CN1674995A - Method and apparatus for measuring and adjusting the setting of a crusher - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for measuring and adjusting the setting of a crusher Download PDFInfo
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- CN1674995A CN1674995A CN 03818796 CN03818796A CN1674995A CN 1674995 A CN1674995 A CN 1674995A CN 03818796 CN03818796 CN 03818796 CN 03818796 A CN03818796 A CN 03818796A CN 1674995 A CN1674995 A CN 1674995A
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- disintegrating machine
- wearing terrain
- crusher
- wearing
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
- B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
- B02C1/025—Jaw clearance or overload control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
- B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
- B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
- B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
- B02C2/02—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved
- B02C2/04—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis
- B02C2/047—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers eccentrically moved with vertical axis and with head adjusting or controlling mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C7/00—Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills
- B02C7/11—Details
- B02C7/14—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling distance between, discs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
- B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
- B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
- B02C2013/1871—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate vertically adjustable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
- B02C13/14—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices
- B02C13/18—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
- B02C13/1807—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate
- B02C2013/1878—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor the material to be crushed being thrown against an anvil or impact plate radially adjustable
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
A method and apparatus are disclosed for measuring and monitoring the setting of a crusher, in which method the erosion of the wearing parts of the crusher are monitored by sensors capable of transmitting the measurement data to the crusher's automatic control system. Based on the received measurement data, the control system adjusts the crusher setting so as to maintain the setting at its predetermined value irrespective of the erosion of the crusher's wearing parts. The invention also relates to alternative embodiments of wear sensors for the wearing parts of a crusher. The measurement data indicating the amount of erosion in the wearing parts is transmitted wirelessly to the exterior side of the crusher.
Description
The present invention relates to disintegrating machine.More specifically, the present invention relates to measurement and adjustment that disintegrating machine is provided with, so that no matter the abrasion of disintegrating machine wearing terrain how, the desired location of disintegrating machine setting can be kept constant.The invention still further relates to the embodiment of the wear sensor of the another kind of mode of wearing terrain abrasion indication usefulness in the disintegrating machine.
A vertical eccentric shaft is arranged in the conical breaker, be manufactured with the interior thorax of inclination in the axle.The assembling crusher axis is equipped with support cone in the thorax on the main shaft.The support cone machine fuselage that is broken centers on, and outer abrasion member is installed on the fuselage, promptly is the bowl lining of knowing usually.In addition, abrasion member in another being installed on support cone, promptly is the roof liner of knowing usually.Roof liner and bowl lining are determined the chamber of disintegrating machine, the fragmentation of the material of packing into there jointly.Along with the rotation of eccentric shaft, main shaft and support cone enter swing motion thereupon, and the gap width between roof liner and the bowl lining on arbitrary set point constantly changes in each swing circle of eccentric shaft.Minimum gap width during complete cycle rotation is called the setting of disintegrating machine, and in addition, the difference of maximum gap width and minimum gap width is called the disintegrating machine stroke.By means of setting and stroke and the disintegrating machine rotating speed of adjusting disintegrating machine, can revise these running parameters with the size distribution that adapts to the rock particles that is broken and the production capacity of disintegrating machine.
The upper end of crusher axis often relies on a last load-bearing bearing to support crusher frame again.Therefore, the conical breaker of this pattern is commonly referred to gyratory crusher.
The hydraulic system that dependence can make main shaft move down with respect to size reduction machinery in vertical direction on one's body, gyratory crusher is made adjustable usually.Thus, being provided with of disintegrating machine can change, so that the granular size of the stone that is broken is fit to the particle size specification of present arrangement and/or make crusher liners being provided with of disintegrating machine how of no matter wearing and tearing always keep constant.
In the conical breaker of other types, the adjustment of disintegrating machine setting can be adopted otherwise, the disintegrating machine upper fuselage that the disintegrating machine roof liner is installed above making raises or reduction with respect to crusher lower frame, and the upright position of main shaft maintains static with respect to crusher lower frame.
In the impacting breakers, the fragmentation of the material of packing into betides the rotating part that includes the rubble bar and is installed between the breaker plates on the crusher frame inwall.There are a plurality of and rotating part that the breaker plates of different distance is arranged in this kind disintegrating machine, so that the broken material that is reduced gradually.To the big or small disintegrating machine setting of making control of the last granule of the stone that is broken, the desired location of the last breaker plates that on direct of travel, runs into when being decided by a material by disintegrating machine.In order to protect breaker plates, the wearing and tearing unit is attached to the effect that the breaker plates outside has made it the plane of disruption.
Impacting breakers has horizontal and vertical two kinds.
In jaw crusher, comprise two relative clamps in the crusher chamber, wherein, a clamp is installed on the front fuselage of disintegrating machine regularly, another clamp is the removable clamp that is connected on the swing unit that is called connecting rod, and its side plate links up disintegrating machine front fuselage and its back fuselage simultaneously.The crusher chamber that forms between two broken clamps is downward gradually narrow slit, and the distance between two clamp lower edges is called the setting of disintegrating machine.Pass an eccentric shaft by the eyelet on the connecting rod, it is installed in the bearing of crusher side plates and connecting rod.Eccentric shaft is connected on the flywheel by the external drive mechanical rotation.Rely on the effect of eccentric shaft, the removable clamp that is connected on the connecting rod is forced to realize the fragmentation campaign of ovalize basically with respect to fixing clamp.Usually, the setting of jaw crusher is to rely on the adjustment wedge that is provided with that is suitable for disintegrating machine back fuselage to adjust, adjust the toggle plate that wedge heads in the fuselage of disintegrating machine back and slide being provided with, also promptly be shifted with respect to fixing clamp so that the position of removable pressuring template lower edge is shifted with respect to disintegrating machine back fuselage.Also has the adjustment that is provided with of other known kinds, its a kind of being disclosed in the patent publications US 4,927,089.
Yet current do not have a kind of technology can be applied to the actual value that monitors that disintegrating machine is provided with.The method that routine techniques provides only help to monitor with disintegrating machine be provided with adjust and disintegrating machine parts that the wearing terrain supporting body is associated between the mutual alignment relation.But,, can not judge rate of depreciation again, so this position relation information is not enough to help disintegrating machine that the automation of adjustment is set owing to can not judge the actual (real) thickness of wearing terrain.Conventionally, the measurement of wearing and tearing at first is to the inspection of disintegrating machine wearing terrain enforcement by the schedule plan, then, estimates the adjustment that is provided with of needs in future according to check result.The stone type difference is very wide, even single quarrying source also like this, so above-mentioned method of estimation has proved and has not been very reliable.
Patent publications US 6,129, disclose a kind of method that monitors wearing terrain wearing and tearing progress in the disintegrating machine in 297.According to this invention, when institute reaches a degree of depth as recess on the rear surface of wearing terrain in disintegrating machine, show it is the degree of wear that the wearing terrain maximum is allowed in the disintegrating machine.In recess, fill the suitable material such as color composition.When the abrasion of wearing terrain reached the moment that recess exposes finally, on the surface of color composition with splatter wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine, crusher operator detected this wearing and tearing in view of the above easily and indicates.Yet because the abrasion inspection in the time of can not providing operation is arranged in the inspection of this type, disintegrating machine is out of service just can be checked and make always, and this will cause production capacity to be suffered a loss.And, according to the embodiment of described publication, because crusher operator must climb to watch in crusher chamber whether seeing color composition on the disintegrating machine, so the total correlation operating personnel are dangerous in security.Therefore, wearing terrain has arrived the limit that must change in the disintegrating machine because this layout just indicates, and it can not provide the real time monitoring of wearing terrain abrasion.
The sensor that is suitable for wearing terrain Stateful Inspection in the disintegrating machine can learn from patent publications DE 4312354 and DE 4308272 that in the present technique field wherein, the function of disclosed wear sensor is based on a kind of circuit that includes series resistance.The sensor of wearing part has the conductor that ruptures with the abrasion of wearing terrain, the resistance of sensor circuit is increased or reduces.
Disclose a kind of gyratory crusher hydraulic control system among the patent publications FI 96924, it is equipped with the main shaft that a hydraulic pressure supports.Here, the adjustment of disintegrating machine setting is by means of the control of the amount of liquid that the cylinder that is positioned at the main shaft low side is pumped into to its inside, thus, makes main shaft together with being installed on addendum cone above it with respect to crusher frame rising/decline.
According to the method for claim 1 with according to the equipment of claim 3, disclose a kind of in disintegrating machine working time amount with monitor the layout of disintegrating machine desired location now.In claim 9,11 and 16, disclose some sensors again, be used to measure the abraded quantity of wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine.
In method of the present invention, the measurement of wearing terrain abraded quantity is carried out on this machine when disintegrating machine moves, and therefore, no matter how the abrasion of wearing terrain can make the setting of disintegrating machine always be controlled on the steady state value.
Rely on the wherein wear sensor of installing according to device of the present invention, help real time monitoring disintegrating machine wearing terrain.Subsequently, the measurement data that indicates the degree of wear of wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine can be transferred to the warning system or the automatic control system of disintegrating machine.In addition, disintegrating machine is provided with the weight-bearing surface position relation each other that sensor that adjusting device disposes can be measured the disintegrating machine wearing terrain.Subsequently, the measurement data that indicates relative position between each weight-bearing surface of disintegrating machine wearing terrain also is transferred to the automatic control system of disintegrating machine.The measurement data that dependence indicates the measurement data of disintegrating machine wearing terrain wear condition and indicates relative position between the disintegrating machine wearing terrain weight-bearing surface, the disintegrating machine automatic control system can be adjusted the position of disintegrating machine wearing terrain weight-bearing surface, therefore, no matter the wearing and tearing of disintegrating machine wearing terrain how, and it is constant always can to keep being provided with of disintegrating machine.
In equipment of the present invention, by wireless technology advantageously implementation information transmission in another way.Here, the thickness transducer of wearing terrain is configured to radio transmitting device,, simultaneously, includes the device that receives transmitted information in the external control system to the external transmission information of disintegrating machine.Required electric energy when the power supply that this kind sensing system can dispose a necessity again produces system works, thus can make sensing system advantageously be configured to the entity of supporting oneself, and it is contained in the disintegrating machine wearing terrain along with motion.Therefore, can solve in information transmission and the power supply wiring problem aspect feeding.
The power supply of sensor is fed and for example can be used battery and realize.Another kind of mode also can produce the electric power of supplying with the sensor use from the motion of disintegrating machine wearing terrain by means of the device that kinetic energy can be transformed into electric energy.This kind arranged the known automatic watch that for example has.Essential electric energy can produce with piezoelectric device again, or dependence for example is that radio-frequency technique is from obtaining electric energy around the electromagnetic field of disintegrating machine.
In the simplest structure, the information of gathering according to device of the present invention can be used input information as the disintegrating machine warning system, when the fast abrasion of the wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine are most, warning system is reported to the police to crusher operator.
A kind of embodiment of the sensor that exploitation is used in according to device of the present invention, wherein comprise a resistor network that is embedded in the disintegrating machine wearing terrain, make of the abrasion variation of the resistance of this resistor network, transfer out a measuring-signal that changes with abraded quantity in view of the above with wearing terrain.
The wear sensor of summarizing above helps to measure in real time wearing terrain, need not do standard operation.According to the degree that from the wear measurement data, calculates the wearing terrain wearing and tearing, compare with prior art, can firmly believe more accurately to the setting of disintegrating machine now.Simultaneously, can also realize the wear extent monitoring (for example being percent value) of disintegrating machine wearing terrain reliably, estimate rate of depreciation, and the demand of changing spare part during definite wearing terrain life termination.Disclose a kind of data collecting system among the patent application FI 20010673, it is suitable for sending wearing terrain automatically according to the information that obtains from sensor and changes order.
The way of the wearing and tearing of another kind of supervision disintegrating machine wearing terrain for example is the ultrasonic wave mode of using ultrasound sensor.Here, utilize the reflection characteristic of wearing terrain outer surface to detect abraded quantity.
Also have another kind of mode, can use strain gage, whereby, utilize wearing terrain to determine abraded quantity because of the distortion that abrasion causes as sensor.
Can accomplish to keep being provided with of disintegrating machine constant according to wearing and tearing supervision of the present invention and control system, can guarantee the final product quality even of disintegrating machine thus.Compare with the layout of routine, the native system management is easy, and operating personnel need not climb on the disintegrating machine just can learn wear information easily and safely.Measure to carry out with continuing, needn't stop to produce.Like this, the wearing terrain of disintegrating machine is used " damage before at the last moment ", not worry that the wearing terrain wearing and tearing are excessive and cause the disintegrating machine damage.According to the information that system transmitted, the user can set up an automatic spare part ordering system, and this provides the additional benefit of optimizing Parts Inventory again.And, needn't be unexpected surprised to the difference of packing into material in fragmentation.
More specifically, it is characterized in that characteristic part in the claim 1 according to method of the present invention, it is characterized in that characteristic part in the claim 3 according to equipment of the present invention, make usage it is characterized in that characteristic part in the claim 9,11 and 16 according to wear sensor of the present invention and wear sensor.
Below, at length illustrate the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 illustrates and disposes the prior art gyratory crusher of going up according to the present invention's wear sensor;
Fig. 2 illustrates and disposes the prior art conical breaker of going up according to the present invention's wear sensor;
Fig. 3 illustrates and disposes the prior art impacting breakers of going up according to the present invention's wear sensor;
Fig. 4 illustrates and disposes the prior art jaw crusher of going up according to the present invention's control system;
Fig. 5 illustrates the structure according to the wearing part of the present invention's wear sensor;
Fig. 6 and 7 illustrates the embodiment of sonac location in the disintegrating machine wearing terrain; And
Fig. 8 and 9 illustrates the embodiment of strain gauged predetermined bits in the disintegrating machine wearing terrain.
With reference to figure 1, the disintegrating machine critical piece shown in the figure has: following fuselage 1, last fuselage 2, main shaft 3, support cone 4, outer lining 5, liner 6, crusher chamber 7, driving shaft 8, eccentric shaft 9, and control plunger 10.
Crusher frame comprises two formants: following fuselage 1 and last fuselage 2.Their aspect of working in coordination is equipped with outer lining (go up lining) 5 on last fuselage, liner (lining down) 6 is installed on the support cone 4 on the main shaft 3, determines crusher chamber 7 by inside and outside lining, treat that broken material is packed crusher chamber 7 into from the disintegrating machine top in.
An adaptive driving shaft 8 that eccentric shaft 9 is played the driving effect on following fuselage.In addition, eccentric shaft is produced the interior thorax that a central shaft with respect to crusher chamber has inclination, so that in thorax, hold main shaft 3.So, when rotating by the drive shaft eccentric shaft, make to be inserted in that the main shaft in the thorax unsteadily rotates in the eccentric shaft in crusher frame inside.
Disintegrating machine is provided with 11 and is defined as relative distance minimum between outer lining and the liner, and its adjustment is by means of pumping liquid medium in the cavity of reserving between control plug 10 and the following fuselage 1 is set.
The mutual alignment of crusher liners weight-bearing surface monitors by sensor 14 is set, can determine to control the height of plug 10 with respect to following fuselage 1 whereby.Know when this is provided with, can adopt mathematical measure to determine liner 6 is played the support cone 4 of weight-bearing surface effect and outer lining 5 played relative position between the last fuselage 2 of weight-bearing surface effect.Monitor the abrasion of wearing terrain by the wear sensor 12,13 that is arranged at the position of lining shown in the figure.Transfer to the control system that is provided with of disintegrating machine from the measuring-signal of these sensors, this will illustrate in conjunction with Fig. 4 below in more detail.
The critical piece of the crusher structure shown in Fig. 2 has: fuselage 14, rotating cylinder 15, and main shaft 3, support cone 4, outer lining 5, liner 6, crusher chamber 7, driving shaft 8, eccentric shaft 9, control motor 16, and adjustment ring 17 is set.On the rotating cylinder that plays the effect of outer lining weight-bearing surface, outer lining is installed, simultaneously, on the support cone that plays the effect of liner weight-bearing surface, liner is installed, whereby, determine its crusher chamber, wherein, treat that the material of fragmentation is packed into from the disintegrating machine top by two linings.
The driving shaft 8 that is used to drive eccentric shaft 9 is assemblied in down fuselage.In addition, eccentric shaft is made an interior thorax to be suitable for holding there the main shaft 3 that is installed on regularly on the crusher frame.So,, the support cone of installing on the eccentric shaft bearing is unsteadily rotated by the rotation of the eccentric shaft of drive shaft around crusher axis.
The adjustment that disintegrating machine is provided with relies on the drive rotating cylinder rotation by the control motor, and whereby, rotating cylinder can rise or descend along the screw thread of adjusting ring is set.
The monitoring of relative position can be according to the revolution of control motor or rotating cylinder itself between the crusher liners weight-bearing surface, perhaps direct height and position according to rotating cylinder.By wearing and tearing position shown in the figure, that be installed on sensor 12, the 13 supervision wearing terrains on the crusher liners.The measuring-signal that these sensors are sent out is transferred to together with the height and position signal of weight-bearing surface control system is set, and will illustrate in more detail in conjunction with Fig. 4 hereinafter.
Impacting breakers shown in Fig. 3 includes: fuselage 18, and rotary barrel 19, rotating shaft 20, breaker bars 21, crushing shell 22, breaker plate shafts 23, crushing shell is adjusted rod 24, and crushing shell wearing terrain 25.The rotating part that comprises breaker bars is installed on the crusher frame by rotating shaft.Crushing shell is firmly adorned and is invested on the crusher frame, and the one side links breaker plate shafts, and its opposite side is that the crushing shell of adjustable shaping formula is adjusted rod.Cover wearing terrain on the breaker plate surfaces.
Impacting breakers when operation, treat that broken material packs in the disintegrating machine through the opening on the crusher frame 18, the agglomerate material is from opening or roll into or drop into the broken cylindrical shell 19 of rotation.Disposing breaker bars 21 on the rotary barrel, their materials that will be broken are jettisoninged facing to crushing shell 22.When the fragmentation of the material of packing into occurs in the breaker bars of agglomerate material impacting rotary barrel, when clashing into the crushing shell on the crusher frame, or because agglomerate material collision each other.Slit on the agglomerate material direct of travel between the breaker bars of last crushing shell and rotary barrel, the material grain piece that still is provided with greater than this fragmentation slit when arriving herein is with its major part of fragmentation.Impacting breakers shown in the figure comprises three crushing shells, and therefore, the agglomerate material that is broken is pulverized on step level formula ground, one by one crushing shell place, be ground at given crushing shell place that size equals that the slit is provided with than the granule piece.One side of crushing shell is made it firmly to link with crusher frame by breaker plate shafts 23, and the opposite side of crushing shell is adjusted rod 24 by crushing shell and linked.Each is adjusted rod and is used for adjusting severally the setting of its breaker plate.Be broken last crushing shell on the material direct of travel determining positions in the whole disintegrating machine last slit be provided with 11.Dispose crushing shell wearing terrain 25 on the outer surface of crushing shell, it plays broken lining, with the breaker bars collaborative work on the rotary barrel.
Being provided with on the adjustment rod that sensor 14 is installed on last piece crushing shell on the material direct of travel that is broken in the disintegrating machine adjusted rod and the last slit of whole disintegrating machine is provided with is controlled.This sensor is sent out the signalization that can adjust weight-bearing surface in the wearing terrain, and just, it indicates the position of this crushing shell.The wear sensor 12 of wearing terrain is installed on the wearing terrain of crushing shell on the crushing shell, and it determines the setting of disintegrating machine.This kind wear sensor can indicate the abraded quantity that has taken place on the wearing terrain of disintegrating machine.In addition, the wear sensor 13 that is installed on the breaker bars of rotary barrel can indicate the wearing and tearing that taken place on the breaker bars of rotary barrel.The measurement data of being sent out by these sensors is transferred to the control system that is provided with of disintegrating machine, will illustrate in more detail in conjunction with Fig. 4 hereinafter.
As shown in Figure 4, the there fuselage that shows bright jaw crusher includes forebody 26, rear body 27 and is connected the side plate 28 of front and back fuselage.Crusher chamber is determined jointly by the side plate that is installed on the fixedly clamp 29 on the forebody, the active clamp 30 that is connected to connecting rod 31 and jaw crusher.Waving by eccentric shaft 32 of connecting rod drives, and eccentric shaft 32 is installed on prejudicially by flywheel 33 and drives in the bearing of the connecting rod of operation and crusher side plates, and flywheel and eccentric shaft are coupled and driven by exterior mechanical.The gap width of clamp opening is called the setting of this kind disintegrating machine, it is adjusted by the change of adjusting wedge 35 positions is set, adjust wedge by toggle plate 34 control disintegrating machines be provided with 11, this is provided with 11 promptly is active clamp and the fixing gap width between the clamp lower edge.
Fixedly the bottom of clamp and active clamp is equiped with sensor 12,13, and they send out such measuring-signal, makes the automatic control system 36 of disintegrating machine can monitor the wearing and tearing of clamp.Disintegrating machine is provided with and comprises position sensor 14 in the adjusting device, and it can transmit such positional information, makes automatic control system can determine active clamp weight-bearing surface and the fixing distance between the clamp weight-bearing surface in view of the above.The information that provides according to this sensor, thereby control system can determine the actual setting of disintegrating machine in real time and because of what wearing and tearing took place there variation is set, and control system is adjusted wedge the setting of disintegrating machine is remained on the steady state value by means of adjusting to be provided with according to the clamp wearing and tearing that detected thus.
Show the bright structure that is embedded in the wear sensor 37 in the wearing terrain 38 that is monitored on Fig. 5, wherein, abrasion betides the specified surface of stain among the figure.
This wear sensor is made of resistor network 39, and this resistor network is along with the abrasion of the wearing terrain that is monitored also is worn, and each resistance can gradually be denuded in resistor network.The two ends of resistor network are connected on the supply voltage of a constant voltage, and the electric current by resistor network is calculated as follows:
In the I=U/R formula, U is a supply voltage, and R is the all-in resistance of resistor network.
Along with the abrasion of wearing terrain, the all-in resistance of sensor is pressed following formula and is changed:
1/R＝1/R
1+1/R
2+…+1/R
n
Thus, the electric current of flows through sensor also changes.Change down in the all-in resistance of known resistance network and because of the resistor network wearing and tearing detect its resistance, just can determine abraded quantity on the wearing terrain by the electric current of measuring flows through sensor.
For the effect of sensor shown in Fig. 5, selecting isolated material suitably for wear sensor is a vital issue.With regard to isolated material is selected, importantly to know the physical property of the be broken material and the wearing terrain material of being packed into.Ideally, sensor insulation material will be chosen to present identical erosion property with the wear body, and thus, the material of packing into can cause duplicate erosive rate to the wear sensor of wearing terrain itself and wherein embedding.Yet because wear sensor always trends towards or harder and more crisp, or sample ground is softer and this material of wearing terrain itself that compare is more not wear-resisting in addition, thereby ruptures suddenly/fragmentation if it were not for sensor, perhaps other sample ground otherwise be exactly that sensor is worn and torn fast.Therefore, above-mentioned ideal situation is not almost accomplished in practice.
Under the occasion that preferably requires extremely tight hard sensor, its isolated material usually can be from for example being to select the ceramic material series, and they usually only are suitable for and should cover as rigid surface.The example of one of this kind covering is the aluminium oxide of thermojet.Under some application conditions, best selection can be the ceramic slider with the oxide powder formation of binding agent bonding.At this moment, local fracture can not cause bigger damage to sensor in this type sensor.Basically do not requiring under other situations of rigid surface sensor that the elastic isolation material that can use such as compound polymeric material constitutes sensor.
No matter select any isolated material, sensor unit is done thin always usefully, at this moment, the sensor fracture that bump in disintegrating machine/crusher members causes can not be deeper than the abrasive surfaces of wearing terrain, the erosive rate of wearing terrain occasionally faster than the erosive rate of rigid surface sensor, then can be denuded on the surperficial elevation of wearing terrain at the sensor of high teat office very soon else if.
Embodiment shown in Fig. 6 is applicable to the setting of the sonac 40 of supporting oneself in the disintegrating machine wearing terrain.The sensing system of this type can only use single sensor to be achieved, and sensor is embedded in the wearing terrain position of easy wearing and tearing, in the perhaps another kind of mode, a plurality of sensors is embedded on the several position required in the wearing terrain.During the sonac of use supporting oneself, sensor can rely on the spiral shell spiral-lock to enclose, or use one independently sensor liner be installed closely and vertically cemented behind in wearing terrain by adhesive composite.During work, sensor is launched ultrasound waves in the wearing terrain body before, it wearing terrain to side surface on reflect, can determine thickness thus at monitoring point place wearing terrain.
Show on Fig. 7 that bright embodiment is that the sonac on the disintegrating machine wearing terrain is placed in the another kind of type.Here, configuration ultrasonic transmitter 41 on the edge of wearing terrain is installed ultrasonic receiver 42 on the opposite side edge of wearing terrain.This kind sensor arrangement can combine with the programmed algorithm of intelligence sensor or control system software, the convenient the narrowest place of determining material thickness between sensor.
Obviously, the sonac shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 can be by replacing based on the sensor that upgrades with more advanced sonac technology made.This class in addition one of technology of sample is so-called MEMS technology, based on sensor be similar to the acoustic radiation detector.This type of sensor can be measured material thickness simultaneously and not wish that possible phenomenon such as the crackle that takes place increases and permanent deformation etc. at this.
In addition, all the sensors that use in control system according to the present invention and the sensor of other kinds can synthetically combine with the power supply and the high frequency transmitter of supporting oneself.Under this kind form, the entity that sensor can be configured to support oneself can transmit measuring-signal to the disintegrating machine control system that is positioned at the disintegrating machine outside with wireless mode.
Being suitable for of these kinds can be from being externally mounted to the lip-deep sensor of wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine, along with the more transducing of wearing terrain is transferred to sensor on the new wearing terrain easily.In addition, be enough to monitor a plurality of variablees that characterize the characteristic of a wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine by single sensor.
Show the bright embodiment that in disintegrating machine, places the strain gage type wear sensors on the wearing terrain among Fig. 8.Here, use strain gage 43 to be based on such fact as the wear sensor on the disintegrating machine wearing terrain, although causing the wearing terrain abrasion of wearing terrain attenuation only is to cause small distortion, progressive abrasion can make the wearing terrain back side become all the more raised or sunken finally.The strain gage unit of using sufficient length can be with this distortion of very high precision measure.And the power that acts on the wearing terrain can be measured in the strain gage unit in fragmentation work.
In addition, dependence strain gage sensor can be easily with the product identification technology with measuring circuit comprehensively.Here, microcontroller 44 or similar unit are combined in order to the analysis to measure signal with the strain gage sensor, can also insert the ID sign indicating numbers of a wearing terrain in the microcontroller 44.Then, connect this identification information, can easily it together be transferred to the disintegrating machine automatic control system together with measurement data by wired or wireless mode.Use this kind technology and also can make the ID circuit, utilize such as be hand-scanner can be outside several meters of disintegrating machine with wireless mode scan for inquiries suitably, read the ID sign indicating number expediently.Also can use Bluetooth circuit and in short range, transmit id information.Rely on modern technologies, sensor amplifier, ID decoding circuit and Bluetooth circuit can be packaged into half credit card size like that.Then, can application examples in this way cell phone read the product identification information as reader.
The retrieval so easily of product identification information can provide very big help for crusher operator, can be so as to determining by the kind of product and model and ordering required spare part.
Can also replenish the additional information about this wearing terrain in the ID sign indicating number of wearing terrain, this is useful at wearing terrain in period service life phase subsequently.For example, can replenish the category information about the alloying component of wearing terrain in the ID sign indicating number, it can use in the recovery of wearing terrain.Other similar information for example comprise the data of size, weight and the phase class of wearing terrain.
The placement embodiment that shows bright strain gauged formalism wear sensor with the entity work of supporting oneself completely among Fig. 9.Comprise in the sensor entity: strain gage sensor 43, electric energy obtain antenna 45, integrated intelligence sensor circuit 44, and radio-frequency antenna 46.
The measurement data that obtains from strain gage 43 is gathered by intelligence sensor circuit 44, and it is transferred to the disintegrating machine control system that is positioned at the disintegrating machine outside by radio-frequency antenna 46 with the information of gathering with wireless mode.The required electric energy of integrated sensor package work relies on antenna 45 from obtaining around the electromagnetic field of crusher unit.The effect of intelligence sensor circuit comprises: the form to electric energy that antenna obtains is set up, and resulting measurement data in the strain gage is dealt with, and transfer out the information of having handled by radio-frequency antenna.In addition, the intelligence sensor circuit is programmed to make it to comprise the ID sign indicating number of wearing terrain itself.
Under this kind form, the combination of radio frequency (RF) technology and strain gage technology can make comprehensive sensor entity be configured to single self-adhering type suspender.The sensor cluster unit further is made of the fritter of some separation, and the method for sticking with glue is bonded on the rear surface of wearing terrain.After the installation, each separates fritter and is connected on the public intelligence sensor circuit.
Be installed to the back of disintegrating machine wearing terrain by sensor cluster with mentioned kind, the control system that critical information can be transferred to disintegrating machine is used for determining that disintegrating machine accurately is provided with, thus, no matter the abrasion of wearing terrain how, disintegrating machine can be controlled to such an extent that its setting is remained on the desirable value.
The present invention is not restricted to the disintegrating machine of any given type, but can be adapted in all kinds disintegrating machine that comprises wearing terrain.
In addition, the present invention is not restricted to the sensor structure, can use all types of these type of sensors according to disintegrating machine adjustment of the present invention and control system, and they can provide the enough information input signal as control system.
Claims (19)
1. method that when crusher in crushing is worked, is used to measure and monitor the setting of disintegrating machine, this method comprises:
Measure the abrasion of wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine; And
Adjust the setting of disintegrating machine according to measurement result, so that no matter how the abrasion of wearing terrain always can remain in setting on the predetermined value,
It is characterized in that the measurement data of described wearing terrain abraded quantity is transferred to the disintegrating machine outside with wireless mode in the indication disintegrating machine.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in case the measurement data of indication wearing terrain abraded quantity reaches predetermined threshold value, sends the order of changing wearing terrain immediately automatically.
3. equipment that when crusher in crushing is worked, is used to measure and monitor the setting of disintegrating machine, this equipment comprises:
At least one wear sensor is installed on the crusher liners;
Adjusting device is used to adjust the setting of disintegrating machine;
At least one sensor is installed on the described adjusting device; And
The automatic control system of disintegrating machine, in described equipment, the automatic control system of described disintegrating machine receives first input signal the wear sensor at least one lining in being installed on disintegrating machine, described first input signal is suitable for determining the abraded quantity of described lining, described automatic control system also is provided with and receives second input signal the described sensor on the adjusting device from being installed on disintegrating machine, described second input signal is suitable for determining the relative position of disintegrating machine wearing terrain weight-bearing surface, thus, the disintegrating machine automatic control system can be adjusted the setting of disintegrating machine according to two input signals, no matter how the abrasion of wearing terrain always can remain in the setting of disintegrating machine on its predetermined value
It is characterized in that, a wear measurement sensor is installed on each crusher liners at least, and described sensor has all assembled the device that measurement data is transferred to the disintegrating machine outside with wireless mode.
4. the equipment of claim 3 is characterized in that, the disintegrating machine automatic control system comprises the device that is used to receive described data with the wireless mode transmission.
5. claim 3 or 4 equipment is characterized in that, described sensor has all installed the device that produces the required electric energy of working sensor.
6. the equipment of claim 5 is characterized in that, the device of the required electric energy of described generation working sensor includes the unit that is suitable for kinetic energy is transformed into electric energy.
7. the equipment of claim 5 is characterized in that, the device of the required electric energy of described generation working sensor comprises a piezoelectric device.
8. the equipment of claim 5 is characterized in that, the device of the required electric energy of described generation working sensor includes from obtain the device of electric energy around the electromagnetic field of disintegrating machine.
9. sensor, be suitable in the equipment that application rights requires wearing terrain abraded quantity in the measurement disintegrating machine of 3-8 described in any one, it is characterized in that, the wearing part of sensor comprises a resistor network that is formed by a plurality of parallel resistances, thus, some resistance are along with the abrasion of wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine, peel away from resistor network, thereby change the all-in resistance in wear sensor is presented the circuit of electric current, thus, produce and the proportional measuring-signal of the abraded quantity of wearing terrain.
10. sensor, be suitable in the equipment that application rights requires wearing terrain abraded quantity in the measurement disintegrating machine of 3-8 described in any one, it is characterized in that, the wearing part of sensor comprises a resistor network that is formed by a plurality of series resistances, thus, some resistance are along with the abrasion of wearing terrain in the disintegrating machine, and peel away from resistor network, thereby change the all-in resistance in wear sensor is presented the circuit of electric current, thus, produce and the proportional measuring-signal of the abraded quantity of wearing terrain.
11. a sensor is suitable for it is characterized in that in the equipment that application rights requires wearing terrain abraded quantity in the measurement disintegrating machine of 3-8 described in any one, makes sensor utilize sound wave to carry out work in the realization of sensor.
12. the sensor of claim 11 is characterized in that, sensor is a sonac.
13. the sensor of claim 11 is characterized in that, is the MEMS technology of using on sensor arrangement in the realization of sensor.
14. the sensor of claim 13 is characterized in that, sensor is the acoustic radiation detecting sensor.
15. the sensor of any is characterized in that among the claim 11-14, sensor comprises the device of separation, is used to transmit and receive the sensing pulse.
16. a sensor is suitable for it is characterized in that sensor is based on the strain gage unit in the equipment that application rights requires wearing terrain abraded quantity in the measurement disintegrating machine of 3-8 described in any one.
17. the sensor of claim 16 is characterized in that, energy measurement acted on the power on the wearing terrain when sensor was worked in crusher in crushing.
18. the sensor of claim 16 or 17 is characterized in that, comprises the device that is used to store and transmit with wireless mode the identification data of wearing terrain in the sensor.
19. the sensor of any is characterized in that among the claim 16-18, radio-frequency technique has been adopted in the enforcement of at least a portion sensor unit.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20021327A FI20021327A (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2002-07-05 | Procedure and apparatus for measuring and controlling the crusher setting |
| FI20021327 | 2002-07-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1674995A true CN1674995A (en) | 2005-09-28 |
Family
ID=8564309
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03818796 Pending CN1674995A (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-07-02 | Method and apparatus for measuring and adjusting the setting of a crusher |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1556168A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005536329A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1674995A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003238134A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0312454A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2491713A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI20021327A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20050643L (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2005102824A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004004908A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200500961B (en) |
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| CN101865659A (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2010-10-20 | 北京凯特破碎机有限公司 | Method for measuring working clearance of cone crusher |
| CN101316658B (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2011-06-08 | 美特索矿物公司 | Method for controlling crusher and crusher |
| CN101641159B (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2013-07-24 | 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 | Method for operating a beater wheel mill and controller for controlling a beater wheel mill |
| CN103328103A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2013-09-25 | 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 | System and method for monitoring operational characteristics of pulverizers |
| CN105107567A (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2015-12-02 | 上海创申重型装备制造有限公司 | Jaw crusher with toothed plate abrasion loss detection sensor and sensor thereof |
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| CN105592927A (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2016-05-18 | Fl史密斯公司 | Methods and apparatus for continuous monitoring of wear in grinding circuits |
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| CN108472656A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2018-08-31 | 蒂森克虏伯股份公司 | The pulverizer of wear measurement with radar auxiliary |
| CN108927246A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 郑州洁普智能环保技术有限公司 | Jaw crusher |
| CN109174317A (en) * | 2018-11-04 | 2019-01-11 | 申青林 | A kind of hammer head of hammer crusher wear abrasion alarming device and its alarm method |
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-
2002
- 2002-07-05 FI FI20021327A patent/FI20021327A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-07-02 AU AU2003238134A patent/AU2003238134A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-02 WO PCT/FI2003/000535 patent/WO2004004908A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-07-02 CN CN 03818796 patent/CN1674995A/en active Pending
- 2003-07-02 RU RU2005102824/03A patent/RU2005102824A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-07-02 ZA ZA200500961A patent/ZA200500961B/en unknown
- 2003-07-02 CA CA002491713A patent/CA2491713A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-02 JP JP2004518816A patent/JP2005536329A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-07-02 BR BR0312454-1A patent/BR0312454A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-02 EP EP03735751A patent/EP1556168A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-02-04 NO NO20050643A patent/NO20050643L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| CN101316658B (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2011-06-08 | 美特索矿物公司 | Method for controlling crusher and crusher |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2491713A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
| BR0312454A (en) | 2005-04-19 |
| ZA200500961B (en) | 2006-10-25 |
| NO20050643L (en) | 2005-04-04 |
| WO2004004908A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
| AU2003238134A1 (en) | 2004-01-23 |
| JP2005536329A (en) | 2005-12-02 |
| RU2005102824A (en) | 2005-08-10 |
| EP1556168A1 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
| FI20021327A (en) | 2004-01-06 |
| FI20021327A0 (en) | 2002-07-05 |
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