CN1655190A - Interpolation method for complementing pixel color - Google Patents

Interpolation method for complementing pixel color Download PDF

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CN1655190A
CN1655190A CN 200410004220 CN200410004220A CN1655190A CN 1655190 A CN1655190 A CN 1655190A CN 200410004220 CN200410004220 CN 200410004220 CN 200410004220 A CN200410004220 A CN 200410004220A CN 1655190 A CN1655190 A CN 1655190A
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pixel
green
red
color
blue
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CN1326088C (en
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陈中平
黄旭鍊
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Altek Corp
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Altek Corp
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Abstract

This invention provides an interpolation method for complementing pixel colors including judging the trend variance of signals on the horizontal and vertical direction around four green pixels after getting signals of said pixel array to balance the two green pixels adjacent to each red/blue pixel according to the direction with the least variance to utilize such balance value to complement the information of the green element of the red/blue pixel, then complementing the blue or red elements lost in each pixel with interpolation method on horizontal and vertical direction, so, every pixel contains three elements green, red and blue.

Description

Supply the interpolation method of pixel color
Technical field
The relevant a kind of method of supplying pixel color of the present invention is particularly about a kind of pixel color interpolation method of judging signal tendency modified flow that increases, so that color interpolation value accurately to be provided.
Background technology
Image sensor arrays is widely used in the digital photography in order to remember the device of green signal of video signal, and the least unit of forming picture on each image sensor is called as (pixel) in the pixel, and in other words, each pixel is a photoconductive body.
Because pixel itself only responds to light intensity, but the color to light does not then divide the ability of releasing fully, so simple image or sensor array itself can only clap the image of GTG, if will photograph colored image, just to before each photoconductive body of image sensor array, add filter or optical filter in red (R), green (G), blue (B) three primary colors, make each photoconductive body can only receive and measure wherein a kind of luminosity power of primary colors, wherein, R filter, G filter and B filter only allow ruddiness, green glow and blue light pass through respectively.As shown in Figure 1, the more general arrangement mode of the image pixel of image sensor arrays is green, blue (G, B) row, another row then are red, green (R, G) row, and then rearranging distribution average R GB arranged in regular turn, another kind of arrangement mode commonly used then is CYGM (Cyan-Yellow-Green-Magenta).
Because each image pixel only has the single color element, therefore utilizing image processor to receive comes from after the image pixel briliancy number of image sensor arrays, usually utilize interpolation method (interpolation) to rebuild the color element that each image pixel is lost earlier, so that each pixel all has three primary colors.The prior art color interpolation method is other pixel of utilizing each former color pixel next door, calculates the data of all the other dichromatisms for each former color pixel.For instance, as shown in Figure 1, the periphery of each red pixel 10 has four blue pixel 12 and four green pixels 14 respectively, the picture element interpolation system can utilize the luminosity mean value of four nearest blue pixel 12 and the luminosity mean value of four green pixels 14, for the red pixel 10 at center calculates green and the blue data of being lost, so that red pixel obtains a complete rgb light degree data.In like manner, blue also identical with the interpolation principle of green pixel 12,14.Yet, when some have the image of careful colored lines or accurate color change when shooting, if wherein changed part greatly for being positioned at image edge or signal tendency by 4 average pixels, then the ensemble average value will be influenced by this point and produce bigger error, feasible resolution variation herein, look make an uproar (color noise) or pigment figure phenomenon occur, and influence the overall image image quality.
In order to improve this problem, the Taiwan patent announcement discloses the relevant interpolation method in a kind of colored edge that rebuilds for No. 413797, its with the level of center pixel, vertically reach 45 the degree directivity make interpolation, only judge directivity in right this patent with the tendency of green (G) shading value, and still exist the erroneous judgement direction possibility, cause interpolation value not necessarily correct, stable resolution can't be provided.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of interpolation method of supplying pixel color,, make the image of careful colored lines and accurate color change still can keep high resolving power so that accurate interpolation value to be provided.
Interpolation method of supplying pixel color provided by the invention, be applied to the image pixel array that light is produced after by a colored filter, this image pixel array is formed by red pixel, blue pixel and green pixel, this interpolation method is supplied in order to the color element that each this pixel is lost, make each pixel respectively contain red, blue, green element, this interpolation method of supplying pixel color comprises the following steps:
Receive the signal of this image pixel array, and judge this green pixel level on every side and the signal tendency variation of vertical direction in this image pixel array;
According to changing minimum direction, two green pixels of each red/blue pixel adjacency are in addition average, and the mean value of gained becomes the data of the green element in each this red/blue pixel; And
For all pixels of level and vertical direction, supply blue element or the red elemental that each pixel is lost with interpolation method respectively, and then make each pixel respectively contain green, red, blue element.
The invention provides a kind of interpolation method of supplying pixel color, be applied to the image pixel array that light is produced after by a colored filter, this image pixel array includes first pixel, second pixel and the 3rd pixel, this interpolation method is supplied in order to the color element that each this pixel is lost, make each this pixel respectively contain first element, second element and element, this interpolation method of supplying pixel color comprises the following steps:
Receive the signal of this image pixel array, and judge this first pixel level on every side and the signal tendency variation of vertical direction in this image pixel array;
According to changing minimum direction, two of this second/the 3rd pixel adjacency these first pixels are in addition average with each, and the mean value of gained becomes the data of first element in each this second/the 3rd pixel;
For these pixels of level and vertical direction, supply second element or the element that each this pixel is lost with interpolation method respectively, and then make each this pixel respectively contain first, second and third element.
Interpolation method of supplying pixel color of the present invention can be reached the stable effect of image resolution height and resolution, makes image output present the level and smooth image of nature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be in the prior art in the image pixel array synoptic diagram of interpolation color.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of the image pixel array of institute of the present invention interpolation.
Fig. 3 supplies the process flow diagram of the interpolation method of pixel color for the present invention.
Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C rebuilds each step pel array synoptic diagram of green element for the present invention.
Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 D rebuilds each step pel array synoptic diagram of blueness and red elemental with horizontal direction for the present invention.
Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 D rebuilds each step pel array synoptic diagram of blueness and red elemental with vertical direction for the present invention.
Fig. 7 is for the synoptic diagram of the pel array of emulation one actual image of the present invention and list the shading value of pixel.
Embodiment
The present invention is before carrying out interpolation calculating, earlier four green pixels around the red/blue pixel of desire interpolation are carried out the judgement that signal edge and tendency change, and this determining step is considered the red of green pixel periphery simultaneously in the lump, blue picture element signal changes, come in addition average with two green pixels that utilize signal to change less level or vertical direction, the green element interpolation value of red/blue pixel is provided, be that red elemental that other pixel loses is carried out on the basis and/or the interpolation of blue element is calculated again with the green element, so that the signal numerical value of whole interpolation process presents good annexation.
As shown in Figure 2, the image pixel array 20 that after light is by a colored filter, is produced, it is made up of a plurality of pixel 22, comprise red pixel 24, blue pixel 26 and green pixel 28, be listed as and red, green pixel (R, a G) leu preface arrangement formation array with green, a blue pixel (G, B), and then constitute the array that has four green pixels 28 on every side of each red pixel 24 or blue pixel 26.Because each former color pixel 22 only has the single color element, therefore other two color element that each pixel 22 must be lost is supplied, and makes each pixel 22 respectively contain red, blue, green element.
Because in Red, the brightness value of green primary color Gao Erke provide luminosity data more accurately, interpolation method therefore of the present invention is a benchmark with green pixel 28 earlier, judge that signal tendency around it changes and two at interval green pixels 28 are in addition average, the shading value of the green element that this mean value is promptly lost as red pixel 24 or blue pixel 26.
The method that the present invention supplies pixel color adopts software, realizes with an image processor usually.This process flow diagram of supplying the method for pixel color sees also shown in Figure 3, its utilization interpolation method and the flow process of judging in the interpolation process adding, please consult Fig. 2 simultaneously, method of the present invention comprises the following steps: at first, as step S10, reception is by the signal of the image pixel array 20 that image sensor arrays transmitted, scan-image pel array 20 in regular turn from left to right then, whenever scan a blue pixel 26 or a red pixel 24, with four green pixels 28 around it is benchmark, judge around this four green pixels 28 level and heavy Nogata to the signal tendency change, and this judges the step that the signal tendency changes, and is judged according to the green pixel 28 of the periphery of each green pixel 28 in these four green pixels 28 and the value of red/blue pixel 24/26; Then as step S12, according to changing minimum direction, two green pixels 28 of each red/blue pixel 24/26 adjacency are average in addition, this mean value promptly becomes the green element in each red/blue pixel 24/26, repeating step S10 like this and S12, scan and rebuild the green element of being lost in each red, blue pixel 24,26 in regular turn, the green element in all red, blue pixels 24,26 is rebuild and is finished.The direction of above-mentioned scanning also can be from right to left or is waited scanning direction from top to bottom.
Wherein, in step S10 to S12, to change system little than vertical direction when the tendency of the horizontal direction of surrounding pixel 22 signal values of green pixel 28, it then is benchmark with the horizontal direction, two green pixels 28 of each red/blue pixel 24/26 level two side adjacency are average in addition, this mean value promptly becomes the green element in each red/blue 24/26 pixel, to supply its green element; And the tendency of the vertical direction of pixel 22 signal values around green pixel 28 variation system is little than horizontal direction, it then is benchmark with the vertical direction, two green pixels 28 of each red/blue pixel 24/26 vertical two side adjacency are average in addition, the green element in/blue pixel 24/26 red to supply.
Rebuild as step S10 and S12 finish the green element that these pixels 22 are lost after, next blue element and/or the red elemental lost of these pixels 22 of supplying with interpolation method, to supply blueness and the red elemental that each green pixel 28 is lost, supply the red elemental that each blue pixel 26 is lost, and supply the blue element that each red pixel 24 is lost.At first, shown in step S14, pixel 22 for horizontal direction arrangement in the image pixel array 20, blue element and/or red elemental that these pixels 22 of supplying with interpolation method are lost: then continue as step S16, supply blue element and/or the red elemental that the pixel 22 in the image pixel array 20 is lost at vertical direction with interpolation method again, so promptly finish the red elemental of these pixels 22 and the reconstruction of blue element, and then make each pixel 22 respectively contain green, blue, red element, finish the reconstruction algorithm of pixel color and finish the interpolation operation workflow, be i.e. step S18.
In above-mentioned interpolation method of supplying pixel color, after color-element is finished in reconstruction, then carry out the reconstruction of indigo plant, red element more respectively with vertical direction with horizontal direction earlier; Yet, indigo plant of the present invention, red first prime system calculate based on green change of elements amount, so ought not limit indigo plant, red element or reconstruction order red, blue element, and do not limit the reconstruction top preface of horizontal direction and vertical direction, that is the present invention can also rebuild earlier Nogata to indigo plant, red element then carry out horizontal direction again and rebuild and implement.
Following spy verifies explanation interpolation method of the present invention in detail with a concrete example.
Utilize interpolation method of supplying pixel color of the present invention as the practical application of colour reconstruction in the image processing system shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C, Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 D and Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 D, at first, shown in Fig. 4 A, image is by colour filter array (color filter array, CFA) and form as shown in the figure image pixel array after the image sensor array, before this image carries out subsequent treatment, must " loss " colour component is rebuild.The present invention calculates green (G) color earlier, at first, handles at turquoise (GBGB) row, and in Fig. 4 A, G 5Originally be non-existent, B 5The G of position 5Reconstruction need with reference to B 5G all around 2, G 4, G 6, G 8Four green shading values, and through certain judgement, the calculating formula of this judgment principle is as follows:
ΔH=|G 4-G 6|+|B 5-B 3+B 5-B 7|;
ΔV=|G 2-G 8|+|B 5-B 1+B 5-B 9|;
Wherein, on behalf of the signal tendency of horizontal direction, Δ H change, and on behalf of the signal tendency of vertical direction, Δ V change.
As Δ H<Δ V, then G 5=(G 4+ G 6) ÷ 2;
As Δ H>Δ V, then G 5=(G 2+ G 8) ÷ 2;
And then with B 5The G that is lost of position 5Supplied.
G ' the value that B position in the GBGB row is lost is obtained with aforementioned interpolating method so in regular turn, and therefore, Fig. 4 A becomes Fig. 4 B, and each the B position in the GBGB row respectively has green element G '.
After the color-element of finishing the GBGB row is rebuild, then, handle at green red green red (GRGR) row, shown in Fig. 4 B, G 5Originally be non-existent, R 5The G of position 5Reconstruction need with reference to the G around it 2, G 4, G 6, G 8, and through certain judgement, the calculating formula of this judgment principle is as follows:
ΔH=|G 4-G 6|+|R 5-R 3+R 5-R 7|;
ΔV=|G 2-G 8|+|R 5-R 1+R 5-R 9|;
As Δ H<Δ V, then G 5=(G 4+ G 6) ÷ 2;
As Δ H>Δ V, then G 5=(G 2+ G 8) ÷ 2;
And then with R 5The G that is lost of position 5Supplied.
G ' the value that R position in the GRGR row is lost is obtained by aforementioned interpolating method so in regular turn, and therefore, Fig. 4 B becomes Fig. 4 C, makes each the R position in the GRGR row respectively have green element G '.So far, finished the green color reconstruction of all pixels in the image pixel array.
Finish after the G color rebuilds, then, the blue pixel value (B) of reference levels direction is with the blue element B that lacks in the horizontal GBGB row ' value calculates, shown in Fig. 5 A, B 0' be non-existent originally, G 0The B of position 0' reconstruction need with reference to G 0The B of level two examples 1And G 1' difference, B 2And G 2' difference and G 0, calculating formula is as follows:
B 0'=[(B 1-G 1')+(B 2-G 2')] ÷ 2+G 0Formula (1)
B ' the value that G pixel in the GBGB row of horizontal direction is lacked is calculated one by one so in regular turn, and therefore, Fig. 5 A becomes Fig. 5 B, makes each the G position in the GBGB row respectively have blue element B '.
Continuing shown in Fig. 5 C the red R that the R value of reference levels direction is lacked horizontal GRGR row ' value calculates, in Fig. 5 C, R 0' be non-existent originally, G 0The R of position 0' reconstruction need with reference to G 0The R of level two examples 1And G 1' difference, R 2And G 2' difference and G 0, calculating formula is as follows:
R 0'=[(R 1-G 1')+(R 2-G 2')] ÷ 2+G 0Formula (2)
R ' the value that is lacked in the GRGR row with horizontal direction is calculated one by one so in regular turn, and therefore, Fig. 5 C becomes Fig. 5 D, and each the G position in the GRGR row respectively has red elemental R '.So far, finish the reconstruction of image pixel array medium blue (B) color and red (R) color at horizontal direction.
After finishing the indigo plant of horizontal direction, red color reconstruction, then, rebuild indigo plant, the red color of vertical direction, its method for reconstructing and principle are same as horizontal direction.At first, as shown in Figure 6A,, the B ' value that pixel lacked that will contain GR ' or RG ' in the vertical direction is calculated with reference to the B value of vertical direction, in Fig. 6 A, B 0' be non-existent originally, G 0The B of position 0' reconstruction need with reference to G 0The B of vertical two examples 1And G 1' difference, B 2And G 2' difference and G 0, calculating formula is as follows, together with following formula (1):
B 0'=[(B 1-G 1')+(B 2-G 2')] ÷ 2+G 0Formula (1)
To weigh so in regular turn Nogata in will contain the blue element B that pixel lacked of GR ' or RG ' ' value calculates one by one, therefore, Fig. 6 A becomes Fig. 6 B, makes each pixel of each row respectively have blue element.
Continue shown in Fig. 6 C, the red elemental R ' value that pixel lacked that contains BG ' or GB ' in the vertical direction is calculated with reference to the R value of vertical direction, in Fig. 6 C, R 0' be non-existent originally, G 0The R of position 0' reconstruction need with reference to G 0The R of vertical two examples 1And G 1' difference, R 2And G 2' difference and G 0, calculating formula is as follows, is same as following formula (2):
R 0'=[(R 1-G 1')+(R 2-G 2')] ÷ 2+G 0Formula (2)
So in regular turn R ' the value that pixel lacked in the vertical direction is calculated one by one, made the image pixel array of Fig. 6 C become the aspect shown in Fig. 6 D, make each pixel respectively contain RGB three color values, and then finish the program of whole image reconstruction.
After understanding specific implementation method of the present invention, below special difference at a concrete comparative example explanation utilization method of the present invention and existing method, with effect and the effect of verifying that the present invention was reached.As shown in Figure 7, at first, straight line near black of emulation (dark expression) adopts color interpolation method of the prior art by the zone (light color expression) of an approaching white, only changes the signal tendency variation of judging the vertical and horizontal direction and asks for interpolation value G with the G value C, the calculating formula of its deterministic process is as follows:
Vertically: variable quantity (G 1-G 4)=| 233-230|=3;
Level: variable quantity (G 2-G 3)=| 24-20|=4;
Then (horizontal variable quantity)>(vertical change amount).
If judge as only changing in the prior art with the G value, then cause system's erroneous judgement less for the change amount signal of vertical direction because of the judgement data is not enough, make system with (G 1+ G 4The G of computing center is come in)/2 CValue, thereby cause erroneous judgement, make the G value become 20,231,24 is discontinuous, makes this line seem to present the state that breaks.
On the contrary, utilize color interpolation method of the present invention, calculate the signal tendency variation of the vertical and horizontal direction of G value earlier with following formula:
Vertical G: variable quantity (G 1-G 4)=| 233-230|=3;
Horizontal G: variable quantity (G 2-G 3)=| 24-20|=4;
Then add R value auxiliary judgment more simultaneously, its calculating formula is as follows:
Vertical R: variable quantity (2R C-R 5-R 8)=| 50-200-203|=353;
Horizontal R: variable quantity (2R C-R 6-R 7)=| 50-21-23|=6;
(the vertical vertical R of G+>(the horizontal R of horizontal G+) then.
Therefore, after adding R value was judged, the signal tendency of energy actual response reality changed, and obtained the less information of signal variation of horizontal direction, so system will be with (G 2+ G 3The G of computing center is come in)/2 CValue and then obtains a comparatively correct interpolation value, and making the G value is 20,22,24, so the bar line seems can not break, and presents more continuously and image quality clearly.
Therefore, the present invention utilizes before interpolation is calculated, consideration G value is considered peripheral B simultaneously in the lump, the directivity of R value, to add the flow process that edge and tendency are judged, and then two green pixel values utilizing signal to change less level or vertical direction are come in addition average, to obtain a G value comparatively accurately, be that basic interpolation is obtained B value and R value with the G value more then, make the signal numerical value of whole interpolation process present good annexation, reach the final purpose that accurate interpolation color-values is provided, nationality makes image present level and smooth image naturally to reach the effect of resolution height and stability, improves the big shortcoming of interpolation systematic error in the prior art with certain.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.

Claims (14)

1. interpolation method of supplying pixel color, be applied to the image pixel array that light is produced after by a colored filter, this image pixel array is formed by red pixel, blue pixel and green pixel, this interpolation method is supplied in order to the color element that each this pixel is lost, make each pixel respectively contain red, blue, green element, this interpolation method of supplying pixel color comprises the following steps:
Receive the signal of this image pixel array, and judge this green pixel level on every side and the signal tendency variation of vertical direction in this image pixel array;
According to changing minimum direction, two green pixels of each red/blue pixel adjacency are in addition average, and the mean value of gained becomes the data of the green element in each this red/blue pixel; And
For all pixels of level and vertical direction, supply blue element or the red elemental that each pixel is lost with interpolation method respectively, and then make each pixel respectively contain green, red, blue element.
2. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described pel array is that green, a blue pixel column and one red, green pixel leu preface are arranged the array that forms.
3. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the step of judging the variation of signal tendency is level and the vertical direction for each this green pixel, is judged according to the value of its peripheral green pixel and red/blue pixel.
4. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the tendency of the horizontal direction of the surrounding pixel signal value of this green pixel changes little than vertical direction, it then is benchmark with the horizontal direction, two these green pixels of these red/blue pixel level two side adjacency are average in addition with each, this mean value becomes the green element in each this red/blue pixel, and supplies its green element.
5. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when the tendency of the vertical direction of the surrounding pixel signal value of this green pixel changes little than horizontal direction, it then is benchmark with the vertical direction, two these green pixels of these red/vertical two side adjacency of blue pixel are average in addition with each, this mean value becomes the green element in each this red/blue pixel, and supplies its green element.
6. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: supply in the step of blue element that these pixels lose or red elemental, these pixels of arranging for horizontal direction are supplied color element earlier, and then these pixels of arranging for vertical direction are again supplied color element.
7. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: supply in the step of blue element that these pixels lose or red elemental, these pixels of arranging for vertical direction are supplied color element earlier, and then these pixels of arranging for horizontal direction are again supplied color element.
8. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: supply in the step of blue element that these pixels lose or red elemental, supply blueness and red elemental that each this green pixel is lost, supply the red elemental that each should the indigo plant pixel be lost, and supply the blue element that each this red pixel is lost.
9. interpolation method of supplying pixel color, be applied to the image pixel array that light is produced after by a colored filter, this image pixel array includes first pixel, second pixel and the 3rd pixel, this interpolation method is supplied in order to the color element that each this pixel is lost, make each this pixel respectively contain first element, second element and element, this interpolation method of supplying pixel color comprises the following steps:
Receive the signal of this image pixel array, and judge this first pixel level on every side and the signal tendency variation of vertical direction in this image pixel array;
According to changing minimum direction, two of this second/the 3rd pixel adjacency these first pixels are in addition average with each, and the mean value of gained becomes the data of first element in each this second/the 3rd pixel;
For these pixels of level and vertical direction, supply second element or the element that each this pixel is lost with interpolation method respectively, and then make each this pixel respectively contain first, second and third element.
10. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described first, second and third pixel is respectively green pixel, red pixel and blue pixel, and this pel array is that green, a blue pixel column and one red, green pixel leu preface are arranged the array that forms.
11. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: judge that the step that the signal tendency changes is the level and the vertical direction of this first pixel for each, judged according to the value of first pixel and second/the 3rd pixel of its periphery.
12. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: supply second element that these pixels lose or the step of element, be that these pixels of arranging for horizontal direction are earlier supplied color element, then these pixels of arranging for vertical direction are again supplied color element.
13. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: supply second element that these pixels lose or the step of element, be that these pixels of arranging for vertical direction are earlier supplied color element, then these pixels of arranging for horizontal direction are again supplied color element.
14. interpolation method of supplying pixel color as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: supply second element that these pixels lose or the step of element, be to supply second and third element that each this first pixel is lost, supply the element that each this second pixel is lost, and supply second element that each the 3rd pixel is lost.
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CN115294927A (en) * 2022-09-28 2022-11-04 长春希达电子技术有限公司 Color compensation method, storage medium and system based on pixel multiplexing
CN115294927B (en) * 2022-09-28 2022-12-27 长春希达电子技术有限公司 Color compensation method based on pixel multiplexing, storage medium and system

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