CN1682021A

CN1682021A - Internally mounted radial flow intercooler for a combustion air charger

Info

Publication number: CN1682021A
Application number: CNA03822271XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: S·P·米申基; R·J·巴尔夫尼特; J·J·亨尼斯; K·M·康奈尔
Original assignee: Modine Manufacturing Co
Current assignee: Modine Manufacturing Co
Priority date: 2002-09-20
Filing date: 2003-08-25
Publication date: 2005-10-12
Also published as: MXPA05002904A; DE60319111D1; EP1546522B1; US7278472B2; JP2006500502A; EP1546522A1; CA2499376A1; WO2004027234A1; US20040055740A1; RU2005107715A; DE60319111T2; BR0314625A; AU2003265660A1

Abstract

An improved combustion air charger, such as a turbocharger or a supercharger, includes a housing (10) having a rotary shaft (18) journalled therein. At least one compressor wheel (20,22) is located on the shaft (18). The housing (10) includes an ambient inlet (30) as well as a compressed air outlet (32) and a heat exchanger (36) is located between at least one of the compressor wheels (20) and the outlet (32) and is arranged so that air flow through the heat exchanger (36) is generally in the radially inward direction.

Description

The built-in Radial Flow interstage cooler that is used for combustion air charger made

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of heat exchanger, as at the combustion air supercharging device of the motor interstage cooler in turbosupercharger or the pressurized machine for example.

Background technique

Combustion air charger made (charger) for example turbosupercharger or pressurized machine was used for motor a lot of years, in internal-combustion engine.In turbosupercharger, at least one rotary compressor impeller is by the exhaust gas drive of motor.In pressurized machine, at least one rotary compressor impeller is the Mechanical Driven by the rotation output of motor usually.In both cases, compressor impeller is used for entering motor so that compressed this air before this motor is supported burning at ambient air.Because air compresses, therefore, it give oxygen molecule content in the constant volume than more in the equal volume of air under the ambient pressure.Therefore, additional oxygen makes more substantial fuel combustion like this, for the power plant of given size, can produce bigger power output owing to the pressurized combustion air.

In these years, the efficient of determining such combustion air supercharging device can improve by using so-called component cooling system.Because air when compression with heating, therefore, owing to the part of the efficient of at first using combustion air supercharging device (the combustion air density that is supply engine increases) to produce will be lost, because when pressure is identical, the oxygen that the hot compressed air of a constant volume comprises than same volume than the cold compression air still less.Therefore, for setting pressure, when motor is burnt, compare with the identical supercharging under uniform pressure when the higher temperature, colder combustion air supercharging can produce more high-power in motor.

Therefore, aforementioned interstage cooler is used for leaving combustion air charger made (or combustion air charger made level) this air of cooling afterwards and before it enters motor at air, so that provide maximum oxygen molecule content for any setting pressure.

Under many circumstances, interstage cooler will be as common rectangle heat exchanger, and installs or be installed in the front or the back of this common heat exchanger side by side with the common heat exchanger that is used for the cooled engine freezing mixture.Although this structure is suitable for carrying out the cooling of pressurized combustion air, be subjected to some restriction aspect useful size that it may be in engine compartment and the volume, for example, and in automobile, the various heat exchangers that this engine compartment holds motor and is used to cool off.Also may need a large amount of flexible pipes to connect between turbosupercharger, interstage cooler and engine combustion air intlet, these all must need the flexible pipe of relatively large diameter, because the density of combustion air is lower, so volume is bigger.

Therefore, proposed in combustion air charger made self, to comprise interstage cooler,, and avoided bulky flexible pipe to connect as much as possible so that compacter combustion air supercharging and component cooling system is provided.Target wherein is that middle cooling heat exchanger is included in the combustion air charger made, and like this, it can be safeguarded at an easy rate, needs minimum pipeline to connect, and can excessively not increase the volume of combustion air charger made.

These problems in middle cooling heat exchanger the present invention relates to provide preferred version, and this centre cooling heat exchanger will be positioned at the combustion air charger made of motor.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of novelty and improved rotary compressor, and it cools off, and is used to provide the cooled compressed air of various uses.The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improvement combustion air supercharging device with bosom cooler, this combustion air supercharging device is compacter than known system, safeguards easily, and/or need be connected minimum with the pipeline of motor (system is used for this motor).

According to an aspect of the present invention, example embodiment of the present invention has realized one or more above-mentioned purposes with a kind of rotating machinery, and this rotating machinery comprises: rotatable shaft has at least one compressor impeller on this rotatable shaft; And housing, this housing holds compressor impeller, and the import and the outlet of leading to compressor impeller arranged.Heat exchanger is arranged in the housing, and between compressor impeller and outlet.Heat exchanger comprises core, and this core has gas flow path, and this gas flow path has substantially radially extension, and gas inlet that is communicated with the compressor impeller fluid and the gas outlet that is communicated with housing outlet fluid are arranged.Coolant flowing path is arranged in the heat exchanger, with gas flow path be heat exchanging relation, and have and extend axially part substantially.Heat exchanger is the toroidal cores that comprises flow passage, and this core is concentric with axle substantially.

In a preferred embodiment, air-flow is for radially inside, and the section area of gas flow path along with from gas inlet before gas outlet and then reduce size.When needing, the variation of section area can be stepped shape, perhaps gradually changes.

In one embodiment, core comprises central opening, and the radius of this central opening is greater than the radius of compressor impeller, so that make heat exchanger to pull down from its position in housing through compressor impeller by endwisely slipping.

In another embodiment of the present invention, toroidal cores is made up of a plurality of independently toxoplasms, and the radius of its central opening can be less than the radius of compressor impeller.In this embodiment of the present invention, heat exchanger can be pulled down by one section toxoplasm with connecing one section toxoplasm, for use in maintenance.

In one embodiment of the invention, the gas inlet of leading to heat exchanger is positioned at the radial outside position with respect to gas outlet.

In preferred embodiment, heat exchanger has toroidal cores, and this toroidal cores has the central opening concentric with axle, and gas inlet is determined by the outer radial periphery of core.Outlet inwardly comes definite by the footpath of core in week.Coolant flowing path in core roughly axially extends to opposite side from a side.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of heat exchanger as the interstage cooler in the rotating machinery, this heat exchanger comprises the roughly core of cylindricality, and this core has the cylindrical openings center, is used to receive the rotary component of rotating machinery.Heat exchanger core determines that by the isolated tubular construction of at least one circular row this tubular construction circularizes row's axial elongation around open centre.At least one comb has been determined radially inner side and radial outside coolant flowing path, this coolant flowing path passes this core and extends axially between the two ends of core, and fin extends between tubular construction, so that determine roughly radially to stretch to from the outer radial periphery of core the air side flow passage of open centre between isolated tubular construction.Annular groove-shaped outlet/inlet collector (header) is installed on the end of core, and has: the radial outside part of annular, and it is communicated with radial outside coolant flowing path fluid; And the radially inner side part of annular, it is communicated with radially inner side flow passage fluid.Groove shape annular redirects collector and is installed on the opposite end of core, and is communicated with radially inner side and radial outside flow passage fluid.The male inlet port of axial orientation is arranged on the outlet/inlet collector, and is communicated with a described segment fluid flow, and the convex exit orifice of axial orientation is positioned on the outlet/inlet collector, and is communicated with another described segment fluid flow.

In a preferred embodiment, the outlet/inlet collector comprises ring diversion plate, and this guide plate with described part separately.

In a preferred embodiment, at least two calandria structures are arranged, a row has determined the coolant flowing path of radial outside, and another row has determined the coolant flowing path of radially inner side.

In optional embodiment of the present invention, each tubular construction is divided into radially inner side flow passage and radial outside flow passage.

One embodiment of the present of invention consider that the cross section of tubular construction is a wedge-type shape, and the radial outer end of relative broad and the radial inner end of relative narrower are arranged, and this radial outer end is connected by isolated sidewall with radial inner end.

In one embodiment, the sidewall of the adjacent tubes structure in a row toward each other, and opposing sidewalls almost parallel.

Preferably, wave-fin is between opposing sidewalls, and tubular construction is formed from tubes.

By below in conjunction with the description of the drawings, other purpose and the advantage of following specification will be known.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic sectional view of combustion air charger made of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the fragmentary, perspective view that is used for the heat exchanger of a kind of form of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the perspective view that expression is used for the optional form of heat exchanger of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the amplification partial sectional view of the heat exchanger shown in Fig. 2 in being installed on combustion air charger made the time;

Fig. 5 is the perspective view that expression can be used for a kind of fin structure among the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the view that is similar to Fig. 5, but has represented a kind of optional preferred form of fin structure;

Fig. 7 is the basic amplification view along the line 7-7 among Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the amplification view that can be used for a kind of pipe of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the view that is similar to Fig. 8, but has represented another kind of pipe;

Figure 10 is the partial sectional view that is similar to Fig. 7, but represented the structure of flat tube, plate fin;

Figure 11 is the partial sectional view that is similar to Fig. 8, has still represented the pipe that is in alignment with each other in adjacent tubes row; And

Figure 12 is the partial sectional view that is similar to Fig. 8 and 11, but has represented the single flat cross section pipe in the plate fin structure.

Embodiment

The special introduction of illustrated embodiments of the invention described here is the combustion air charger made of two-stage turbocharger form.But, should be known in that this explanation is to be used for purpose for example, rather than for combustion air charger made or turbosupercharger are limited or progression is limited.For example, the present invention can be effective to single-stage turbocharger, also can be used for single-stage or multistage supercharger.Equally, the present invention can be used for having any rotating machinery of rotary compressor impeller on axle, and wherein, suitable purposes comprises the gas that cooling is compressed by compressor impeller.For noted earlier, note with reference to figure 1.

Shown example embodiment of the present invention comprises housing, and this housing is formed by at least two

removable parts

12 and 14 by 10 totally expressions.Running shaft 18 by the suitable bearings (not shown) and journal rest in housing 10.In the embodiment shown, running shaft comprises first compressor impeller 20, second compressor impeller 22 and turbine 24, and they will be arranged in the housing (not shown) successively.As shown in arrow 26, turbine 24 is by the exhaust gas drive of internal-combustion engine, so that live axle 18.The exhaust that exhausts merit is discharged from turbine 24, and is as shown in arrow 28.

Housing 12 comprises ambient air inlet 30, and housing 14 comprises compressed air outlet (being schematically illustrated by arrow 32).The suction side that compressor impeller 20 is led in import 30 comes out from volute (schematically illustrating with 34) and export 32 outlet sides at compressor impeller 22.

Heat exchanger of the present invention (totally with 36 expressions) is included in the

housing

12,14, and wherein, these two

housings

12,14 link together by dismountable fastening piece 38, as schematically illustrating among the figure.Heat exchanger 36 is an annular, and comprises that the cylindrical surface 40 of radial outside, this cylindrical surface 40 determined to be used for the air intlet by the air passageways of heat exchanger 36.Radially inner side cylindrical surface 42 is formed for the air outlet slit of heat exchanger 36.

The sidepiece of heat exchanger provides: the outlet/inlet collector and the tank circuit (tank), and they are totally with 44 expressions, in side heat exchanger 36, that be arranged in housing 14; And the collector and the tank circuit that change direction, they are totally with 46 expressions, and in side heat exchanger 36, that be arranged in housing 12.Coolant manifold 48 is positioned at housing 14, leads to volute 34 sides, and at the radially inner side of the radial outside of volute 34 part.Manifold 48 is divided into radially inner side manifold part 52 and radial outside manifold part 54 by internal web or guide plate 50.System provides: coolant inlet, and this coolant inlet is schematically illustrated by arrow 56, and it stretches to radially inner side manifold part 52; And coolant outlet 58, this coolant outlet 58 represents that by arrow it stretches to radial outside manifold part 54.By the structure described in more detail as the back, freezing mixture (freezing mixture that for example is used for internal-combustion engine) enters turbosupercharger by import 56, and lead to radially inner side manifold part, it divides inflow at radially inner side first collector and the tank circuit partly from this radially inner side branch pipe part, so that axially flow to and reenter the collector and the tank circuit 46 by heat exchanger 36, reenter collector and the tank circuit 46 places at this, freezing mixture is reverse, so that flow through the radial outside part of heat exchanger 36 and return the outlet/inlet collector and the tank circuit 44.Freezing mixture enters radial outside manifold part 54 and leads to coolant outlet 58 from this collector and the tank circuit 44.This freezing mixture stream is by a series of

arrows

60,62 and 64 expressions.

Air flows through turbosupercharger as follows.Ambient air enters import 30, and leads to the suction side of compressor impeller 20.When compressor impeller 20 was driven by turbine 24, air compressed, and on the outer radial periphery of compressor impeller 20, discharging under the rising pressure, as shown in arrow 66.Pressurized air continuation radially outward flows through the annular space 68 (unshowned Diffuser is usually located in the space 68) between housing 12 and heat exchanger 36, this annular space part is by reentering the collector and the tank circuit 46, determining from reentering radially guide plate 70 and the axial diversion plate 72 that the collector and the tank circuit 46 extend radially inwardly, this axial diversion plate 72 stretches out from the radially inside part of guide plate 70, so as to be installed in housing 12, near on the part (not shown) of compressor impeller 20.

The radial outside of heat exchanger 36 or periphery 40 are radially inwardly spaced apart with

housing

12 and 14, thereby make the air that is compressed by turbine 20 redirect shown in arrow 74, so that enter in the heat exchanger 36 at outer radial periphery 40 places of heat exchanger 36.Then, air radially inward direction and cool off by heat exchanger 36 by the freezing mixture that axial flow is crossed aforementioned heat exchanger 36.Then, from the suction side of heat exchanger 36 rows to compressor impeller 22, then, it further compresses the pressurized air of cooling, enters then in the volute 34, shown in arrow 78 shown in arrow 76.Then, this pressurized air is arranged to internal-combustion engine as the compression and combustion air, so that support burning in this internal-combustion engine.When needing, between compressor impeller 22 and motor, comprise additional cooling class.Also can select, as previously mentioned, in single-stage turbocharger, compressor impeller 22 can omit, and at this moment, the air of inwardly discharging in week 42 from the footpath of heat exchanger 36 will directly enter the volute 34.

The back comprises the external diameter of inside all 42 the diameter in footpath of heat exchanger greater than turbine 20 with the feature of introducing of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1.Therefore, by taking off fastening piece 38 and make housing 12 separate with housing 14, heat exchanger 36 can be vertically in Fig. 1 the left side slide and slide around turbine 20 so that keep in repair.That is to say,, do not need turbine 20 is pulled down from axle 18 in order to pull down heat exchanger 36.

Can also know that the pipeline that is used for air and freezing mixture is contained in turbosupercharger self, thereby compact assembly is provided, and reduce the pipe-line system loss.For example, can avoid fully making that compressor is connected with external heat exchanger than the major diameter external hose.

Introduce an embodiment of heat exchanger 36 in more detail below with reference to Fig. 2.Heat exchanger 36 comprises core (totally with 80 expressions), and this core is clipped between collector and the tank circuit 44 and 46.The collector and the tank circuit 44 are annular groove, and it has bottom 82, and radial outside wall 84 and radially inner side wall 86 be at the sidepiece of this bottom 82, and they are against core 80, and inwardly all 42 places and this core 80 seal in outer radial periphery 40 and footpath respectively.Ring diversion plate 88 is in groove, and the tubular cylindrical inlet hole 92 that this guide plate 88 makes in the bottom tubular cylindrical exit orifice 90 that 82 radial outside partly locates and 82 the radially inner side in the bottom partly locate separates.When needing, can provide a plurality of

holes

90,92, preferably be in equal angles interval location around the collector and the tank circuit 44.

As shown in Figure 2, core self is made up of a plurality of annular plate fins 94, and these plate fins 94 provide suitable pipe slit, so that receive the pipe 96 of axial elongation, as shown in Figure 2, this pipe is arranged to four rows.When using the plate fin for example during plate fin 94, the opening of receiving tube 96 will have the cross section identical with pipe in plate fin 94, and will constitute and obtain close mechanical and cooperate, so that improve heat transfer.Soldering or braze metal also can be used for fin 94 and pipe 96 are fixed together.Pipe 96 is generally the flattened type of substantially elliptical or wedge shape section, will introduce as the back.Wedge shape section is preferred in the structure of using wave-fin, and flat tube can be used for plate fin or wave-fin structure.

The collector and the tank circuit 46 are similarly the flute profile ring, and it has bottom 100, and the sidepiece of this bottom 100 has the sidewall of partly locating at the radially inner side of core 80 part and radial outside 102 and 104, and with metallurgical method bonding be sealed on this sidewall 102 and 104.Therefore, the freezing mixture that flows into inlet hole 92 by two radially inner side pipes 96 axial lead to reentering the collector and the tank circuit 46.Because collector and the tank circuit 46 be guide plate (for example guide plate 88) not, freezing mixture stream radially outward when leaving pipe 96 and enter the collector and the tank circuit 46 moves to outermost tubes 96, and it is Returning outlet hole 90 thus.

As shown in Figure 2, heat exchanger 36 forms the monocycle in 360 ° gamut.But, as shown in Figure 3, heat exchanger 36 also can be broken into a plurality of independently toxoplasms (being expressed as 106,108 and 110).Each toxoplasm 106,108 and 110 provides

porose

90 and 92 and fin 94 and manage 96 (not shown among Fig. 3).When needing, this structure also can be used bigger heat exchanger.Particularly, for the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the footpath inwardly radius in week 42 is can ratio piston compressor impeller 20 littler, can also be easy to maintenance.At this moment, only need with housing 12 (Fig. 1) from housing 14 is pulled down after by make toxoplasm 106,108,110 individually vertically and combinations of directions radially move and the toxoplasm of heat exchanger 36 pulled down one by one.

Situation when Fig. 4 has represented the part that the embodiment with Fig. 2 is installed in the manifold 48.Particularly, manifold 48 comprises radially outer mouth or hole 112 and inner radial mouth or hole 114, and they align with

hole

90 and 92 respectively.Wherein, each mouthful 112,114 is tubular gasket/seal 116, and it seals slidably and receives a

corresponding hole

90,92, so that make heat exchanger 36 with respect to manifold 48 sealings.Like this, provide " insertion " structure, pull down thereby make heat exchanger 36 to be installed at an easy rate on the turbosupercharger or from this turbosupercharger.Importantly, heat exchanger 36 is fixed on the housing at manifold 48 places, but is not fixed on the turbocharger housing in other position.Therefore, heat exchanger 36 can axially expand in housing 10.This has reduced the stress that produces owing to the thermal cycle of using when heat exchanger, not using then and then when starting once more (resemble when engine running, shutdown and) occurs during use etc.

Fig. 5 has represented the embodiment who changes a little of the present invention, and wherein, heat exchanger 36 is made for a plurality of toxoplasms, and a toxoplasm has been represented in a part among Fig. 5.Plate fin 94 can be easy to see, and should be known in that in this specific embodiments the tube plate 120 of a

collector

44,46 is porose, so that two combs 96 only are provided.Pipe row separates by the aporate area 122 that aligns with guide plate 88 on the collector 44.By being also shown in Fig. 5 and 6, pipe 96 be a wedge shape section, and isolated flat sides 124,126 is arranged, their extensions and be connected with them between less relatively radial inner end 128 and relatively large radial outer end 130.Each row's pipe number is identical.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 and 7, can use wave-fin 126, because the relative flat sides of adjacent taper pipe 96 124,126 is parallel to each other, thereby can use wave-fin.This is preferred in some cases, because can use the common wave-fin that does not carry out changing, and provides the plate fin will need special tool.Simultaneously, the plate fin makes that respectively managing 96 outer cross section can change a little, so that obtain suitable flow performance (when this flow performance is very important in given purposes).

As shown in Figure 6, when needing, the pipe 96 in wave-fin or plate fin structure can interlock, and that is to say, the pipe of arranging at radially inner side 96 aligns with the fin of arranging at radial outside 126, and vice versa.This has increased air and has flow through the tortuous nature of the path of core 80, thereby improves heat transfer.

In high-pressure applications, each pipe can comprise a plurality of flow passages that separated by web, " becomes circle " so that prevent pipe under the high pressure effect.Usually, this will not be a problem when using the plate fin, and this may become problem when using wave-fin.

Single row of tubes can also be provided, for example use the pipe shown in Fig. 8.This is the taper pipe of extruding, and it has single web 134, and this web 134 is divided into radially inner side flow passage 136 and radial outside flow passage 138 with the inside of pipe.Collector 44 is constructed such that guide plate 88 will align with web 134, so that separate the fluid stream in the conduit 136 and 138.

Should be known in web 134 center of the pipe shown in the slip chart 8 from right to left, like this, flow passage 136 is identical with 138 section area.

When needing, can use pipe as shown in Figure 9.This pipe also is a wedge shape section, and can extrude.This pipe provides the flow passage 140 of a series of radially inner sides, and these flow passages 140 are separated by web 142, so that improve resistance to pressure.The flow passage 144 that also comprises a series of radial outsides, these flow passages 144 are also separated by web 142, so that also improve resistance to pressure.Each flow passage 140 and 144 has identical section area, and like this, the coolant velocity in the flow passage 140 of radially inner side will mate with the coolant velocity in the flow passage 144 of radial outside.Flow passage 140 and 144 can be by less white space 146 separately, and this white space 146 will align with guide plate 88.

Below the specific embodiment of introducing is used taper pipe,, but also can use the plate fin so that can use wave-fin.As mentioned above, wave-fin is easy to obtain, and can be used for heat exchanger of the present invention under situation about not changing.Generally speaking, high-pressure applications needs extruding pipe.But, in the relatively low pressure purposes, can use the welded wedge-shaped tubes (having the variable height inserting member on the inwall that is bonded in pipe) of common, recessed or rolling shape or have the similar flat tube of constant altitude inserting member.In fact, as conventional, well-known, must not use pipe.When using the plate fin, can provide flange in around openings as each plate fin of the part of pipe, this flange is nested in the aligned openings in the adjacent fins, and is sealed on this opening.Like this, have the plate fin stacking that is integral conduit (this conduit is as pipe) and provide tubular construction.This technology is not as a part of the present invention, and it is known in this field.It is just as a kind of acceptable possibility that uses pipe for example described here.

When inboard row and outboard tube row's pipe had identical outer cross section, the fin height of outboard row increased, and as shown in Figure 6, thereby has increased the air side surface area in heat exchanger, so that improve performance.

On the other hand, when the cross section of radial outside pipe is made for greatlyyer, so that when keeping same space between adjacent tubes, the fin with identical fin height can be used for all rows.This has increased the coolant flow area in the radial outside part of pipe to a certain extent, thereby may reduce the performance of the coolant side of heat exchanger, and it can overcome by the pipe that uses Fig. 9.

Below with reference to Figure 10-12, can also use other pipe and fin structure.In Figure 10, comprise flat tube 96 at the plate fin 150 (only having represented among the figure) of inboard row and outboard row (respectively with 152 and 154 totally expressions).Pipe 96 numbers in outboard row 154 are identical with pipe 96 numbers in inboard row 152.Should be known in that the pipe in inboard row 152 is staggered with respect to the pipe in the outboard row 154.Specifically, pipe 96 in inboard row 152 and the spatial alignment between two adjacent tubes 96 of outboard row 154 were provided for compressed-air actuated tortuous flow passage with convenient pressurized air at 96 o'clock by fin 150 and pipe.

In addition, can see, pipe 96 main shaft 153 center 155 by core when extending, but will be with tangent with the concentric round (not shown) in the center 155 of core.Known as everybody, the character of rotary compressor (for example rotary compressor of representing with 20 among Fig. 1) is like this, promptly the pressurized air that flows out from rotary compressor goes out stream and for example will rotate in a circumferential direction along direction shown in the arrow Figure 10 156, simultaneously along radial outside 40 (Fig. 1) axial motion of core.Pipe 96 tilts facing to the direction of swirling eddy 156, and makes gas carry out the transition to more smoothly in the space of managing between 96, so that make the rotational loss minimum of air-flow, thereby reduces the pressure loss.

Figure 11 has represented the pipe and the fin structure of optional type, and it is with identical shown in Figure 10, except the pipe in the inboard row 152 96 aligns with pipe 96 in the outboard row 154.

Figure 12 has represented that use has another embodiment of the plate fin 150 of single row of tubes (totally with 160 expressions).At this moment, the pipe in this row 160 is a flat tube, and they can constitute a plurality of conduits, and in conjunction with identical with described embodiment shown in Fig. 8 and 9.Also have, pipe 96 tilts facing to the swirl direction 156 of air-flow.

Should be known in Fig. 6,7 and 10-12 shown in embodiment in, when the radially inner side 42 of current path from the radial outside 40 of core towards core advanced, the section area of the current path by core reduced.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 and 7, this is because the fin height of the fin 126 among the fin 126 in radially inner side row and the radial outside row is different, as shown in Figure 7.Certainly, this embodiment uses taper pipe.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 10-12, use flat tube 96, because when the radially inner side from the radial outside 40 of core towards core extends, to manage 96 main shaft and restrain mutually, the sidewall of pipe also is like this.Therefore, when flowing, because pressurized air cools off in heat exchanger 36 along preferred orientations (just the outer radial periphery 40 from core flows to inside week 42 of footpath), therefore, when it flowed to littler volume area in the heat exchanger 36, it became finer and close, and its volume reduces.This feature of the present invention makes air keep speed through heat exchanger 36 time, so that increase heat exchanger efficiency under the situation that excessively boost pressure is not fallen.Should be known in that when air flows through the gas flow path of constant cross-section area the airspeed that flows through heat exchanger 36 will reduce gradually along with the pressurized air cooling, thereby reduce airspeed, reduce heat-transfer coefficient simultaneously.Therefore, above-mentioned feature of the present invention keeps proper level to increase heat transfer efficiency by making speed.

Certainly, when not consideration speed reduced, section area can be made for constant, and for example by using taper pipe, wherein, the adjacent side of adjacent tubes is parallel to each other, and arranged still less than radial outside at radially inner side row's pipe.

The reducing to can be used as stepped form of section area and realizing, as structure shown in Fig. 6 and 7, perhaps section area can progressively and gradually reduce to interior all 42 from periphery 40, shown in the embodiment of Figure 10-12.

Should be known in that of the present invention being characterized as makes pipe 96 tilt,, when being expressed as flat tube, also can realize by using taper pipe so that reduce pressure and fall by reducing rotational loss.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that above stated specification will be example and infinite.

Claims

1. comprise in the rotating machinery: one, this axle can rotate around an axis, and on this axle compressor impeller is arranged; Housing, the described axle of this housing journal rest, and hold described compressor impeller, and the import and the outlet of leading to described compressor impeller arranged;

Heat exchanger core in described housing is annular or toroidal, it is arranged to roughly with one heart around described axis, described core has roughly gas flow path radially, this gas flow path has radial outside import that is communicated with the outlet fluid of described compressor impeller and the radially inner side outlet that is communicated with described housing outlet fluid, described core also comprises coolant flowing path, this coolant flowing path and described gas flow path are heat exchanging relation, it is characterized in that: near the described gas flow path section area in described core outlet port than littler, when gas becomes finer and close owing to the freezing mixture in described coolant flowing path cools off, to avoid undesirably reducing in the gas velocity of described in-core near the described gas flow path section area of described core inlet.

2. rotating machinery according to claim 1, wherein: described section area cascade ground reduces.

3. rotating machinery according to claim 1, wherein: the section area of described gas flow path reduces gradually from described gas inlet towards described gas outlet.

4. comprise in rotating machinery: rotatable shaft has at least one compressor impeller on this rotatable shaft; Housing, this housing hold a described compressor impeller at least, and the import and the outlet of leading to compressor impeller arranged;

Heat exchanger in described housing is between described compressor impeller and described outlet, described heat exchanger has gas flow path, this gas flow path has extension substantially radially, and the gas outlet that the gas inlet that is communicated with described compressor impeller fluid is arranged and be communicated with described housing outlet fluid, described heat exchanger has toroidal cores, this core has central opening, this central opening is with one heart around described axle, and described gas inlet is determined by the outer radial periphery of core, and described gas outlet is determined by the footpath of core is inwardly all, coolant flowing path in described core roughly extends to opposite side from a side in described core, described coolant flowing path has common inlet and public outlet, described common inlet and public outlet are in the same side of core, and determine that by the respective circular tank circuit a plurality of bow-shaped sections that separate of this circular trough route form.

5. comprise in rotating machinery: rotatable shaft has at least one compressor impeller on this rotatable shaft; Housing, this housing hold a described compressor impeller at least, and the import and the outlet of leading to compressor impeller arranged;

Heat exchanger in described housing is between described compressor impeller and described outlet, described heat exchanger has gas flow path, this gas flow path has extension substantially radially, and the gas outlet that the gas inlet that is communicated with described compressor impeller fluid is arranged and be communicated with described housing outlet fluid, described heat exchanger has toroidal cores, this core has central opening, this central opening is with one heart around described axle, and described gas inlet is determined by the outer radial periphery of core, and described gas outlet is determined by the footpath of core is inwardly all, coolant flowing path in described core roughly extends to opposite side from a side in described core, described coolant flowing path has common inlet and public outlet, described common inlet and public outlet are in the same side of core, and determine by the respective circular tank circuit, this circle tank circuit has axial port, this axial port can align with the axial port in described housing, described tank circuit mouth and described housing mouth have sealing, the male/female structure of coupling, this makes described core, a side relative with described same side can be moved vertically with respect to described housing, and described core removably is fixed on the described housing.

6. rotating machinery according to claim 5, wherein: the radius of described central opening is greater than described compressor impeller.

7. rotating machinery according to claim 5, wherein: the radius of described central opening is less than described compressor impeller.

8. rotating machinery according to claim 7, wherein: described heat exchanger is made up of a plurality of bow-shaped sections.

9. comprise in rotating machinery: rotatable shaft has at least one compressor impeller on this rotatable shaft; Housing, this housing hold a described compressor impeller at least, and the import and the outlet of leading to compressor impeller arranged;

Heat exchanger in described housing is between described compressor impeller and described outlet, described heat exchanger has gas flow path, this gas flow path has extension substantially radially, and the gas outlet that the gas inlet that is communicated with described compressor impeller fluid is arranged and be communicated with described housing outlet fluid, described heat exchanger has toroidal cores, this core has central opening, this central opening is with one heart around described axle, and described gas inlet is determined by the outer radial periphery of core, and described gas outlet is determined by the footpath of core is inwardly all, coolant flowing path in described core roughly extends to opposite side from a side in described core, and determine by the elongated tubular construction that extends axially of at least one circular row, this tubular construction has wedge shape section, the radial outer end of relative broad and the radial inner end of relative narrower are arranged, and fin extends between described tubular construction.

10. rotating machinery according to claim 9, wherein: each described tubular construction has the isolated flat sides of extending between described end, and the relative flat sides of the adjacent tubes structure in described row is parallel to each other.

11. rotating machinery according to claim 10 also comprises: wave-fin, this wave-fin extends between the described relative flat sides of adjacent tubes structure, and is bonded on the described relative flat sides.

12. rotating machinery according to claim 9, wherein: at least two flow passages that separate are arranged in each tubular construction.

13. rotating machinery according to claim 9, wherein: the described tubular construction that at least two described rows are arranged.

14. rotating machinery according to claim 13, wherein: the tubular construction in a described row interlocks with respect to the tubular construction in described row's adjacent row.

15. rotating machinery according to claim 13, wherein: the spacing between the adjacent tubes structure in the described row of radial outside is greater than the spacing between the adjacent tubes structure in the described row of radially inner side.

16. in order to be used as the gas cooler in the rotating machinery, heat exchanger is used for this pressurized air of cooling before pressurized air uses, this heat exchanger combination has:

The core of cylindricality roughly, this cylindricality core has the cylindrical openings center, is used to receive the rotary component of combustion air charger made, and described heat exchanger has:

Core, this core is determined by the isolated tubular construction of at least one circular row, this tubular construction is axially elongation in around the annular row of described open centre, described at least one row has determined radially inner side and radial outside coolant flowing path, this coolant flowing path passes this core and axially extends between the side of core, and fin extends between tubular construction, so that determine the air side flow passage, this air side flow passage roughly radially stretches to open centre from the outer radial periphery of core by described fin and between isolated tubular construction;

The annular groove shape outlet/inlet collector and the tank circuit, it is assemblied in a side of described core, and annular radial external lateral portion that is communicated with described radial outside coolant flowing path fluid and the annular radial inside part that is communicated with described radially inner side flow passage fluid are arranged;

The annularly flow of channel form redirects the collector and the tank circuit, and it is assemblied in the opposite side of core, and is communicated with described radially inner side and radial outside flow passage fluid;

Axial male inlet port, this inlet hole is communicated with a described segment fluid flow on the described outlet/inlet collector and the tank circuit; And

Axial convex exit orifice on the described outlet/inlet collector and the tank circuit is communicated with another described segment fluid flow.

17. heat exchanger according to claim 16, wherein: the described outlet/inlet collector and the tank circuit comprise the ring diversion plate that separates described part.

18. heat exchanger according to claim 16, wherein: the described tubular construction of at least two rows is arranged, and a row has determined described radial outside coolant flowing path, and another row has determined described radially inner side flow passage.

19. heat exchanger according to claim 16, wherein: each described tubular construction is divided into radially inner side flow passage and radial outside flow passage.

20. heat exchanger according to claim 16, wherein: each described tubular construction is a wedge shape, and the radial outer end of relative broad and the radial inner end of relative narrower are arranged, and they connect by isolated sidewall.

21. heat exchanger according to claim 20, wherein: the sidewall of the adjacent tubes structure in described row toward each other, and opposing sidewalls almost parallel.

22. heat exchanger according to claim 21, wherein: wave-fin is between described opposing sidewalls.

23. heat exchanger according to claim 16, wherein: described tubular construction is formed from tubes.

24. comprise in rotating machinery: rotatable shaft has at least one compressor impeller on this rotatable shaft; Housing, this housing hold a described compressor impeller at least, and the import and the outlet of leading to described compressor impeller arranged;

Heat exchanger in described housing is between described compressor impeller and described outlet, described heat exchanger has gas flow path, this gas flow path has extension substantially radially, and the gas outlet that the gas inlet that is communicated with described compressor impeller fluid is arranged and be communicated with described housing outlet fluid, described heat exchanger has toroidal cores, this core has central opening, this central opening is with one heart around described axle, and described gas inlet is determined by the outer radial periphery of core, and described gas outlet is determined by the footpath of core is inwardly all, coolant hose structure in described core roughly extends to opposite side from a side in described core, described tubular construction is towards the lopsidedness of radius, the spin axis that this radius is passed described axle extends, and relative with the swirl direction of the gas that leaves described compressor impeller, falls so that reduce pressure.

25. rotating machinery according to claim 24, wherein: described tubular construction is at least two rows, and radially inner side row and radial outside row are drawn together in this two package, and one as described gas inlet, another is as described gas outlet, and described tipping tube structure is among the described row.

26. rotating machinery according to claim 25, wherein: described tipping tube structure is in described two row.