CN1688874A - Method and device for monitoring status of mechanical equipment and abnormality diagnosing device - Google Patents
Method and device for monitoring status of mechanical equipment and abnormality diagnosing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1688874A CN1688874A CN 03824452 CN03824452A CN1688874A CN 1688874 A CN1688874 A CN 1688874A CN 03824452 CN03824452 CN 03824452 CN 03824452 A CN03824452 A CN 03824452A CN 1688874 A CN1688874 A CN 1688874A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- diagnosis
- abnormality
- signal
- bearing
- plant equipment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
An abnormality-diagnosing device is used to diagnose if a bearing device used on the axle of a railway vehicle is normal. The abnormality-diagnosing device comprises a detection processing part, an operation processing part, a result output part and a control processing part, wherein, the detection processing part outputs the signal generated by the bearing device, which is regarded as an electric signal, the operation processing part conducts an abnormality diagnosis on the bearing device according to the output of the detection processing part, the result output part outputs the judgement result of the operation processing part, and according to the judgement result, the control processing part returns a control signal to the control system of the railway vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to state monitoring method and the device and the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of plant equipment, in more detail, relate to and in the plant equipment of rolling stock equipment, work mechanism, windmill, reductor, motor etc. of at least one, do not take state monitoring method and device and the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality that plant equipment monitors the plant equipment of state such as unusual apart with rotary bodies such as being similar to rolling bearing, sliding bearing, ball-screw, line slideway, linear ball bearing and slide unit.
Background technology
In the past, for plant equipment such as rail truck equipment, work mechanism and windmills, needed regularly to implement to tear open the machine visual examination to prevent because of the abrasion of rotary body and slide unit or the generation of the damaged abnormal conditions that causes.This is torn the machine visual examination open and is meant: after device has used the regular period, tear machine open from plant equipment and take off rotary body and slide unit, then, confirmed the wear intensity of each component parts and have or not breakage etc. by visual by skilled professional supervisory personnel.As the major defect of finding on inspection, for the situation of bearing arrangement have because of the foreign matter of nipping etc. produce impression, because of peeling off that rolling contact fatigue produces, and other wear and tear etc.In addition, for the situation of gear the breakage of tooth portion and abrasion etc. are arranged.If concavo-convex and the abrasion that supervisory personnel check out does not have on the rotary body of new product and slipper etc. are unusual, then after changing new product, (NSK Ltd.'s distribution catalogue " rolling bearing ") (with reference to CAT.No.1101e B340 page or leaf～B351 page or leaf) is installed again.
Yet, take apart above-mentioned plant equipment whole and by personnel by the visual method of checking in, take off tearing machine operation open and the assembling operation that the rotary body that checks out and slide unit are installed on the plant equipment again need being spent a large amount of work of rotary body and slide unit from plant equipment, thereby the problem of funds is safeguarded in the maintenance management etc. that causes increasing considerably plant equipment.
Particularly, in the majority for the situation of windmill with situation about using in the military, and its that platform number is set is also a lot.Have following present situation when carrying out the maintenance care of this windmill: the maintenance management personnel need rush towards the inspection that the rotary part of this windmill is carried out at the position that is provided with of windmill.Therefore, there is following problems: cost plenty of time and funds in maintenance management, and maintenance efficiency is undesirable.In addition, after tearing machine check open again during mounter equipment, before on rotary body or slide unit, checking the non-existent trace etc. beaten might stay, these all might become the reason that produces rotary body and slide unit defective owing to inspection itself.In addition, because be in finite time, to check a plurality of bearings, so also have the remaining problem that falls the possibility of defective by visual.And there is the situation that varies with each individual the parts that in fact do not have defective are also changed in the judgement of this defect level, thereby causes waste.
In addition, in order to eliminate the unfavorable condition that causes because of visual examination like this, the sound that produces when being used to detect the bearing rotation and the sensor of vibration are installed in research on the car body of the vehicle that uses bearing, it is unusual to detect the abrasion of bearing and breakage etc. according to the detection signal of its sensor.
But, also have following problems for the situation of sensor installation in car body: owing to separate between bearing and the sensor distance is arranged,, detect and judge thereby be difficult to high precision so the SN of the detection signal of sensor worsens than (signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)).
In addition, as the existing bearing device, for the bearing arrangement with sensor module 1100 shown in Figure 50, form component holes 1103 on the outer surface of the foreign steamer 1102 of rolling bearing 1101, insertion is fixed with the assembly 1104 of built-in speed pickup, temperature sensor and acceleration transducer to component holes 1103 in.Then, the detection signal that produces of each sensor in the assembly 1104 by communication channel be transferred in the locomotive that tractive is provided with the lorry of rolling bearing 1101 or passenger vehicle away from processing unit.
For speed, detect the instantaneous velocity of driving process according to the pulse of swivel wheel generation, the speed of its speed with other bearings of moving under similarity condition is compared by coming like this, the keeping records of the complete period resume of record is arranged by the bearing pack zoarium.For temperature, undertaken comparing with the temperature of other bearings that under similarity condition, move by simple horizontal detection.For vibration, the simple RMS that carries out the energy level of specific time interval measures, its energy level and the existing energy level that is stored in the processing unit are compared, compare (for example, with reference to special table 2001-500597 communique (10-16 page or leaf, the 1st figure)) with the energy level of other bearings that under similarity condition, move.
In addition, other structure example as bearing arrangement, abnormal detector 1110 for the roller bearing unit shown in Figure 51, on the end portion of the foreign steamer 1112 of multiple row taper roll bearing 1111, form sensor mounting hole 1113, (for example in sensor mounting hole 1113, insert sensor unit 1117 that supporting has rotation speed sensor 1114, temperature sensor 1115 and acceleration transducer 1116, open 2002-295464 communique (4-5 page or leaf, the 1st figure) with reference to the spy).
And, other structure example as bearing arrangement, subsidiary sensor rotating bearing component 1120 shown in Figure 52, on the end portion of the foreign steamer 1122 of multiple row taper roll bearing 1121, form sensor mounting hole 1123, (for example in sensor mounting hole 1123, insert sensor unit 1126 that supporting has rotation speed sensor 1124 and humidity sensor 1125, open 2002-292928 communique (4-5 page or leaf, the 1st figure) with reference to the spy).
In addition, as other structure example, the bearing abnormal detector 1130 shown in Figure 53 comprises: the mechanical vibration of bearing 1131 are transformed into the automatic gain control amplifier 1133 of output of pick up apparatus 1132, amplification pick up apparatus 1132 of electric vibration and output and the bandpass filter 1134 of removing 1～15kHz of the interference that is produced by drive system or other mechanical systems from the output of amplifier 1133.In addition, has following structure, comprise: the virtual value arithmetical unit 1135 that the virtual value of the output of bandpass filter 1134 is carried out computing and supplies with to the gain control element of automatic gain control amplifier 1133, the envelope circuit 1136 of the output of input tape bandpass filter 1134, the virtual value arithmetical unit 1137 of the output of input envelope circuit 1136, and the output of input virtual value arithmetical unit 1137 and export the circuit for alarming 1138 that give the alarm by lamp or contact in its value during above setting and (for example, open flat 2-205727 communique (2-3 page or leaf with reference to the spy, Fig. 1)).
In addition, as other structure example, for shown in Figure 54 the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1140 of rolling bearing, it has and comprises near the structure that is configured in loudspeaker 1142, amplifier 1143, e-machine 1144, loudspeaker 1145 and monitor 1146 rolling bearing 1141.E-machine 1144 is arithmetic processing apparatus, comprise: as the transducer 1147 of converter section, as the HDD1148 of recording portion, as the abnormity diagnosis portion 1149 and the analog-converted efferent 1150 (for example, opening 2000-146762 communique (4-6 page or leaf, Fig. 1)) of arithmetic processing section with reference to the spy.
In addition, as other structure example, abnormality diagnostic method and apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1160 for the bearing shown in Figure 55, the electric signal waveform of sensor 1161 outputs is by analog-digital converter 1162 digitizings, and be sent to waveform processing portion 1163, carry out the envelope processing and obtain envelope frequency spectrum in waveform processing portion 1163.In addition, for waveform processing portion 1163, in extraction process be the bearing component parts specific frequency content, interior wheel damage composition, foreign steamer damage composition, rotor damage composition use the formula of regulation to extract from envelope frequency spectrum.Carry out calculation step at operational part 1164, compare step at judging part 1165, from output circuit 1166 output judged results, notify the supervisory personnel (for example, opening 2001-021453 communique (5-6 page or leaf, Fig. 1)) with reference to the spy by loudspeaker 1167 or monitor 1168.
Yet, open the structure that 2001-500597, spy open the bearing arrangement that 2002-295464, spy open among the 2002-292928 to be put down in writing for the spy, for sensor is set the hole of usefulness is installed on foreign steamer, comprise the foreign steamer that the hole is not set and porose foreign steamer is set, constitute the of a great variety of bearing foreign steamer.Therefore, assembly defect etc. might take place, simultaneously can the expensive time on component management.In addition, also might cause the problem of bearing inner sealing.
In addition, open the structure that flat 2-205727, spy open the bearing arrangement that 2000-146762, spy open among the 2001-021453 to be put down in writing for the spy, not only disclose the countermeasure that vibration interference is arranged, when bearing is used for the axletree supporting of rail truck, the big impact that is produced might be judged into abnormal signal when passing through the seam of railway, thereby bring very big influence can for unusual judgement.
In addition, in order to remove the unfavorable condition that causes by tearing machine check or visual examination open, proposed to use the sensor that comprises sound that detection produces and vibration when bearing rotates and by the detection signal of analyzing this sensor judge have N/R signal conditioning package, as the surveillance (for example, opening the 2002-71519 communique) of the PC of described signal conditioning package with reference to the spy.
Yet, for the PC in this existing surveillance as signal conditioning package, the structure of master board normally being installed in general cabinet and receiving the interface of described sensor output exists that the signal conditioning package needs are bigger to be provided with more weak problems such as the space vibrates simultaneously.
Therefore, for the vibration that do not influence bearing arrangement etc. and the space that is provided with that need on positions to a certain degree such as distance axis bearing apparatus, guarantee PC.In addition, so this surveillance is owing to can cause size to maximize to be difficult to and guarantee very greatly when plant equipment situation such as space is set, can produce the not good problem of practicality.
In addition, for the reduction of the SN ratio of the detection signal that prevents sensor, preferably as much as possible sensor is installed in the bearing arrangement structure member originally on one's body.But for ability and large-scale PC such as anti-external vibrations, having to is bearing arrangement etc. away from vibration generation source as much as possible.Its result, sensor and PC are left more than the predetermined distance, might produce problems such as accuracy of detection reduction because of the influence with respect to the external disturbance of the information transfer path between sensor and the PC.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the above problems, its purpose is to provide a kind of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of high accuracy mechanical equipment, can not need to take apart the very loaded down with trivial details device of the machine of tearing open as plant equipment such as rail truck equipment, work mechanism and windmill, common user mode judge have no abnormal, thereby can reduce the maintenance and management expense and wait influence without interruption.
The present invention is realized by following structure
(1). a kind of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, the axletree of its diagnosis rail truck has no abnormal with bearing arrangement, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The signal that will produce from described bearing arrangement is as the detection handling part of electric signal output,
Output according to described detection handling part is carried out abnormality diagnostic arithmetic processing section to described bearing arrangement,
Export the efferent as a result of the judged result of described arithmetic processing section, and
According to the control and treatment portion of described judged result to the control system feedback control signal of described rail truck.
(2)., it is characterized in that described arithmetic processing section comprises as (1) described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality:
Storage is from the described electric signal of described detection handling part, and accumulates dispenser according to the data that the kind of described signal is distributed to suitable distribution channels;
Calculate analysis portion according to accumulate electric signal that dispenser distributes from described data about the regulation physical quantity of described bearing arrangement;
Preserve the first data preservation portion of the bearing arrangement data of relevant described bearing arrangement;
Analysis result to described analysis portion compares with reference to the abnormality diagnostic relatively judgment part of carrying out described bearing arrangement with the described bearing arrangement data that are kept in the described first data preservation portion; And
Preserve the analysis result and the described relatively second data preservation portion of judgment result of described analysis portion.
(3). as (2) described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that,
Described analysis portion comprises: removes the interference component of the electric signal that transmits from described arithmetic processing section or extracts the go forward side by side Filtering Processing portion of line output of specific frequency content, and
The frequency analysis portion that signal from the output of described Filtering Processing portion is carried out frequency analysis; Wherein,
Described relatively judging part comes described bearing arrangement is carried out abnormity diagnosis according to the frequency analysis result of described frequency analysis portion.
(4)., it is characterized in that described analysis portion has the temperature analysis portion of calculating described bearing arrangement temperature according to the signal of accumulating dispenser output from described data as (2) or (3) described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality,
Described relatively judging part comes described bearing arrangement is carried out abnormity diagnosis according to the described temperature that described temperature analysis portion calculates.
(5). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (2) to (4), it is characterized in that,
Described analysis portion has the pivot analysis portion of calculating the rotational speed of described bearing arrangement according to the signal of accumulating dispenser output from described data,
Described relatively judging part carries out abnormity diagnosis according to the described rotational speed that described pivot analysis portion calculates to described bearing arrangement.
(6). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (5), it is characterized in that,
The data that the corresponding described abnormity diagnosis result of described arithmetic processing section will be stored in the described second data preservation portion in are exported to described control and treatment portion.
(7). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (6), it is characterized in that,
Described Filtering Processing portion only extracts the following frequency content of 1kHz.
(8). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (7), it is characterized in that,
The detecting element of described detection handling part is configured on the load circle as the stationary part of described bearing arrangement.
(9). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (8), it is characterized in that,
Described data are accumulated dispenser does not contain electric signal from the interference component more than the prescribed level to described analysis portion output.
(10). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (9), it is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part by will by the frequency that causes unusually with and High-frequency water is flat relatively comes described bearing arrangement is carried out abnormity diagnosis with reference value.
(11). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (10), it is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part, when the unusual frequency of correspondence with and at least one of high-frequency peak value be judged as when bigger unusual than specified reference value.
(12). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (11), it is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part according to the unusual frequency of expression with and high-frequency peak value infer the degree of injury of described bearing arrangement.
(13). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (12), it is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part carries out abnormality diagnostic judgement by relatively representing unusual frequency and its high-frequency level.
(14). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (13), it is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part is according to the mean square value or local integral value (パ one シ ヤ Le オ one バ one オ one Le: the POA value) carry out abnormity diagnosis of the frequency band that contains the unusual frequency of expression.
(15). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (14), it is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part carries out abnormity diagnosis by frequency spectrum being carried out cepstrum (ケ プ ス ト ラ system) analysis.
(16). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (15), it is characterized in that,
Carry out the signal transmission at the cable that is situated between respectively between described detection handling part and the described calculation process and between described arithmetic processing section and the described control and treatment portion by having waterproof, grease proofing, dustproof, antirust, moisture-proof function and heat-resisting, anti-electricity, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI).
(17). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (15), it is characterized in that,
Have wireless communication machine respectively between described detection handling part and the described arithmetic processing section and between described arithmetic processing section and the described control and treatment portion, be situated between and carry out wireless signal transfer by described wireless communication machine.
(18). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (15), it is characterized in that,
Carry out the signal transmission by having waterproof, grease proofing, dustproof, antirust, moisture-proof function and cable heat-resisting, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) being situated between respectively between described detection handling part and the described calculation process and between described arithmetic processing section and the described control and treatment portion, perhaps being situated between is communicated by wireless communication machine.
(19). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (18), it is characterized in that,
Carry out abnormity diagnosis in real time.
(20). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (18), it is characterized in that,
Other times when being different from vehicle ' carry out abnormity diagnosis to the data that are stored in described data and accumulate in the dispenser.
(21). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (20), it is characterized in that,
Diagnose the bearing of described bearing arrangement to have no abnormal and produce the position unusually.
(22). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (20), it is characterized in that,
The planar portions of diagnosis wheel.
(23). any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (1) to (20), it is characterized in that,
Diagnose the gear of described bearing arrangement to have no abnormal and produce the position unusually.
(24). a kind of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality is the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality with plant equipment of rotary body, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Sensor unit with sensor in the component parts that is assembled in described rotary body, the physical quantity when detecting described rotary body spinning movement,
Analyze the output signal of described sensor unit and the reference data of analysis result and regulation compared and judge that described rotary body has N/R arithmetic processing section, and
Show the described analysis result of described arithmetic processing section and described arithmetic processing section judged result, and corresponding described judged result control the control and treatment portion of the action of described plant equipment.
(25). as (24) described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit comprises the output amplification parts of the described output signal of the described sensor of amplification.
(26). as (24) or (25) described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit comprises the wireless communication unit to the described output signal of the wireless transmission of described arithmetic processing section.
(27). as (26) described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section and control and treatment portion are located at the supervision of leaving described rotary body and use the base station.
(28). as (27) described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit is installed on the bearing of rail truck,
Described sensor unit is diagnosed the unusual of described bearing.
(29). a kind of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of machinery and equipment, the slide unit of its detection plant equipment or rotary body have no abnormal, it is characterized in that,
It comprises: have the sensor unit that one or more detects the detecting element of the signal that sends from described plant equipment; And
Judge that according to the output of described detecting element described plant equipment has the arithmetic processing section of N/R calculation process;
Described arithmetic processing section is made of microcomputer.
(30). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as the described plant equipment of right (29), it is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit pack into described slide unit or rotary body.
(31). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (30) described plant equipment, it is characterized in that,
Described microcomputer is installed in described rotary body or slide unit or supports on the mechanism components of described rotary body or slide unit.
(32). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (29) described plant equipment, it is characterized in that,
Described microcomputer and described sensor unit are carried on single equipment substrate, and adorn as single processing unit and attachedly to be installed in described rotary body or slide unit or to support on the mechanism components of described slide unit.
(33). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as any described plant equipment of (29) to (32), it is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section is incorporated in the single cabinet.
(34). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (33) described plant equipment, it is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit is configured in the described cabinet integratedly.
(35). as (29) apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that to any one described plant equipment of (34),
Described detecting element can detect at least more than one in temperature, vibration displacement, vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, power, strain, sound equipment, acoustic emission, ultrasound wave, the rotational speed.
(36). as (29) apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that to any one described plant equipment of (35),
Described arithmetic processing section comprises: central arithmetic processing apparatus, amplifier, analog/digital converter, wave filter, comparer, pulse adder, timer, interruptable controller, ROM, RAM, digital/analog converter, communication module and external interface.
(37). as (29) apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that to any one described plant equipment of (36),
Described arithmetic processing section can carry out the defective of the calculating of characteristic parameter, envelope detection, FFT, wave filter, small echo, short time FFT, rotary body of standard deviation and crest factor and the characteristic frequency that causes in calculating at least more than one processing and relatively judge.
(38). a kind of state monitoring method of plant equipment is at least one the state monitoring method of plant equipment with rotary body and slide unit, it is characterized in that,
Analyze the regulation physical quantity of this plant equipment according to the signal that produces from described plant equipment, in each very first time analysis result and the information that has N/R diagnosis benchmark to constitute by described plant equipment are compared contrast, it is no abnormal temporarily to diagnose described plant equipment to have;
When having carried out the comparative control of stipulated number, the perhaps result according to comparative control in each second time, when threshold value is above, be judged as unusual comprehensive evaluation when temporarily being diagnosed as unusual number of times, diagnose described plant equipment that no abnormal and unusual position is arranged.
(39). a kind of state monitoring method of plant equipment is the state monitoring method with plant equipment one of at least of rotary body and slide unit, it is characterized in that,
Analyze the regulation physical quantity of this plant equipment according to the signal that produces from described plant equipment, in each very first time analysis result and the information that has N/R diagnosis benchmark to constitute by described plant equipment are compared contrast, it is no abnormal temporarily to diagnose described plant equipment to have;
When having carried out the comparative control of stipulated number, perhaps the result according to comparative control in each second time judges the comprehensive evaluation of intensity of anomaly according to temporarily being diagnosed as unusual number of times, and diagnosis has no abnormal and unusual position.
(40). the state monitoring method as (38) or (39) described plant equipment, it is characterized in that,
Convert described signal A/D to digital signal and analyze the processing of the frequency of described digital signal, the frequency content that the damage by the described plant equipment of calculating according to the actuating signal of described plant equipment is caused in each described very first time compares contrast with the frequency content according to measured data.
(41). the state monitoring method as (40) described plant equipment, it is characterized in that,
Described signal is implemented amplification and handles and Filtering Processing.
(42). the state monitoring method as (40) or (41) described plant equipment, it is characterized in that,
The described rotary body of described plant equipment and at least one of slide unit are the one of any of rolling bearing, ball-screw, line slideway, linear ball bearing, the actuating signal of described plant equipment is the rotational speed signal of described rolling bearing and described ball-screw, is the translational speed signal of described line slideway and described linear ball bearing.
(43). a kind of state monitoring apparatus of plant equipment, be to use at least one the state monitoring apparatus of plant equipment (38) or (39) state monitoring method, that comprise rotary body and slide unit, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The detection handling part of at least one of the signal that detection produces from described plant equipment,
Have described signal, implement to be used for to judge the arithmetic processing section of microcomputer of the calculation process of described plant equipment state according to the output of described detection handling part, and
Have the described arithmetic processing section of output judged result efferent as a result and, according at least one the control and treatment portion of judged result to the controller of the control system of plant equipment feedback.
(44). the state monitoring apparatus as (43) described plant equipment, it is characterized in that,
At least one side of described detection handling part and described microcomputer pack into described rotary body or described slide unit.
(45). the state monitoring apparatus as (43) or (44) described plant equipment, it is characterized in that,
At least one of described rotary body and described slide unit is the bearing of carrying radial load,
Described detection handling part is fixed on the load circle with the axial loading of the chimeric bearing housing of the rail wheel of described bearing.
(46). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the bearing unit for railway carriages of the state monitoring apparatus of any one the described plant equipment in a kind of use (43) to (45).
(47). the windmill of the state monitoring apparatus of any one the described plant equipment in a kind of use (43) to (45) apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of bearing arrangement.
(48). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the Work machine bearing for spindle device of the state monitoring apparatus of any one the described plant equipment in a kind of use (43) to (45).
(49). a kind of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of mechanical hook-up, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Have to be fixed on and twist the detection handling part of signal on the bolt on the mechanical hook-up frame, that will produce from described mechanical hook-up as the sensor unit of electric signal output,
Output according to described detection handling part comes described mechanical hook-up is carried out abnormality diagnostic arithmetic processing section, and
According to the next control and treatment portion of described abnormality diagnostic result to described mechanical hook-up control system feedback control signal.
(50). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (49) described mechanical hook-up, it is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section comprises: storage is accumulated dispenser from the described electric signal of described detection handling part and according to the data that the kind of described signal is distributed to suitable dispense path;
Calculate the analysis portion of the regulation physical quantity of relevant described mechanical hook-up according to the electric signal of accumulating the dispenser distribution from described data;
Preserve the first data preservation portion of the mechanical hook-up data of relevant described mechanical hook-up;
The described physical quantity that described analysis portion is calculated be kept at described mechanical hook-up data in the described internal data preservation portion and compare described mechanical hook-up is carried out abnormality diagnostic relatively judging part; And
Preserve the analysis result and the described relatively described abnormity diagnosis result's of judging part the second data preservation portion of described analysis portion.
(51). the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as (49) or (50) described mechanical hook-up, it is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section and described control and treatment portion are made of microcomputer or IC chip.
(52). as (49) apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that to (51) described any one described mechanical hook-up,
Transmit by the wireless signal that carries out between described detection handling part and described arithmetic processing section or described arithmetic processing section and the described control and treatment portion.
(53). a kind of bearing arrangement, it comprises: have inner track wheel road face interior wheel, have the foreign steamer of foreign steamer orbital plane, between described inside and outside wheel track face relative to a plurality of rotors that rotate freely configuration and rotate the retainer that freely keeps described rotor, and the bearing of carrying radial load is configured in the bearing housing, wherein
In the load circle of described bearing housing, the unusual abnormality detection parts of at least one that has that detection selects from take in the vibration transducer that is fixed in the single casing and temperature sensor.
(54). as (53) described bearing arrangement, it is characterized in that,
The part that the load of described bearing housing encloses a side outer surface is provided with the par, is fixed with described abnormality detection parts on described par.
(55). as (54) described bearing arrangement, it is characterized in that,
The described abnormality detection parts of configuration on the load circle outer diameter part bearing width central portion of described bearing housing.
(56). as (53) described bearing arrangement, it is characterized in that,
The described abnormality detection parts of configuration in the width regions of the load circle outer diameter part described inner track wheel road face of described bearing housing or described foreign steamer orbital plane.
(57). any one the described bearing arrangement as (53) to (56), it is characterized in that,
Have the signal transfer member that is used to transmit detected signal in the housing of described abnormality detection parts, and judge that according to the signal that is transmitted via described signal transfer member judged result efferent no abnormal and output is arranged.
(58). any one the described bearing arrangement as (53) to (57), it is characterized in that,
Described abnormality detection parts are buried underground to be fixed in the recess that is formed on the described bearing housing, the gap between these abnormality detection parts of molded installation and the recess.
(59). as (58) described bearing arrangement, it is characterized in that,
Described abnormality detection parts are situated between and are fixed on the described recess by liner.
(60). any one the described bearing arrangement as (53) to (59), it is characterized in that, comprising:
Remove the Filtering Processing portion of the frequency band of not wanting in the vibrational waveform from described vibration transducer, the envelope handling part that the absolute value through filtered waveform that transmits from described Filtering Processing portion is carried out detection, the frequency analysis portion of the waveform frequency that analysis is passed on from described decoding processing portion, the comparative control portion that the frequency that is caused by damage calculated according to rotational speed and frequency according to real data are compared, and the efferent of determining as a result that no abnormal and unusual position are arranged according to the comparative result by described comparative control portion.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality used of rail truck of expression first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 (a)～Fig. 2 (b) is the block diagram of the inner structure of expression sensor unit;
Fig. 3 is the figure that the expression data are accumulated dispenser;
Fig. 4 is the defective of each parts of expression bearing and the relational expression that concerns between the abnormal vibrations frequency that each parts produces;
Fig. 5 is the figure that concerns between expression load circle of bearing and the non-load circle;
Fig. 6 is the figure from the time waveform of the detected vibration signal of bearing of expression first embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the figure from the frequency spectrum of the detected vibration signal of bearing of expression first embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the figure of the frequency spectrum after the envelope from the detected vibration signal of bearing of expression first embodiment is handled;
Fig. 9 is the process flow diagram of the treatment scheme of expression first method;
Figure 10 is illustrated in the curve map that does not produce the frequency spectrum when unusual;
Figure 11 is the curve map that the expression foreign steamer produces the frequency spectrum when unusual;
Figure 12 be the expression retainer when sustaining damage frequency spectrum and reference value between the curve map that concerns;
Figure 13 is the process flow diagram of the treatment scheme of expression second method;
Figure 14 is the key diagram of second method;
Figure 15 is the process flow diagram of the treatment scheme of expression third party method;
Figure 16 is the figure of the frequency spectrum when foreign steamer sustains damage;
Figure 17 is the key diagram of cubic method;
The substandard relation that concerns between the size that Figure 18 represents to peel off, the peak value that shows the actual measurement frequency spectrum data and the datum-plane;
Figure 19 is the process flow diagram of the treatment scheme of expression the 5th method;
Figure 20 is the figure that concerns between expression level of frequency spectrum and the datum line;
Figure 21 is the process flow diagram of the treatment scheme of expression the 6th method;
Figure 22 is the curve map that there is the frequency spectrum when unusual in the expression foreign steamer;
Figure 23 is the curve map that the expression foreign steamer does not have the frequency spectrum when unusual;
Figure 24 is the curve map that there is the frequency spectrum when unusual in the expression foreign steamer;
Figure 25 is the curve map that the expression foreign steamer does not have the frequency spectrum when unusual;
Figure 26 is the block diagram of inner structure of sensor unit of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the rail truck of expression second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 27 is the figure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality used of the rail truck of second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 28 is the block diagram of schematic construction of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the rotary body of expression third embodiment of the invention;
Figure 29 is the block diagram of schematic construction of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the rotary body of expression four embodiment of the invention;
Figure 30 is the block diagram of schematic construction of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression fifth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 31 is the block diagram of the schematic construction of microcomputer shown in Figure 30;
The block diagram of the schematic construction of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of the sixth embodiment of the invention that Figure 32 represents;
Figure 33 is the block diagram of structure of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression seventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 34 (a) is the block diagram of schematic construction of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression eighth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 34 (b) is the side view of the Bearing Installation state of Figure 34 (a);
Figure 35 (a) is the block diagram of schematic construction of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression ninth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 35 (b) is the side view of the Bearing Installation state of Figure 35 (a);
Figure 36 is the block diagram of schematic construction of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression tenth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 37 is the sectional view of plant equipment that is applicable to the state monitoring apparatus of eleventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 38 is the synoptic diagram of the state monitoring apparatus of the 11 embodiment;
Figure 39 is the block diagram of the arithmetic processing section of Figure 38;
Figure 40 is the process flow diagram of the diagnostic process order of expression state monitoring method;
Figure 41 is the figure of bearing housing of bearing unit for railway carriages of plant equipment that is applicable to the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the 12 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 42 is the figure of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality used of the rail truck of the 12 embodiment;
Figure 43 is the figure of variation of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of twelveth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 44 is the figure of other variation of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of twelveth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 45 is the sectional view of the bearing arrangement of thirteenth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 46 is the signal processing system figure of the abnormality detecting apparatus of bearing arrangement shown in Figure 45;
Figure 47 is the signal processing system figure that is different from the method for Figure 46;
Figure 48 is the sectional view of the bearing arrangement of fourteenth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 49 is the sectional view of the bearing arrangement of fifteenth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 50 is the sectional view of existing bearing device;
Figure 51 is the sectional view of existing other bearing arrangements;
Figure 52 is the sectional view of existing another bearing arrangement;
Figure 53 is the block diagram of existing other structure example;
Figure 54 is the block diagram of existing another structure example;
Figure 55 is the block diagram of existing another structure example.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings the state monitoring method of plant equipment of the present invention and device and apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality are elaborated.
(first embodiment)
Fig. 1 is the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality that the rail truck of expression first embodiment of the invention is used.Apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1 comprises: have be separately positioned on each rolling bearing 21 respectively list, with the state of each row detection handling part 20 with the sensor unit 22 of electric signal output; Electric signal to sensor unit 22 outputs is carried out the arithmetic processing section 30 that calculation process is judged the defective of rail truck equipment 10 or waited state unusually; And the control and treatment portion 40 that controls, exports the judged result of arithmetic processing section 30.
Apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1 is to be used to detect by the abrasion of a plurality of roller bearings 21 in the bearing arrangement of supporting rail truck axletree and damaged and unusual device that cause.Each rolling bearing 21 comprises: be embedded in the foreign steamer 23 of car body one side as stationary part respectively; The interior wheel 24 that is embedded in outward on the axletree and rotates with axletree; And in the outer wheel track that is formed at foreign steamer 23 inner peripheral surfaces one side and in being formed between the inner track wheel road of wheel 24 outer peripheral faces one side by figure unshowned retainer kept, rotation is configured in rotary bodies 25 such as ball between two tracks, roller freely.In addition, on the foreign steamer 23 of each rolling bearing 21, sensor unit 22 is installed.In Fig. 1, detect handling part 20 and comprise: test section 20a, the 20b and the 20c that are constituted by the sensor unit 22 that is installed on each rolling bearing 21.
Acoustic emission), translational speed, power, ultrasonic etc. are in the information of the generation in service of plant equipment sensor unit 22 comprises a plurality of sensors as detecting element, strain J5, the AE that its sound J1, temperature J2, vibration (vibration displacement, vibration velocity, vibration acceleration) J3, rotational speed J4, bearing foreign steamer that is used to detect the physical quantity that changes as the rotation status of corresponding bearing 21 produces (acoustic emission:.Each physical quantity that each sensor will detect is exported to arithmetic processing section 30 with electric signal.
Wherein, 30 pairs of each detection information of arithmetic processing section are suitably distributed electric signal, therefore, for each detecting element, can be with separate configurations at different parts, each detecting element of regulation signals such as independent detection sound, temperature, vibration, rotational speed, strain, AE, translational speed, power, ultrasonic carries out a plurality of combinations; Also a plurality of detecting elements can be accommodated in its cabinet inside, use the compound sensor unit that detects multiple signal simultaneously to replace a plurality of detecting elements of separate configurations as sensor unit 22.
In addition, can use piezoelectric type vibration acceleration transducer, piezo-electric type conducts such as vibration acceleration sensor, speed detection type vibration transducer and displacement detection type vibration transducer in addition to be used to detect the sensor of vibration.In addition, also can use multidirectional while vibration detecting sensor by a multi-direction vibration of sensor as vibration transducer.
And, in order to detect with high SN ratio, if with sensor unit 22, particularly vibration detecting element 22d (with reference to Fig. 2 (a)) is installed on the position (load circle) of bearing load, then can be with good sensitivity detection signal, thus can measure more accurately.Here, as shown in Figure 5, the load circle is the zone to rotor carrying loading.In addition, when being not used in the space of sensor installation on load circle or setting when producing the high-tension cable that disturbs etc. when having to be installed on the non-load circle, Filtering Processing that can be by Filtering Processing described later portion 34 etc. is measured with the detection sensitivity that improves signal.
In the present embodiment, shown in Fig. 2 (a), sensor unit 22 is that various detecting element 22b, 22c and 22d are accommodated in structure in the unit housings 22a.Below, illustrate that sensor unit 22 comprises: the situation that detects the detector unit 22b of bearing 21 temperature, the rotation detecting element 22c that detects the rotational speed of wheel (axletree) in the bearing 21 and detection vibration detecting element 22d of the vibration of generation on bearing 21 in unit housings 22a inside.
Each detecting element 22b～22c comes amplification and the corresponding electric signal of detected vibration, temperature and rotational speed via the amplifier 50 as output amplification parts, and to arithmetic processing section 30 outputs.Shown in Fig. 2 (b), amplifier 50 can be separately positioned on the inside of sensor unit housing 22a, also can as shown in Figure 1 it be separately positioned between sensor unit 22 and the arithmetic processing section 30, in addition, also it can be arranged on the inside of arithmetic processing section 30.Preferably in unit box 22a, respectively amplifier 22e, 22f and 22g are installed on each detecting element 22b, 22c and the 22d.Though during transmitting the signal of exporting from sensor unit 22 to arithmetic processing section 30, might be interfered the reliability of mensuration is reduced via cable, but the influence by just being difficult to via amplifier 50 amplifying signal levels be interfered again in advance, thereby improve reliability.
Between sensor unit 22 and arithmetic processing section 30, transmit signal by wired (cable).Measure precision in order to reduce to disturb to wait to improve, wired (cable) preferably has waterproof, grease proofing, dustproof, antirust, moistureproof, heat-resisting and anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI).Measure precision in order to reduce to disturb to wait to improve, each detecting element 22b～22d of sensor unit 22 preferably equally also has waterproof, grease proofing, dustproof, antirust, moistureproof, heat-resisting and anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI).For example, can make the unit housings 22a of sensor unit 22 have waterproof by all detecting elements all are accommodated in the sensor unit, grease proofing, dustproof, antirust, moistureproof, heat-resisting and anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) realizes.
For arithmetic processing section 30, for example can use PC or general-purpose computer that ready-made operating system and abnormity diagnosis enforcement usefulness application software are installed, also can be the arithmetic element by each several part is independently handled respectively and memory circuit constituted.
Fig. 3 is a synoptic diagram of accumulating dispenser 31 as the data of first data store.Data are accumulated dispenser 31 and are comprised that data are accumulated the 31a of portion, the 31c of sampling portion and the benchmark configuration part 31b that samples.Data are accumulated the 31a of portion and will be preserved the data of each each signal to preserve medium from the output signal of each detecting element 22b～22d, and it can be made of various storeies or hard disk etc.
Data are accumulated the signal that the 31a of portion receives and temporary transient storage sends from each detecting element 22b～22d, simultaneously, the respective signal kind with signal allocation in each analysis portion 32,33,34 some.Various signals are converted to digital signal by the not shown A/D converter of figure by A/D being sent to the previous stage that data accumulate dispenser 31.In addition, even also it doesn't matter for the reversed in order of A/D conversion and amplification.
Sampling benchmark configuration part 31b sets the simulating signal that is used for from vibration detecting element 22d output according to the information that obtains from outside input part 100 and removes the reference value that is subjected to the big zone of disturbing effect.Here, input part 100 is input medias such as finger mouse, keyboard, and the user can set arbitrarily by 100 pairs of reference values of input part.
The 31c of sampling portion will be divided into specified length as vibration, temperature, the rotary speed data of time data, and be used to the sampling to the analysis portion output signal of the latter half.For the 31c of this sampling portion, when the output signal from vibration detecting element 22d contains the big interference of the reference value that sets than sampling benchmark configuration part 31b, the time band that its interference is entered does not carry out signal sampling, not to Filtering Processing portion 34 output signals of the latter half.Specifically, detecting signal level is above certain two some A and B of certain value, controls to make not to Filtering Processing portion 34 and vibration analysis portion 35 output datas between the time from A to B.Thus, can not contain the frequency content of the time zone of very big interfering data, carry out abnormality diagnostic possibility thereby reduce mistake.In addition, sampling benchmark configuration part 31b and the 31c of sampling portion may not be set,, for example also can be configured in previous stage etc. and other positions that data are accumulated the 31a of portion if can produce identical action effect.
Usually, rotate vibrative unusual frequency band by the size of bearing, the decisions such as quantity of rotor because of bearing.The as can be seen from Figure 4 relation of the defective of each parts of bearing and the abnormal vibrations frequency that produces by each parts.In frequency analysis,, in vibration signal, preferably do not contain the frequency more than the Nyquist frequency for definite maximum frequency (Nyquist frequency) that can carry out Fourier transform of corresponding sampling time.Thus, in the present embodiment, accumulate between dispenser 31 and the vibration analysis portion 35 in data Filtering Processing portion 34 is set, mark predetermined band, transmit to vibration analysis portion 35 including only the vibration signal that marks frequency band by Filtering Processing portion 34.In rail truck, when the low speed rotation axletree, for example can only extract the following frequency content of 1kHz.
In addition, for Filtering Processing portion 34, can not carry out Filtering Processing at first, at first obtain frequency spectrum by vibration analysis portion 35, prediction in advance can observe the frequency band of peak value, and then corresponding band region carries out Filtering Processing, afterwards, carries out frequency analysis again.Can effectively get rid of interference not according to this structure, carry out frequency analysis accurately.
Fig. 6 is that the vibration information J3 of the vibration of the rolling bearing 21 that detects about the sensor unit by present embodiment 22 is the figure of the time waveform of vibration signal, Fig. 7 is the frequency spectrum of the vibration signal obtained of the vibration analysis portion 35 from present embodiment, and Fig. 8 is the frequency spectrum that carries out the vibration signal after envelope is handled that the vibration analysis portion 35 from present embodiment obtains.
35 pairs of vibration signals of vibration analysis portion carry out frequency resolution, calculate as Fig. 7 or frequency spectrum shown in Figure 8.Frequency period in regulation observes strong frequency spectrum as can be seen from Figure 8.Can learn that from the relational expression of Fig. 4 this is the frequency content that the damage by the foreign steamer 23 of rolling bearing 21 causes.
Simultaneously, in Fig. 3, though temperature analysis portion 32, pivot analysis portion 33 and vibration analysis portion 35 have been shown, also can corresponding each analysis portion of information setting that detects by each detecting element of sensor unit 22.
The rumble spectrum that 36 pairs of vibration analysis portions 35 of comparison judging part obtain compares with reference value from be kept at internal data preservation portion 37 or the reference value of calculating from frequency spectrum, judges whether to take place abnormal vibrations.Here, reference value is meant privileged site abrasion or the damaged frequency content data that cause or the setting that is contained in the frequency spectrum of each frequency spectrum of trying to achieve of bearing.Relatively judging part 36 is when judging by the comparison frequency composition, also with reference to the analysis result of humidity that obtains from temperature analysis portion 32 and pivot analysis portion 33 and rotational speed be stored in each specification factor datas of the various data etc. of the bearing in the internal data preservation portion 37, the correctness of making every effort to judge.
Specifically, judge according to the frequency spectrum of vibration when judging part 36 relatively to exist when unusual, confirm the temperature of bearing, if temperature surpass setting then judge take place serious unusual.In addition, when having only some showing abnormality, judge and have only some generations unusual.In addition, if each result is correct, then judge not unusual.Also can be formation as following:, when judging that repeatedly its result does not change yet, judge to exist unusually for having only some unusual situations that is shown as.Relatively judging part 36 is accumulated the result of efferent 38 output abnormalities diagnosis to data.
Enumerate following method as a comparison judging part 36 carry out abnormality diagnostic concrete processing according to vibration information.
(1) uses the method for the virtual value of envelope data as reference value
In the method, obtain the frequency content that produces when unusual according to the formula of Fig. 4.Then, calculate the virtual value of envelope data, try to achieve the relatively reference value of usefulness from this virtual value.Then, calculate the above frequency of reference value, the frequency content that produces when unusual compares.Below, describe in the time of with reference to Fig. 9.
At first, Jie detects bearing vibration (step S101) by the vibration detecting element 22d that is accommodated in the unit housings 22a.Amplification factor with regulation carries out amplification to detected signal, and converts thereof into digital signal (step S102) by A/D converter.The vibration signal that converts digital signal to is stored in data with the form of stipulating and accumulates in the dispenser 31 (step S103).
Then, obtain the frequency spectrum (step S104) of digital signal, and select the filtering band territories (step S105) that are applicable to digital signal by Filtering Processing portion 34 according to the frequency spectrum of trying to achieve.Filtering Processing portion 34 carries out Filtering Processing and removes selected filtering band territory frequency content (step S106) in addition, and the digital signal after Filtering Processing is exported to vibration analysis portion 35.Then, the digital signal after 35 pairs of Filtering Processing of vibration analysis portion is implemented envelope and is handled (step S107), thereby obtains the frequency spectrum (step S108) of the digital signal after envelope is handled.
Simultaneously, calculate the virtual value (step S109) of the digital signal after envelope is handled, and calculate employed reference value (step S112) in the abnormity diagnosis according to virtual value.Here, virtual value be the frequency band after handling as envelope mean square value square root and obtained.Reference value is calculated according to virtual value and according to following formula (1) or (2).
(reference value)=(virtual value)+α ... (1)
(reference value)=(virtual value) * β ... (2)
α, β: the setting that becomes with data class
Then, obtain the frequency (step S110) that bearing causes unusually according to form shown in Figure 4, extract the level of the abnormal frequency composition of each parts corresponding with obtaining frequency, promptly, wheel damage composition Si (Zfi), foreign steamer damage composition So (Zfc), rotary body damage composition Sb (2fb) and retainer hurt composition Sc (fc) (step S111), and compare (step S113) with the reference value of calculating in step S112 in the extraction.Then, when the value of all the components than reference value hour, judge that bearing does not produce unusual (step S114), when a certain composition when reference value is above, judge at this position to produce unusual (step S115).
Figure 10 is illustrative to be the curve map that the frequency spectrum when unusual does not take place, and Figure 11 is illustrative to be the curve map that the frequency spectrum when unusual takes place foreign steamer.In the example of Figure 10, obtain reference value by envelope data and be-29.3dB.Come to compare with interior wheel damage composition Si (2fi), foreign steamer damage composition So (Zfc), rotary body damage composition Sb (2fb) and retainer hurt composition Sc (fc) if introduce the line of reference value in the curve map of Figure 10, then the level of all the components is all little than reference value.Therefore, can judge that this bearing is normal.On the other hand, under the situation of Figure 11, foreign steamer damage composition So (Zfc) is bigger and outstanding than reference value, takes place unusually thereby can judge on the foreign steamer of bearing.
In addition, Figure 12 is that the expression retainer has the curve map that concerns between the frequency spectrum in when damage and the reference value.In Figure 12, in the frequency f c of corresponding retainer damage, observe the peak value bigger than reference value.So, be that level by frequency that bearing is caused and reference value compare and judge because have or not the peak value of occurrence frequency, so, even also can diagnose suitably for small leak shown in Figure 12.
Simultaneously, though employing here is virtual value, also can use mean value or peak factors (=peak level/mean value) such as moving average.
(2) obtain the peak value of frequency spectrum, relatively the method for crest frequency and abnormal frequency
In the method, obtain the frequency content that produces when unusual according to the formula of Fig. 4.Then, in the frequency spectrum of trying to achieve in vibration analysis portion 36, for stated number or the peak value more than the reference value, whether contrast is with to produce unusual frequency content suitable.Below, be elaborated according to process flow diagram shown in Figure 13.
Because the flow process till the step S108 is with identical described in the method (1) and omit.The peak value of the frequency spectrum that at first calculates in the method, (step S201).Here, in order to obtain the peak value of frequency, the first, obtain the difference data of the difference of the level of frequency content data point before the level of data point of each frequency content of expression and the one.Then, the symbol of finding out difference data is judged forming peak value by the frequency values relevant with the difference data that becomes its positive and negative basis from just becoming negative inflection point.But, for the necessary peak value of diagnosis, because be that very sharp-pointed peak value is an object only, so only big or hour judge that it is a peak value in slope ratio specified reference value (for example 1 or-1) with the gradient (slope).
Figure 14 is the figure of expression frequency spectrum.In Figure 14, for three continuous some A (X
0, Y
0), B (X
1, Y
1) and C (X
2, Y
2), some B is a peak value.At this moment, because the difference data δ of A and B
1=Y
1-Y
0＞0, the difference data δ of B and C
2=Y
2-Y
1＜0, so difference data is negative from just becoming.Then, here as the satisfied (Y of slope
1-Y
0)/(X
1-X
0)＞1 or (Y
2-Y
1)/(X
2-X
1)＜-1 o'clock, judging point B are peak value.
Then, calculate abnormal frequency (step S202) according to Fig. 4 from each key element of bearing, and extract the frequency that correspondence obtains each parts the abnormal frequency composition level, promptly in wheel damage composition Si (Zfi), foreign steamer damage composition So (Zfc), rotary body damage composition Sb (2fb) and retainer hurt composition Sc (fc) (step S203).Then, the frequency that crest frequency is produced when unusual compares, and judges crest frequency whether consistent with the abnormal frequency of calculating (step S204).Then, when a certain peak value is consistent with abnormal frequency, judge parts that should abnormal frequency are produced unusual (step S206).When each frequency is all inconsistent, judge not unusual (step S205).
(3) use the method for basic frequency and specific higher harmonics
In the method, for as a sub-value of the basic frequency of abnormal frequency composition, two sub-values of doubled frequency and four sub-values with quadruple rate of basic frequency with basic frequency, whether the frequency when relatively the frequency of peak value is unusual with generation is consistent, in at least two frequencies, exist when unusual when judging, final judgement has unusual, when judgement when to have unusual frequency be following a kind of situation, judge not unusual.Below, be elaborated in the time of with reference to Figure 15.
To calculate frequency spectrum and calculate because of the flow process of the process and method (1) that unusually produces frequency the same.For this method, in comparison, at first as shown in Figure 15 in the frequency of the basis (primary components) that when unusual, produces, judge that spectrum value is whether more than reference value (step S301).When spectrum value when reference value is above, judge the primary components unanimity, and advance to step S302.On the other hand, when inconsistent, S311 advances to step.
In step S302, in the frequency of the secondary component of doubled frequency, judge that spectrum value is whether more than reference value with the basis that produces when unusual.When spectrum value when reference value is above, judge the secondary component unanimity, and it is unusual to judge in step S321 that finally this position produces.On the other hand, when inconsistent, S312 advances to step.
In step S311, in the frequency of the secondary component of doubled frequency, judge that spectrum value is whether more than reference value with the basis that produces when unusual.When spectrum value when reference value is above, judge the secondary component unanimity, and advance to step 312.On the other hand, when inconsistent, S321 advances to step, and finally judges at this position not unusual the generation.
In step S312, in the frequency of four compositions of quadruple rate, judge that spectrum value is whether more than reference value with the basis that produces when unusual.When spectrum value when reference value is above, judge four times the composition unanimity, and in step S322 final judge produce at this position unusual.On the other hand, when inconsistent, final judgement does not produce at this position unusually.
Figure 16 is the figure that foreign steamer has the frequency spectrum when damaging.Observe high-frequency as can be known as the natural several times of the Zfc of basic frequency.Reference value when this moment is-during 10dB, for all once, secondary and four compositions, spectrum value is more than reference value as can be known.Therefore, judge in the foreign steamer generation unusual by the processing of this method.
Generally, consider that existence observes the situation of very big peak value because of influences such as accidental interference on the unusual frequency of correspondence, in the method, because only once, have at least the peak value of two frequencies when reference value is above, just to judge unusually in secondary and four compositions, so reduced the possibility of erroneous judgement.
Simultaneously, in the process flow diagram of Figure 15, though be with once, secondary, four times order compare, also can sequentially compare from a big beginning of peak level.At this moment, if peak value be the peak value of maximum frequency below reference value, then can judge not unusually not constantly, thereby can shorten operation time at this.In addition, also can be the frequency content of the combination of the combination of a sub-value, two sub-values and three sub-values or two sub-values, four sub-values and six sub-values as combination.
(4) in the abnormality diagnostic method of inferring damage simultaneously
Though in method (1)～(3),, can also as following, infer the size of damage to no abnormal the diagnosis arranged.Figure 17 is the synoptic diagram of the frequency spectrum after envelope is handled.In the drawings, observe frequency Zfc and have very big peak value, thereby learn in foreign steamer existence damage.If with the peak L n of this Zfc and datum-plane L as frequency spectrum ensemble average value
0Compare, then can infer the size that causes unusual foreign steamer damage.
Figure 18 be illustrated in the rolling bearing, when producing as the peeling off of rail wheel damage, the size of peeling off with, surveying the peak value that occurs on the frequency spectrum data d1 and the relation between the level error between the datum-plane.Thereby, because level error general big or small increase in direct ratio with damage, so the level error of the peak value by oppositely obtaining actual measurement frequency spectrum data d1 and can infer the size that damage.In addition, the peak value of a sub-value of the increase respective frequencies composition of the peak level on actual measurement frequency spectrum data d1 is the most remarkable.Therefore, when detecting when unusual, by a sub-value Ln and the datum-plane L of calculated rate composition
0Level error 1 infer degree of injury, thereby can corresponding degree of injury decide the replacing time of defective component.Therefore, can not carry out unnecessary part replacement or maintenance, change with reasonable time, thereby can reduce standing charges.
(5) will with the level error of the higher harmonic component of the natural several times of basic frequency method as reference value
For this method, relatively as a sub-level of the basic frequency of abnormal frequency composition calculate have basic frequency 2,3,4 ... the n overtones band 2,3,4 ... the number of n sub-level more than reference value, when surpassing the reference value of stipulating more than the number, judge to produce unusually.Specifically, with respect to a sub-level, when the n sub-value in { (level once)-(n-1)
*When a} (dB) is above, calculate.Here a is an arbitrary value.Below, describe with reference to the process flow diagram of Figure 19.
Figure 19 is the process flow diagram of expression this method processing procedure.Processing till calculating to the frequency spectrum of this method is identical with the processing till the step S101～step S108 of the process flow diagram of Fig. 9.The later processing of step display S108 in Figure 19.
At first, with reference to formula shown in Figure 4, calculate each bearing each position (foreign steamer, interior wheel, rotor and retainer), because of the abnormal frequency (step S401) that bearing causes unusually, extract right several times (2,3 ... n is doubly) the level (step S403) of frequency spectrum of frequency.Here, extraction has the secondary of basic abnormal frequency 2,3,4,5 overtones bands, three times, four times and five compositions.
Then, a basic sub-value is carried out the affirmation (step S404) of each 2,3,4,5 composition level as benchmark.Here, when each composition level when { (sub-level)-3 (n-1) } is (dB) above, have unusual calculating.Specifically, carry out the calculating of the unusual existence relevant with each composition in following situation.
(secondary component level)＞(primary components level)-3
(three composition levels)＞(primary components level)-6
(four composition levels)＞(primary components level)-9
(five composition levels)＞(primary components level)-12
Then, by confirm to exist unusual calculating number whether the regulation number with on carry out final unusual judgement (step S405).Here, if having and have unusual calculating more than two, then final judge exist unusual, if one with next not unusual.
Figure 20 is that barrel roller bearing (external diameter 215mm, internal diameter 100m, wide 47mm, roller several 14) is approximately with 300min
-1The figure that concerns between spectral levels when taking turns in the rotation and the datum line.Straight line among the figure is the judgment standard value that connects the said reference line with line.When there was damage in bearing, the value of the above composition of secondary was more than the judgment standard line, and still the correspondence that produces under the normal condition peak level that tumbles sound falls back to this below judgment standard line owing to secondary and four compositions.Usually, relatively its high order composition was low when there was defective in sound (rotary body tumbles sound) with foreign steamer because tumble, so as shown in figure 20, most value all falls back to below the judgment standard line.Thus, even tumble sound etc., when having defective with foreign steamer simultaneously under the situation that occurs peak value on the frequency, also can judge still to be normal unusually more accurately by high order composition relatively.
(6) use the mean square value of each frequency band level or the method for local integral value (partial over all)
In the method, be not to use, and be to use the mean square value or the local integral value that contain by the level of the frequency band of the frequency that causes unusually to carry out abnormity diagnosis by itself value of the frequency peak level that causes unusually.Here, mean square value is with V
iAnd local integral value S
iProvide by following formula.Here, V
RMSAnd S
OABe the mean square value and the integral value (オ one バ one オ one Le) of full range band.Integral value is meant the summation of specific designated space.
(formula 1)
Wherein,
M: the frequency span that leaches (number of data points)
P
m: the mean value of the frequency spectrum of interval m
The spectrum value of Pi: frequency i
P: the mean value of the frequency spectrum of interval N
f
s: sample frequency
Δ f: the width of side frequency (frequency sharpness)
Figure 21 is the process flow diagram of expression this method treatment scheme.Processing till calculating to the frequency spectrum of this method is identical with the processing of the step S101～step S108 of Fig. 9 process flow diagram.The processing that Figure 21 step display S108 is later.
At first, calculate unusual on each position (foreign steamer, interior wheel, rotor and retainer) at bearing and the abnormal frequency (step S501) that causes with reference to formula shown in Figure 4 by bearing, then, calculate the mean square value (V in the entire belt territory of the promptly relevant mean square value (Vi) that comprises the frequency band of the frequency of calculating of normalized value or local integral value (Si) and frequency spectrum
RMS) or local integral value (S
OA) (step S502).Then, calculate the mean square value (V in above-mentioned one number of times composition band territory
i) or local integral value (S
i) by above-mentioned normal value (V
RMSPerhaps S
OA) remove value or the value (step S503) of difference.
Then, will remove value or the value of difference and the comparable data of preservation compare, judge remove value or the value of difference whether in normal range, judge that specifically it is whether more than the stipulated standard value (step S504).If remove value or the value of difference more than the specified reference value or below, then judge to exist unusually, and determine to produce unusual position (step S505) according to frequency band.Here, whether having unusual needing only more than reference value or when following judges by the mensuration of reality.Situation in addition all is judged as not unusual (step S506).
Quoting actual measured results describes above method.Figure 22 is the curve map that there is the frequency spectrum when unusual in the expression foreign steamer, and Figure 23 is the curve map that the expression foreign steamer does not have the frequency spectrum when unusual.(inclined to one side 10～20Hz) exist the anomaly peak frequency band near Figure 22 left side.The mean square value Va of this entire spectrum is 0.016.In addition, the mean square value Vn of the entire spectrum of corresponding Figure 20 is 0.008.Here, be 2Hz if establish the frequency span that the unusual frequency band (basic frequency) that causes because of the foreign steamer damage is extracted, in Figure 22, be 90.78 to the normalized value of the mean square value in this band territory then by V, be 38.47 in Figure 23.When existing when unusual, learn, be big with just often comparing about 2.4 times of normalized values.Therefore, between 90.78 and 38.47 or just often and set the threshold value of regulation in the ratio when unusual, when bigger than threshold value, can judge produce at foreign steamer unusual.
On the other hand, Figure 24 and Figure 25 are the example of expression when using a plurality of frequency band.Figure 24 is that expression possesses the rolling bearing and the normal gear (number of teeth: the curve map of the envelope frequency spectrum of plant equipment 31) that diminishes wound at foreign steamer.Observe five frequency peak in the figure, from basic frequency, can observe secondary component to five time composition at its each integral multiple.On the other hand, Figure 25 is just often the observation data corresponding with Figure 24, does not observe abnormal frequency.
Following content and trial use above-mentioned gimmick relevant with the data of Figure 24 and Figure 25.By the mean square value of frequency spectrum integral body to the mean square value of each frequency band of the basic frequency that causes because of the foreign steamer damage and the composition till its five times and carry out normalized value, in Figure 24, be 11.64, be 5.19 in Figure 25.Here, five times higher harmonics is meant from basic frequency and begins the 5th several peak values.When unusual, learn that with just often comparing about 2.2 times of normalized values be big.Therefore, between 11.64 and 5.19 or just often and set the threshold value of regulation in the ratio when unusual, when bigger than threshold value, judge produce at foreign steamer unusual.
It more than is the concrete tupe when N/R judgement being arranged by comparison judging part 36.Relatively judging part 36 can use a plurality of determination methods in these methods to carry out abnormity diagnosis.In order to improve abnormality diagnostic correctness, preferably be judged as unusually by a plurality of determination methods.
It is to preserve the relatively preservation portion of the judged result of judging part 36 that data are accumulated efferent 38, is made of hard disk or storage medium etc.Data are accumulated efferent 38 compares judging part 36 to control part 41 and efferent 42 outputs as a result judged result.Though it is structures of exporting in real time to control and treatment portion 40 that data are accumulated efferent 38, but be not limited to this, also can be regularly to control and treatment portion 40 export or control and treatment portion 40 in following explanation under the situation about being necessary (being diagnosed as the situation of unusual generation) just export result's structure.
Control and treatment portion 40 comprises: show as display mode with regulation the analysis result of arithmetic processing section 30 and judged result display device efferent as a result 42 and to the corresponding described relatively control part 41 of the control signal S1 of the judged result of judging part 36 of control system feedback that the action of the driving mechanism of the vehicle that is incorporated with bearing 21 is controlled.
Specifically, efferent 42 shows by monitor, image or exports analysis result and the judged result of notifying arithmetic processing section 30 to printer prints as a result, in addition, when the judged result of arithmetic processing section 30 exists when unusual, notify by the flicker of emergency warning lamp or the action of warning horn.
Simultaneously, sensor unit 22 can be the structure of often measuring, and still can be the structure of measuring in each stipulated time.In addition, can also be replace carrying out in real time abnormality diagnostic, when vehicle operating, only measure and storing measurement data the structure of resolving then at other position.For example, can be only to measure by day, the structure of analysis, judgement and result's output of summarizing at night.
The axletree of present embodiment discussed above is that a kind of axletree of rail truck has N/R apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality with the diagnosis bearing arrangement of bearing arrangement with the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1 of bearing arrangement, it comprises: have the signal that will produce from the bearing arrangement detection handling part 20 with a plurality of detecting elements of electric signal output, the arithmetic processing section 30 that is used to carry out the abnormality diagnostic calculation process of bearing arrangement according to the output that detects handling part 20, the efferent as a result 42 of the judged result of output arithmetic processing section 30, and the control and treatment portion 41 that uses the control system feedback control signal of vehicle according to judged result to railway.
In addition, in the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1 of present embodiment, in each analysis portion 32,33,35 of arithmetic processing section 30 to by the abrasion of bearing 21 component parts and damaged and the unusual output that has or not and be installed in the sensor unit 22 on the bearing 21 in advance that cause is analyzed.Then, apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1 by to prepare in advance reference data in internal data preservation portion 37 and analysis result compare judge have no abnormal.
Therefore, this apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1 for the abrasion of judging the structure member that the belt sensor bearing 21 of having no way of is arranged and damaged and cause unusual, can not take belt sensor bearing 21 itself apart and contain the rail truck of bearing 21 itself and only judged no abnormal in common user mode, thereby reduced the machine of tearing open of requiring efforts and the frequency of assembling operation, therefore can reduce the maintenance management cost.
In addition, because be by the regulation calculation process analysis and relatively come mechanically to judge, so compare with existing visual examination, can not exist because of supervisory personnel's skill level and individual difference to produce the judgement deviation, have or not abnormality diagnostic credibility thereby can improve.
In addition, directly equipping sensor unit 22 as on the foreign steamer of the structure member of the rotary body that constitutes rolling bearing 21 etc., sensor detects the physical quantity that rolling bearing 21 produces with high precision, thereby the peak value of frequency content that has reduced other article produce around the rolling bearing 21 sound or vibration than the danger that makes a very bad impression, and is recently realized the raising analyzing and judge precision by the SN that improves signal of sensor to the SN of the detection signal of sensor.
Therefore, for example, the not interference that can be produced when the seam by track because of rail truck and make the detection signal of sensor unit 22 that the danger of very large deformation be arranged from the peak value of the frequency content of the vibration that produces with the irrelevant machine of bearing 21 etc. etc., can alleviate calculated load and not waste the required time of resolving by the SN ratio that improves sensor cell output signal, thereby can realize analyzing, judge rapidization of the raising and the processing of precision.
In addition, in the present embodiment, because sensor unit 22 is built-in with the amplifier that is used for the output of amplification sensor, so the output signal of sensor unit 22 has been made amplitude become big by amplification, thereby can suppress the influence of the interference that increased by the signaling path between sensor unit 22 and the arithmetic processing section 30 etc.By the reduction of the processing accuracy that prevents from like this to cause, thereby can improve abnormality diagnostic credibility because of interference.
In addition, the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1 of present embodiment is not limited to diagnose the bearing of bearing arrangement to have no abnormal and produces unusual position, it also can be the structure of the flat part of diagnosis wheel, in addition, the gear that can also be the diagnosis bearing arrangement has structure no abnormal and that produce the position unusually, for wanting the various large-scale rotary body of expensive time can be as abnormity diagnosis object of the present invention in dismounting and installation process.
In addition,, be not limited to said method, also can carry out abnormity diagnosis by frequency spectrum is carried out the cepstrum analysis of spectrum though the abnormality diagnostic concrete processing of in (1)～(6) the comparison judging part being carried out according to vibration information is illustrated.
(second embodiment)
Then, the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality to the plant equipment of second embodiment of the invention is elaborated.Wherein, the part identical with first embodiment marks same label, omits or summarize the explanation that repeats.
As shown in figure 27, in the present embodiment, replace to detect handling part 20, use as shown in figure 26 by carrying out the detection handling part 51 that test section 51a, 51b, the 51c of the sensor unit 52 of radio communication are constituted with arithmetic processing section 30.Each test section 51a, 51b, 51c are equipped with sensor unit 52 on the foreign steamer 23 of each bearing 21.This sensor unit 52 is equipped with detector unit 52b, rotation detecting element 52c, vibration detecting element 52d and is used for the sending part 52h of radio communication in the inside of sensor housing 52a.Can each detecting element be provided with the signal that each detecting element 52b～52d is detected and come the amplifier of amplification with the amplification factor of regulation.Sending part 52h sends signal via wireless acceptance division 60 in being arranged on arithmetic processing section 30.
By above structure, because the distribution that can not consider to detect between handling part 51 and the arithmetic processing section 30 comes sensor installation unit on bearing arrangement, so increased the degree of freedom of sensors configured unit, thereby be easy to sensor unit is installed on the high position of precision.Same sending part and acceptance division also can be set between arithmetic processing section 30 and control and treatment portion 40, carry out radio communication.
Other structures and effect are identical with first embodiment.
(the 3rd embodiment)
Figure 28 is the block diagram of schematic construction of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression third embodiment of the invention.The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 60 of the rotary body of present embodiment is that the sensor unit to the belt sensor bearing 21 that is equipped in bearing axle is improved in the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 1 of first embodiment, and also improves carry out the arithmetic processing section 30 of certain processing and the equipment mode of control and treatment portion 40 according to the output signal of sensor unit.
Because the concrete structure of arithmetic processing section 30 and control and treatment portion 40 and disposal route are identical with first embodiment, so the mark label identical on common structure, and the relevant explanation of omission and these arithmetic processing section 30 and control and treatment portion 40 with first embodiment.
The sensor unit 61 of present embodiment is identical with first embodiment on following this point, promptly, as shown in the figure, the physical quantity itself that bearing 21 is detected has sound J1, temperature J2, vibration J3, rotational speed J4, strain J5, AE, translational speed, power, ultrasonic etc., and by these detection signal outputs of not shown amplifier 50 amplification.
The sensor unit 61 of present embodiment comprises the wireless communication machine of wireless transmission through the output signal of amplifier 50.The output of described sensor unit 61 is transferred into signal receiving/transmission device 63 through radio communication.
But signal receiving/transmission device 63 for example along the driving path of the rail truck 65 that is equipped with belt sensor bearing 21, with the appropriate intervals setting in the coverage area of wireless output on the line or station midway etc.Signal receiving/transmission device 63 uses wired or radio communication will be sent to information processing centre 67 from the signal that sensor unit 61 receives.
Information processing centre 67 comprises arithmetic processing section 30 and control and treatment portion 40.Information processing centre 67 is via the output signal of signal receiving device 63 receiving sensor unit 61, and its data that are stored in arithmetic processing section 30 are accumulated in the dispenser 31.Then, data are accumulated the signal that dispenser 31 each analysis portion 32,33,35 distribution in arithmetic processing section 30 receive.The signal that is assigned with is implemented predetermined process by each analysis portion 32,33,35.
In the output of sensor unit 61, add the individual identification information (id information) that is used for determining sensor unit that output is arranged.Arithmetic processing section 30 and control and treatment portion 40 judge according to this individual identification information the output of reception from which bearing 21 is delivered to, thereby distinguish each bearing data and handle, store.Thus, information processing centre 67 is managed concentratedly the unusual diagnosis that has or not of a plurality of bearings 21 by many rail trucks 65 shared arithmetic processing section 30 or control and treatment portion 40.
In addition, in the control and treatment portion 40 that is arranged in the information processing centre 67, be equipped with the wireless communication machine (diagram slightly) that control signal S1 is fed back to the control system of railway 65 by radio communication.
In the above apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 60, compare to the situation that arithmetic processing section transmits the output of sensor unit 61 with the signal wire that use is arranged on the rail truck with bearing, because the configuration degree of freedom of arithmetic processing section 30 or control and treatment portion 40 is improved, so be easy to carry out the setting of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 60 of this rotary body.
In addition, because in the signal of sensor unit 61 outputs, add individual identification information (id information) arranged, so can be by many rail trucks 65 shared arithmetic processing section 30 and the control and treatment portions 40 that are arranged in the information processing centre 67, thereby manage concentratedly more bearing 21 have no abnormal, thereby can realize the efficient activity that the abnormity diagnosis of bearing 21 is handled and the cost degradation of abnormality diagnosis apparatus.
Other structure and effect are identical with first embodiment.
(the 4th embodiment)
Figure 29 is the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression four embodiment of the invention.Simultaneously, the part identical with first embodiment marks same label, the explanation that omission or brief overview repeat.
The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 70 of the plant equipment of the 4th embodiment uses the bearing of the belt sensor bearing 21 shown in first embodiment as the axletree of supporting rail truck 65, by being arranged on away from arithmetic processing section 73 and control and treatment portion 75 in the information processing centre 71 of rail truck 65 the sensor unit 22 detected data that are installed on this bearing 21 is carried out analysis and judgement.
Be used to analyze, judge constructional device and first embodiment identical of the output information of sensor unit 22 in the arithmetic processing section 73, but can form the output data of temporary transient storage sensor unit 22 and data that the corresponding data kind is distributed are accumulated the structure that dispenser 31 can be loaded and unloaded easily in each analysis portion 32,33,35.
In addition, on rail truck 65, also be equipped with the storage part connecting portion (diagram is omitted) that can load and unload data easily and accumulate dispenser 31.The data that are installed on this storage part connecting portion are accumulated the signal that dispenser 31 can be stored sensor unit 22 outputs of each bearing 21.
The data that this apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 70 will store the output of sensor unit 22 from the rail truck 65 are accumulated dispenser 31 and are taken off and move in the information processing centre 71, accumulate each interior data of dispenser 31 and analyze, judge that the efferent as a result 42 of control and treatment portion 75 is notified to supvr etc. with the judged result and the analysis result of arithmetic processing section 73 being stored in data by being connected to come with arithmetic processing section 73 in the information processing centre 71.
Accumulate when the data of the analysis of having finished the storage data, judgement and to turn back to vehicle 65 after dispenser 31 has been implemented maintenances such as data that deletion uses as required and utilize again.
Judge though the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 70 of above structure is unsuitable for carrying out real-time analysis, be suitable for long-term keeping and be stored in the situation that data are accumulated the data in the dispenser 31 or carried out labor.
In addition, the arithmetic processing section 73 and the control and treatment portion 75 that are arranged in the information processing centre 71 are identical with the situation of the 3rd embodiment, because can be shared by many vehicle institutes, carry out abnormality diagnostic cost of equipment so be suitable for reducing.
Other structure and effect are identical with first embodiment.
(the 5th embodiment)
Figure 30 is the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression the 5th embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, identical with first embodiment part marks same label and omits or sketch the explanation that repeats.
The rolling bearing 21 of the axletree of 80 pairs of supporting rail trucks of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of the 5th embodiment detects by the abrasion of each component parts of this rolling bearing 21 or damaged and unusual generation that cause.Promptly, the rolling bearing 21 of bearing axle be constitute diagnosis have the rotary body of N/R object and slide unit one of at least, the plant equipment 90 that is equivalent to contain one or more rotary body or slide unit by the go-cart or the rail truck of rolling bearing 21 bearing axles.
In the present embodiment, bearing 21 is various physical quantitys of sound when detecting the bearing spinning movement or vibration etc. and is attached to as the belt sensor bearing on the bearing arrangement parts foreign steamer with sensor unit 22 dresses of electric signal output.On a vehicle, use a plurality of belt sensor bearings 21.
The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 80 of the plant equipment of present embodiment comprises: be equipped in a plurality of sensor units 22 on each bearing 21; Analyze the output of each sensor unit 22 by the calculation process of regulation, analysis result and pre-prepd reference data are compared and judge the N/R microcomputer 81 of having of bearing 21 as arithmetic processing section; Display mode with regulation shows the analysis result and the judged result of this microcomputer 81, the control and treatment portion 40 of feeding back the control signal of corresponding described judged result to the control system of rail truck.
Physical quantity when the bearing 21 as slide unit carries out sliding action (spinning movement) is the physical quantity that the rotation status of corresponding bearing 21 changes, for example, think sound that bearing 21 produces or vibration or even rotational speed, temperature, on the slide unit structure member, produce the various information of strain etc.
With the reference data of analysis result comparison be from as detected various physical quantity the bearing 21 described sensor unit just often of diagnosis object, specifically, except the strain information that produces on the rotating speed data of the acoustic information of normal bearing 21, bearing temperature information, vibration information, bearing, the bearing foreign steamer etc., also comprise because of the abrasion of the privileged site of bearing 21 or the information of the damaged frequency content that produces etc.
The system that described microcomputer 81 the is present embodiments single core microcomputer or the one board microcomputer of exploitation, by in microcomputer 81 inside, carry out the processing inner same with being documented in the arithmetic processing section 30 described in first embodiment.Promptly, microcomputer 81 as shown in figure 31, it comprises that data accumulate dispenser 31, temperature analysis portion 32, pivot analysis portion 33, Filtering Processing portion 34, vibration analysis portion 35, relatively judging part 36 and internal data preservation portion 37, as first embodiment is illustrated, carrying out as the output that receives from sensor is the calculation process of electric signal, and carrying out bearing has no abnormal and produce determining of position unusually.Microcomputer 81 is to control and treatment portion 40 output abnormality diagnostic results.Simultaneously, in the present embodiment,, also can data identically with first embodiment be set and accumulate efferent though be directly to export the analysis result of each analysis portion 32,33,35 and the judged result of comparison judging part 36 to control and treatment portion 40.
Control and treatment portion 40 comprises: the display mode with regulation shows the analysis result of microcomputer 81 or the efferent as a result 42 as display device of judged result, and the control part 41 that the described relatively control signal S1 of the judged result of judging part 36 of correspondence is fed back to the motion control system of the driving mechanism of controlling the vehicle that bearing 21 is installed.Illustrated identical of the action effect of control and treatment portion and first embodiment.
In the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 80 of the plant equipment of above-mentioned present embodiment, by analyze the output that is installed in advance as the sensor unit 22 in the rolling bearing 21 of slide unit as the microcomputer 81 of signal conditioning package, simultaneously, its analysis result and pre-prepd reference data are compared, by judging abrasion or damaged unusual the having or not that causes like this by the component parts of rolling bearing 21, so the rail truck that can not take rolling bearing 21 itself apart or contain rolling bearing 21 is with itself and keep common user mode to judge.
Therefore, can reduce the loaded down with trivial details unit of tearing open consuming time pretends the frequency of industry and reduces the maintenance management expense.In addition, because by the analysis of regulation calculation process and more mechanically judge, so compare the proficiency or the individual differences that can not produce judgement is created a difference, thereby can improve the reliability that has or not diagnosis unusually because of the supervisory personnel with existing visual examination.
In addition, use in the structure of microcomputer 81 as information treatment part, microcomputer 81 itself can be the little special cell of single core or veneer, so compare as the surveillance of signal conditioning package with use ordinary individual computer, entire system is dwindled significantly, and can reduce required the taking up room of equipment, so be easy to install to the plant equipment that contains slide unit (being rail truck etc.).
In addition, as direct sensor installation unit 22 on the foreign steamer of the structure member that constitutes rolling bearing 21 etc., sensor unit 22 detects the physical quantity that rolling bearing 21 produces in high sensitivity, therefore, reduced the peak value of the frequency content of other devices produce around the rolling bearing 21 sound or vibration and brought dysgenic danger for the SN ratio of the detection signal of sensor unit 22, the SN of the output signal by improving sensor unit 22 than and can improve and analyze and judge precision.
And, can make the information treatment part densification, because not using common large-scale cabinet etc. also can, so can be easy to improve resistance to vibration as signal conditioning package, its result, can install near rolling bearing 21 with sensor unit 22, the approaching influence of avoiding being subjected to external disturbance by rolling bearing 21 and microcomputer 81 has or not abnormality diagnostic credibility thereby can improve.
In addition, in the present embodiment, though itself also be built-in with the output amplification parts (amplifier) of its output signal of amplification and output at sensor unit 22, but, the output amplification parts of amplification sensor output also can be connected between sensor unit 22 and the microcomputer 81, or are built in microcomputer 81 sides.
(the 6th embodiment)
Figure 32 represents it is the block diagram of schematic configuration of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of plant equipment of sixth embodiment of the invention.
The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 100 of the plant equipment of present embodiment is the structure that single microcomputer 81 is handled the information of a plurality of sensor units 22, because other structures are identical with the 5th embodiment, so the structure identical with the 5th embodiment marks same label, omit the explanation relevant with these microcomputers 81 and control and treatment portion 40.
When calculation process ability of microcomputer 81 etc. has when more than needed, can be like this by utilizing single microcomputer 81 to handle the information that a plurality of sensor units 22 constitute, thereby can alleviate the equipment number of the microcomputer 81 of high price, realize the reduction of expense.
Simultaneously, in above embodiment, for the equipment position of microcomputer 81, though do not mention, preferably microcomputer 81 also is installed in rotary body or slide unit with sensor unit 22 or supports on the structure member of described slide unit.Can access sensor unit 22 and microcomputer 81 both sides are near each other and be configured in system equipment mode on the same structure member like this, the signal wire length that connects between sensor unit 22 and the microcomputer 81 can not become tediously long, so can prevent the generation of the unfavorable condition such as at random of signal wire.
In addition, can reduce influence, and improve credibility detection signal to the external disturbance of the signal transmission path between sensor unit 22 and the microcomputer 81.
(the 7th embodiment)
Figure 33 is the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of this 7th embodiment of expression.
The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 110 of the plant equipment of the 7th embodiment is that described microcomputer 81 and 22 lift-launchs of described sensor unit are installed on the structure member of described rolling bearing 21 on single equipment substrate and as single processing unit 112.For the control and treatment portion 40 of rolling bearing 21, microcomputer 81 and output judged result because can be the structure identical, so omit its explanation with the situation of the respective embodiments described above.In the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 110 of this structure, the installation of the surveillance of plant equipment 90 gets final product with the installation by single unit 112 relatively, can improve installation exercise.
In addition, in the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of plant equipment of the present invention, can be between sensor unit 22 and microcomputer 81 not by connections such as signal cables, but carry out the transmission of signal by radio communication.If like this, then with by the signal cable that is arranged on the equipment with slide unit compare to the situation that microcomputer 81 transmits the output of sensor unit 22, because the configuration degree of freedom height of microcomputer 81 and control and treatment portion is so the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of easier this plant equipment of configuration.
(the 8th embodiment)
Figure 34 (a) and Figure 34 (b) are the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression eighth embodiment of the invention.
The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 151 of the plant equipment of the 8th embodiment is, to the microcomputer of the CPU 152 that carry out calculation process be installed on the substrate (figure does not show), amplification circuit (Amp) 153, A/D change-over circuit (ADC) 154,155, external memory storage (RAM, ROM, ROM) 156,157,158, and communication is accommodated in the interior device of single housing (cabinet) 161A with the diagnosis unit 161 of circuit (LANIF, SCI) 159,160.Piezoelectric element 162, temperature sensor 163 and rotating pulse generator 164 are installed on the bearing 21 as sensor.
At the rotary body of bearing 21 (figure does not show) during by the injury region on the rail wheel (figure does not show), vibration acoustic signal or small AE (acoustic emission) signal that clacks during generation that at this moment piezoelectric element 162 catches wait and convert voltage or electric charge to.Voltage or electric charge by the prime amplifier (preposition amplification circuit) 165 that closely connects piezoelectric element 162 configuration by amplification 20～40dB degree, and the signal that enters in the housing 161A is converted into the voltage that matches with A/D converter 154 input boundaries by amplification circuit 153.Voltage signal Jie by 153 conversions of amplification circuit is imported in the A/D converter 154 by bandpass filter (BPF) 166, is imparted on the prescribed port of the microcomputer that contains CPU 152.A/D converter 154 is external high-precision a/d converters of sharpness 16bit.
Pass through the frequency of 1kHz～10kHz by the bandpass filter 166 of introducing the simulation band at the leading portion of A/D converter 154, thereby can prevent from the aliasing of the upper limiting frequency generation of low-frequency mechanical vibrations and A/D conversion.This filter function can be replaced digital filters such as LPD at the back segment of A/D conversion.In the CPU computing, though can carry out this pre-treatment filtering, be subjected to the influence of processing speed and program size, separately carry out.
The value of A/D conversion is to have composed the integer of symbol, and taking absolute value by the waveform to finite time obtains the full rate rectified waveform.Because the full rate rectified waveform is limited, carry out the FFT computing so carry out the influence at window processing reducing two ends.In the microcomputer that contains CPU 152,, can only come the fixed point arithmetic of computing by integer so use because there is not the floating point calculation unit.
The frequency distribution that obtains compares according to the high order of intensity and frequency by the envelope of the decay waveform of rotational speed and the decision of rotary body number.At this moment, use from being stored in the value of the speed that each parts of bearing in the external memory storage 157,158 and rotating pulse generator 164 obtain.
Behind the piezoelectric signal process amplification circuit (figure does not show) that temperature sensor 163 produces, be imported into A/D converter 155, and be given the prescribed port of the microcomputer that contains CPU 152.A/D converter 155 is external high-precision a/d converters of sharpness 10bit.Temperature sensor 163, rotating pulse generator 164 are set to the sample frequency lower than piezoelectric element 162.
Communication is used for each the consistent signal of damage frequency of serial transmitting-receiving and the foreign steamer of bearing 21, interior wheel, rotor, retainer with circuit 160.Carry out if closely then also can walk abreast.When communicating, also can get involved the application-specific integrated circuit that is used for add-on security is installed.
The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 151 of plant equipment also comprises: timer (TMUCNT) 169, direct memory access (DMA) controller (DMA) 170, interruptable controller (INTC) 171, D/A converter (DAC) 172 and active gain controller (Active Gain Controller:AGC) 173.D/A converter 172 is connected with connector and/or display 174 with diagnosis output.
The pulse number that 169 pairs of rotating pulse generators of timer 164 take place is counted the prescribed port of handling and passing to the microcomputer that contains CPU 152.
Diagnosis output is used in when the close diagnosis unit 161 of operating personnel with connector and/or display 174 or when mechanically diagnosis unit 161 being configured near operator, show or LCD drives and carries out liquid crystal panel and show by LED, perhaps utilize D/A output carrying out voice output etc.
In the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 151 of plant equipment, though the digitized operation of data of being undertaken by signal Processing all is to be undertaken by the microcomputer that contains CPU 152, handling procedure is written in the external memory storage 157,158 of peripheral hardware.In addition, because the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of plant equipment 151 uses one at least with respect to a cover unit of bearing 21, so also store each key element (each size, material, rotor number, lubricant, manufacturing date) of bearing 21 or each key element (frequency characteristic, sensitivity) of each sensor 162,163,164 in the external memory storage 157,158.
In addition, because as amplitude parameter, RMS, Peak, kurtosis, peak factor etc. write the address of the external memory storage 156 of regulation, so can be detected from the outside by communication function.
In the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 151 of plant equipment, the for example piezoelectric element 162 of detection of sound, elastic wave, ultrasonic, mechanical vibration, temperature sensor 163, rotating pulse generator 164 are installed on the bearing 21, after the signal process amplification digitizing that they produce, carry out calculation process by the microcomputer that contains CPU 152, the diagnosis unit 161 that can export operation result is incorporated in the single casing 161A.Thus, can not take bearing 21 apart with simple structure and monitor, and can check the defective of bearing 21 or unusual.Thus, can reduce the time of the machine of tearing open the assembling cost of bearing 21, simultaneously, realize preventing to follow the damage of the bearing 21 of tearing the machine assembling open and causing.In addition,, make it possible to precision and more diagnose on the highland, can find defective because of the visual examination under-enumeration because can precision effectively monitor well.In addition, by using small-sized sensor, microcomputer, IC, substrate distribution and can simplify diagnosis unit 161, so can also be installed on the various mechanical hook-ups on the bearing 21 except being installed in, and, because have communication function, so can flexibility pack in the various mechanical hook-ups, to the cost aspect reduce and strategy of Saving Energy has contribution.In addition, in diagnosis unit 161, have more than the signal of amplification from each sensor.For example transmit the function of pulse signal, and also can utilize the ultrasonic pulse echo method, the Metal Contact state between the slipping plane the when damage of the mechanical slipping plane when detection/diagnosis is static and running by possessing to piezoelectric element 162.
In addition, in the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 151 of plant equipment, can detect by piezoelectric element 162, temperature sensor 163, rotating pulse generator 164 in temperature, vibration displacement, vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, power, strain, sound equipment, acoustic emission, ultrasonic, the rotational speed more than one, so can monitor the state of bearing 21 reliably, can check simultaneously the defective of bearing 21 or unusual reliably.
In addition, in the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 151 of plant equipment, because in calculation process, use the microcomputer, amplification circuit 153, A/D translation circuit 154,155, external memory storage 156,157,158, communication circuit 159,160, timer 169, direct memory access (DMA) controller 170, interruptable controller 171, D/A converter 172 and the active gain controller 173 that contain CPU 152, by the combination of universal component, just can obtain the good device in cost aspect so need not client's customizations.
In addition, in the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 151 of plant equipment, with calculate because of the characteristic frequency that the characteristic parameter of standard deviation or peak factor is calculated, the defective of envelope detection, FFT, filtering, small echo, short time FFT and rotary body causes in more than one processing and relatively judge and can realize by digitized processing.Like this, but since precision well and effectively monitor, so can diagnose more accurately, can find the defective of omission in visual examination effectively.
(the 9th embodiment)
Figure 35 (a) and Figure 35 (b) are the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression the 9th embodiment of the present invention.
The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 181 of the plant equipment of the 9th embodiment is that the shock transducer 183 of piezoelectric ceramics bimorphization is accommodated in the casing 182A and this shock transducer 183, temperature sensor 163 one are configured in the device on the casing 182A, structure in addition is identical with the 8th embodiment, so the structure identical with the 8th embodiment marks identical label and omit its explanation.
Impact when the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 181 of plant equipment is caught bearing 21 faults.Usually, when bearing 21 faults, in the external memory storage 158 of intrinsic impact elasticity ripple, taken in the calculation of characteristic parameters formula, according to shock transducer 183, amplifilter 184, the external high-precision a/d converter of sharpness 10bit is the characteristic parameter of the waveform signal that is digitized of A/D converter 155 and rotational speed decision if there is dimension then to calculate the average of vibration values in advance, standard deviation (rms), maximal value, peak value (in ten big-and-middle values of absolute value average) etc., if zero dimension is then calculated waveform in advance, peak factor, impact index, distortion, the value of kurtosis etc.The data of the frequency band that obtains from the FFT computing by the microcomputer that contains CPU 152 are identical with the 7th embodiment about the defect inspection method of bearing 21.Simultaneously, if frequency band is if allow also can to make shock transducer 183, amplification filtering portion 184 integrated.
The data such as degree of containing of the defect characteristic frequency content power of each parts of the characteristic parameter crossover frequency of other frequency band, extreme frequencies, degree of irregularity, gyro frequency degree of containing, gyro frequency high frequency degree of containing and bearing 21 are registered in the external memory storage 156, upgrade with some cycles.
In the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 181 of plant equipment, diagnosis unit 182 removes the microcomputer that contains CPU 152 and also uses the Miniature Sensor identical with small-sized electronic part, constitute by short distribution, thereby can be accommodated in the housing 182A that saves the space, bearing 21 is checked/is diagnosed by packing into, so further realization miniaturization is because omitted the signal wire from the detecting device to the arithmetic processor and be embodied as the further reduction of this aspect.
(the tenth embodiment)
Figure 36 is the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the plant equipment of expression the tenth embodiment of the present invention.
The apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 191 of the plant equipment of the tenth embodiment is the device of arithmetic processing section combination DSP (the digital signal processing application specific processor that long-pending and computing in the time of can implementing filtering operation at a high speed and data move) 192.
It is the digital signal processing of carrying out digital filtering or being called FFT in DSP 192, and processing is in addition undertaken by the microcomputer that contains CPU 152, by coming to substitute the device of the 8th, the 9th embodiment like this.In addition,, also can not use DSP, and use PLD (programmable logic device) to constitute arithmetic processing section for realizing same purpose.
Simultaneously, in the above-described embodiment, diagnosis has N/R slide unit to be not limited to above-mentioned rolling bearing.Specifically, remove various rolling bearings, also be applicable to slide units such as sliding bearing.And then the structure member of ball-screw, line slideway isoline mechanism etc. also can be used as the slide unit of diagnosis object of the present invention.In addition, for the gear of rail truck or wheel etc., dismounting or very loaded down with trivial details time-consuming various large-scale rotary-type slide unit is installed can be as diagnosis object of the present invention.
In addition, in the respective embodiments described above, for the abnormality detection that makes apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality links together with the maintenance or the operation management of plant equipment apace, apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality itself in plant equipment has control and treatment portion, is used for feeding back to the controller to the action deformity control of the mechanism of the slide unit of described plant equipment the signal of corresponding judged result.But control and treatment portion also can be the independently equipment (device) that connects abnormity diagnosis portion.
(the 11 embodiment)
Then, the state monitoring apparatus to the plant equipment of the 11 embodiment of the present invention describes.Simultaneously, the part identical with the 5th embodiment marked same label, omit or the simple explanation of summarizing repetition.
As shown in figure 37, the rail truck equipment 210 as the plant equipment that is applicable to state monitoring apparatus 230 (with reference to Figure 38) comprises: as the rotary body of detected object thing and slide unit at least one multiple row taper roll bearing 211 and constitute the bearing housing 212 of rail truck with the part of truck.
Multiple row roller bearing 211 comprises: have in a couple of interior wheel guide pass 215,215 planar outside outer peripheral face tilts into circular cone and take turns 214,214, single foreign steamer 216 with a pair of foreign steamer orbital plane 217,217 planar in inner peripheral surface tilts coning, the rotor of configuration multiple row is a taper roller 218 between the foreign steamer orbital plane 217,217 of the inner track wheel road of interior wheel 214,214 face 215,215 and foreign steamer 216, rotation freely keeps the stamping-out retainer 219,219 of the ring-type of taper roller 218, and a pair of seal member 220,220.
Bearing housing 212 comprises: casing 221, be inlaid in protecgulum 222 on casing 221 leading sections, be inlaid in the bonnet 223 on the rear end part of casing 221 after being installed in foreign steamer 216 on the casing 221.
Axletree 224 is pressed on the interior wheel of multiple row taper roll bearing 221, foreign steamer 216 is chimeric with casing 221.The radially loading of various component weight of load etc. and axially loading arbitrarily on multiple row taper roll bearing 211, the top of foreign steamer 216 becomes the load circle.Here, the load circle is meant the zone to rotor carrying loading.
Casing 221 constitutes the side box body of rail truck with truck, forms the toroidal of the outer peripheral face that covers foreign steamer 216.Axial central portion at each row of the multiple row taper roll bearing 211 of the peripheral part of casing 221 is formed with a pair of recess 225,225.Recess 225,225 take in constitute state monitoring apparatus 230 parts have the sensor unit 22,22 of same structure with first embodiment.
Then, the state monitoring apparatus 230 to first embodiment describes.It is different with the 5th embodiment that state monitoring apparatus 230 just constitutes the processing of comparison judging part 252 of arithmetic processing section 250 by microcomputer, and the processing of detection handling part 20 and control and treatment portion 40 is identical with the abnormality monitoring apparatus of the 5th embodiment.That is, state monitoring apparatus 230 comprises: detect handling part 20,20, it comprise be separately positioned on multiple row taper roll bearing 211 respectively list, with the state of each row sensor unit 22,22 with electric signal output; Arithmetic processing section 250,250 is for the defective of judging rail truck equipment 210 or the electric signal that waits state that sensor unit 22,22 is exported are unusually carried out calculation process; And the control and treatment portion 40 of the judged result of control output arithmetic processing section 250,250.
In addition, be installed on the outer peripheral portion of casing 221 of load collar region of radially loading about the installation site of sensor unit 22.Therefore, when for example producing damage on the bearing track face, the impulsive force load circle that is produced during by its pars affecta when rotor is bigger than non-load circle, and the bearing load circle can sensitivity detect abnormal vibrations well.
In addition, sensor unit 22 so be not subjected to the installment state and surrounding environment (interference, moisture, the blast etc.) influence of sensor 22, can detect high-precision signal than (signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio)) owing to be installed on the recess 225 that is formed on the casing 221 with high SN.In addition, can pack into rotary body or slide unit etc. of sensor unit 22.
In addition, sensor unit 22 preferably by additional or implement waterproof, grease proofing, the function or the processing of putting dirt, antirust, protection against the tide and thermotolerance, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), has reduced the influence of disturbing.And then, because detect handling part 20,20, therefore there is no need to be provided with especially amplifier by built-in enlarging function, needn't worry to enter interference, so desirable especially from midway cable etc.
Arithmetic processing section 250,250 is used for judging the defective of plant equipment and unusual etc. state and carrying out calculation process from the electric signal that detects handling part 20,20 outputs, is implemented by microcomputer.Microcomputer is made of the IC chip that is equipped with CPU, MPU, DSP etc., storer etc.
Arithmetic processing section 250,250 comprises that as shown in figure 39 data accumulate dispenser 31, temperature analysis portion 32, pivot analysis portion 33, Filtering Processing portion 34, vibration analysis portion 35, relatively judging part 252 and internal data preservation portion 37, except comparing judging part 252, other all have and the first embodiment identical functions.
When data are accumulated dispenser 31 and had electric signal that reception sends from each detecting element and temporary transient storage, have collection and the distribution function of the kind of respective signal to each analysis portion 32,33,35 distributing signal.Various signals are converted digital signal by the unshowned A/D converter of figure by A/D being sent to before data accumulate dispenser 31, accumulate in the dispenser 31 by being sent to data after the unshowned amplifier amplification of figure.In addition, the order of A/D conversion and amplification can be exchanged.
The temperature of bearing 211 is calculated according to the output signal from the detecting element that detects temperature information J2 by temperature analysis portion 32, and the temperature of calculating is sent in the comparison judging part 252.Analysis portion 32 for example has the temperature conversion table of corresponding detecting element characteristic, calculates temperature data according to the level of detection signal.
Usually, the rotation because of bearing causes that the unusual frequency band that generates vibration depends on the size of bearing, the quantity of rotor etc. and determines.The relation of the abnormal vibrations frequency that the defective of each parts of bearing and each parts produce, as shown in Figure 4.In frequency analysis, corresponding sampling time decision can be carried out the maximum frequency (Nyquist frequency) of Fourier transform, and the above frequency of Nyquist frequency preferably is not contained in the vibration signal.Therefore, in the present embodiment, accumulate between dispenser 31 and the vibration analysis portion 35 in data Filtering Processing portion 34 is set, the frequency by Filtering Processing portion 34 leaches regulation transmits the vibration signal that only contains the frequency band that leaches to vibration analysis portion 35.In rail truck, when with the low speed rotation axletree, for example, can only extract the following frequency content of 1kHz.
In addition, in Figure 39, though show temperature analysis portion 32, pivot analysis portion 33, vibration analysis portion 35, analysis portion also can the corresponding information that is detected by each detecting element of sensor unit 22 be provided with.
Relatively judging part 252 is at each very first time t
1Interior have the information of N/R diagnosis benchmark to compare contrast to result and the bearing of being analyzed by temperature analysis portion 32, pivot analysis portion 33, vibration analysis portion 35, and the diagnosis bearing has no abnormal.In addition, relatively judging part 252 will be at each very first time t
1The temporary transient diagnostic result of comparative control transmits and preserves to internal data preservation portion 37.
And then, when relatively judging part 252 has carried out the above-mentioned comparative control of stipulated number, perhaps passed through than very first time t
1The second long time t
2, then according to the temporary transient diagnostic result that is kept in the internal data preservation portion 37, be threshold value when above when temporarily being diagnosed as unusual number of times, comprehensive evaluation be unusual, diagnoses bearing that no abnormal and unusual position is arranged.In addition, comprehensive evaluation can be differentiated unusual degree by temporarily being judged as unusual number of times, thereby judges have no abnormal and the position.
Specifically, compare judging part 252 at each very first time t
1The frequency spectrum of the vibration that vibration analysis portion 35 is tried to achieve compares contrast with the reference value that is kept in the internal data preservation portion 37, and whether temporary transient diagnosis produces abnormal vibrations.Here, reference value is that the actuating signal according to plant equipment is the abrasion of the rotational speed signal of the frequency signal bearing privileged site of calculating and the data value of the damaged frequency content that causes.
As the disposal route of the temporary transient diagnosis of the vibration information that carries out according to judging part 252 relatively, can use that the arbitrary of method handles shown in above-mentioned (1)～(3) and (5)～(6).
Relatively judging part 252 uses the method for (1)～(3) and (5)～(6) at each very first time t
1Compare contrast, will temporarily diagnose N/R result in internal data preservation portion 37, to transmit and preserve.In addition, when relatively 252 pairs of above-mentioned comparative control of judging part have been carried out stipulated number, perhaps, passed through than very first time t
1The second long time t
2, then according to the temporary transient diagnostic result that is kept in the internal data preservation portion 37, be threshold value when above when temporarily being diagnosed as unusual number of times, comprehensive evaluation be unusual, diagnoses bearing that no abnormal and unusual position is arranged.
In addition, the result of the comparison judging part 252 of each detected object can be stored in the storage mediums such as storer or HDD, also the result can be transmitted to control and treatment portion 60.
Control and treatment portion 40 comprises as the efferent as a result 42 of the display device of analysis result that shows arithmetic processing section 250,250 with the regulation display mode or judged result and the corresponding relatively control part 41 of the control signal of the judged result of judging part 252 of control system feedback of action of driving mechanism of the vehicle of bearing 211 is installed to control.
In addition, as long as no matter the reliable receiving and transmitting signal of the transmission that detects the signal between handling part 20, arithmetic processing section 250, the control and treatment portion 40 is wired or the wireless of internet can.
Then, with reference to Figure 40 the diagnostic process of the state monitoring method of present embodiment is described.
At first, the counter in the initialization microcomputer is n=0 (step S601), begins diagnosis.To be input to (step S602) in the micro computer computing machine by the signals such as acoustical vibration that produce from rail truck equipment 210 that sensor detected that detect handling part 20.The signal that produces from rail truck equipment 210 is transformed into digital signal (step S603) by A/D converter, and digital signal is carried out amplification by amplifier and handled (step S604).After carrying out the amplification processing, the value that makes counter is n=n+1 (step S605).Then, carry out Filtering Processing (step S606), remove interference component or extract specific frequency content by the digital signal of 34 pairs of amplification of Filtering Processing portion.
Then, digital signal after the Filtering Processing is sent to the dissection process (step S607, step S608) that vibration analysis portion 35 carries out envelope processing, frequency analysis etc., obtains according to the frequency content of embodiment from the measured data of the signal of rail truck equipment 210 detections.On the other hand, go out the rotational speed signal (step S609) of railway vehicle arrangement 210 by the sensor that detects handling part 20, according to the rotational speed signal theoretic frequency composition (step S610) that to calculate reference value be rail truck causes with the damage of equipment 210.Arbitrary according to above-mentioned (1)～(3) and (5)～(6), compare (step S611) by judging part 252 relatively with the theoretic frequency composition that step S610 calculates at each very first time t1, unusual the having or not temporarily of the privileged site of rail truck equipment diagnosed.Its result is stored in internal data preservation portion 37 (step S612) with each count value n.
Then, count value n and stipulated number N be (step S613) relatively, when count value n than stipulated number N hour, return step S602, the processing of repeating step S602～S612.When count value n becomes the result that stipulated number N uses N preservation when above, in temporary transient diagnosis, be judged as unusual number of times and be threshold value and be evaluated as unusual (being called comprehensive evaluation), unusual the having or not and position (step S614) of diagnosis rail truck equipment 210 when above.Then, preserve this diagnostic result or to 40 transmissions of control and treatment portion, show diagnostic result (step S615) or carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL that end is diagnosed by control part 41.
Therefore, in the state monitoring method of present embodiment, owing to sail the comprehensive evaluation of coming having or not of diagnosing abnormal and position thereof with a plurality of comparative control results, so outstanding interference etc. are little to the diagnosis influence, so can carry out the good supervision of precision effectively.
In addition, in the present embodiment, at each very first time t
1The comparative control frequency content is so can use than very first time t in comprehensive evaluation
1The long second time t arbitrarily
2Estimate and replace stipulated number arbitrarily.
And then the amplification that the state monitoring method by present embodiment carries out is handled or Filtering Processing is arbitrarily, carries out as required.
And, as modified embodiment of the present embodiment, in the step S614 of Figure 40, temporarily be diagnosed as unusual number of times and threshold and judge unusual having or not and the comprehensive evaluation at position, but also can replace it, adopt by being judged as unusual number of times and differentiate the comprehensive evaluation of degree of injury and carry out status surveillance.Thus, can not stop plant equipment etc., the maintenance of planning at once.
In the present embodiment, the multiple row taper roll bearing of rail truck equipment is carried out status surveillance, also be applicable to other plant equipment such as work mechanism or windmill.
In addition, using rolling bearing is that the multiple row taper roll bearing is as rotary body or slide unit, still except that also being suitable for state monitoring method and device in the also applicable ball-screw of rolling bearing, line slideway, the linear ball bearing etc.At this moment, use is to use rotational speed signal under the situation of rolling bearing or ball-screw etc. at rotary body in the actuating signal of the plant equipment that the reference value that is used for comparative control is calculated, and at slide unit is to use translational speed under the situation of line slideway or linear ball bearing etc.
And then, state monitoring method and device unusual has or not if having comprise that at least one the detecting device of selecting at least of detecting element just can resolve from sound, temperature, vibration, rotational speed, strain, AE, translational speed, but preferably uses the detecting element of a detection sound, vibration, AE to resolve at least.In addition, it is desirable using vibration information to resolve utilizing abnormal data storehouse this point in the past.But, want when the initial stage that trickle slight crack produces detects unusual situation or replace vibration information to use AE information in the detection inherent vice, to be suitable for.Temperature information is to be used for abnormality diagnosticly with vibration information and AE message block are incompatible, and situation effect than independent use is big on the one hand for this.
(the 12 embodiment)
Then, the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality to the plant equipment of the 12 embodiment of the present invention describes.Simultaneously, the part identical with first embodiment marks same label, omits or summarize the explanation that repeats.
Figure 41 is that the plant equipment of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 310 of suitable the 12 embodiment of the present invention is the figure of the bearing housing 301 of bearing unit for railway carriages.Bearing housing 301 is installed in the mode of the end of the axletree of covering rail truck, is situated between and is kept the axletree of rail truck by built-in bearing (not illustrating) with rotating freely in Figure 41.In addition, in the bearing housing 301, the lid 302 of the end of the axletree of covering rail truck is installed on the casing 303.
Bearing housing 301 is situated between fixing by four bolts 304 that are arranged on four jiaos by casing 303.In addition, be provided for measuring the hole of bearing temperature in the side of casing 303, this hole is by bolt 305 fillings.In the present embodiment, the sensor unit 22 of above-mentioned detection handling part 20 is installed on the end face of this bolt 304 or bolt 305, is detected the signal that produces from the bearing of bearing housing inside by each detecting element in this sensor unit 22.
Figure 42 is to use the integrally-built figure of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 310 of the sensor unit 22 of embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 42, in the inside of bearing housing 301 rolling bearing 306 is installed.Rolling bearing 306 be on being embedded in casing 303 foreign steamer 307 and outside be embedded in the bearing of the rotor 309 that configuration between the interior wheel 308 on the axletree of rail truck is made of a plurality of balls or roller.Thereby bearing housing 301 Jie are rotated the axletree that the free earth's axis is propped up rail truck by rolling bearing 306.
As shown in figure 42, be installed on the end face of casing 303 lip-deep bolts 304,305 sensor unit 22 is installed.Sensor unit 22 is set on the end face of bearing housing fixed-use bolt 304 and gets final product, but also can form the structure on the end face that is arranged on the bolt 305 that clogs the hole that temperature detection uses as described above.Usually, this bolt 305 is given to each built-in rolling bearing 306, for example, when being multirow bearing, can select for example row of wheel side of installation position according to purpose, the row of motor-side, in the middle of it etc., but consider the convenience of installation, bolt 305 is installed in wheel side, and the structure that sensor unit 22 is set on the end face of this bolt 305 is desirable.In addition, sensor unit 22 can not be installed in the end face of bolt 305 and be mounted in the side or the inside in the hole that clogs this bolt 305.
The installation of sensor unit 22 and bolt 304,305 does not preferably have shakiness or lax etc. being fixed.Specifically, from tighten by bolt, bonding, magnet, chimeric, molded and with integrated etc. the method for bolt installation method that to consider the selections such as characteristic of operating condition, mounting condition, sensor suitable install.
In addition, when the installation position of sensor unit 22 was in many interference regions, preferably sensor 22 was installed with the ground that insulate on every side.By with sensor from insulation on every side, thereby reduce to disturb, realize the raising of SN ratio.
And, identical in order to detect with first embodiment with high SN ratio, preferably sensor unit 22 is installed on the load circle of the rolling bearing 306 shown in the A1 of Fig. 5.If go up sensor installation unit 22 at the position of bearing load (load circle), then can sensitivity detect signal well, measure more accurately.
In addition, when not having the space of sensor installation on load circle, or configuration carries out Filtering Processing when having to be installed on the non-load circle can produce the high-tension cable of interference the time etc., improves the detection sensitivity of signal.
In addition, sensor unit 22 has and the employed identical structure of first embodiment, function.In addition, arithmetic processing section 30 as shown in figure 24, control and treatment portion 40 also have and the employed identical structure of first embodiment, function.
More than, apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 310 according to present embodiment, it comprises: be fixed on the end face of the bolt 304,305 on the casing 303 of bearing housing 301 that the rotary body that is screwed in the supporting rail truck is a rolling bearing 306, by having the detection handling part 20 that the signal that will produce from rolling bearing 306 sensor unit 22 with the detecting element of electric signal output constitutes; Carry out the abnormality diagnostic arithmetic processing section 30 of bearing arrangement according to the output of sensor unit 22; And the control and treatment portion 40 that control signal is fed back to the control system of rail truck according to the judged result of arithmetic processing section 30.
Specifically, arithmetic processing section 30 is identical with first embodiment, and it comprises: storage is accumulated dispenser 31 from the electric signal that detects handling part 20 according to the data that the kind of described signal is suitably distributed to dispense path; Calculate each analysis portion 32,33,35 of regulation physical quantity of the rail truck of relevant mechanical hook-up according to accumulate electric signal that dispenser 31 distributes from data; Preservation is about the internal data preservation portion 37 of the first data preservation portion of the mechanical hook-up data of mechanical hook-up; The described physical quantity that each analysis portion is calculated compares with the described mechanical hook-up data that are kept at described internal data preservation portion, carries out the abnormality diagnostic relatively judging part 36 of described mechanical hook-up; The analysis result and the described relatively described abnormality diagnostic result's of judging part the second data preservation portion that preserve described analysis portion are that data are accumulated efferent 38.
According to this apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 310, because the physical message of using sensor unit 22 to collect relevant rolling bearing 306, diagnose the unusual of rolling bearing 306 according to this physical message, control, so can not take the defective that bearing housing 301 detects rolling bearing 306 apart.Thus, reduced the time that the machine of tearing open the assembling of bearing housing 301 is spent, and can prevent to follow and tear the damage of machine assembling open rolling bearing 306 and bearing housing 301.In addition, in the present embodiment, because diagnose, so can find the defective that visual detection may under-enumeration by apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 310 benchmark according to the rules.
In addition, according to present embodiment, sensor unit 22 is fixed on the bolt 304,305, so the even surface of sensor installation unit 22 usefulness there is no need specially to be installed on the bearing housing 301.Therefore, need not carry out any improvement to bearing housing 301 just can sensor installation unit 22.Therefore, do not spend time and just the sensor unit 22 of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 310 can be installed in and carry out abnormity diagnosis on the bearing housing 301.
In addition, though be that rolling bearing with the bearing housing inside of rail truck is that example describes in the present embodiment, but be not limited to this, also can use other rotary part (gear, vehicle body), windmill, speed reduction unit, motor, ball-screw and line slideway etc. of rail truck.
In addition, arithmetic processing section 30 also can have the function of the arithmetic processing section that the microcomputer 250 by the 11 embodiment carries out.
In addition, as shown in figure 43, the arithmetic processing section 30 of the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality 310 of present embodiment can be made of monolithic or the one board microcomputer 81 shown in the 5th～the tenth embodiment, also can be made of the IC chip.And control and treatment portion 40 also can be made of monolithic or one board microcomputer or IC chip.In addition, also can be to have function integration microcomputer-equipped on mechanical hook-ups such as vehicle of arithmetic processing section 30 and control and treatment portion 40.
In addition, as shown in figure 44, fall control and treatment portion 40 and be placed on the ground, carry out radio communication being arranged at the transceiver 370 on the vehicle and being arranged between the transceiver 380 of circuit on along the line from vehicle.At this moment, the function that is equivalent to control and treatment portion 40 for example can be configured in and be arranged at information processing centre on the ground.This information processing centre is for example from being arranged on the microcomputer 81 difference collection information on a plurality of vehicles, a plurality of vehicles of unified centralized management.At this moment, in the data that from each vehicle, send, add ID numbering etc., thereby can discern the information of each vehicle.In addition, equally also can between sensor unit 22 and microcomputer 81, carry out radio communication.
Therefore, can be by wireless handling part 20 and the arithmetic processing section 30 of detecting, the perhaps signal transmission between arithmetic processing section 30 and the control and treatment portion 40.
(the 13 embodiment)
Then, the bearing arrangement to the 13 embodiment of the present invention describes.As shown in figure 45, the bearing arrangement 410 of the 13 embodiment of the present invention comprises: multiple row taper roll bearing 411, the formation rail truck bearing housing 412 and the abnormality detection parts 413 of the part of truck.
Multiple row taper roll bearing 411 comprises: be inclined in a couple of inner track wheel road face 415,415 of circular cone outside shape and take turns 414,414 having outer surface; Has the single foreign steamer 416 that tilts into a pair of foreign steamer orbital plane 417,417 of circular cone interior shape in interior perimeter surface; Rotor with the multiple row configuration between the foreign steamer orbital plane 417,417 of the inner track wheel road of interior wheel 414,414 face 415,415 and foreign steamer 416 is a taper roller 418; Rotation freely keeps the stamping-out retainer 419,419 of the ring-type of taper roller 418; And a pair of seal member 420,420.
The radially loading of the weight etc. of the various parts of load and axially loading arbitrarily on this taper roll bearing 411, the upper section of foreign steamer 416 constitutes the bearing load circle.
Bearing housing 412 comprises: axletree end component 421, casing 422, lid 423 and cover 424.
Wheel liner 425 between interior wheel 414,414, disposing.In addition, wheel liner 426,426 in axial two outsides of interior wheel 414,414 dispose.On interior wheel 414,414, interior wheel liner 425,426,426, be embedded with axletree 401.Moving axially of inner track wheel road face 415, the 415 restriction taper rollers 418 of interior wheel 414,414.
The foreign steamer orbital plane 417,417 of foreign steamer 416, the inner track wheel road face 415,415 and the taper roller 418 of interior wheel 414,414, the summit on the extended line of circular conical surface separately concentrates on a bit setting on the axis.
A seal member 420 of the leading section one side configuration of the axletree 401 in seal member 420,420 is installed between the outboard end and axletree end component 421 of foreign steamer 416.
Be installed in the outboard end of foreign steamer 416 and cover between 424 at another seal member 420 of the reverse leading section side configuration of axletree 401.
Axletree end component 421 covers the interior wheel liner 426 on the leading section that is disposed at axletree 401 by being fixed on the leading section that bolt 401a is screwed in axletree 401.Axletree end component 421 is with axletree 401 rotations.
Casing 422 constitutes the side frame body of rail truck with truck, forms toroidal, covers the outer surface of foreign steamer 416, a pair of prominent wall 422a in being darted on the perimeter surface, the both side ends that 422a is entrenched in foreign steamer 416.Axial central portion at the multiple row taper roll bearing 411 of the outer surface of casing 422 is formed with the recess 422b that the abnormality detection parts are taken in usefulness, is formed with tabular surface 422c in the bottom of recess 422b.
Lid 423 is inlaid in the leading section of casing 422.Cover 424 is installed in and makes the seal member 420 that covers opposite side in the reverse leading section side of axletree 401 between the end of casing 422 and the axletree 401.
Abnormality detection parts 413 are combined type transes that temperature sensor 427 and vibration transducer 428 are wholely set.Temperature sensor 427 is non-contact type temperature measuring elements of thermally sensitive temperature measuring element or platinum temperature detecting resistance body or thermoelectric equity.Vibration transducer 428 is vibration measurement elements such as piezoelectric element.
In addition, abnormality detection parts 413, by make temperature sensor 427 and vibration transducer 428 along bearing shaft to side by side and in the recess 422b of casing 422, carry out resin molded, thereby temperature sensor 427 and vibration transducer 428 are integrally formed in the casing 429 and be installed on the load circle at the bearing width central portion of casing 422 and multiple row taper roll bearing 411.Molded dose that uses in resin molded is water proofing property, thermotolerance, insulativity excellent material.
As shown in figure 46, in first method of the signal Processing of abnormal detector 413, the vibration digital signal that temperature digital signal that temperature sensor 427 produces and vibration transducer 428 produce is situated between and is input in the comparer 431 by signal transfer member 430.In comparer 431, will compare from temperature sensor 427 temperature digital signal value that obtains and the predefined temperature threshold that is kept at threshold setting portion 432.To compare from vibration transducer 428 vibration digital signal value that obtains and the vibration threshold that is kept at threshold setting portion 432 simultaneously.That is, the unusual of at least one that select from temperature sensor 427 and vibration transducer 428 detects by abnormality detection parts 413.At this moment, when the temperature digital signal value surpassed temperature threshold, unusual judging part 433 output temperatures were judged signal, judged result efferent 434 output temperature abnormality alarms unusually.
In addition, when the vibration digital signal value exceeded vibration threshold, unusual judging part 433 output abnormal vibrations were judged signal, the alarm of judged result efferent 434 output abnormal vibrations.Alarm sends action by wired or wireless.At this moment, be kept at temperature threshold and vibration threshold in the threshold setting portion 432, the temperature disturbance of unusual judging part 433 outputs judges that unusually signal can be virtual value or the crest value in the time arbitrarily.
As shown in figure 47, in second method of the signal Processing of abnormal detector 413, the vibration digital signal that vibration transducer 428 produces only extracts arbitrarily frequency band after by amplification and removes frequency band not and to 436 inputs of envelope processor in filter part 435.In the envelope processor 436, carry out the absolute value detection of the absolute value of waveform detection and handle, in wave form analysis portion 437, carry out the analyzing and processing of frequency thereafter, the measured value data are transmitted to comparative control portion 438.
On the other hand, the calculated value data of the frequency content that will set as the frequency content that eccentric wear of bearing, gear, wheel etc. causes unusually according to rotating speed data 439 theoretic frequency count section 440 are sent to comparative control portion 438.Then, comparative control portion 438 is by comparing measured value data and calculated value data, thus carry out unusual having or not, unusual position determine that efferent 441 carries out the output that has or not, determines the position of abnormal vibration as a result.Information to efferent 441 as a result transmits by wired or wireless carrying out.
In second method of signal Processing, can be for example according to the calculating and the comparative control of carrying out frequency content from the rotating speed data of detections such as motor with each key element of design of rotating the key element parts at an easy rate.In addition, the vibration numeral Signal Processing after the amplification is because carry out various data processing and computing, so for example can both realize by computer or special-purpose microplate etc.And, be incorporated in save sets such as storer when detected signal after, carry out calculation process.
In addition, owing to utilize machinery to carry out needing to spend time in the replacing of bearing, can not machinery be stopped.At this moment, the also degree of the with good grounds damage situation of carrying out the replacing of bearing.Judgment standard as this moment for example can use virtual value, maximal value, the peak factor of vibration to preestablishing the reference value of getting off.
In addition, carry out abnormality diagnostic disposal route, can use the method shown in above-mentioned (1)～(6) as vibration information according to as shown in figure 47 comparative control portion 438.
Bearing arrangement 410 according to the 13 embodiment, by on the load circle of bearing housing 412, specifically, carry out resin molded in the recess 422b that on the casing 422 of the bearing housing 412 of the outer surface that covers foreign steamer 416, forms, thereby integrally formed temperature sensor 427 and vibration transducer 428 in single casing 429, detecting by abnormality detection parts 413 unusually of at least one that from temperature sensor 427 and vibration transducer 428, select, thereby detect the vibration or the temperature information of the rotation status of accompanying rotation parts simultaneously, so need not take the device that rotary part is installed apart, under the real-world operation state, just can detect the defective of a plurality of parts simultaneously.
That is, the abnormality detection parts can be arranged on the load circle of bearing housing, in addition, preferably are fixed on the par of a part on the surface, load circle side outer ring that is arranged at bearing housing.In the present embodiment, buried underground when being fixed in the recess that is formed on the bearing housing when the abnormality detection parts, install in the gap between best molded abnormality detection parts and the recess.In addition, can be configured in the outer diameter part of the load circle of bearing housing be the bearing width central portion to the abnormality detection parts.
And then in the present embodiment, the housing of abnormality detection parts has the signal transfer member that is used to send detected signal, also has according to being situated between to judge that by the signal of signal transfer member transmission judged result efferent no abnormal and output is arranged.
In addition, in according to the inspection of vibration information,, following part implements: promptly by being set, remove Filtering Processing portion from the frequency band of not wanting in the vibrational waveform of vibration transducer, the envelope handling part that the absolute value through filtered waveform that transmits from described Filtering Processing portion is carried out detection, analysis is from the frequency analysis portion of the frequency of the waveform of described envelope handling part transmission, to the frequency that causes because of damage calculated according to rotational speed and the comparing section that compares according to the frequency of measured data, have no abnormal according to the comparative result of described comparative control portion, the efferent of determining as a result at unusual position.
Therefore, can not take bearing 410 apart and under normally used state, judge unusually.Thus, reduce the loaded down with trivial details frequency of taking the operation that re-assemblies again apart, reduce the cost of maintenance management significantly.In addition, and compare, can not judge and produce deviation, can improve tremendously and have or not abnormality diagnostic reliability because of supervisory personnel's skill level and individual difference make by existing visual examination.
(the 14 embodiment)
Then, according to Figure 48 the bearing arrangement of the 14 embodiment of the present invention is described.Simultaneously, mark same label and omit or summarize the explanation that repeats for the part identical with the 13 embodiment.
As shown in figure 48, the bearing arrangement 450 of present embodiment is temperature sensor 427 and vibration transducer 428 integrally formed abnormal detectors 413 in housing 429 to be situated between be fixed on device in the recess 422b on the outer surface that is formed at casing 422 by liner 451.
Liner 451 is made by the metal identical with the temperature characterisitic of casing 422 and natural vibration characteristic, and bolt 453,453 is inserted the cams 452 that lead at the peripheral part that is configured in casing 422, is fixed by being screwed into casing 422.
At this moment, abnormality detection parts 413 can unload from casing 422 together with liner 451, so when being necessary to change temperature sensor 427 or vibration transducer 428, only need take off bolt 453,453, just can the not expensive time change operation.In the bearing arrangement 450 of the 14 embodiment, carry out the signal Processing identical with first embodiment.
(the 15 embodiment)
Then, according to Figure 49 the bearing arrangement of the 15 embodiment of the present invention is described.Simultaneously, mark same label and omit or summarize the explanation that repeats for the part identical with the 13 embodiment.
As shown in figure 49, bearing arrangement 460 for present embodiment, be formed with a pair of recess 422d, the 422d that the abnormality detection parts are taken in usefulness on the position of the central portion of the width regions of the inner track wheel road face 415,415 of the corresponding multiple row taper roll bearing 411 of the outer surface of casing 422, resin molding temperature sensor 427 and vibration transducer 428 are integrally formed in first, second abnormality detection parts 461,462 in the casing 429 on recess 422d, 422d.
Recess 422d, 422d are configured to the width regions central portion of corresponding foreign steamer orbital plane 417,417.
At this moment, first, second abnormality detection parts 461,462 rotate position contacting near taper roller 418 and inside and outside wheel track face 415,415,417,417, so detection sensitivity is better, can foreshortens to and produce the time that the abnormal signal when unusual produces.The bearing arrangement 460 of the 15 embodiment also carries out the signal Processing identical with the 13 embodiment.
Simultaneously, the abnormality detection parts of integrally formed temperature sensor and vibration transducer can be directly installed on the load circle on the outer surface of casing, at this moment, also can on the part of casing outer peripheral face, form the par, be installed on this par.And, preferably carry out the signal Processing identical with each embodiment.In addition, as present embodiment, the load circle outer diameter part that the abnormality detection parts can be configured in bearing housing is in the width regions of inner track wheel road face or foreign steamer orbital plane.
In addition, as the bearing that is used for bearing arrangement, can use the combination or the barrel roller bearing of barrel roller bearing and single-row radial ball bearing, perhaps taper roll bearing or self-aligning roller bearing.
Simultaneously, the state monitoring method of plant equipment of the present invention and device and apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality are not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, can be suitable distortion, improvement etc.In addition, the present invention can make up each embodiment and uses in the scope that can implement.Simultaneously, plant equipment of the present invention is to contain rail truck equipment, work mechanism, windmill, speed reduction unit, motor etc., gets final product so long as contain at least one any device of rotary body or slide unit.In addition, rotary body of the present invention or slide unit comprise rolling bearing, sliding bearing, ball-screw, line slideway, linear ball bearing and other rotary part (gear, wheel itself) etc.
Though at length the present invention will be described with reference to specific embodiment, can carry out various changes or correction without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, this is obvious for a person skilled in the art.
The application's reference:
The Japanese patent application of application on August 30th, 2002 (special hope 2002-252877);
The Japanese patent application of application on November 21st, 2002 (special hope 2002-338423);
The Japanese patent application of application on Dec 20th, 2002 (special hope 2002-370800);
The Japanese patent application of application on January 17th, 2003 (special hope 2003-010131);
The Japanese patent application of application on February 25th, 2003 (special hope 2003-048309);
The Japanese patent application of application on June 26th, 2003 (special hope 2003-182996);
The Japanese patent application of application on August 28th, 2003 (special hope 2003-304700).
Its content is here drawn as reference.
Utilizability on the industry
The invention provides a kind of apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of high accuracy mechanical equipment, the sort of loaded down with trivial details device of machine of tearing open of plant equipment of rail truck equipment, work mechanism or windmill etc. is not torn open machine, only keep common user mode just can judge having no abnormal, by can reducing the maintenance management expense like this, and influence such as be difficult to be interfered.
Claims (60)
1. apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, the axletree of its diagnosis rail truck has no abnormal with bearing arrangement, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The signal that will produce from described bearing arrangement is as the detection handling part of electric signal output,
Output according to described detection handling part is carried out abnormality diagnostic arithmetic processing section to described bearing arrangement,
Export the efferent as a result of the judged result of described arithmetic processing section, and
According to the control and treatment portion of described judged result to the control system feedback control signal of described rail truck.
2. apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described arithmetic processing section comprises:
Storage is from the described electric signal of described detection handling part, and accumulates dispenser according to the data that the kind of described signal is distributed to suitable distribution channels;
Calculate analysis portion according to accumulate electric signal that dispenser distributes from described data about the regulation physical quantity of described bearing arrangement;
Preserve the first data preservation portion of the bearing arrangement data of relevant described bearing arrangement;
Analysis result to described analysis portion compares with reference to the abnormality diagnostic relatively judgment part of carrying out described bearing arrangement with the described bearing arrangement data that are kept in the described first data preservation portion; And
Preserve the analysis result and the described relatively second data preservation portion of judgment result of described analysis portion.
3. apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described analysis portion comprises: removes the interference component of the electric signal that transmits from described arithmetic processing section or extracts the go forward side by side Filtering Processing portion of line output of specific frequency content, and
The frequency analysis portion that signal from the output of described Filtering Processing portion is carried out frequency analysis; Wherein,
Described relatively judging part comes described bearing arrangement is carried out abnormity diagnosis according to the frequency analysis result of described frequency analysis portion.
4. as claim 2 or the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of claim 3, it is characterized in that described analysis portion has the temperature analysis portion of calculating described bearing arrangement temperature according to the signal of accumulating dispenser output from described data,
Described relatively judging part comes described bearing arrangement is carried out abnormity diagnosis according to the described temperature that described temperature analysis portion calculates.
5. as any one described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of claim 2 to 3, it is characterized in that,
Described analysis portion has the pivot analysis portion of calculating the rotational speed of described bearing arrangement according to the signal of accumulating dispenser output from described data,
Described relatively judging part carries out abnormity diagnosis according to the described rotational speed that described pivot analysis portion calculates to described bearing arrangement.
6. as any one described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
The data that the corresponding described abnormity diagnosis result of described arithmetic processing section will be stored in the described second data preservation portion in are exported to described control and treatment portion.
7. as any one described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
Described Filtering Processing portion only extracts the following frequency content of 1kHz.
8. as any one described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
The detecting element of described detection handling part is configured on the load circle as the stationary part of described bearing arrangement.
9. as any one described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
Described data are accumulated dispenser does not contain electric signal from the interference component more than the prescribed level to described analysis portion output.
10. as any one described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part by will by the frequency that causes unusually with and High-frequency water is flat relatively comes described bearing arrangement is carried out abnormity diagnosis with reference value.
11. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part, when the unusual frequency of correspondence with and at least one of high-frequency peak value be judged as when bigger unusual than specified reference value.
12. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part according to the unusual frequency of expression with and high-frequency peak value infer the degree of injury of described bearing arrangement.
13. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part carries out abnormality diagnostic judgement by relatively representing unusual frequency and its high-frequency level.
14. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part carries out abnormity diagnosis according to the mean square value or the local integral value that contain the frequency band of representing abnormal frequency.
15. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Described relatively judging part carries out abnormity diagnosis by frequency spectrum is carried out the cepstrum analysis of spectrum.
16. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Be situated between respectively between described detection handling part and the described calculation process and between described arithmetic processing section and the described control and treatment portion discharge water by having, the cable of grease proofing, dustproof, antirust, moisture-proof function and heat-resisting, anti-electricity, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) carries out the signal transmission.
17. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Have wireless communication machine respectively between described detection handling part and the described arithmetic processing section and between described arithmetic processing section and the described control and treatment portion, be situated between and carry out wireless signal transfer by described wireless communication machine.
18. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Carry out the signal transmission by having waterproof, grease proofing, dustproof, antirust, moisture-proof function and cable heat-resisting, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI) being situated between respectively between described detection handling part and the described calculation process and between described arithmetic processing section and the described control and treatment portion, perhaps being situated between is communicated by wireless communication machine.
19. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that, carries out abnormity diagnosis in real time.
20. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that,
Other times when being different from vehicle ' carry out abnormity diagnosis to the data that are stored in described data and accumulate in the dispenser.
21. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that, diagnoses the bearing of described bearing arrangement to have no abnormal and produces the position unusually.
22. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that, the planar portions of diagnosis wheel.
23. any one the described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 1 to 3 is characterized in that, diagnoses the gear of described bearing arrangement to have no abnormal and produces the position unusually.
24. an apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality is the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality with plant equipment of rotary body, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Sensor unit with sensor in the component parts that is assembled in described rotary body, the physical quantity when detecting described rotary body spinning movement,
Analyze the output signal of described sensor unit and the reference data of analysis result and regulation compared and judge that described rotary body has N/R arithmetic processing section, and
Show the described analysis result of described arithmetic processing section and described arithmetic processing section judged result, and corresponding described judged result control the control and treatment portion of the action of described plant equipment.
25. apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit comprises the output amplification parts of the described output signal of the described sensor of amplification.
26. as claim 24 or 25 described apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality, it is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit comprises the wireless communication unit to the described output signal of the wireless transmission of described arithmetic processing section.
27. apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section and control and treatment portion are located at the supervision of leaving described rotary body and use the base station.
28. apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit is installed on the bearing of rail truck,
Described sensor unit is diagnosed the unusual of described bearing.
29. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of a machinery and equipment, the slide unit of its detection plant equipment or rotary body have no abnormal, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Has the sensor unit that one or more detects the detecting element of the signal that sends from described plant equipment;
Judge that according to the output of described detecting element described plant equipment has the arithmetic processing section of N/R calculation process,
Described arithmetic processing section is made of microcomputer.
30. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of plant equipment as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit pack into described slide unit or rotary body.
31. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of plant equipment as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that,
Described microcomputer is installed in described rotary body or slide unit or supports on the mechanism components of described rotary body or slide unit.
32. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of plant equipment as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that,
Described microcomputer and described sensor unit are carried on single equipment substrate, be attached to described rotary body or slide unit or support on the structural portion product of described slide unit as single processing unit dress.
33. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as any described plant equipment of claim 29 to 32 is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section is incorporated in the single cabinet.
34. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of plant equipment as claimed in claim 33 is characterized in that,
Described sensor unit is configured in the described cabinet integratedly.
35. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as any one described plant equipment of claim 29 to 32 is characterized in that,
Described detecting element can detect at least more than one in temperature, vibration displacement, vibration velocity, vibration acceleration, power, strain, sound equipment, acoustic emission, ultrasound wave, the rotational speed.
36. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as any one described plant equipment of claim 29 to 32 is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section comprises: central arithmetic processing apparatus, amplifier, analog/digital converter, wave filter, comparer, pulse adder, timer, interruptable controller, ROM, RAM, digital/analog converter, communication module and external interface.
37. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as any one described plant equipment of claim 29 to 32 is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section can carry out characteristic frequency that the defective of the calculating of characteristic parameter, envelope detection, FFT, wave filter, small echo, short time FFT, the rotary body of standard deviation and crest factor causes in calculating at least more than one processing and relatively judge.
38. the state monitoring method of a plant equipment is at least one the state monitoring method of plant equipment with rotary body and slide unit, it is characterized in that,
Analyze the regulation physical quantity of this plant equipment according to the signal that produces from described plant equipment, in each very first time analysis result and the information that has N/R diagnosis benchmark to constitute by described plant equipment are compared contrast, it is no abnormal temporarily to diagnose described plant equipment to have;
When having carried out the comparative control of stipulated number, the perhaps result according to comparative control in each second time, when threshold value is above, be judged as unusual comprehensive evaluation when temporarily being diagnosed as unusual number of times, diagnose described plant equipment that no abnormal and unusual position is arranged.
39. the state monitoring method of a plant equipment is the state monitoring method with plant equipment one of at least of rotary body and slide unit, it is characterized in that,
Analyze the regulation physical quantity of this plant equipment according to the signal that produces from described plant equipment, in each very first time analysis result and the information that has N/R diagnosis benchmark to constitute by described plant equipment are compared contrast, it is no abnormal temporarily to diagnose described plant equipment to have;
When having carried out the comparative control of stipulated number, perhaps the result according to comparative control in each second time judges the comprehensive evaluation of intensity of anomaly according to temporarily being diagnosed as unusual number of times, and diagnosis has no abnormal and unusual position.
40. the state monitoring method as claim 38 or 39 described plant equipment is characterized in that,
Convert described signal A/D to digital signal and analyze the processing of the frequency of described digital signal, the frequency content that the damage by the described plant equipment of calculating according to the actuating signal of described plant equipment is caused in each described very first time compares contrast with the frequency content according to measured data.
41. the state monitoring method of plant equipment as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that,
Described signal is implemented amplification and handles and Filtering Processing.
42. the state monitoring method of plant equipment as claimed in claim 40 is characterized in that,
The described rotary body of described plant equipment and at least one of slide unit are any one of rolling bearing, ball-screw, line slideway, linear ball bearing, the actuating signal of described plant equipment is the rotational speed signal of described rolling bearing and described ball-screw, is the translational speed signal of described line slideway and described linear ball bearing.
43. the state monitoring apparatus of a plant equipment, it is to use at least one the state monitoring apparatus of plant equipment claim 38 or 39 described state monitoring methods, that comprise rotary body and slide unit, it is characterized in that, comprising:
The detection handling part of at least one of the signal that detection produces from described plant equipment,
Have described signal, implement to be used for to judge the arithmetic processing section of microcomputer of the calculation process of described plant equipment state according to the output of described detection handling part, and
Have the described arithmetic processing section of output judged result efferent as a result and, according at least one the control and treatment portion of judged result to the controller of the control system of plant equipment feedback.
44. the state monitoring apparatus of plant equipment as claimed in claim 43 is characterized in that,
At least one side of described detection handling part and described microcomputer is installed on described rotary body or the described slide unit.
45. the state monitoring apparatus of plant equipment as claimed in claim 43 is characterized in that,
At least one of described rotary body and described slide unit is the radially bearing of loading of load,
Described detection handling part is fixed on the load circle with the radially loading of the chimeric bearing housing of the rail wheel of described bearing.
46. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the bearing unit for railway carriages of a state monitoring apparatus that uses any one the described plant equipment in the claim 43.
47. the windmill of a state monitoring apparatus that uses any one the described plant equipment in the claim 43 is with the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of bearing arrangement.
48. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of the Work machine bearing for spindle device of a state monitoring apparatus that uses any one the described plant equipment in the claim 43.
49. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of a mechanical hook-up is characterized in that, comprising:
Have to be fixed on and twist the detection handling part of signal on the bolt on the mechanical hook-up frame, that will produce from described mechanical hook-up as the sensor unit of electric signal output,
Output according to described detection handling part comes described mechanical hook-up is carried out abnormality diagnostic arithmetic processing section, and
According to the next control and treatment portion of described abnormality diagnostic result to described mechanical hook-up control system feedback control signal.
50. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality of mechanical hook-up as claimed in claim 49 is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section comprises: storage is accumulated dispenser from the described electric signal of described detection handling part and according to the data that the kind of described signal is distributed to suitable dispense path;
Calculate the analysis portion of the regulation physical quantity of relevant described mechanical hook-up according to the electric signal of accumulating the dispenser distribution from described data;
Preserve the first data preservation portion of the mechanical hook-up data of relevant described mechanical hook-up;
The described physical quantity that described analysis portion is calculated be kept at described mechanical hook-up data in the described first data preservation portion and compare described mechanical hook-up is carried out abnormality diagnostic relatively judging part; And
Preserve the analysis result and the described relatively described abnormity diagnosis result's of judging part the second data preservation portion of described analysis portion.
51. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as claim 49 or 50 described mechanical hook-ups is characterized in that,
Described arithmetic processing section and described control and treatment portion are made of microcomputer or IC chip.
52. the apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality as any one described mechanical hook-up of claim 49 to 50 is characterized in that,
By the wireless signal transmission of carrying out between described detection handling part and described arithmetic processing section or described arithmetic processing section and the described control and treatment portion.
53. bearing arrangement, it comprises: have inner track wheel road face interior wheel, have the foreign steamer of foreign steamer orbital plane, between described inside and outside wheel track face relative to a plurality of rotors that rotate freely configuration and rotate the retainer that freely keeps described rotor, and load axis is configured in the bearing housing to the bearing of loading, it is characterized in that
On the load circle of described bearing housing, have at least one unusual abnormality detection parts that detection is selected from take in the vibration transducer that is fixed in the single casing and temperature sensor.
54. bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 53 is characterized in that,
The part that the load of described bearing housing encloses a side outer surface is provided with the par, is fixed with described abnormality detection parts on described par.
55. bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 54 is characterized in that,
The described abnormality detection parts of configuration on the load circle outer diameter part bearing width central portion of described bearing housing.
56. bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 53 is characterized in that,
The described abnormality detection parts of configuration in the width regions of the load circle outer diameter part described inner track wheel road face of described bearing housing or described foreign steamer orbital plane.
57. any one the described bearing arrangement as claim 53 to 56 is characterized in that,
Have the signal transfer member that is used to transmit detected signal in the housing of described abnormality detection parts, and judge that according to the signal that is transmitted via described signal transfer member judged result efferent no abnormal and output is arranged.
58. any one the described bearing arrangement as claim 53 to 56 is characterized in that,
Described abnormality detection parts are buried underground to be fixed in the recess that is formed on the described bearing housing, the gap between these abnormality detection parts of molded installation and the recess.
59. bearing arrangement as claimed in claim 58 is characterized in that,
Described abnormality detection parts are situated between and are fixed on the described recess by liner.
60. any one the described bearing arrangement as claim 53 to 56 is characterized in that, comprising:
Remove the Filtering Processing portion of the frequency band of not wanting in the vibrational waveform from described vibration transducer, the envelope handling part that the absolute value through filtered waveform that transmits from described Filtering Processing portion is carried out detection, the frequency analysis portion of the waveform frequency that analysis is passed on from described envelope handling part, the comparative control portion that the frequency that is caused by damage calculated according to rotational speed and frequency according to real data are compared, and the efferent of determining as a result that no abnormal and unusual position are arranged according to the comparative result by described comparative control portion.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP252877/2002 | 2002-08-30 | ||
| JP2002252877A JP3874110B2 (en) | 2002-08-30 | 2002-08-30 | Abnormality diagnosis system |
| JP338423/2002 | 2002-11-21 | ||
| JP370800/2002 | 2002-12-20 | ||
| JP010131/2003 | 2003-01-17 | ||
| JP048309/2003 | 2003-02-25 | ||
| JP182996/2003 | 2003-06-26 | ||
| JP304700/2003 | 2003-08-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1688874A true CN1688874A (en) | 2005-10-26 |
| CN100541159C CN100541159C (en) | 2009-09-16 |
Family
ID=32059047
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB038244527A Expired - Fee Related CN100541159C (en) | 2002-08-30 | 2003-08-29 | The state monitoring method of plant equipment and device and apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3874110B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100541159C (en) |
Cited By (72)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101518948A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2009-09-02 | 克朗斯股份有限公司 | Container treatment device and method for monitoring its operability |
| CN101713673A (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-05-26 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for sensor-level machine monitoring |
| CN101782109A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-21 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Spindle device |
| CN102095803A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-06-15 | 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 | Method for crack detection on blades of rotor |
| CN102200708A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-28 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Image forming apparatus, computer readable medium storing program and method for image forming |
| CN102454166A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-05-16 | 爱科昇株式会社 | Operation status monitoring device of concrete vibrator |
| CN102549406A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-07-04 | 克诺尔-布里姆斯轨道车辆系统有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring the driving behavior of a railway vehicle |
| CN102539152A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 上海联合滚动轴承有限公司 | Device for comprehensively measuring gammastar bearing |
| CN102105774B (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-07-18 | 西门子公司 | Method and arrangement for determining and monitoring the state of a rolling bearing |
| CN101430244B (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2012-10-31 | 大隈株式会社 | Bearing state diagnostic apparatus |
| CN102879134A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-01-16 | 西南交通大学 | Wireless detection device for train wheel-rail contact force |
| CN102900600A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 威能极公司 | Wind driven generator state monitoring method |
| CN102959379A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2013-03-06 | 日本精工株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis method for torque detection device, and electric power steering device |
| CN103376291A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-30 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Abnormality detection method and abnormality detection device |
| CN103481196A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-01 | 瓦房店轴承集团有限责任公司 | Detection system for reverse placement of conical bearing outer ring in feeding process |
| CN103600753A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-26 | 哈尔滨轴承集团公司 | Urban rail transit bearing intelligent sensor |
| US8757000B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2014-06-24 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Device for attachment to a rotating part of a railway axle |
| CN104160349A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2014-11-19 | 斯奈克玛 | Device for detecting anomalies in an aircraft turbine engine by acoustic analysis |
| CN104220870A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2014-12-17 | 西门子公司 | Sensor element with acoustic emission sensor |
| CN104303036A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2015-01-21 | Skf公司 | Method and arrangement of measuring a mechanical bearing oscillation |
| CN104709311A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2015-06-17 | Skf公司 | Device |
| CN104864901A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-26 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Real time retention check tool |
| CN104992714A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-10-21 | 株洲联诚集团有限责任公司 | Motor abnormal sound detection method |
| CN105318961A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-10 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Vibration-state on-line monitoring method of high-voltage motor driving conveying belt |
| CN106080655A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-11-09 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Detection method, device and the train that a kind of train axle temperature is abnormal |
| CN106312687A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-11 | 大隈株式会社 | Main spindle load monitoring device for machine tool |
| CN106537111A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-03-22 | Ntn株式会社 | Machine component diagnosis system and server thereof |
| CN106687353A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-05-17 | Ntn株式会社 | Railroad car bearing abnormality sensing system |
| CN106679977A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-17 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Wind turbine generator variable pitch bearing monitoring method and apparatus |
| CN107014628A (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-08-04 | 斯凯孚加拿大有限公司 | Inexpensive online condition monitoring |
| CN107250754A (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2017-10-13 | 日本精工株式会社 | Abnormity diagnostic system |
| CN108139296A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2018-06-08 | 卡莫齐数字电子责任有限公司 | For monitoring the method for the rolling bearing for the rotary part for being used to support machine |
| CN108138840A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-06-08 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | For bearing and the sensor module of bearing arrangement |
| CN108180986A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-19 | 陈磊 | A kind of vibration signal alarm recognition methods based on equipment and computing device |
| WO2018136915A1 (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-26 | Nrg Systems, Inc. | System and methods of novelty detection using non-parametric machine learning |
| CN108496123A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-09-04 | 菲博罗有限公司 | The method that vibration diagnosis monitoring is carried out to machine |
| CN108698620A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-10-23 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | The bearing monitoring arrangement of rail truck |
| CN108698621A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-10-23 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | The bearing monitoring arrangement of rail truck |
| CN108700492A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-10-23 | Ntn株式会社 | Apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality and abnormality diagnostic method |
| CN108839670A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-11-20 | 通用电气公司 | Vehicle monitoring system |
| CN108860211A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-23 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of wrong report recognition methods and device based on shaft temperature sensor |
| CN109029441A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-18 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | Have the electronic equipment of water proof structure, the condition detection method of the electronic equipment and recording medium |
| CN109425486A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-05 | 发那科株式会社 | Bearing diagnosis device and bearing diagnosis method |
| CN109690277A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-04-26 | Thk株式会社 | The actuator of tape jam detecting sensor and the fault detection method of actuator |
| CN109769193A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-17 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of online loudspeaker faults diagnostic system screened based on peak-to-average force ratio and mean value |
| CN109844487A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2019-06-04 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | The judgement of faulty bearings |
| CN109900475A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | 株式会社日立大厦系统 | Bearing check device |
| CN110145549A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-20 | 浙江兆丰机电股份有限公司 | Automobile intelligent hub-bearing unit monitoring and warning system |
| CN110168461A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2019-08-23 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Abnormity diagnostic system |
| CN110244148A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-17 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of new-energy automobile dynamic operation condition EMI test method based on FFT with point frequency scanning |
| CN110388302A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-29 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | The data exception detection method and equipment of wind-driven generator |
| CN110546692A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-12-06 | 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 | identification of malfunctioning components using ultrasonic microphones |
| CN110976337A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-10 | 商丘工学院 | Bearing detection device |
| CN111183402A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2020-05-19 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Operation support device and operation support method for power plant |
| CN111238837A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-06-05 | 西南交通大学 | Wheel set damage identification test bed for high-speed train based on wheel vibration acceleration response |
| CN111380607A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Motor vibration or noise frequency detection device and method thereof |
| CN111649944A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-11 | 株式会社日立大厦系统 | Bearing diagnosis device, bearing diagnosis method, and escalator |
| CN111699373A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2020-09-22 | 株式会社小松制作所 | Work vehicle state detection system, work vehicle, and work vehicle state detection method |
| CN111929074A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-13 | 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 | Vehicle mechanical rotating part fault diagnosis method and device |
| CN112105907A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2020-12-18 | 赛峰集团 | Method and apparatus for monitoring a gear system |
| CN112415168A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-02-26 | 深圳万知达科技有限公司 | Water quality monitoring management system based on internet |
| CN112557036A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-26 | 欧姆龙株式会社 | Diagnostic apparatus and method, and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN112639311A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2021-04-09 | Ntn株式会社 | Bearing device |
| CN112762993A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-07 | 深圳市韦德勋光电科技有限公司 | Detection device for raw material of LCD logic board substrate and use method |
| CN112863543A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 睿捷国际股份有限公司 | Method for monitoring equipment by using sound |
| CN113056620A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-06-29 | Ntn株式会社 | Bearing device |
| CN113252734A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-13 | 电子科技大学 | Resistance type gas sensor flexible circuit and gas concentration calculation method |
| CN113557414A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-10-26 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | Device for monitoring equipment |
| CN113715754A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-11-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Abnormal part identification method, system and device for vehicle-mounted component, abnormal part notification control device and vehicle control device |
| CN113767268A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-12-07 | Thk株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis system and abnormality diagnosis method |
| CN114060508A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Abnormality determination device |
| CN114127530A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2022-03-01 | Ntn株式会社 | Data collection device |
Families Citing this family (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4592322B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2010-12-01 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Bearing unit with IC tag |
| JP4606060B2 (en) * | 2004-05-10 | 2011-01-05 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Bearing unit with IC tag for railway vehicles |
| JP2006064116A (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-09 | Jtekt Corp | Magnetic bearing device |
| US7860663B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2010-12-28 | Nsk Ltd. | Abnormality diagnosing apparatus and abnormality diagnosing method |
| DE102005010118A1 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-14 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Control device of a rail vehicle |
| WO2007046505A1 (en) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-26 | Nabtesco Corporation | Maintenance information output device and maintenance information output system |
| JP4730166B2 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2011-07-20 | 日本精工株式会社 | Machine equipment abnormality diagnosis apparatus and abnormality diagnosis method |
| JP5026046B2 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2012-09-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Home door malfunction detection system |
| CN101832857B (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2012-06-27 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Method for diagnosing spindle bearing fault of high speed flash frequency observation device of electron beam welder |
| TWI515522B (en) | 2010-12-28 | 2016-01-01 | 萬國商業機器公司 | Method, computer program, and computer for determining system situation |
| ES2711077T3 (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2019-04-30 | Progress Rail Services Corp | Detection and signaling method of a hot box condition |
| CN102706520B (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2014-10-15 | 上海汽车变速器有限公司 | Full-automatic testing system for air tightness of housing of transmission and detection method thereof |
| CN102840101A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2012-12-26 | 成都阜特科技股份有限公司 | Distributed condition monitoring system |
| KR101449605B1 (en) * | 2013-04-30 | 2014-10-13 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Wireless sensor network system for railroad system |
| CN103471865A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-25 | 北京交通大学 | Train suspension system failure isolation method based on LDA method |
| KR101387018B1 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2014-04-18 | 한국철도공사 | Axle temperature measuring device in hbd electric rack and method thereof |
| WO2017099458A1 (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-15 | 김홍섭 | Vibration piezoelectric sensor and device for checking motor operating state by using same |
| JP6639013B2 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2020-02-05 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Resin pelletizer device and cavitation monitoring method |
| JP2017173082A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | Ntn株式会社 | Railway abnormality diagnosis system and data collector |
| CN107783512A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 上海舜为电子科技有限公司 | A kind of intelligent master control device and control method of more concrete vibrators |
| JP6403743B2 (en) | 2016-11-21 | 2018-10-10 | Thk株式会社 | State diagnosis system for rolling guide device |
| CN106763165B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2019-06-14 | 北京唐智科技发展有限公司 | Reduce the abrasive bearing parameter selection of roller bearing and environmental condition ameliorative way |
| JP6841558B2 (en) | 2017-02-24 | 2021-03-10 | Thk株式会社 | Condition diagnosis system and condition diagnosis method of rolling guidance device |
| CN106932089B (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-12-10 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Device and method for detecting faults of vibration monitoring device on line |
| DE102017111066A1 (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-11-22 | Khs Gmbh | Method for monitoring a process |
| CN109556858A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-02 | 南京淳泰控制设备有限公司 | A kind of flywheel bearing unit running-in test equipment |
| EP3695934A4 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2020-11-11 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Finetech, Ltd. | Coolant processing device |
| WO2020031722A1 (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-13 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | Abnormality monitoring device, abnormality monitoring method, and abnormality monitoring program |
| JP6741828B1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2020-08-19 | 上銀科技股▲分▼有限公司 | Linear transmission and identification method of linear transmission |
| JP7382791B2 (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2023-11-17 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Abnormality determination device, vehicle support system |
| CN111594394B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2022-01-25 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Wind turbine generator main shaft temperature early warning method and device |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61164138A (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1986-07-24 | Yoneken:Kk | Method for detecting abnormality at operating section of machine |
| JPS6293620A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1987-04-30 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Diagnostic device for rotary machine |
| JPS62270820A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1987-11-25 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Method and device for bearing failure diagnosis by vibratory sound |
| JPH0663916B2 (en) * | 1989-03-14 | 1994-08-22 | 富士電機株式会社 | Gear abnormality diagnosis device |
| JPH03152436A (en) * | 1989-11-10 | 1991-06-28 | Koyo Seiko Co Ltd | Diagnosing method for bearing for railway vehicle |
| JP3203788B2 (en) * | 1992-07-24 | 2001-08-27 | オムロン株式会社 | Physical quantity sensor and method of manufacturing the same |
| EP0594550B1 (en) * | 1992-10-19 | 1998-08-12 | Ab Skf | Method and device for recording operating data in a bearing |
| US5566092A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1996-10-15 | Caterpillar Inc. | Machine fault diagnostics system and method |
| JP3726295B2 (en) * | 1994-12-26 | 2005-12-14 | 株式会社デンソー | Vehicle control device |
| DE69732183T3 (en) * | 1996-09-13 | 2009-07-16 | The Timken Co., Canton | BEARING WITH A SENSOR MODULE |
| JP3449194B2 (en) * | 1997-01-28 | 2003-09-22 | 松下電工株式会社 | Method and apparatus for diagnosing abnormalities in rotating equipment |
| JP2000133474A (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2000-05-12 | Asahi National Lighting Co Ltd | Sensor unit for luminaire |
| JP2002541448A (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2002-12-03 | シーメンス シュヴァイツ アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | Method and apparatus for monitoring bogies of a multi-axle vehicle |
| JP4120099B2 (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2008-07-16 | 日本精工株式会社 | Bearing abnormality diagnosis method and abnormality diagnosis device |
| JP4236022B2 (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2009-03-11 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Monitoring, diagnosis and sales system for machine parts |
| JP3827928B2 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2006-09-27 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Monitoring system for machine parts |
-
2002
- 2002-08-30 JP JP2002252877A patent/JP3874110B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-08-29 CN CNB038244527A patent/CN100541159C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (107)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101430244B (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2012-10-31 | 大隈株式会社 | Bearing state diagnostic apparatus |
| CN101518948A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2009-09-02 | 克朗斯股份有限公司 | Container treatment device and method for monitoring its operability |
| US8757000B2 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2014-06-24 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Device for attachment to a rotating part of a railway axle |
| CN104709311A (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2015-06-17 | Skf公司 | Device |
| CN102105774B (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2012-07-18 | 西门子公司 | Method and arrangement for determining and monitoring the state of a rolling bearing |
| CN101713673A (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-05-26 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for sensor-level machine monitoring |
| CN101713673B (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2013-08-21 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for sensor-level machine monitoring |
| CN101782109A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-21 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Spindle device |
| CN103817352B (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2016-07-06 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Main shaft device |
| CN102549406A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-07-04 | 克诺尔-布里姆斯轨道车辆系统有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring the driving behavior of a railway vehicle |
| CN102095803B (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2015-11-25 | 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 | For detecting the method for the crackle on turbine rotor blade |
| CN102095803A (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-06-15 | 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 | Method for crack detection on blades of rotor |
| CN102200708B (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2014-11-05 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Image forming apparatus and method for image forming |
| CN102200708A (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-28 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Image forming apparatus, computer readable medium storing program and method for image forming |
| CN102454166A (en) * | 2010-10-19 | 2012-05-16 | 爱科昇株式会社 | Operation status monitoring device of concrete vibrator |
| CN102539152A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 上海联合滚动轴承有限公司 | Device for comprehensively measuring gammastar bearing |
| CN102539152B (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2014-06-04 | 上海联合滚动轴承有限公司 | Device for comprehensively measuring gammastar bearing |
| CN102959379A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2013-03-06 | 日本精工株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis method for torque detection device, and electric power steering device |
| CN102959379B (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2014-07-23 | 日本精工株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis method for torque detection device, and electric power steering device |
| US9254863B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2016-02-09 | Nsk Ltd. | Torque detecting device and electric power steering device |
| US9248853B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2016-02-02 | Nsk, Ltd. | Abnormality diagnosing method for torque detecting device and electric power steering device |
| CN102900600A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-30 | 威能极公司 | Wind driven generator state monitoring method |
| CN104160349A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2014-11-19 | 斯奈克玛 | Device for detecting anomalies in an aircraft turbine engine by acoustic analysis |
| CN104220870A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2014-12-17 | 西门子公司 | Sensor element with acoustic emission sensor |
| CN103376291A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2013-10-30 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Abnormality detection method and abnormality detection device |
| CN104303036A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2015-01-21 | Skf公司 | Method and arrangement of measuring a mechanical bearing oscillation |
| CN104395725A (en) * | 2012-04-24 | 2015-03-04 | Skf公司 | Method and arrangement of measuring a mechanical bearing oscillation |
| CN102879134A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-01-16 | 西南交通大学 | Wireless detection device for train wheel-rail contact force |
| CN103481196A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-01 | 瓦房店轴承集团有限责任公司 | Detection system for reverse placement of conical bearing outer ring in feeding process |
| CN103600753A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-26 | 哈尔滨轴承集团公司 | Urban rail transit bearing intelligent sensor |
| CN104864901A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-26 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Real time retention check tool |
| CN104864901B (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2018-01-26 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Fixed checking tool and in real time fixed inspection method in real time |
| CN106537111A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-03-22 | Ntn株式会社 | Machine component diagnosis system and server thereof |
| CN105318961A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-10 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Vibration-state on-line monitoring method of high-voltage motor driving conveying belt |
| CN105318961B (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2019-05-31 | 上海宝钢工业技术服务有限公司 | Drive the high-voltage motor vibrational state on-line monitoring method of conveyor belt |
| US10352821B2 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2019-07-16 | Ntn Corporation | Bearing abnormality sensing system for railway vehicle |
| CN106687353A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-05-17 | Ntn株式会社 | Railroad car bearing abnormality sensing system |
| CN107250754A (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2017-10-13 | 日本精工株式会社 | Abnormity diagnostic system |
| CN104992714A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-10-21 | 株洲联诚集团有限责任公司 | Motor abnormal sound detection method |
| CN106312687A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-11 | 大隈株式会社 | Main spindle load monitoring device for machine tool |
| CN106312687B (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2020-03-24 | 大隈株式会社 | Spindle load monitoring device for machine tool |
| CN108138840A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-06-08 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | For bearing and the sensor module of bearing arrangement |
| CN108138840B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2019-11-12 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Sensor module for bearing and bearing arrangement |
| CN107014628A (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-08-04 | 斯凯孚加拿大有限公司 | Inexpensive online condition monitoring |
| CN108139296B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2020-02-21 | 卡莫齐数字电子责任有限公司 | Method for monitoring a rolling bearing for supporting a rotating part of a machine |
| CN108139296A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2018-06-08 | 卡莫齐数字电子责任有限公司 | For monitoring the method for the rolling bearing for the rotary part for being used to support machine |
| US10436675B2 (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2019-10-08 | Camozzi Digital S.R.L. | Method for monitoring a rolling bearing used for supporting a rotating component of a machine |
| US11047768B2 (en) | 2016-02-23 | 2021-06-29 | Ntn Corporation | Abnormality diagnosis device and abnormality diagnosis method |
| CN108700492B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2020-08-11 | Ntn株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis device and abnormality diagnosis method |
| CN108700492A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-10-23 | Ntn株式会社 | Apparatus for diagnosis of abnormality and abnormality diagnostic method |
| CN108698620B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2022-08-16 | 川崎车辆株式会社 | Bearing monitoring device for railway vehicle |
| CN108698621A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-10-23 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | The bearing monitoring arrangement of rail truck |
| CN108698620A (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2018-10-23 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | The bearing monitoring arrangement of rail truck |
| CN108698621B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2020-08-25 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | Bearing monitoring device for railway vehicle |
| CN108496123A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-09-04 | 菲博罗有限公司 | The method that vibration diagnosis monitoring is carried out to machine |
| CN106080655B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-05-04 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | A kind of detection method, device and the train of train axle temperature exception |
| CN106080655A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-11-09 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Detection method, device and the train that a kind of train axle temperature is abnormal |
| CN109690277A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-04-26 | Thk株式会社 | The actuator of tape jam detecting sensor and the fault detection method of actuator |
| CN109690277B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2020-04-24 | Thk株式会社 | Actuator with failure detection sensor and failure detection method for actuator |
| US10801919B2 (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2020-10-13 | Thk Co., Ltd. | Fault detection sensor-equipped actuator and method for detecting fault in actuator |
| CN109844487A (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2019-06-04 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | The judgement of faulty bearings |
| CN106679977A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-17 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Wind turbine generator variable pitch bearing monitoring method and apparatus |
| WO2018136915A1 (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-26 | Nrg Systems, Inc. | System and methods of novelty detection using non-parametric machine learning |
| CN110168461A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2019-08-23 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Abnormity diagnostic system |
| CN110546692A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-12-06 | 惠普发展公司，有限责任合伙企业 | identification of malfunctioning components using ultrasonic microphones |
| US11148689B2 (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2021-10-19 | Transportation Ip Holdings, Llc | Vehicle monitoring system |
| CN108839670A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-11-20 | 通用电气公司 | Vehicle monitoring system |
| CN109029441A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-18 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | Have the electronic equipment of water proof structure, the condition detection method of the electronic equipment and recording medium |
| CN109029441B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2021-12-21 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | Electronic device having waterproof structure, method for detecting state of electronic device, and recording medium |
| CN109425486A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-05 | 发那科株式会社 | Bearing diagnosis device and bearing diagnosis method |
| CN109425486B (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2020-06-05 | 发那科株式会社 | Bearing diagnosis device and bearing diagnosis method |
| US10859467B2 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2020-12-08 | Fanuc Corporation | Bearing diagnosing device and bearing diagnosing method |
| CN111183402A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2020-05-19 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Operation support device and operation support method for power plant |
| CN109900475A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | 株式会社日立大厦系统 | Bearing check device |
| CN108180986A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-19 | 陈磊 | A kind of vibration signal alarm recognition methods based on equipment and computing device |
| CN111699373A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2020-09-22 | 株式会社小松制作所 | Work vehicle state detection system, work vehicle, and work vehicle state detection method |
| CN110388302A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-29 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | The data exception detection method and equipment of wind-driven generator |
| CN110388302B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-07-14 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Data anomaly detection method and equipment for wind driven generator |
| CN112105907A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2020-12-18 | 赛峰集团 | Method and apparatus for monitoring a gear system |
| CN108860211A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-23 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | A kind of wrong report recognition methods and device based on shaft temperature sensor |
| CN112639311A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2021-04-09 | Ntn株式会社 | Bearing device |
| CN112639311B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2022-07-12 | Ntn株式会社 | Bearing device |
| CN113056620A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-06-29 | Ntn株式会社 | Bearing device |
| CN113056620B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2023-02-21 | Ntn株式会社 | Bearing device |
| CN111380607A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Motor vibration or noise frequency detection device and method thereof |
| CN109769193A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-17 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of online loudspeaker faults diagnostic system screened based on peak-to-average force ratio and mean value |
| CN111649944A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-11 | 株式会社日立大厦系统 | Bearing diagnosis device, bearing diagnosis method, and escalator |
| CN113557414A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2021-10-26 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | Device for monitoring equipment |
| CN110145549A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-20 | 浙江兆丰机电股份有限公司 | Automobile intelligent hub-bearing unit monitoring and warning system |
| CN113767268A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-12-07 | Thk株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis system and abnormality diagnosis method |
| CN113767268B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2023-09-01 | Thk株式会社 | Abnormality diagnosis system and abnormality diagnosis method |
| CN110244148A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-09-17 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of new-energy automobile dynamic operation condition EMI test method based on FFT with point frequency scanning |
| CN110244148B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-04-16 | 华南理工大学 | New energy automobile dynamic working condition EMI testing method based on FFT and point frequency scanning |
| CN114127530A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2022-03-01 | Ntn株式会社 | Data collection device |
| CN112557036A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-26 | 欧姆龙株式会社 | Diagnostic apparatus and method, and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN112863543A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 睿捷国际股份有限公司 | Method for monitoring equipment by using sound |
| CN110976337B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-06-22 | 商丘工学院 | Bearing detection device |
| CN110976337A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-10 | 商丘工学院 | Bearing detection device |
| CN111238837A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-06-05 | 西南交通大学 | Wheel set damage identification test bed for high-speed train based on wheel vibration acceleration response |
| CN113715754B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2024-03-12 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Abnormal portion determination method, abnormal portion determination system, abnormal portion determination device, abnormal portion notification control device, and vehicle control device |
| CN113715754A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-11-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Abnormal part identification method, system and device for vehicle-mounted component, abnormal part notification control device and vehicle control device |
| CN114060508A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Abnormality determination device |
| CN114060508B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2023-03-14 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Abnormality determination device |
| CN111929074A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-13 | 北京经纬恒润科技有限公司 | Vehicle mechanical rotating part fault diagnosis method and device |
| CN112762993A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-07 | 深圳市韦德勋光电科技有限公司 | Detection device for raw material of LCD logic board substrate and use method |
| CN112415168A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-02-26 | 深圳万知达科技有限公司 | Water quality monitoring management system based on internet |
| CN113252734A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-13 | 电子科技大学 | Resistance type gas sensor flexible circuit and gas concentration calculation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3874110B2 (en) | 2007-01-31 |
| CN100541159C (en) | 2009-09-16 |
| JP2004093256A (en) | 2004-03-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1688874A (en) | Method and device for monitoring status of mechanical equipment and abnormality diagnosing device | |
| CN1180224C (en) | Radio sensor, rolling bearing with sensor, managing device and monitoring device | |
| CN1906473A (en) | Abnormality diagnosis device and abnormality diagnosis method | |
| CN1926413A (en) | Abnormality diagnosis system for machinery | |
| CN1267831C (en) | Body movement inspector, rhythmic meter, wrist watch style data processor, and their controlling method, program and recording medium | |
| CN1272614C (en) | Bearing inspection method, bearing inspection apparatus, bearing monitoring apparatus and storage apparatus | |
| CN1934433A (en) | Method and device for assessing remaining life of rolling bearing | |
| CN1782728A (en) | Battery power detection device | |
| CN1089143C (en) | Turbomachinery with variable-angle fluid guiding vanes | |
| CN1278057C (en) | Driving device | |
| CN1375407A (en) | wheel support bearing assembly | |
| CN1187595C (en) | Tensile strength tester | |
| CN1302263C (en) | Sealed load cell | |
| CN1615407A (en) | Sensor-equipped rolling bearing, and rotation state detecting device | |
| CN100347561C (en) | Monitoring signal output circuit, batteries and battery voltage monitoring circuit and method therefor | |
| CN101034141A (en) | Method and device for detecting inner state of chargeable cell and equipment with the same | |
| CN1773407A (en) | Information processing device, operation state management device, information processing method | |
| CN1303467A (en) | Diagnosing system for fluid machinery | |
| CN1767917A (en) | Main shaft device and machine tool with the same | |
| CN1215269C (en) | Rolling bearing and bearing unit | |
| CN1637942A (en) | Semiconductor memory device with optimum refresh cycle according to temperature variation | |
| CN1710401A (en) | Chaotic control method in monitoring on-line state of large centrifugal fan | |
| CN1723385A (en) | Load measuring device for rolling bearing unit and load masuring rolling bearing unit | |
| CN1748189A (en) | Machine component using ic tag and its method for quality control and system for inspecting abnormality | |
| CN100351610C (en) | Signal recorder with status recognizing function |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20090916 Termination date: 20170829 |