CN111929074A - Vehicle mechanical rotating part fault diagnosis method and device - Google Patents
Vehicle mechanical rotating part fault diagnosis method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a fault diagnosis method and a fault diagnosis device for a mechanical rotating part of a vehicle, wherein the method comprises the steps of processing a vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle by using a resonance demodulation technology to obtain a resonance demodulation signal; filtering the interference signal in the resonance demodulation signal according to a preset interference signal frequency; determining whether a mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has vibration impact according to the relation between the peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal for filtering the interference signal and a preset impact threshold, and performing time-frequency conversion on the resonance demodulation signal for filtering the interference signal if the vibration impact exists to obtain a frequency signal; and finally, analyzing the frequency signals according to preset fault characteristic frequencies of all the components to determine the fault components. The accuracy of fault diagnosis is improved by filtering the interference signals; according to the relation between the peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal and the preset impact threshold value, whether the vibration impact exists on the mechanical rotating component of the vehicle is determined, and a large number of unnecessary detections are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicles, in particular to a method and a device for diagnosing faults of mechanical rotating parts of a vehicle.
Background
While vehicles provide convenience for social life, the problem of failure of their own mechanical rotating components is also an important safety hazard. Mechanical rotating parts of a vehicle include bearings, gears, and the like. Conventionally, a failure of a mechanical rotating member is identified and determined by a driver in accordance with an existing abnormal condition. In the fault judgment mode, when no obvious accompanying abnormal phenomenon is generated in the previous period, the fault judgment mode cannot identify; and the fault location cannot be accurately determined.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle, which are intended to implement timely detection and identification of a fault location and improve driving safety.
In order to achieve the above object, the following solutions are proposed:
in a first aspect, a method for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle is provided, which includes:
processing a vibration signal of a mechanical rotating part of a vehicle by utilizing a resonance demodulation technology to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle;
filtering the interference signal in the resonance demodulation signal according to a preset interference signal frequency;
calculating to obtain a peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered;
judging whether the peak value factor is larger than a preset impact threshold value or not, and if so, determining that the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has impact;
after the fact that the vehicle rotating part is impacted is judged, time-frequency conversion is conducted on the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered out, and a frequency signal is obtained;
and analyzing the frequency signal according to preset fault characteristic frequency of each component to determine a fault component.
Optionally, after the step of analyzing the frequency signal according to the preset fault characteristic frequency of each component and determining a faulty component, the method further includes:
acquiring the diameter and the rotating speed of a shaft where the fault component is located;
detecting and obtaining the peak amplitude of the envelope curve of the vibration signal of the fault component;
substituting the diameter, the rotating speed and the peak amplitude into a fault impact formula to obtain a fault impact decibel value, wherein the fault impact formula is as follows:
wherein SV is the peak amplitude of the envelope curve, n is the rotating speed of a shaft where the fault component is located, D is the diameter of the shaft where the fault component is located, and A is the fault impact decibel value;
and determining the fault level of the fault component according to the fault impact decibel value.
Optionally, after the step of determining the fault level of the faulty component according to the fault impact decibel value, the method further includes:
and carrying out statistical analysis on the currently determined fault level of the fault component and the fault levels of the fault components determined continuously for multiple times before, and determining a corresponding processing process.
Optionally, before the step of processing the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating component of the vehicle by using the resonance demodulation technology to obtain the resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating component of the vehicle, the method further includes:
according to the vehicle speed of the vehicle, the sampling frequency for sampling the resonance signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle is determined.
Optionally, the processing, by using a resonance demodulation technology, the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating component of the vehicle to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating component of the vehicle specifically includes:
performing gain processing on the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle to obtain an amplified vibration signal;
inputting the amplified vibration signal into a resonator to obtain a resonance signal output by the resonator;
demodulating the resonance signal into a low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using absolute value detection and envelope detection techniques;
and filtering out a high-frequency signal in the low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using a low-pass filter to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle.
In a second aspect, there is provided a vehicle mechanical rotating member failure diagnosis device including:
the resonance demodulation unit is used for processing the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle by using a resonance demodulation technology to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle;
the interference signal filtering unit is used for filtering the interference signal in the resonance demodulation signal according to a preset interference signal frequency;
the peak factor calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered;
the impact primary detection unit is used for judging whether the peak factor is larger than a preset impact threshold value or not, and if so, determining that the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has impact;
the time-frequency conversion unit is used for performing time-frequency conversion on the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered out after judging that the vehicle rotating component has impact to obtain a frequency signal;
and the fault impact spectral line identification unit is used for analyzing the frequency signals according to preset fault characteristic frequencies of all the components to determine the fault components.
Optionally, the apparatus for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle further includes:
the first parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring the diameter and the rotating speed of a shaft where the fault component is located;
the second parameter acquisition unit is used for detecting and obtaining the peak amplitude of the envelope curve of the vibration signal of the fault component;
and the fault impact precision diagnosis unit is used for substituting the diameter, the rotating speed and the peak amplitude into a fault impact formula to obtain a fault impact decibel value, wherein the fault impact formula is as follows:
wherein SV is the peak amplitude of the envelope curve, n is the rotating speed of a shaft where the fault component is located, D is the diameter of the shaft where the fault component is located, and A is the fault impact decibel value;
and the fault level determining unit is used for determining the fault level of the fault component according to the fault impact decibel value.
Optionally, the apparatus for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle further includes:
and the comprehensive alarm decision analysis module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the currently determined fault level of the fault component and the fault levels of the fault components determined continuously for multiple times before, and determining a corresponding processing process.
Optionally, the apparatus for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle further includes:
and the sampling frequency determining unit is used for determining the sampling frequency for sampling the resonance signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle according to the vehicle speed of the vehicle.
Optionally, the resonance demodulation unit specifically includes:
the amplification unit is used for performing gain processing on the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle to obtain an amplified vibration signal;
the resonance unit is used for inputting the amplified vibration signal into a resonator to obtain a resonance signal output by the resonator;
a detection unit for demodulating the resonance signal into a resonance demodulation signal of a low frequency by using absolute value detection and envelope detection techniques;
and the high-frequency signal filtering unit is used for filtering the high-frequency signal in the low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using a low-pass filter to obtain the resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the technical scheme provides a vehicle mechanical rotating part fault diagnosis method and device, the method comprises the steps of processing a vibration signal of the vehicle mechanical rotating part by using a resonance demodulation technology to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the vehicle mechanical rotating part; filtering the interference signal in the resonance demodulation signal according to a preset interference signal frequency; determining whether the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has vibration impact according to the relation between the peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal for filtering the interference signal and a preset impact threshold, and performing time-frequency conversion on the resonance demodulation signal for filtering the interference signal to obtain a frequency signal after judging that the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has vibration impact; and finally, analyzing the frequency signals according to preset fault characteristic frequencies of all the components to determine the fault components. Weak signals are extracted by utilizing a resonance demodulation technology, so that the fault position can be timely detected and identified, and the driving safety is improved. The accuracy of fault diagnosis is improved by filtering the interference signals; and determining whether the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has vibration impact according to the relationship between the peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal for filtering the interference signal and a preset impact threshold, thereby reducing a large amount of unnecessary detection.
Furthermore, a fault impact decibel value is obtained through calculation by combining a fault impact formula, and quantification of fault impact is achieved.
Furthermore, the failure level of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle is subjected to statistical analysis continuously for multiple times, so that the false alarm of the failure is reduced.
Still further, according to the speed of the vehicle, the sampling frequency for sampling the resonance signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle is determined, so that irrelevant vibration interference can be effectively filtered.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frequency characteristic of a resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of resonance demodulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a resonance demodulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fault diagnosis device for a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Mechanical rotating parts of vehicles include bearings, gears and the like. The acceleration sensor is arranged near the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle to be monitored and is used for collecting a longitudinal acceleration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle to be monitored, namely a vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle. When the vehicle speed is greater than the preset vehicle speed threshold value, the vehicle mechanical rotating part fault diagnosis method provided by the invention is executed to improve the diagnosis efficiency. Referring to fig. 1, the method for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a vehicle-mounted T-BOX (Telematics BOX), and may also be applied to a controller with data processing capability, such as a vehicle controller or other driving computers provided in a vehicle; in some cases, the method can also be applied to a server on the network side. Referring to fig. 1, the method may include the steps of:
s11: and processing the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle by utilizing a resonance demodulation technology to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle.
When mechanical faults occur on mechanical rotating parts of the vehicle, the vibration signals are rigid metal vibration signals and are very weak periodic signals, and the signals are buried in strong vehicle vibration and electrical noise. The invention utilizes resonance demodulation technology to extract the signal. The acceleration sensor is arranged at the position where a vibration signal can be transmitted when a mechanical rotating part of the vehicle breaks down, longitudinal waves radiated by the vibration signal in the machine are detected, and the electrical signal detected and output by the acceleration sensor excites the generalized resonance of an electronic circuit, so that the weak fault impact signal is detected and collected.
The resonance demodulation technique is to set a resonator with a resonance frequency much higher than that of the conventional vibration to absorb and redistribute the energy of the vibration signal. Conventional vibration signals which do not harm the safety of the machine are soft and do not contain the energy which can be absorbed by the frequency band of the resonator, and the resonator has no output related to the energy; the fault shock, however small, also contains much more high frequency energy than the low frequency vibration, and its shock can excite the resonator to resonate.
The resonator is essentially a second order high-Q band-pass filter that amplifies signals near the center frequency and filters signals at other frequencies to exhibit frequency characteristics similar to mechanical resonance. In one embodiment, two second-order high-Q band-pass filters are connected in series to obtain the desired fourth-order resonator. The frequency characteristics of the two resonators are shown in fig. 2. Where line 1 is the frequency characteristic of the first stage resonator and line 2 is the frequency characteristic of the second stage resonator.
In the present invention, the resonance frequency of the resonator is designed according to the operating environment of the rotating part of the vehicle. Specifically, the resonant frequency of the designed resonator is related to the parameters of the specific vehicle model and the specific mechanical component. For example, when a certain bearing runs at 10KM/H, the bearing of the vehicle A rotates for 1 circle/S, and the bearing of the vehicle B rotates for 100 circles/S; then a pit occurs in the bearings causing a shock frequency of 1Hz for car a and 100Hz for car B. Then for this bearing the resonance frequency of the resonator can be set to 1-100Hz for car a and to 100-1000Hz for car B.
S12: and filtering the interference signals in the resonance demodulation signals according to the preset interference signal frequency.
The vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle can be changed to a certain extent in the processes of acquisition, transmission and resonance demodulation by the sensor under the influence of self vibration and other electrical interference signals when the vehicle runs, and even the real fault impact information can be submerged by other vibration signals. And step S12 is executed, and the interference signals in the resonance demodulation signals are filtered by combining the corresponding interference characteristics, so that the accuracy of fault diagnosis is improved.
S13: and calculating to obtain the peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered.
The crest factor is the ratio of the signal peak to the effective value, representing the extreme extent of the peak in the waveform.
S14: and judging whether the peak value factor is larger than a preset impact threshold value, and if so, determining that the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has impact.
In most cases, the collected vibration signal has no vibration impact, and if the vibration signal without vibration impact is also diagnosed, a large amount of unnecessary inspection time is wasted, so that in the initial stage of diagnosis, steps S13 and S14 are executed, and whether the vibration impact exists is detected by using the peak value of the vibration signal, so that the online fault diagnosis is more effective.
S15: and after judging that the vehicle rotating part has vibration impact, performing time-frequency conversion on the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered out to obtain a frequency signal.
Specifically, the FFT (fast Fourier transform) may be used to perform time-frequency conversion on the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered out, so as to obtain a frequency signal. The resulting frequency signal is shown in the spectral portion of fig. 3.
S16: and analyzing the frequency signals according to preset fault characteristic frequencies of all the components to determine the fault components.
The method comprises the steps of analyzing mechanical rotating parts of the vehicle in advance to obtain fault characteristic frequencies of the parts. A mechanical rotating component of a vehicle such as a bearing and a gear has the following fault characteristics:
wherein f isnThe bearing rotation frequency is shown, z is the number of rolling elements, D is the bearing diameter, D is the rolling element diameter, and alpha is the contact angle. The interval frequency of the impact vibration of the inner ring, the outer ring and the rolling body is the preset fault characteristic frequency of each component.
According to the fault diagnosis method for the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle, the weak signal is extracted by using the resonance demodulation technology, the fault position is timely detected and identified, and the driving safety is improved. The accuracy of fault diagnosis is improved by filtering the interference signals; and determining whether the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has vibration impact according to the relationship between the peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal for filtering the interference signal and a preset impact threshold, thereby reducing a large amount of unnecessary detection.
Referring to fig. 3, the principle of resonance demodulation is shown. The resonance demodulation technology comprises processes of amplification, resonance, demodulation and the like. The specific process of resonance demodulation is shown in fig. 4, and includes the following steps:
s41: and performing gain processing on the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle to obtain an amplified vibration signal.
Specifically, a vibration signal of a mechanical rotating part of the vehicle is input to an adaptive amplifier, and an amplified vibration signal is obtained.
S42: and inputting the amplified vibration signal into the resonator to obtain a resonance signal output by the resonator.
The resonance signal obtained by executing step S42 amplifies the characteristics of the failure signal compared to the amplified vibration signal.
S43: the resonance signal is demodulated into a low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using absolute value detection and envelope detection techniques.
The resonance signal output from the resonator is a relatively high-frequency signal, and the signal is directly sampled and extracted, and an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) device with a very high conversion rate is required. Step S43 is executed to obtain a low-frequency resonance demodulation signal for digital processing of the signal.
S44: and filtering out a high-frequency signal in the low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using a low-pass filter to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle.
After the step of analyzing the frequency signal according to the preset fault characteristic frequency of each component and determining the fault component, the method may further include: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the diameter and the rotating speed of a shaft where a fault component is located, and detecting to obtain the peak amplitude of an envelope curve of a vibration signal of a mechanical rotating component of the vehicle; substituting the obtained diameter, the rotating speed and the peak amplitude into a fault impact formula to obtain a fault impact decibel value; and determining the fault level of the fault component according to the fault impact decibel value. And (4) calculating to obtain a fault impact decibel value by combining a fault impact formula, and realizing the quantification of fault impact.
The fault impact formula is:
wherein SV is the peak amplitude of the envelope curve, which is a dimensionless value; n is the rotating speed of the shaft where the fault component is located, D is the diameter of the shaft where the fault component is located, and A is a fault impact decibel value;
after the fault level of the fault component is obtained, the currently determined fault level of the fault component and the fault levels of the fault components continuously determined for multiple times before can be subjected to statistical analysis, and a corresponding processing process is determined. For example, in order to avoid that vibration caused by the fact that a deceleration strip or a road is rough is just overlapped with a fault frequency, after faults of more than a certain level of a certain component are continuously detected for multiple times, a driver is warned, and false alarm of the faults is reduced.
And different alarms are carried out for different fault levels. For example, the failure levels may be classified into high, medium, and low levels. After a plurality of consecutive high fault levels, the alarm immediately stops and calls the trailer to pull. And after fault levels are continuously carried out for multiple times, giving an alarm to slowly drive to a car repair factory. And after low fault levels are continuously carried out for multiple times, the maintenance is carried out when the alarm is given for maintenance.
In one embodiment, the sampling frequency at which the resonance signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle is sampled is determined based on the vehicle speed of the vehicle. The repetition period of the fault surge signal is inversely proportional to the speed of the vehicle. The impact signal is sampled by using the vehicle speed, so that irrelevant vibration interference can be effectively filtered, and the frequency spectrum characteristic of the fault impact signal is solidified. For example, a tire has a failure and a wheel makes one revolution to generate an impact. If the vehicle speed is 10km/h, the rotating speed of the wheels is 1 circle/s, the impact frequency is 1hz, and the ideal sampling frequency is 2hz, so that the impact of other high frequencies can be filtered; if the wheel speed is 2 revolutions/s at a vehicle speed of 20km/h, the impact frequency is 2hz, and the sampling frequency is ideally 4 hz. So as to effectively filter out irrelevant vibration interference.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention.
The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention that may be used to perform embodiments of the method of the present invention. For details which are not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, reference is made to the embodiments of the method of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 5, the apparatus for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a resonance demodulation unit 51, an interference signal filtering unit 52, a peak factor calculation unit 53, an impact primary detection unit 54, a time-frequency conversion unit 55, and a fault impact spectral line identification unit 56.
The resonance demodulation unit 51 is configured to process the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating component of the vehicle by using a resonance demodulation technique to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating component of the vehicle.
The interference signal filtering unit 52 is configured to filter an interference signal in the resonance demodulation signal according to a preset interference signal frequency.
And a peak factor calculating unit 53, configured to calculate a peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered.
And the impact primary detection unit 54 is used for judging whether the peak value factor is larger than a preset impact threshold value, and if so, determining that the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has impact.
And the time-frequency conversion unit 55 is configured to perform time-frequency conversion on the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered out after it is determined that the vehicle rotating component has vibration impact, so as to obtain a frequency signal.
And the fault impact spectral line identification unit 56 is used for analyzing the frequency signals according to preset fault characteristic frequencies of all the components to determine the fault components.
Optionally, the apparatus for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle further includes: the device comprises a first parameter acquisition unit, a second parameter acquisition unit, a fault impact precision diagnosis unit and a fault level determination unit.
And the first parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring the diameter and the rotating speed of a shaft on which the fault component is positioned.
And a second parameter acquisition unit for detecting the peak amplitude of the envelope curve of the vibration signal of the faulty component.
The fault impact precision diagnosis unit is used for substituting the diameter, the rotating speed and the peak amplitude into a fault impact formula to obtain a fault impact decibel value, and the fault impact formula is as follows:
wherein SV is the peak amplitude of the envelope curve, n is the rotating speed of the shaft where the fault component is located, D is the diameter of the shaft where the fault component is located, and A is the fault impact decibel value.
And the fault level determining unit is used for determining the fault level of the fault component according to the fault impact decibel value.
Optionally, the apparatus for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle further includes:
and the comprehensive alarm decision analysis module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the fault level of the currently determined fault component and the fault levels of the fault components determined continuously for multiple times before, and determining a corresponding processing process.
Optionally, the apparatus for diagnosing a fault of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle further includes:
and the sampling frequency determining unit is used for determining the sampling frequency for sampling the resonance signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle according to the vehicle speed of the vehicle.
Optionally, the resonance demodulating unit 51 specifically includes: the device comprises an amplifying unit, a resonance unit, a detection unit and a high-frequency signal filtering unit.
And the amplifying unit is used for performing gain processing on the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle to obtain an amplified vibration signal.
And the resonance unit is used for inputting the amplified vibration signal into the resonator to obtain a resonance signal output by the resonator.
And a detection unit for demodulating the resonance signal into a low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using absolute value detection and envelope detection techniques.
And the high-frequency signal filtering unit is used for filtering the high-frequency signal in the low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using the low-pass filter to obtain the resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating component of the vehicle.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts shown as units may or may not be physical units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are mainly described as different from other embodiments, the same and similar parts in the embodiments may be referred to each other, and the features described in the embodiments in the present description may be replaced with each other or combined with each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A method of diagnosing a fault in a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle, comprising:
processing a vibration signal of a mechanical rotating part of a vehicle by utilizing a resonance demodulation technology to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle;
filtering the interference signal in the resonance demodulation signal according to a preset interference signal frequency;
calculating to obtain a peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered;
judging whether the peak value factor is larger than a preset impact threshold value or not, and if so, determining that the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has impact;
after the fact that the vehicle rotating part is impacted is judged, time-frequency conversion is conducted on the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered out, and a frequency signal is obtained;
and analyzing the frequency signal according to preset fault characteristic frequency of each component to determine a fault component.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the step of analyzing the frequency signal based on the predetermined failure characteristic frequency of each component to determine a failed component, the method further comprises:
acquiring the diameter and the rotating speed of a shaft where the fault component is located;
detecting and obtaining the peak amplitude of the envelope curve of the vibration signal of the fault component;
substituting the diameter, the rotating speed and the peak amplitude into a fault impact formula to obtain a fault impact decibel value, wherein the fault impact formula is as follows:
wherein SV is the peak amplitude of the envelope curve, n is the rotating speed of a shaft where the fault component is located, D is the diameter of the shaft where the fault component is located, and A is the fault impact decibel value;
and determining the fault level of the fault component according to the fault impact decibel value.
3. The method of diagnosing a malfunction of a mechanical rotating component of a vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising, after the step of determining a malfunction level of the malfunctioning component based on the malfunction impact decibel value:
and carrying out statistical analysis on the currently determined fault level of the fault component and the fault levels of the fault components determined continuously for multiple times before, and determining a corresponding processing process.
4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising, before the step of processing the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating component by the resonance demodulation technique to obtain the resonance demodulated signal of the mechanical rotating component, a step of:
according to the vehicle speed of the vehicle, the sampling frequency for sampling the resonance signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle is determined.
5. The method for diagnosing the failure of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the processing of the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle by using the resonance demodulation technique to obtain the resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle specifically includes:
performing gain processing on the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle to obtain an amplified vibration signal;
inputting the amplified vibration signal into a resonator to obtain a resonance signal output by the resonator;
demodulating the resonance signal into a low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using absolute value detection and envelope detection techniques;
and filtering out a high-frequency signal in the low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using a low-pass filter to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle.
6. A failure diagnosis device for a mechanical rotating member of a vehicle, comprising:
the resonance demodulation unit is used for processing the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle by using a resonance demodulation technology to obtain a resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle;
the interference signal filtering unit is used for filtering the interference signal in the resonance demodulation signal according to a preset interference signal frequency;
the peak factor calculation unit is used for calculating and obtaining a peak factor of the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered;
the impact primary detection unit is used for judging whether the peak factor is larger than a preset impact threshold value or not, and if so, determining that the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle has impact;
the time-frequency conversion unit is used for performing time-frequency conversion on the resonance demodulation signal with the interference signal filtered out after judging that the vehicle rotating component has impact to obtain a frequency signal;
and the fault impact spectral line identification unit is used for analyzing the frequency signals according to preset fault characteristic frequencies of all the components to determine the fault components.
7. The vehicular mechanical rotating member failure diagnostic device according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising:
the first parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring the diameter and the rotating speed of a shaft where the fault component is located;
the second parameter acquisition unit is used for detecting and obtaining the peak amplitude of the envelope curve of the vibration signal of the fault component;
and the fault impact precision diagnosis unit is used for substituting the diameter, the rotating speed and the peak amplitude into a fault impact formula to obtain a fault impact decibel value, wherein the fault impact formula is as follows:
wherein SV is the peak amplitude of the envelope curve, n is the rotating speed of a shaft where the fault component is located, D is the diameter of the shaft where the fault component is located, and A is the fault impact decibel value;
and the fault level determining unit is used for determining the fault level of the fault component according to the fault impact decibel value.
8. The vehicular mechanical rotating member failure diagnostic device according to claim 7, characterized by further comprising:
and the comprehensive alarm decision analysis module is used for carrying out statistical analysis on the currently determined fault level of the fault component and the fault levels of the fault components determined continuously for multiple times before, and determining a corresponding processing process.
9. The vehicular mechanical rotating member failure diagnostic device according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising:
and the sampling frequency determining unit is used for determining the sampling frequency for sampling the resonance signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle according to the vehicle speed of the vehicle.
10. The device for diagnosing the malfunction of the mechanical rotating member of the vehicle according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the resonance demodulating unit specifically includes:
the amplification unit is used for performing gain processing on the vibration signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle to obtain an amplified vibration signal;
the resonance unit is used for inputting the amplified vibration signal into a resonator to obtain a resonance signal output by the resonator;
a detection unit for demodulating the resonance signal into a resonance demodulation signal of a low frequency by using absolute value detection and envelope detection techniques;
and the high-frequency signal filtering unit is used for filtering the high-frequency signal in the low-frequency resonance demodulation signal by using a low-pass filter to obtain the resonance demodulation signal of the mechanical rotating part of the vehicle.
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Application publication date: 20201113 |