CN1668881A - Radiant heat pump device and method - Google Patents
Radiant heat pump device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1668881A CN1668881A CNA038165104A CN03816510A CN1668881A CN 1668881 A CN1668881 A CN 1668881A CN A038165104 A CNA038165104 A CN A038165104A CN 03816510 A CN03816510 A CN 03816510A CN 1668881 A CN1668881 A CN 1668881A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F24V99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The present method and device is for configuring the geometry of a surface (18) to emit highly non-diffuse radiant energy. When a target surface (12) is placed in a region where it is targeted by the emitting surface (18), there can be a net heat flow from the surface emitting the radiant energy to the target surface (12), notwithstanding the target surface (12) may be at higher temperature than the emitting surface (18). This method is employed in a radiant heat pump whereby the surface for emitting energy radiation surrounds a target. The target may use the temperature increase to upgrade heat flowing through the target for use in industrial processes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of radiant energy device, heat conducting device and method, particularly heat pump.
Background technology
In industrialized country, the consumption of the energy is commercial and the basic aspect of personal daily life.Along with other countries stride forward towards the economic equality with the industrialization world, the energy in the whole world uses just promptly and increases.
Up to date, the remarkable visible negative consequences of consumption of fossil fuels also only limits to local relatively effect, for example smog and acid rain.Now, even most scientist thinks current consumption level, also facilitated the variation of global climate, this has caused excessive risk for the stability in biosphere future.Along with consuming sustainable growth, this kind situation also will worsen.
Kyoto Protocol is first part of international agreement, is intended to the clean discharging by reduction carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases (GHG), and reduces the influence of consumption of fossil fuels to climate change as far as possible.For succeeding, this type of is advocated instrument and must support by eliminating or reduce greatly the technology that the GHG relevant with fossil fuel discharge.The alternative energy resources technology, for example wind energy, solar energy and nuclear energy etc., and continue with zero-emission or approach zero-emission and carry out energy supply.Yet, this type of alternative energy resources technology fully replace fossil fuel with the GHG balance of toppling before, also need time decades.In a period of transition, the measure that improves energy use and fossil fuel conversion efficiency can help to reduce the GHG discharging.
Burning mineral fuel (mainly being coal) is to produce most of the total electricity that uses in the world wide.Consumption rate is widely different, but in the North America, every month relevant with household electricity CO
2Discharging on average is about three tons of each households.Some areas have can expect lasting coal reserves greater than a century.Therefore, although cause the GHG discharging, still there is the strong motivation of the coal that burns away.Unfortunately, traditional coal-fired power plant based on vapor recycle to be lower than 40% net efficiency operation.When the steam condensation, the most energy is taken as used heat and is discharged in the environment.
Owing to attempt to address these problems, and because the energy cost that raises, industry, commercial, and the consumer of resident's level seeking mode to reduce the energy quantity that they buy and consume.It is a kind of that to use in last decade and obtain some successful method are recyclings to used heat.Can also become more general from the system that atmosphere, ground and big water surface are obtained the regenerative resource of " freely ".Use above-mentioned example, such system can reclaim the energy from the waste water (effluent) of coal-fired power plant, to reduce used heat.
The prior art instruction uses passive heat exchange, chemical heat pump and vapor compression heat pump (open type or closed cycle heat pump) to carry out the recovery of used heat.
Each prior art system and defective thereof will briefly explain as follows.
When to such an extent as to the temperature of waste heat source is enough high can directly be utilized the time again, the recovery method that the passive heat exchange is almost always most economical.Yet most waste heat source is far below the temperature to energy demand of other local existence.Therefore, the range of application of passive heat recovery is extremely limited.Industrial, the most number average of these thermals source is developed.
Chemical heat pump only limits to comprise the application of the temperature range that some chemical reaction carries out with Reasonable Speed.The quantity that this had both limited device when using this technology has economically limited the flexibility of each device that is applicable to that economically service condition changes again.Because the characteristic of the chemicals that uses, chemical heat pump also is unsuitable for some application.Perhaps chemical heat pump is only to be the very little part of whole energy inputs to the demand that moving () can be imported than unique advantage of vapor compression heat pump.
Up to the present, the work heat pump of maximum quantity is a vapor compression heat pump in the world.Nearly all vapor compression heat pump all is a closed circuit system, and it is around closed loop repetitive cycling cold-producing medium continuously.The most general example of vapor compression heat pump is refrigerator (refrigerator).
The subject matter of vapor compression heat pump is that Compressor Technology (it is the core of both vapor compression pump) reaches the availability of the cold-producing medium that is fit to.
More specifically, vapor compression heat pump is considered to unreliable in history and is complicated, thereby needs to safeguard.The equipment that many manufacturing companies existing product is relevant, and therefore little hope is accepted easily to lose efficacy or the industrial system of other operations is caused the ancillary equipment of operational issue.In addition, manufacturing company need not need the ancillary equipment of special maintenance technique.
Be to need to handle, keep and use suitable working fluid (cold-producing medium) especially at another problem of closed cycle vapor compression heat pump.Working fluid may chemically be unsettled at high enough temp, cause influential, uneconomical or even dangerous (blast or poisonous or the two have concurrently).
The open circulation heat pump has been avoided the cold-producing medium problem of closed circuit system, because it uses industrial treatment liquid as cold-producing medium.This has eliminated the demand of carrying out heat exchange with controlled working fluid.Yet, have some factors seriously to limit the scope of application of open circulation device.For example, treatment fluid is corrosive sometimes, perhaps is difficult to handle, keeps and uses, and this has increased the cost of compressor.In addition, treatment fluid is mixtures of liquids normally, and it is in different temperature evaporations, and feasible circulation is complicated.In addition, the solid that treatment fluid generally includes dissolving or suspends, this makes that some devices are complicated or it can't be turned round.At last, owing to be difficult to avoid mixing of working steam and air, and limited cycle efficieny and attraction economically thus, so open system is not to be well suited for to carry out recuperation of heat from waste liquid.
The open circulation heat pump also is subjected to the influence of the compressor problem identical with the closed cycle heat pump when high temperature.Open type and closed circulation system all are subjected to the restriction that both vapor compression needs a large amount of expensive electric energy.For the closed circulation system of economy, electric energy input can account for half of total high temperature energy of device transmission (deliver).For designing open-cycle system preferably, the electric energy input can less account for transmit 7% or 8% of heat.With respect to the cost of other energy, the cost of electric power is the principal element of the economic viability of decision vapour compression unit.
Therefore, need a kind of method of preserving energy, by provide do not need both vapor compression or chemical reaction be used for heat conducting simple apparatus and method,, and improve the heat conducting device of prior art, from waste heat source, recovering energy, and obtain meaningful and useful temperature and raise.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus, be used for by reclaiming possible loss heat, and the temperature that fully promotes this heat to allow the using energy that reclaims, improve energy efficiency.
The invention provides a kind of geometry, launch method of patterning to enlarge from the non-diffusion (nondiffuse) of this surface emissivity by structure one surface.This method can cause: compare with the general surface with same composition and temperature, the radiant heat flux that flows with specific direction from this surface is in the pattern of more or less convergence.Another result of this method is: be higher or lower than this surperficial actual temperature from this surperficial apparent (apparent) temperature of specific direction perception.Therefore, if receiving surface or target surface are positioned at the zone that this surperficial apparent temperature is higher than this surperficial actual temperature, the result is the photothermal net flow that exists from this surface (or emitting surface) to target surface so.
The net flow of transfer of radiant heat also can further be realized (only is the sub-fraction of the net heat flow by radiation between this surface and the target surface thereby make between this surface and the target surface combination heat flow by conduction and convection current) by convection current between this surface and the target surface and conductive heat flow amount are minimized.
When the method for a surface emitting to a target surface when effective, those skilled in the art can learn and also can use a plurality of surfaces that radiant heat is transmitted into target surface.Those skilled in the art can also learn further that the geometry of this surface or emitting surface can be shaped in every way.In one approach, this surperficial geometry is shaped as V-arrangement, and the opening of this V-arrangement is towards this target surface.In addition, this surface can be made by various materials.In one approach, material is a highly reflective, and one more specifically among the embodiment, this surface is press polished metal surface.
In one embodiment, fully or almost entirely around this target surface, further strengthened the effect of this method by a continuous surface or a plurality of surface.In this embodiment, by supplying with heat to this emitting surface and removing heat, the invention provides a kind of method of producing useful radiant heat pump from this target surface.
The design of radiant heat pump is based on the following fact: the radiant heat exchange between two bodies comprises on each direction independently and gageable energy stream.This makes transfer of radiant heat be different from conduction and convection current, because at least on macro-scale, conduction and convective heat transfer are unidirectional along gradient.By making an artificial environment, in this environment, emittance stream from the emitting surface that is in a temperature to the receiving surface that is in higher temperature has precedence over (favoured) rightabout and normally main energy stream, and the present invention attempts to set up reverse in other photothermal net flow of (against) temperature difference.
A kind of method of manufacture of intraocular environment is the geometry of change emitting surface, makes that the apparent temperature of emitting surface is higher than its actual temperature from the angle of receiving surface.This can realize by the following method: change the geometry of this emitting surface, so that more focusing and less diffusion of its emission, and the heat of directed this emitting surface to concentrate more along the direction emission of this receiving surface.This artificial environment can be by further being strengthened by for example introducing vacuum to eliminate conduction and convective heat transfer, this also help reducing emission scattering and with the interference of emittance stream.
Because radiant heat pump does not need compressor or other complicated machines, do not need chemicals or cold-producing medium, can in wider temperature range, work well, and can be with assembling, so radiant heat pump has overcome a plurality of subject matters relevant with other prior art system with a large amount of similar elements that low cost is produced in batches.
Another advantage of radiant heat pump is: it only needs to be used to extract the electric energy input of heat-transfer fluid, and need not be used for the electric energy input of operation (as at thermoelectric device) or compression.Extracting common liq is a very mature technique, and the difficulty of industrial efficient enforcement is little.
Radiant heat pump does not comprise cold-producing medium or other complicated chemicals.Therefore, practical and economic operating temperature range is not subjected to the restriction of chemical characteristic.The quality decision that each pump performance is prepared by the characteristic and the emitter surface of its geometry, emitter surface.As can be seen, radiant heat pump can be worked on the temperature range wide more than the heat pump of technology formerly well.
Perhaps the most important advantage of radiant heat pump is: strengthened transfer of radiant heat by improving temperature.Because the 4th power of emission rate and absolute temperature is proportional, radiant heat pump will typically increase along with increasing source temperature with respect to the attraction of prior art.
According to said method, the invention provides a kind of radiant heat pump device, be used for that heat is delivered to one from a surface and receive or target surface, wherein this target surface has the temperature more higher than this emitting surface.This surface is towards this target surface emitted energy radiation.In addition, this surface is launched pattern by geometrical figuration for throw non-diffusion radiation towards this target surface.Can find out obviously that from said method the result is that existence is reverse in other net heat flow of temperature difference from this emitting surface to this target surface.
In another embodiment of radiant heat pump device, the emitter assemblies of a hollow defines vacuum-packed chamber (enclosure).Passing the emitter assemblies of this hollow, is the cylindrical target of a hollow, is used to collect radiation and transmit the outside that this is radiated to this emitter assemblies.This emitter assemblies is included in a plurality of expelling plates on the inner surface of this emitter assemblies, these transmitter board are towards the cylindrical target of this hollow, and these transmitter board have smooth surface, will reflex to the cylindrical target of this hollow from the radiation that this emitter assemblies is transmitted into these transmitter board.
Description of drawings
To embodiments of the invention be described by giving an example with reference to the accompanying drawings now, wherein:
Fig. 1 is according to an emitter assemblies of the present invention, and it comprises two transmitter board, and each plate has an emitting surface;
Fig. 2 is the top view of emitter assemblies among Fig. 1, and it shows the reflection according to the emission between two adjacent plate emitting surfaces of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the stereogram according to the emitter assemblies of a relative target of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a coordinate diagram, and it shows according to the present invention from the focusing flow of the emitting surface ratio than theoretical black matrix flow;
Fig. 5 is the emitter assemblies according to a relative cylindrical target of the present invention;
Fig. 6 A is the side view according to an embodiment of radiant heat pump of the present invention;
Fig. 6 B is the cross-sectional view according to radiant heat pump of the present invention along the A-A line of Fig. 6 A;
Fig. 6 C is the cross-sectional view according to radiant heat pump of the present invention along the B-B line of Fig. 6 B;
Fig. 6 D is the cross-sectional view according to radiant heat pump of the present invention along the C-C line of Fig. 6 C;
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view according to an embodiment of radiant heat pump of the present invention; And
Fig. 8 is the system according to radiant heat pump of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Those skilled in the art is well known that: different with heat conduction with convection current, the transfer of radiant heat between two bodies be included in each direction one independently, gageable flow.The traditional theory of transfer of radiant heat is called as black matrix based on a kind of ideal surfaced.Black matrix has transmitting power completely, and the 4th power of this power and its absolute temperature is proportional, along evenly (diffusion) emission of all directions, with typical, foreseeable Wavelength distribution emission, and is absorbed into all radiant energy that are mapped on it.
Compare with black matrix, more unfavorable theoretical surface is called as grey body, its also diffusion emission and with typical Wavelength distribution emission.Yet grey body is only launched the part of the power of black matrix; This part (to all wavelengths unanimity) is called as its emissivity.Relatively, grey body also only absorbs the incident radiation energy of a part; This part (to all wavelengths unanimity) is defined as absorptivity (any unabsorbed incident energy is by diffuse reflection).In addition, for grey body, absorptivity is generally equal to emissivity.
Black matrix or grey body on any two lines that are placed to the contact of the visual field each other will exchange radiant energy, make its temperature be tending towards convergence (converge).That is to say that if a body has the temperature that is higher than another body, passing to the amount of the radiant energy of lower temperature body from the higher temperature body so will be greater than the amount that passes to the radiant energy of higher temperature body from the lower temperature body.
Compare with grey body with black matrix, real surface has emissivity and the absorptivity that changes with wavelength, launches with the distribution map that departs from from real diffusion in various degree, and has the reflection of part mirror image and part diffusion.Therefore, real surface can be launched different amounts, usually can be littler than the radiant energy of black matrix or grey surface.
The invention provides a kind of method and apparatus,, scheme with the non-diffusion emission that enlarges real surface by the less diffusion that specific surface is launched in the radiation that makes the surface.Therefore, this non-diffusion emission figure can be converged on the receiving surface.In addition, can have from lower temperature (emission) surface the net flow of the radiant heat energy of higher temperature target or receiving surface.As mentioned below, and think that " normally " figure of most surface diffusion eradiation heat is different, the method can be reverse promotes radiant heat energy to arrive the clean transmission of receiving surface in thermograde, this has very valuable commercial use.
As shown in Figure 1, in an embodiment of the method that enlarges non-diffusion emission figure, respectively have two radiant panels 16 of same size and emitting surface 18, place along the EDGE CONTACT of equal length.Watch (as Fig. 2) along cross section, contact wire has formed the summit of narrow, elongated " V " shape.In this structure, flow along roughly direction at the top end opening of V, be limited and by relative emitting surface 18 reflections of this plate 16 from the emission of arbitrary plate 16, and reflect towards the opening of V.
The reflection characteristic of emission has special significance.As shown in Figure 2, the angle between light and the symmetry axis 30, with the amount of the separation angle that equals two plates 16, after emission less than before reflecting.In other words, each reflection all is a kind of focusing incidents.Depend on the geometry of system and the original position of emission, be transmitted in penetrate from the opening of V before, may experience repeatedly reflection.If plate 16 is enough smooth, only there is very a spot of scattering to take place at reflex time each time.Therefore, most of ratio of initial emission is reflected.
The repeatedly cumulative effect of reflection to many emissions of the emitting surface 18 of this structure roughly is the convergent beam of radiant heat energy, and the composition emission of this radiant heat energy is close with precision in various degree towards the direction that is parallel to symmetry axis 30.
Because the emissivity characteristic of metal uniqueness, the metal surface is preferred for emitting surface 18.More specifically, metal demonstrates reverse emissivity characteristic (it increases) when low-angle, and diffusion hardly.Press polished metal surface will produce diffusion still less when reflected radiation heat energy.
The metal emitting surface 18 of polishing makes the emitting surface 18 of combination throw the radiation emission pattern of non-diffusion in conjunction with certain geometry.When with the radiation emission pattern that produces by the ideal black-body transmitter relatively the time, to be equal to or less than the corresponding total amount of ideal black-body naturally from total emission measure of the radiant energy of emitting surface 18 with identical projected area.Yet the radiant heat energy of the higher convergence in specific region is given in emitting surface 18 projections, and gives other zones the low radiant heat energy of assembling.That is to say that each is higher than the radiosity under the situation of diffusion emission significantly along radiosity of symmetry axis 30 projection to expelling plate 16, but flux density is corresponding lower when forming than wide-angle with symmetry axis 30.Therefore, compare with the diffusion transmitter, 18 pairs of target areas of emitting surface can obtain to be equivalent to several times or even higher emission of black matrix emission level.
Adopt said method and interpolation objective plane 20 perpendicular to symmetry axis 30, as shown in Figure 3, just the convergence of rays of the radiant heat energy on the surface of spontaneous emission in the future 18 is in (or on target more specifically 31 as shown in Figure 5) on the objective plane 20, and it is that a normal diffusion emitting surface (or an ideal black-body emitting surface) transmits more radiant energy to objective plane 20 than hypothesis emitting surface 18.
A kind of will be to increase to be oriented the quantity that projection focuses on 16 pairs of the transmitter board of launching on cylindrical target to the method for the maximizes heat transfer of cylindrical target.This method can be implemented in following radiant heat pump device.
Another kind of will be from emitting surface 18 to target 31 the maximized method of favourable radiation delivery, be that the conduction that will occur as zeroth order law (Zeroth Law) result and " backflow " of convection current minimize.From the available cross-sectional area of target 31 to transmitter board 16 passbacks, conduction is minimized by restriction.By keeping the vacuum between emitting surface and the target surface, convection current is minimized.
If make target 31 because the unnecessary thermal losses of conduction and convection current generation minimizes, so Xia Mian equation is described the relation between target and the emitting surface temperature and the ratio of the heat flow between this target and the emitting surface.
RAD
t＝RAD
e-CONV (i)
Wherein, RAD
tBe the ratio of the radiation emission of target,
RAD
eBe the photothermal ratio that obtains by target, and
CONV is the ratio that heat is removed in convection current.
RAD
t＝A
tE
tST
t 4； T
t＝(RAD
t/A
tE
tS)
1/4 (ii)
Wherein, E
tBe the emissivity (absorptivity) of target,
S is Shi Difen-Boltzmann (Stefan-Boltzmann) constant,
A
tBe the surface area of target, and
T
tBe the absolute temperature of target,
RAD
e＝RA
tSE
tT
e 4 (iii)
Wherein, R is the ratio of incident emission and black matrix emission, and
T
eIt is the temperature of transmitter board.
In conjunction with equation (i), (ii), (iii), and establish E
t=1:
In ideal conditions, wherein: (1) emitter assemblies 14 is with the power emission of black matrix, and (2) all emissions all incide on the target 31, and the maximum that can obtain is assembled ratio and will be determined by the geometry of emitter assemblies 14.
The specific shape of emitting surface and setting are variable.For example, the V-arrangement shown in the figure can have different alternative constructions.More specifically, the angle of the opening of V-arrangement (what show among Fig. 1 is about 30 °) can be littler or bigger, and transmitter board 16 can have the width of variation, and transmitter board 16 can not be the plane.More generally, unnecessary (have a plurality of surfaces with other geometrical constructions, some of them surfaces in addition can the diffusion emission) identical V-arrangement can obtain identical purpose, promptly enlarges non-diffusion emission pattern, to produce the convergence towards the emission energy in one or more zones.
Adopt said method, just can design a radiant heat pump 10.
In an embodiment shown in Fig. 6 A, 6B, 6C and the 6D, the invention provides a kind of radiant heat pump 10, it has a hollow housing assembly 14, limit the cylindrical target 12 of vacuum seal groove 15 and hollow, this cylindrical target 12 is set to pass emitter assemblies 14, with the collection emittance, and the energy that will collect is delivered to the outside of housing unit.In this embodiment, this housing unit 14 comprises a plurality of transmitter board 16 that are positioned on the housing unit inner surface 17, this transmitter board 16 is towards the cylindrical target 12 of hollow, and this transmitter board 16 has smooth activity (active) radiating surface or emitting surface 18, is used to reflect from housing unit 14 be passed to transmitter board 16, and be radiated to the radiation of the cylindrical target 12 of hollow subsequently.This radiant heat pump 10 is designed to seal a vacuum, makes to compare with transfer of radiant heat, and conduction and convective heat transfer effect are very small, although any make conduct and the minimized method of convective heat transfer all effective.
Though in order to simplify, this embodiment is shown as two-dimensional, can also use three-dimensional symmetry.For example, in another embodiment, emitter assemblies 14 can be spherical, and transmitter board 16 can limit conical groove, is used for the focusing emitted radiation to target 12, and in this embodiment, target 12 also can be spherical.The two and three dimensions shape that those skilled in the art will appreciate that other also can be effective.
At another or further among the embodiment, those skilled in the art will appreciate that housing unit 14 can nested (nested) become as shown in Figure 7.That is to say, concentric housing unit (make the outer surface of a housing unit form the gatherer of another housing unit, or the like) can be provided with around cylindrical (or spherical) target 12 of hollow.Because transmitting power is proportional with the 4th power of absolute temperature, be provided to the higher source temperature of inner emitter assemblies from the emitter assemblies of outside, can make radiant heat pump 10 more effective according to the temperature that is delivered to target 12.
In general operation, radiant heat pump 10 is installed in the environment of power plant for example or other energy devices, and wherein, heated liquid or steam contact with the outside of this radiant heat pump.Typically, the temperature of liquid or steam does not reach the sufficiently high temperature (that is to say that this heat is used heat) that just can further use without heating up in the power plant.Along with water hot or heating contacts with radiant heat pump 10, the outside of housing unit 14 absorbs this heat and this heat is delivered to the inner surface 17 that comprises transmitter board 16.Simultaneously, water or other heat energy remove the cylindrical elements 12 that device flows through hollow.As use said method with the geometry of the emitting surface 18 of remodeling transmitter board 16 and remodeling transmitter board 16 so that enlarge the result of the non-diffusion emission pattern of transmitter board 16, angle from cylindrical elements 12, the apparent temperature of this transmitter board 16 is greater than the actual temperature of this transmitter board 16, if cause comparing with reality (lower) temperature of cylindrical elements 12 perception transmitter board 16, cylindrical elements 12 absorbs more heat.Therefore, have the net flow that arrives the energy of cylindrical elements 12 by radiation, this can make the temperature of cylindrical elements 12 be increased to useful temperature, although the temperature of cylindrical elements 12 has been higher than the temperature of transmitter board 16.
Transmitter board
Radioactive radiation surface or emitting surface 18 are preferably very smooth.Because the advantageous feature of the polishing metal of above-mentioned relevant reflectivity, transmitter board 16 preferably include or are coated with the metal surface 18 of a polishing.
Can conceive the multiple design variation of transmitter board 16.For example, transmitter board 16 can be crooked, and transmitter board 16 can comprise the combination of diffusion emissive material and polishing metal or other high reflecting materials.As mentioned above, the specific shape of emitting surface and (and in this example particularly transmitter board 16) is set usually is transformable.
Except transmitter board, radiant heat pump 10 also can be included in the reflecting surface of each end of other emitter surface 14 cylindrical or spherical or that made by the highly reflective material of plane or curved surface.Perhaps, each end of emitter assemblies 14 can comprise the emitting surface of being made by the plane or the curved surface of diffusion emission.In addition, end cap 22 can constituting by the material of diffusion emission and highly reflective.In the above-described embodiment, if the emittance of the effect of the geometry of material that uses and design spontaneous emission in the future device converges to the zone that comprises gatherer, can also obtain refraction by the material that transmits relevant wavelength so and strengthen.
The cylindrical target 12 of hollow
The cylindrical target 12 of hollow is used to transmit the heat that the target by housing unit 14 outsides absorbs, and is delivered to (usually, absorb by the surface from gatherer, the fluid that will flow through the cylindrical elements of hollow is heated to useful temperature) on the heat transfer system.Then, the energy of this enhancing can be reused in a system (for example shown in Figure 8), to reach the purpose of preserving energy, reclaiming wasted energy and reducing cost.
The cylindrical target 12 of hollow preferably unreflecting (that is to say that the surface of the cylindrical target 12 of hollow should be a high-absorbable, flow to the net heat stream of the cylindrical target 12 of hollow with maximization).In order to obtain useful results, the surface area of the cylindrical target 12 of this hollow should be less than the apparent or the effective surface area of this transmitter board 16.
Environment
Artificial environment between the cylindrical target 12 of emitter assemblies 14 and hollow can be by because minimizing of conduction and any backflow (from the target to the transmitter) of causing of convection current maximizes the net flow of the heat of the cylindrical target 12 that arrives hollow.For example, this can obtain in the following way: vacuum seal emitter assemblies 14, and by (for example) must contact with each other or with those elements that middle erecting device contacts between heat insulation is set, minimize contacting of transmitter and target.
The commercial Application of radiant heat pump
Usually, direct purposes of the present invention is:
1. the wasted energy in industrial and bigger commerce is used reclaims and upgrades, reaches processing heat and transmit, and
2. the condensation heat from thermo-power station reclaims.
Except can well carrying out the field of competitive technology at those radiant heat pumps, the present invention can also be used for heat-electric power station, by because the low warm energy input of refuse, and near the water body usually it being discharged into, 40% of about gross energy input has been wasted at the thermoelectric power generation station at present.This kind waste is owing to the heat power restriction that is used for heat is converted to the circulation of mechanical energy causes.Steam is condensed and is used as water in the outlet of each turbine and draws back to high pressure.In order to make the maximizing efficiency of power generation cycle, this heat is discharged under alap temperature, and is unworthy reclaiming.The used heat that can use radiant heat pump to come recovery section to be discharged from is to re-inject in the cyclic process, so that improve the gross efficiency in power plant biglyyer.In order to optimize this recovery system, will bring up to about 300 degrees centigrade from normal environment temperature from the temperature that steamturbine discharges.The less loss of gained is not only to have reclaimed used heat under the efficient of existing circulation.As mentioned above, existing hot swapping does not have a kind ofly can handle thermal source effectively under this high temperature.Practicality of the present invention particularly in industrial practicality, can cause the special applications of present non-existent industrial aspect.For example, different with the situation of current passive heat exchange in the heat exchanging process between two fluids, its favourable part is and can conducts heat to higher temperature rather than to lower temperature.Depend on production cost of the present invention, for example, the present invention can be finally finds application in structure space heating (environment for use temperature or very the thermal source of low temperature) or refrigeration.
Make and assemble the method for radiant heat pump
After the metal parts to transmitter board 16 carried out roughing, the matching surface of allowing adjacent transmitter plate 16 accurate relative positionings was machined to degree of precision (～± 0.005 " or better).This precision is a not only economy but also practical for computer numerical control (CNC) (CNC) process technology of a current generation.In the process operation process, can add projection that for example is used for position adjustments and the locating element that is used for the groove etc. of the vacuum sealing component between the transmitter board.In same process operation, or one independently in manufacturing procedure or the grinding action process, the surface that participates in the transmitter board 16 of radiation exchange is machined to high-quality at last.The final surface quality that the economic performance of radiant heat pump requires, and the effect of the orientation surface mark that keeps by machining or grinding in the process of heat pump is definite by experience, and depend on selected material and processing method.Yet the higher surface quality of metallic radiator plate 16 if desired can be by the processing of second road, for example grind and/or electropolishing is produced.
In case each transmitter has correct shape, emitting surface 18 is with regard to the film of coated one deck suitable material (approximately＜0.002 ").At present, preferred material is chromium or aluminium, yet other can be proved afterwards more suitably that material also can be applied to this.This coating technology depends on economy, the most economical coating process of accessible radiation and reflection characteristic is provided preferably can for emitting surface 18.The plating and the vapor deposition that only are used for metal are the most probable candidate technologies that is used for coating technology.
If use plastics or synthetic, can design molding process with required workload and cost minimizations after the shaping transmitter board 16.Particularly, the mould of the polishing of using with the high-performance releasing agent can provide favourable surface quality, is used for final coating.
Before in being assembled into radiant heat pump 10, transmitter board 16 is thoroughly cleared up, and is transported to and is used for microelectronics processing assembling district similar, that satisfy the clean room standard.Then, once place a unit adjacent to each other by the transmitter board 16 that will finish, and engage locating element, generate 180 ° on circular arc up to finishing grouping, this transmitter board 16 is stacked in the cylinder shape assembly.
The assembling emitter assemblies 14 next step be with two and half shell combination to the complete cylindrical arrangement of transmitter board 16.Last step is to be bound round by the outside of metal or synthetic material this arrangement is stopped up.During installation, vacuum sealing component can be between transmitter be placed separately, or from after tying up, extracting in the sealed groove an independent step, in whole arrangement.Under latter event, encapsulant will harden into harder state, additional mechanical stability is provided for emitter assemblies 14, and its part is combined.After combination, can no longer need to use and tie up.The sealant that is applied to emitter assemblies 14 outsides can further limit the gas diffusion.
The metal of processing or the end cap 22 of synthetic material will finish each sealing with and vacuum seal.These end cap 22 inner surfaces preferably have high reflectivity for infrared wavelength.This end cap 22 also provides the tie point of vacuum pipeline (not shown), and may be used to reduce gas, and this gas may be filled with each chamber to start preacceleration removal surface oxidation.As additional requirement, each end cap 22 can provide obstruction, so that the housing unit 14 and the heat conduction of passing between the target 12 of its center-side minimize.At least one to the joint of target of two end caps will be allowed to relatively freely slide, and make the different thermal expansion of target 12 can not make its compression.Therefore the two equal heat insulation makes target 12 by from housing (and from transmitter) heat insulation (for conduction).
The cylindrical target 12 of this hollow can be a light-wall pipe, has thickness and diameter than＜0.1, and has enough strength and stiffness, with the internal pressure of the fluid media (medium) of the target 12 that stands to flow through, and from radiant heat pump elevated temperature heat is conducted.Target 12 must also have enough rigidity, to keep its concentricity in assembly to a kind of acceptable accuracy.For example the contour conductive metal of copper is possible material, and target 12 can be made of it, yet, if its function of other materials such as required for the present invention is not excluded yet.Provide turbulent flow guiding plug-in unit by the inside of giving target 12, or make the surface of the inwall of target 12 become coarse, can strengthen the convection current performance of target 12 inside.The outer surface of each target 12 has the very material of high IR absorptivity with coating.
In a word, the geometric parameter of radiant heat pump 10 of the present invention preferably includes:
1. the separation angle of transmitter board 16 approximately is 3 ° to 12 °;
2. the ratio of emitter assemblies 14 length and diameter was 2: 1 to 6: 1 scope; And
3. the ratio of housing unit 14 inside diameters/target 12 outer dias is between 10: 1 and 50: 1.
If the rigidity synthetic or metallic radiator assembly 14 according to the said method assembling is not enough, this emitter assemblies 14 can be strengthened with outside metal framework (not shown).It is more more economical than using metallic radiator plate 16 to have that this method is proved to be, particularly under the situation of synthetic transmitter.
The above embodiment of the present invention only is used for example.In not departing from the scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can replace, retrofit and change specific embodiment, and scope of the present invention is only limited by appending claims.
Claims
(according to the modification of the 19th of treaty)
1. a non-diffusion emission method of patterning that is used to enlarge from a surface emissivity comprises the step of constructing this surperficial geometry.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein compare for one kind with general surface with same composition and temperature, the radiant heat flux from the emitting surface of this geometric configuration along specific direction by along towards or target-bound substantially direction assemble more.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the apparent temperature of this target is higher than this surperficial actual temperature.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein between this surface and this target, exchange radiant heat, this target is positioned at from the guiding heat emission of this surface emissivity and drops on zone on this target, and from the angle of this target, this surperficial apparent temperature is higher than this surperficial actual temperature.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 wherein, although temperature that should the surface may be lower than this target, still exists from this surface to the photothermal net flow of this target surface.
6. method as claimed in claim 4 wherein further comprises the convection current and the minimized step of conductive heat flow amount that make between this surface and the target.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein further comprise the convection current and the minimized step of conductive heat flow amount that make between this surface and this target, so that should the surface and this target between heat flow by conduction and convection current combination, only be the sub-fraction of the net heat flow by radiation between this surface and this target.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 wherein further comprises fully or almost entirely with the step of at least one surface around this target.
9. method as claimed in claim 5 wherein further comprises to this surface supply heat with the step of heat from this object removal.
10. method of patterning is launched in a non-diffusion that is used to enlarge from a surface emissivity, comprises the step of the geometric configuration forming V-shape that this is surperficial.
11. one kind is sent to the method for a target with the apparent temperature on a surface, actual temperature that wherein should the surface is lower than this surperficial apparent temperature, and to guarantee the photothermal net flow from this surface to this target, the step that comprises has:
Construct this surperficial geometry, project in the zone of this target with radiation emission pattern with guiding; And
Surfacing with high reflecting surface is provided, launches the projection of pattern with the radiation that improves guiding.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, geometry that wherein should the surface is a V-arrangement, and the openend of this V-arrangement is towards this target.
13. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein this method further comprises convection current and the minimized step of conduction energy that makes between this surface and this target.
14. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein this method further is included in and a parital vacuum or vacuum is set to reduce the step of convection current between this surface and this target.
15. one kind with radiant heat the method from a surface emitting to a target, this target has the actual temperature that is higher than this surperficial actual temperature but is lower than this surperficial apparent temperature, to acquire the photothermal net flow of this target, the step that comprises has:
The geometry of structure emitter surface is with the radiation emission pattern of projection guiding;
Emitter surface with high reflecting surface is provided, launches the projection of pattern with the radiation that improves guiding; And
Convection current and the transmission of conduction energy between this surface and this target are minimized.
16. method as claimed in claim 15 wherein further comprises and uses the radiant heat maximized step of a non-reflectance target being absorbed by this target.
17. one kind is passed to the method for the target in the capping with radiant heat outside capping, wherein the temperature of this target is higher than the outer temperature of this capping, and the step that comprises has:
One emitting surface is set in this capping, and the heat energy outer with this capping is connected, and so that this target is arrived in heat radiation, this emitting surface has high reflecting surface, launches the projection of pattern with the radiation that improves guiding;
Construct the geometry of this emitting surface, to launch pattern to this goal orientation radiation; And
Make convection current and conduction energy minimization between this emitting surface and this target.
18. method as claimed in claim 17 wherein further comprises with the step of a plurality of emitting surfaces around this target.
19. method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the outside of this capping forms a target, and further comprises this target is nested in step in the bigger capping, the capping that this is bigger or have and form the identical feature of capping of this target.
20. a method that reclaims the used heat in power plant comprises: the step of at least one radiant heat pump is installed in this power plant, is used to absorb the heat outside the radiant heat pump, to increase the heat of the target in this heat pump, wherein the temperature of this target is higher than the temperature outside the system.
21. one kind is used to transmit the radiation of heat heat pump assembly, comprises:
The surface that is used for the emitted energy radiation;
A target surface that is connected with this surface is used for from this surface received energy, and this target has and is higher than this surperficial temperature; And
This surface has the surface of geometry remodeling, is used for the radiation emission pattern towards this target projection guiding.
22. heat pump as claimed in claim 21 wherein also has following add ons:
External heat is sent to the device of emitting surface; And
From this target heat is removed to device outside this heat pump assembly.
23. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein this surface has the metal surface of polishing, launches the projection of pattern with the radiation that improves guiding.
24. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein should the surface and this target between the energy transmission of convection current and conduction be minimized.
25. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, geometry that wherein should the surface is a V-arrangement.
26. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein should the surface around this target.
27. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein one second emitting surface is around this surface, with the radiation emission pattern towards this surface projection guiding.
28. a radiant heat pump comprises:
The emitter assemblies of one hollow limits the capping of a sealing, holds a vacuum or partial vacuum;
The cylindrical target of one hollow is passed the emitter assemblies setting of this hollow, to collect radiation and to transmit the outside that this is radiated to this emitter assemblies; And
This emitter assemblies has a plurality of expelling plates on the inner surface of emitter assemblies, this transmitter board is towards the cylindrical target of this hollow, and this transmitter board has smooth surface, being transmitted into the cylindrical target that radiation on this transmitter board reflexes to this hollow from this emitter assemblies.
29. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 28, wherein adjacent transmitter board forms a V-arrangement.
30. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 28, wherein one second emitter assemblies has the internal emission surface around the emitter assemblies of this hollow, to throw non-diffusion radiation emission pattern towards this emitter assemblies.
31. a radiant heat pump comprises:
The emitter assemblies of the hollow of one inside limits a part of vacuum seal or vacuum-packed capping;
The emitter assemblies of the hollow of one outside is connected with a thermal source, and the emitter assemblies of the hollow that this is outside is with one heart around this inner emitter assemblies, heat is passed to this inner emitter assemblies;
The cylindrical target of one hollow is passed this inner emitter assemblies setting, and is hot to absorb from this inner emitter assemblies, and the heat that will absorb is delivered to the outside of two emitter assemblies;
Each emitter assemblies has a plurality of expelling plates on the inner surface of each emitter assemblies, transmitter board on the inner surface of the emitter assemblies of inside is towards the cylindrical target of this hollow, and have smooth surface, so that emitter assemblies internally is transmitted into the cylindrical target of the heat reflection of this transmitter board to this hollow; And
Transmitter board on the inner surface of emitter assemblies externally is towards this inner emitter assemblies, and has a smooth surface, with the heat reflection that will be transmitted into this transmitter board from the emitter assemblies of outside to this inner emitter assemblies, to be increased to the heat flow of this inner emitter assemblies, the radiation that passes through to the cylindrical target of this hollow thus increases heat flow.
32. a radiant heat pump comprises:
One outer member has inner surface and outer surface, and first end and second end;
Inner member within described outer member;
A plurality of V-arrangement transmitter units, around the inner surface setting of described outer member, described transmitter unit can be towards described inner member emitted radiation warm;
The end cap that is provided with at each end of described outer member, and connect described outer member and described inner member;
Fluid in described inner member can pass out heat from described inner member;
Be arranged on the vacuum between described outer member and the described inner member, and the fluid that is provided with around described outer member.
33. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 32, wherein said outer member are elongated cylinders, and described inner member is the slender cylinder concentric with described outer member.
34. one kind will comprise the step of constructing this surperficial geometry from the heat emission of a surface emissivity towards a goal-oriented method.
35. the method for claim 1, wherein compare with general surface with same composition and temperature, the radiant heat flux from the emitting surface of this geometric configuration along specific direction by along towards or target-bound substantially direction less assemble.
36. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, the apparent temperature of this target is lower than this surperficial actual temperature.
Claims (33)
1. a non-diffusion emission method of patterning that is used to enlarge from a surface emissivity comprises the step of constructing this surperficial geometry.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein compare with the general surface with same composition and temperature for one kind, the radiant heat flux that flows from this surface along specific direction is assembled more or lessly.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, wherein this surperficial apparent temperature from the specific direction perception is higher or lower than this surperficial actual temperature.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 wherein exchanges radiant heat between this surface and a target surface, this target surface is positioned at the zone that this surperficial apparent temperature is higher than this surperficial actual temperature.
5. wherein there is the photothermal net flow from this surface to this target surface in method as claimed in claim 4.
6. method as claimed in claim 4 wherein further comprises the minimized step of heat flow that makes convection current and conduction between this surface and this target surface.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein further comprise the minimized step of heat flow that makes convection current and conduction between this surface and this target surface, so that should the surface and this target surface between heat flow by conduction and convection current combination, only be the sub-fraction of the net heat flow by radiation between this surface and this target surface.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is comprising fully or almost entirely with the step of at least one surface around this target surface.
9. method as claimed in claim 5 wherein further comprises to this surface supply heat with the step of heat from this target surface removal.
10. method of patterning is launched in a non-diffusion that is used to enlarge from a surface emissivity, comprises the step of the geometric configuration forming V-shape that this is surperficial.
11. one kind is sent to the method for a target surface with the apparent temperature on a surface, actual temperature that wherein should the surface is lower than this surperficial apparent temperature, and to guarantee the photothermal net flow from this surface to this target surface, the step that comprises has:
Construct this surperficial geometry, so that non-diffusion radiation emission pattern is projected in the zone of this target surface; And
Provide surfacing, to improve the projection of non-diffusion radiation emission pattern with high reflecting surface.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, geometry that wherein should the surface is a V-arrangement, and the openend of this V-arrangement is towards this target surface.
13. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein this method further comprises convection current and the minimized step of conduction energy that makes between this surface and this target surface.
14. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein this method further is included in and a parital vacuum is set to reduce the step of convection current between this surface and this target surface.
15. one kind with radiant heat the method from a surface emitting to a target surface, this target surface has the actual temperature that is higher than this surperficial actual temperature but is lower than this surperficial apparent temperature, to acquire the photothermal net flow of this target surface, the step that comprises has:
The geometry of structure emitter surface is to throw non-diffusion radiation emission pattern;
Provide emitter surface, to improve the projection of non-diffusion radiation emission pattern with high reflecting surface; And
Make convection current and conduction energy minimization between this surface and this target surface.
16. method as claimed in claim 15 wherein further comprises and uses the radiant heat maximized step of a non-reflectance target surface being absorbed by this target surface.
17. one kind is passed to the method for the target in the capping with radiant heat outside capping, wherein the temperature of this target is higher than the outer temperature of this capping, and the step that comprises has:
One surface is set in capping, and the heat energy outer with this capping is connected, and so that this target is arrived in heat radiation, this surface has high reflecting surface, to improve the projection of non-diffusion radiation emission pattern;
Construct this surperficial geometry, to throw non-diffusion radiation emission pattern to this target; And
Make convection current and conduction energy minimization between this surface and this target surface.
18. method as claimed in claim 17 wherein further comprises with the step of surface around this target.
19. method as claimed in claim 18, wherein the outside of this capping has formed the outer surface of this target of bigger similar capping, described bigger similar capping or have identical feature.
20. a method that reclaims the used heat in power plant comprises: the step of at least one radiant heat pump is installed in this power plant, is used to absorb the heat outside the radiant heat pump, to increase the heat of the target in this heat pump, wherein the temperature of this target is higher than the temperature outside the system.
21. one kind is used to transmit the radiation of heat heat pump assembly, comprises:
A surface that is used for the emitted energy radiation;
A target surface that is connected with this surface is used for from this surface received energy, and this target surface has and is higher than this surperficial temperature; And
This surface has the surface of geometry remodeling, is used for throwing non-diffusion radiation emission pattern towards this target surface.
22. heat pump as claimed in claim 21 wherein also has following add ons:
External heat is sent to the device of emitting surface; And
From this target surface heat is removed to device outside this heat pump assembly.
23. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein this surface has the metal surface of polishing, to improve the projection of non-diffusion radiation emission pattern.
24. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein should the surface and this target surface between convection current and the energy transmission of conduction be minimized.
25. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, geometry that wherein should the surface is a V-arrangement.
26. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein should the surface around this target surface.
27. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 21, wherein one second emitting surface is around this surface, to throw non-diffusion radiation emission pattern towards this surface.
28. a radiant heat pump comprises:
The emitter assemblies of one hollow limits a vacuum-packed capping;
The cylindrical target of one hollow is passed the emitter assemblies setting of this hollow, to collect radiation and to transmit the outside that this is radiated to this emitter assemblies; And
This emitter assemblies has a plurality of expelling plates on the inner surface of emitter assemblies, this transmitter board is towards the cylindrical target of this hollow, and this transmitter board has smooth surface, being transmitted into the cylindrical target that radiation on this transmitter board reflexes to this hollow from this emitter assemblies.
29. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 28, wherein adjacent transmitter board forms a V-arrangement.
30. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 28, wherein one second emitter assemblies has the internal emission surface around the emitter assemblies of this hollow, to throw non-diffusion radiation emission pattern towards this emitter assemblies.
31. a radiant heat pump comprises:
The emitter assemblies of the hollow of one inside limits a vacuum-packed capping;
The emitter assemblies of the hollow of one outside is connected with a thermal source, and the emitter assemblies of the hollow that this is outside is with one heart around this inner emitter assemblies, heat is passed to this inner emitter assemblies;
The cylindrical target of one hollow is passed this inner emitter assemblies setting, and is hot to absorb from this inner emitter assemblies, and the heat that will absorb is delivered to the outside of two emitter assemblies;
Each emitter assemblies has a plurality of expelling plates on the inner surface of each emitter assemblies, transmitter board on the inner surface of the emitter assemblies of inside is towards the cylindrical target of this hollow, and have smooth surface, so that emitter assemblies internally is transmitted into the cylindrical target of the heat reflection of this transmitter board to this hollow; And
Transmitter board on the inner surface of emitter assemblies externally is towards this inner emitter assemblies, and has a smooth surface, with the heat reflection that will be transmitted into this transmitter board from the emitter assemblies of outside to this inner emitter assemblies, to be increased to the heat flow of this inner emitter assemblies, the radiation that passes through to the cylindrical target of this hollow thus increases heat flow.
32. a radiant heat pump comprises:
One outer member has inner surface and outer surface, and first end and second end;
Inner member within described outer member;
A plurality of V-arrangement transmitter units, around the inner surface setting of described outer member, described transmitter unit can be towards described inner member emitted radiation warm;
The end cap that is provided with at each end of described outer member, and connect described outer member and described inner member;
Fluid in described inner member can pass out heat from described inner member;
Be arranged on the vacuum between described outer member and the described inner member, and the fluid that is provided with around described outer member.
33. radiant heat pump as claimed in claim 32, wherein said outer member are elongated cylinders, and described inner member is the slender cylinder concentric with described outer member.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38311502P | 2002-05-28 | 2002-05-28 | |
| US60/383,115 | 2002-05-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1668881A true CN1668881A (en) | 2005-09-14 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA038165104A Pending CN1668881A (en) | 2002-05-28 | 2003-05-28 | Radiant heat pump device and method |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20040035131A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1516148A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005527775A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1668881A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003233699A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2430219A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2004137794A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003100327A1 (en) |
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| WO2010103105A2 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Energy Products Group Nv | Solid state optical heat pump |
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-
2003
- 2003-05-28 JP JP2004507742A patent/JP2005527775A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-05-28 US US10/447,679 patent/US20040035131A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-28 WO PCT/CA2003/000778 patent/WO2003100327A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-28 CA CA002430219A patent/CA2430219A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-28 RU RU2004137794/06A patent/RU2004137794A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-28 CN CNA038165104A patent/CN1668881A/en active Pending
- 2003-05-28 EP EP03727069A patent/EP1516148A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-05-28 AU AU2003233699A patent/AU2003233699A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-05-22 US US11/439,300 patent/US20070012433A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103389572A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-11-13 | 崔理立 | Thermal radiation uniguide temperature difference device adopting two combined light theory |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2004137794A (en) | 2005-08-10 |
| WO2003100327A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
| AU2003233699A1 (en) | 2003-12-12 |
| US20070012433A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
| JP2005527775A (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| US20040035131A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
| EP1516148A1 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
| WO2003100327B1 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
| CA2430219A1 (en) | 2003-11-28 |
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