CN1665715A - Underwater shock protection device - Google Patents
Underwater shock protection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1665715A CN1665715A CN038157063A CN03815706A CN1665715A CN 1665715 A CN1665715 A CN 1665715A CN 038157063 A CN038157063 A CN 038157063A CN 03815706 A CN03815706 A CN 03815706A CN 1665715 A CN1665715 A CN 1665715A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- arbitrary
- gas
- outside
- compressible material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
- B63B3/10—Armoured hulls
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
An object ( 1 ) to be set up or transported in or on water, provided with a structure for the protection of the object against underwater shock ( 3 ), which structure ( 7 ) comprises resilient members which have been provided over an outside skin of the object that is operatively situated in the water. The members comprise a material which is gas-filled at least on an outside ( 17 ) thereof, which material is compressible over a distance of at least one water displacement amplitude resulting from the underwater shock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of be arranged under water or waterborne or under water or the object of water transportation, it has the structure that the protection object is avoided underwater shock, this structure comprises the elastomeric element that is arranged on this external surface of objects that operationally is in water.
Background technology
Known this object for example is according to US Patent 4,193,367 seagoing vessels of transforming.In this patent specification, the outside face of ship is coated with is with prestressed film, and fiber glass plates for example is used for avoiding or restrains at least the propagation to the ship center of the water shock wave that caused by underwater blast.
Film has such shortcoming, that is, in use this structure is more fragile, and it is complicated and be easy to generate leakage, thereby water can pass between film and the ship, and the navigation performance of ship is had a negative impact.In addition, owing to leak, the protection of avoiding impacting may reduce or lose.In addition, near close film edge, sizable surface still continues to be vulnerable to impact of the shock wave.In this position, impact that in fact part is propagated on the ship.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is this structure is improved, this improvement is being made and is being safeguarded relative simply and cheap, and it can not have a negative impact to water performance.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes by a kind of object with aforementioned structure is provided, and these parts are made by elastomeric layer, wherein, provide inflatable chamber away from object one side at least, making described parts at least one water level that is caused by underwater shock moves the distance of amplitude, to be compressed.
Utilize this structure, form protective cover around the ship, thereby the pressure wave that is caused by underwater blast can not arrived ship.Because protective cover has very low acoustic impedance, pressure wave is reflected and forms backward wave in the backwater.So the energy of shock wave is absorbed by water, it is similar to the absorption pattern near the water surface, and wherein, the result of reflection causes a large amount of cavitations.As a result, there is not the power transfer of underwater blast wave basically, thus the measure that does not need to take any other protection to impact aboard ship, as long as the displacement path of pressure wave is no more than the maximum displacement distance of compressible material.This has an advantage, that is, the inner structure of ship needs impact resistance seldom to avoid underwater shock with the protection ship than traditional design.And, the complex mechanical structure that the present invention can not use expensive in maintenance and be easy to damage.
This reflex and the prevention collision between the wave of ship and impact ship is as different as chalk and cheese.For example, US Patent 3,960,100 disclosed structures, wherein Impact energy is used as elastic energy and is stored in the air chamber, and is transferred on the ship in sluggish mode, promptly has lower peak force (lower peak forces).The maximum stage that is caused by underwater shock moves amplitude less relatively (being generally about 6-10cm), and the relatively limited gauge of material will be enough, thereby obtains structure very reliable and that be easy to use.
In a preferred embodiment, the chamber is connected with barometric regulator.Especially on than the Submarine of working under the deep water, because ubiquitous hydraulic pressure, if do not regulate, then the volume of air chamber can diminish, thereby makes pressure wave have the displacement path greater than air chamber diameter or air chamber height.Regulate the amount (quality) or the pressure of gas in the air chamber and can avoid taking place " on earth " phenomenon, that is, the elastomeric material internal impact and therefore shock wave no longer reflect but bump against on the ship.And regulating control has such advantage, that is, can eliminate because for example little leakage that causes from air chamber local leakage or diffusion of gas.
In another preferred embodiment, the chamber is connected on the gas buffer parts.Described parts avoid in the air chamber air pressure too high, and this is because in compression process, the part of gas can flow to buffer unit.As a result, air chamber can be designed to be less.
And advantageously, the proportion of described compressible material has gradient, has very low proportion relatively in the outside away from object, has high relatively proportion in the inboard.Because the low-gravity in the outside, the impedance contrast between surge protection structure and the ambient water increases, and the result produces shock reflection preferably.Because the proportion that increases towards the inboard, this structure can be the failure-free designs, and can optimize the impact-absorbing characteristics that uses compressible material.
In order to improve water performance and mechanical strength, in the rigid plate of compressible material arranged outside relative thin.This plate can be made than light material by steel, aluminium, glass fibre or other, as long as its thickness is not too big, shock wave keeps infiltration relatively.
In a preferred embodiment, gas-filled compressible material is made by the impermeable foam that thickness is about the basic homogeneous of 10-20cm.
One replaceable preferred embodiment is made of such gas-filled compressible material, and described gas-filled compressible material is included in the flexible tube with preset air pressure that weld together on vertical side and diameter are approximately 10-20cm.Preferably, these pipes are disposed continuously next to and along each other, thereby preferably coat the surface of claimed ship fully.
The invention still further relates to the structure of avoiding underwater shock according to above-mentioned aspect protection object.
Description of drawings
With reference to following accompanying drawing, the present invention will be clearer.
Fig. 1 is the seagoing vessel that has the protection structure according to the present invention, for example cutaway view of destroyer escort.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view that has the submarine of protection structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is shown specifically the protection structure according to first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is shown specifically the protection structure according to second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 schematically shows the protection structure according to third embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Identical in the accompanying drawings or corresponding parts are represented by identical Reference numeral.
The schematically illustrated seagoing vessel 1 that is exposed to underwater blast 2 among Fig. 1.Because blast 2 produces shock wave (pressure wave) 3, it radially outward moves with the velocity of sound in water with spherical corrugated.When shock wave arrives the water surface 4, impact being reversed reflection, return as backward wave 5." a large amount of cavitation (bulk cavitation) " takes place, and the result can form cavitation bubble 6.
The feature of shock wave 3 is water step-wise displacement on certain distance s.The size of displacement depends on the intensity of blast and from the distance of blast, and this size is at most 6cm.In impacting the displacement generating process, transient peak pressure can reach 100 crust or higher.
When shock wave arrived the ship 1 of the fender guard that does not use the present invention, the part of shock wave 3 entered hull structure.Take place to impact and propagate, ship is subjected to impact load, and this will cause great local acceleration/accel.Usually, the displacement of displacement s on the ship and water subsequently is in same one-level, therefore also is at most 6cm.Impact can make the equipment on the ship break down.And the outside face of ship also can be damaged.Especially be very actual threat (the anti-polyester explosive ship that glass fibre is strengthened, aluminum vessels) for not too soft material.
According to the present invention, at the outside face rubber-like aerated plastic of seagoing vessel or the material 7 of rubber like, it can be compressed doubling at least on the distance that the water level that is caused by underwater shock moves amplitude.By using the material of aerated plastic or rubber like, can be so that owing to the existence of gas in the material improve the compressible performance of material, thus need not emit the risk of " on earth ", just can easily realize doubling the displacement of impact displacement amplitude.In in the end a kind of situation, the material internal collision produces in the height in gas and material and presses.
On the other hand, as having low-density relatively structure, ambient water shows as very strong incoherence towards the acoustic impedance of the material of plastics or rubber like.The fact is, (ρ c=1.25 * 330=412.5) is significantly less than the acoustic impedance (ρ c=1000 * 1500=1,500,00) of water by the acoustic impedance of this gas buffer of the product limit of the velocity of sound c of gas density ρ and gas (nitrogen or air).
As a result, bumper is equivalent to air, thereby at the energy disperser place a large amount of cavitations takes place.In the position of bumper, impact is reversed reflection and returns in the water as backward wave, so shock wave (in fact) does not enter ship.
About 6-12cm only takes place in the impact displacement of water.This displacement is absorbed without a doubt by shock damper (foam or air cushion).
Have enough resilient path (surpass 12cm) and enough hang down the shock damper of rigidity by use, the power of being passed to the outboard surface by bumper is reduced largely.
In Fig. 2, schematically show Submarine 8.Around Submarine air chamber 9 is set, the amount of gas (or gaseous mass) can be regulated in the air chamber.When diving depth changed, by increasing or emitting gas, the height of air chamber can keep substantially constant, and air chamber pressure remains on the actual environment pressure that equals substantially at each diving depth water.The height of air chamber 9 keeps constant, thereby under water darker, impact resistance also remains on suitable level, and buoyancy can not be adversely affected.
By pipe unit 11, gas buffer parts 10 are connected to air chamber 9.These gas buffer parts are connected to compressor and/or the gas cylinder 12 with high pressure gas, to regulate the air pressure and/or the gas volume of air chamber.In addition to its or as a replacement, can use aie escape valve, it can accept to open under the pressure load in maximum.
Illustrated among Fig. 3 and how to have coated ship surface 14 by flexible plastic pipe or air cushion 13.These pipes are welded together in vertical side, and have predetermined air pressure.The diameter of these pipes can be approximately 12-20cm.Pipe 13 is sealing at one end, and the other end can seal, and also can be connected on compressor or the gas cylinder (not shown).
Fig. 4 is illustrated schematically in its preferred embodiment, how to set up the protection structure of avoiding being subjected to underwater shock.Gas-filled compressible material is about the impermeable foam 15 of the basic homogeneous of 10-20cm and makes by thickness.To play a protective role or to reduce running resistance, rigid plate is for example formed by steel, aluminium and plastics in the rigid plate 16 of the arranged outside relative thin of foam 15 this compressible materials.The thickness of this protective cover must be thin as much as possible, preferably less than 10mm.
The proportion of compressible material has gradient, and 17 have very low proportion relatively in the outside, have high relatively proportion inboard 18.Its integral body is attached on the steel vessel surface 14, for example by bonding or sclerosis.
Fig. 5 schematically shows ship surface 14, and for example how the surface of destroyer escort or Submarine can be coated the structure of avoiding underwater shock of the present invention.This structure comprises it can being the laminates 19 of for example 1 meter * 1 meter of standard size.These laminates connect (not shown) by bolt connection piece, bonding/welding and/or magnetic and combine closely on ship surface 14.This last variation example utilizes magnetic force to fix these elements to the ship surface, thereby the possibility of the temporary protection of avoiding the underwater blast impact is provided for ship.
These elements comprise that thickness is approximately the foam rubber layer 15 of 25cm, coat the rigid plate 16 of the relative thin of being made by steel, aluminium and/or glass fibre in its both sides.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiment shown in the figure, and it can comprise various variations.For example in the protection structure, can use on-inflatable element and foam rubber elements combination, the opposing impulsive force of ship is temporarily increased.And, in protecting component, can provide rib to increase the autoprotection ability of these elements.Be appreciated that in these protection domains that change the claim that all belongs to appended.
Claims (11)
1. one kind is arranged under water or waterborne or under water or the object of water transportation; it has the structure that the protection object is avoided underwater shock; this structure comprises the elastomeric element that is arranged on this external surface of objects that operationally is in water; it is characterized in that; described parts are made by one deck elastomeric material; wherein have inflatable chamber away from object one side at least, it is compressible making described parts to move on the distance of amplitude at least one water level that is caused by underwater shock.
2. object as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described chamber is connected on the barometric regulator.
3. object as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described chamber is connected on the gas buffer parts.
4. the described object of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that the proportion of described compressible material has gradient, has very low proportion relatively in the outside away from object, has high relatively proportion in the inboard.
5. the described object of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that, in the rigid plate of the arranged outside relative thin of compressible material.
6. the described object of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that described gas-filled compressible material is made by the impermeable foam that thickness is about the basic homogeneous of 10-20cm.
7. the described object of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that described gas-filled compressible material is included in the flexible tube that vertical side was welded together and had preset air pressure, and the diameter of described pipe can be approximately 12-20cm.
8. the described object of the arbitrary as described above claim of protection is avoided the structure of underwater shock.
9. structure as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described structure is the froth bed overlapping piece of thick, basic homogeneous, non-infiltration, is fixed with the rigid plate of relative thin in its outside.
10. structure as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described structure comprises air cushion or the pantostrat overlapping piece that is formed by the pipe with precompressed compression, is fixed with the rigid plate of relative thin in its outside.
11., it is characterized in that described structure can be arranged on the object by welding, bolted connection, bonding or magnetic connection mode as arbitrary described structure among the claim 8-10.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL1020696 | 2002-05-28 | ||
| NL1020696A NL1020696C2 (en) | 2002-05-28 | 2002-05-28 | Device for protecting against underwater shock. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1665715A true CN1665715A (en) | 2005-09-07 |
Family
ID=29580098
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN038157063A Pending CN1665715A (en) | 2002-05-28 | 2003-05-27 | Underwater shock protection device |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060096514A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1549543A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2005527429A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1665715A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003243057A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2487447A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL1020696C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003099648A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102358396A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-02-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device for eliminating influences of bubble jet flow in cabin-section underwater explosion experiment |
| CN102616335A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-01 | 深圳市海斯比船艇科技股份有限公司 | Composite material improved metal ship, protective structure thereof and manufacturing method of protective structure |
| CN104071313A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-01 | 上海交通大学 | Anti-shock energy-absorbing covering layer capable of elastically bending |
| CN106759157A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉大学 | A kind of protector of anti-underwater contact explosion of being called in person for concrete gravity dam dam |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8442031B2 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2013-05-14 | Alcatel Lucent | Method and apparatus for utilizing network services in a manner substantially transparent to service endpoints |
| JP4744273B2 (en) * | 2005-11-11 | 2011-08-10 | 三井造船株式会社 | Underwater shock mitigation method |
| CN107878717B (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2024-04-02 | 中国人民解放军陆军军事交通学院镇江校区 | Externally hung shape-keeping lightning protection cabin |
| CN108442325A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-24 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Bulk-filled thin-wall soft ship collision prevention device |
| CN114720654A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-08 | 大连理工大学 | Method for protecting explosive container by underwater inertia energy absorption |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1195857A (en) * | 1916-08-22 | Ernest richard royston | ||
| US2405590A (en) * | 1940-03-08 | 1946-08-13 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Detonation shield |
| US3782768A (en) * | 1969-02-04 | 1974-01-01 | A Moore | Tubular, shock-absorbing bumpers |
| US4193367A (en) | 1969-04-17 | 1980-03-18 | United Technologies Corporation | Boat designed to withstand the force of underwater explosions |
| FR2123677A5 (en) * | 1971-01-27 | 1972-09-15 | Bertin & Cie | |
| US3960100A (en) | 1975-06-02 | 1976-06-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Pressurized ship structure for slamming loads |
| US5379711A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1995-01-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Retrofittable monolithic box beam composite hull system |
| US5803004A (en) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-09-08 | Emerson & Cuming, Composite Materials, Inc. | Marine vessel construction |
| US5862772A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 1999-01-26 | Emerson & Cumingcomposite Materials, Inc. | Damage control materials for warship construction |
| GB9825317D0 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 1999-01-13 | Baesema Ltd | Energy absorbing structures |
| US6530337B1 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-03-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Underwater explosion protection for watercraft |
-
2002
- 2002-05-28 NL NL1020696A patent/NL1020696C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-05-27 CN CN038157063A patent/CN1665715A/en active Pending
- 2003-05-27 WO PCT/NL2003/000392 patent/WO2003099648A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-27 US US10/515,725 patent/US20060096514A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-27 AU AU2003243057A patent/AU2003243057A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-27 JP JP2004507318A patent/JP2005527429A/en active Pending
- 2003-05-27 EP EP03755297A patent/EP1549543A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-05-27 CA CA002487447A patent/CA2487447A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102358396A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-02-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device for eliminating influences of bubble jet flow in cabin-section underwater explosion experiment |
| CN102358396B (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-10-30 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device for eliminating influences of bubble jet flow in cabin-section underwater explosion experiment |
| CN102616335A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-01 | 深圳市海斯比船艇科技股份有限公司 | Composite material improved metal ship, protective structure thereof and manufacturing method of protective structure |
| CN104071313A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-10-01 | 上海交通大学 | Anti-shock energy-absorbing covering layer capable of elastically bending |
| CN104071313B (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-09-07 | 上海交通大学 | Elastically bendable anti-impact energy-absorbing cover layer |
| CN106759157A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 武汉大学 | A kind of protector of anti-underwater contact explosion of being called in person for concrete gravity dam dam |
| CN106759157B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-12-14 | 武汉大学 | It is a kind of to call in person the protective device of anti-underwater contact explosion for concrete gravity dam dam |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2005527429A (en) | 2005-09-15 |
| EP1549543A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
| AU2003243057A1 (en) | 2003-12-12 |
| CA2487447A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
| US20060096514A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
| NL1020696C2 (en) | 2003-12-01 |
| WO2003099648A1 (en) | 2003-12-04 |
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Legal Events
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |