the lift of aircraft.
3, in horizontal traveling process, need to turn to when saucer-like air vehicle, can realize as long as regulate the angle of the scalable end leaf of one of them main regulating area; That is: inconsistent when two main regulating area guide end leaf angles, aircraft just turns to.
4, when the horizontal high-speed motion of saucer-like air vehicle needs, then the position of whole scalable end leaves of main regulating area can be in the state of Bc among Fig. 8, and like this, end-vane guided propeller is the wing shape, under the promotion of horizontal propeller (2-8), aircraft can high-speed motion (as A, the B of Figure 11).
5, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, when saucer-like air vehicle is advanced in the horizontal direction, adjust its balance and flight attitude by the edge wing (2-7) of aircraft.
Like this, end-vane guided propeller has solved single angle of rake vertically taking off and landing flyer aerodynamic configu ration layout's problem and the balance of aircraft when hovering preferably and has turned to problem; The present invention has then solved the dynamic efficiency problem of such aircraft when advancing.
Four, the structure of saucer-like air vehicle and application case thereof
The present invention can be applied to the disc-shaped flying craft (flying saucer) of energy vertical takeoff and landing and aircraft and the model and the toy of distortion thereof, and the water surface and under water dwell running gear and model and toy more, also can be as other associated uses.
Fig. 6 is an improved again schematic perspective view that is specifically applied to the outer power turbine fan end blade guiding propeller structure of saucer-like air vehicle.Equally, for the ease of expressing, omitted the directing vane and the scalable guide end leaf of front end (fluid upstream end) among the figure.Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view of main regulating area end leaf link gear.Fig. 8 is several end leaf state of main regulating area figure.Fig. 9 ~ 13 are respectively the application case scheme drawings of saucer-like air vehicle.Wherein:
Fig. 9 is a kind of structural representation of simple and easy saucer-like air vehicle.This incomplete structure the main regulating area and the adjustable end leaf (1-2-1f) thereof on aircraft top, this aircraft is with motor or combustion engine (1-1-5) power, drive fan (1-1-3) rotation by gear mesh (1-1-7), the air-flow that sucks and release is after the directing vane rectification, guiding according to the adjustable end leaf of main regulating area (1-2-2f), produce thrust, promote aircraft and do landing, level motion such as advance.The mechanics of toy flying saucer or flying saucer model can be with reference to this structure, but center of gravity and balance need match.
Figure 10 is a representative type saucer-like air vehicle.It is equivalent to angle of rake main shaft hollow and expands cooresponding size to, and cabin (2-3) is arranged on the inside of this very big hollow shaft, and substitutes the propelling unit fairing with the cabin.Function cabins such as passenger room, driving compartment, piggyback pod have been comprised in the cabin; Its top can be provided with the umbrella cabin, has huge parachute and uses for the aircraft forced landing; The bottom, cabin is provided with wheel and uses at hangar, hardstand (airport) ground run for aircraft.The outer rim of aircraft is provided with the edge wing (2-7), and balance and flight attitude are used in the aircraft level is advanced space-time.Also this structure can be regarded as lift propelling unit (end is led propelling unit) places on the cross-sectional plane in flying saucer cabin.
Figure 11 is two kinds of distortion of saucer-like air vehicle, and it is the combination of aircraft in flying saucer, can do high-speed flight in the horizontal direction, can become truly " autogyro ".The power of horizontal propeller among the B figure (2-8) can be used as the power (1-1-5) of vertical lift propelling unit (end-vane guided propeller).
Figure 12 is a flying saucer and the combining of annular balloon (or dirigible), and (2-13) is annular air-pocket, and its inside is filled with light gas.This flying saucer has bigger load-carrying ability and longer hang time, is particularly suitable for aerial photography, detects and purposes such as monitoring of supervision, city traffic and commander in the air.When the lift of annular air-pocket surpasses the saucer-like air vehicle quality, can be by the positive and negative lifting that transfers the adjusting saucer-like air vehicle of control fan (1-1-3).
Figure 13 is the design in a kind of aerial base (Air fortress).It can be used as aerial airport and aerial rocketdrome, to avoid the influence of ground rough weather to rocket launching, can also improve the load of rocket.The development of nuclear power plant can make this design become a reality.
Saucer-like air vehicle and distortion thereof, but be the more reasonably aircraft of vertical takeoff and landing of aerodynamic configu ration layout.It can also be as the device of sub aqua sport, just can be vertically descending when propelling unit fan (rotor or propeller) reverses in water, on the contrary then vertically up; Along with the adjustment of adjustable guide end leaf also can freely be advanced in water.
Five, description of drawings
1, among each figure: (1) is end-vane guided propeller, (1-1) is support and parts thereof, (1-2) is scalable end leaf and parts thereof.Wherein:
(1-1-1) be the support culvert pipe, (1-1-2) be directing vane, (1-1-3) be fan (turbofan), (1-1-4) be fairing, (1-1-5) be driving engine (combustion engine or electrical motor), (1-1-6) being fan (turbofan) transmission shaft, is that transmission gear is right (1-1-7), (1-1-9) is headstock (battery or fuel tank).
(1-2-1) being scalable guide front end leaf, (1-2-2) is scalable guiding caudal lobe, (1-2-3) is adjustable guide end rachis.(1-2-4) be the connecting rod and the crank of guide end rachis interlock; (1-2-1a, b, c) is respectively the scalable guide front end leaf of Fa, Fb and Fc subregion, (1-2-2a, b, c) is respectively the scalable guiding caudal lobe of Fa, Fb and Fc subregion, (1-2-3a, b, c) is respectively the adjustable guide end rachis of Fa, Fb and Fc subregion, and (1-2-4 a, b, c) is respectively the connecting rod and the crank of the guide end rachis interlock of Fa, Fb and Fc subregion; (1-2-1f) be the scalable guide front end leaf of main regulation subregion respectively, (1-2-2f) be the scalable guiding caudal lobe of main regulation subregion respectively, (1-2-3f) being the adjustable guide end rachis of main regulation subregion respectively, (1-2-4f) is respectively the connecting rod and the crank of the guide end rachis interlock of main regulation subregion.
2, among each figure: (2) are the cabin and the devices thereof of flying saucer and flying saucer distortion, and wherein: (2-1) being main engine room, (2-2) is porthole, (2-3) be the function cabin, (2-4) being driving compartment, (2-5) is wheel, (2-6) is the umbrella cabin, (2-7) be the edge wing, (2-8) being horizontal propeller, (2-9) is airflight platform and rocket launching pad, (2-10) is rocket pod, (2-11) be the airflight platform support, (2-12) be wing.
3, among each figure: A, B, C are respectively the branch figure numbers of each figure, f is the air motion direction, fa is the fan travel direction, F is the flying saucer direct of travel, and Fa, Fb and Fc are the numberings of thrust subregion, and FL and FR are respectively left and right sides main regulating areas, Fj is the code name of aircraft, Hj is the code name of rocket, and M is the propelling unit focus point, and I and II are the partial enlarged drawing labels.
Shown in Figure 1 is a kind of outer power turbine fan end blade guiding propeller (block diagram).
Fig. 2 is the layout signal of the guide end leaf subregion of several combinations of end-vane guided propeller.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are the layout signals of the guide end leaf subregion of several combinations of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the schematic perspective view of outer power turbine fan end blade guiding propeller structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view of main regulating area end leaf link gear of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is several end leaf state of main regulating area figure.
Fig. 9 is a kind of structural representation of simple and easy saucer-like air vehicle.
Figure 10 is a representative type saucer-like air vehicle.
Figure 11 is two kinds of distortion of saucer-like air vehicle, and it is the combination of aircraft in flying saucer.
Figure 12 is a flying saucer and the scheme drawing that combines of annular balloon (or dirigible)
Figure 13 is the rendering in a kind of aerial base (Air fortress).
Only be case of the present invention below, be not limited to this.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of saucer-like air vehicle is made up of propelling unit (1) and cabin (2) and parts thereof.
2, saucer-like air vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: propelling unit be increased at end-vane guided propeller or a kind of improved end-vane guided propeller two ends some perpendicular to the scalable guide end leaf (1-2-1f) of aircraft horizontal motion direction and (1-2-2f), and with its fluid upstream end of saucer-like air vehicle and fluid outflow end all layout become cooresponding left FL and two main regulating areas of right FR, also can be as required, an end layout main regulating area therein only.
3, saucer-like air vehicle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: its main regulating area by perpendicular to the end-vane guided propeller (1-2-1f) of aircraft direct of travel layout and (1-2-2f) or one of them, and the connecting rod of cooresponding adjustable guide end rachis (1-2-3f) and guide end rachis interlock and crank (1-2-4f) are formed.
4, saucer-like air vehicle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: its cabin of representative type saucer-like air vehicle is arranged in the main shaft of propelling unit hollow, but its model and simulated toy can make an exception.
5, saucer-like air vehicle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: when aircraft is advanced in the horizontal direction, adjust its balance and flight attitude by the edge wing (2-7) of aircraft.
6, saucer-like air vehicle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: it can combine with common parts such as aircraft cabin and form the aircraft of high-speed motion in the horizontal direction.
7, saucer-like air vehicle as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: it can manufacture the aircraft with bigger load-carrying ability and longer hang time with combining of annular balloon (air bag or dirigible); When the lift of annular balloon surpasses the saucer-like air vehicle quality, can be by the positive and negative lifting that transfers the adjusting saucer-like air vehicle of control fan (1-1-3).
8, saucer-like air vehicle as claimed in claim 4, can be applied to the disc-shaped flying craft (flying saucer) of energy vertical takeoff and landing and aircraft and the model and the toy of distortion on its basis, and the water surface and under water dwell running gear and model and toy, also can be used as other associated uses. more
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410034992 CN1693139A (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2004-05-06 | Dish type aircraft and its application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410034992 CN1693139A (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2004-05-06 | Dish type aircraft and its application |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1693139A true CN1693139A (en) | 2005-11-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410034992 Pending CN1693139A (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2004-05-06 | Dish type aircraft and its application |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014026574A1 (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2014-02-20 | Chai Guijing | Flight control device for double-spiral saucer-shaped aircraft |
| CN103752020A (en) * | 2014-02-08 | 2014-04-30 | 吴士明 | Disc type flying toy |
| CN105620751A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2016-06-01 | 吴锜 | Saucer type vertical lifting type flight device |
| CN110615088A (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-27 | 极光飞行科学公司 | Propeller, aircraft comprising a propeller and method of directing a fluid flow in a propeller |
-
2004
- 2004-05-06 CN CN 200410034992 patent/CN1693139A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014026574A1 (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2014-02-20 | Chai Guijing | Flight control device for double-spiral saucer-shaped aircraft |
| CN103752020A (en) * | 2014-02-08 | 2014-04-30 | 吴士明 | Disc type flying toy |
| CN105620751A (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2016-06-01 | 吴锜 | Saucer type vertical lifting type flight device |
| CN110615088A (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-27 | 极光飞行科学公司 | Propeller, aircraft comprising a propeller and method of directing a fluid flow in a propeller |
| CN110615088B (en) * | 2018-06-18 | 2023-08-11 | 极光飞行科学公司 | Propeller, aircraft comprising a propeller and method for guiding a fluid flow in a propeller |
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