CN1650140A - Drill cutting treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Drill cutting treatment method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1650140A
CN1650140A CNA038094665A CN03809466A CN1650140A CN 1650140 A CN1650140 A CN 1650140A CN A038094665 A CNA038094665 A CN A038094665A CN 03809466 A CN03809466 A CN 03809466A CN 1650140 A CN1650140 A CN 1650140A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
reactor
drilling cuttings
demulsifier
continuously
inorganic acid
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Granted
Application number
CNA038094665A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN100523689C (en
Inventor
R·皮雷茨克多瓦
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RACIONAL ENERGY AND ENVIRONMEN
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RACIONAL ENERGY AND ENVIRONMEN
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Priority claimed from US09/683,881 external-priority patent/US6668947B2/en
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Publication of CN1650140A publication Critical patent/CN1650140A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
    • E21B21/068—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole using chemical treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B09B3/45—Steam treatment, e.g. supercritical water gasification or oxidation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
    • E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
    • E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
    • E21B21/066—Separating solids from drilling fluids with further treatment of the solids, e.g. for disposal

Abstract

A method and apparatus for treating for disposal oil-contaminated clay substrates such as drill cuttings from drilling with an oil-based mud. If necessary, the substrate is pretreated with an aqueous emulsion breaker such as alkylbenzenesulfonic acid. The substrate is mixed under high shear conditions with a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid. This can be done in an agitated reactor with sequential addition of the organic and inorganic acids. The substrate is then mixed with alkaline earth such as lime in a second agitated reactor. The reactions between the acid(s), alkaline earth and substrate are exothermic and provide heat to vaporize the oil, reaction products and water. Recoverable constituents in the vapor can be condensed in a vapor collection system. The treated substrate is essentially free of oil and has a controlled water content.

Description

Drilling cuttings processing method and equipment
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing the drilling cuttings that is dyed by greasy dirt carried out for environment disposes acceptably, and relate to more specifically in order to remove oil apace from drilling cuttings and come processed in sequence that drilling cuttings is carried out to obtain not to have oily treated drilling cuttings substantially with organic demulsifying agent, acidulant and alkaline earth that confession is selected for use.
Background technology
The drilling cuttings of oil base is commonly considered as controlled or dangerous discarded object.Like this, can two kinds of different modes dispose drilling cuttings: (1) purified treatment; Or the landfill of (2) danger wastes under control.Because polluted surface and underground water and contaminated air are arranged, break the danger of ecosystem balance, danger wastes is considered to a kind of threat to environment.Selection in the landfill under control aspect the normally last environment of doing of disposal threat discarded object is because problem is just transferred to another place from a place, and final result just is deferred to the slower date.
There are some kinds to can be used for handling the technology that threatens discarded object at present by different devices.Depend on the type of pollutant and concentration, pollutant are scattered in matrix wherein and can be the place that identical or different drilling cuttings produces and will be disposed, all these technology all have its advantage and limitation.Transport and place and total processing time of time of processing cost, processing procedure, near the pollutant ecological protection zone, water body, the human settlement, desert etc. are all factors that will consider in selecting best available techniques.
Oil-gas exploration relies on the different degree of depth and sentences different-diameter and carry out drilling well, and penetrates and have the different kinds of rocks form of expression the different geo-logical terrains of (as clay, rock, layer of sand, empty underground salt mine, salt solution and phreatic surface).Drilling well needs drilling fluid, is also referred to as drilling mud, and it has following listed various physical functions:
Cooling and lubricated drill bit
Form filter cake with temporary transient " jacket (casing) " well
With drilling cuttings from the drill bit carrier band to the face of land
Prevent the reservoir fluid ejection
The solid fragment of the material that is cut by drill bit when drilling well is advanced is called drilling cuttings.Drilling mud is a kind ofly to have special rheological properties to satisfy the physical-chemical fluid of all needs of drilling well when running into the extreme pressure of different geo-logical terrains, the degree of depth and natural fluid.The mud that two kinds of main types are arranged:
Oil-base mud (being also referred to as inverted emulsion (inverse emulsion) mud)
Water-base mud
Their prescription becomes according to each supplier and in the overall characteristic of each drilling well at each scene.These fill a prescription normally expensive, so they will be recycled.Before recirculation, must be adjusted their prescription, to substitute the compound that in processing procedure, loses.The constituent of many drilling muds generally includes the compound of some:
Bentonite
Barite
Diesel oil or other oil
Polymer
Sodium chloride and potassium chloride
Water
Water-base mud is not used diesel oil or oil, but uses chloride; Inverted emulsion uses than the more diesel oil of water.Synthetic mud as used herein, that term " oil-base mud " is sorted out separately when also including is although synthetic mud comprises an amount of hydrocarbon, the hydrocarbon that is generally refining substitutes diesel oil.Although oil-base mud may be more cheap in the use, and may have operating advantage, because water-base mud does not contain the oil that is difficult to dispose, so use them to substitute the oil base drilling fluid sometimes.
Will remember that importantly in all cases, mud is stable physical emulsion, this is necessary, separates to prevent its component with different densities and other physics-electrical characteristics.Mud can be thickness and flexible, just as colloid, and can not lose its mobile performance.When contaminated oil base drilling cuttings dehydration, their thickness more that becomes.
Center by drill string is ejected into drill bit with mud, and makes in its annulus between drill string and well and flow out to the face of land, realize by this way to the refrigerating function of drill bit and lubricated, to the jacket of drilling well and the most at last the drilling cuttings carrier band to the face of land.On the face of land mud isolated from drilling cuttings adding utilization again, and to drilling cuttings dispose, normally the landfill under control is disposed.
Because drilling cuttings keeps the part of drilling mud and its concentration 25 with surpass between 50 percentage by weights and change, so mud in the separation of drilling cuttings and not exclusively.Therefore, according to the residual components of mud and their concentration, can think that drilling cuttings is a danger wastes.Because the dangerous concentration of component such as diesel oil, chloride, polymer etc. of drilling cuttings, about the consideration of environmental protection aspect is transported and handled the drilling cuttings of the characteristic that shows pollutant before requiring in being discarded into environment.The prior art of knowing the most that is used to handle the drilling cuttings that inverted emulsion pollutes is:
Incinerate
Stablize and encapsulation
Thermal desorption
Chemical oxidation
Biochemical degradation
Landfill under the control
Be used to select the most frequently used standard of best techniques to be:
The reliability of environment aspect (danger of environment aspect)
Because the specific environment institute requirement in legislation and geographical position
The limitation that each technology showed (reliability of equipment and processing procedure)
Cost
The relative drilling cuttings of the speed of processing procedure produces speed
Handle available space
The characteristic in final disposal place
Logistics
Owing to can not guarantee 100% encapsulation, can not guarantee that the encapsulation meeting continues for a long time under any environment in final disposal place, so seldom use encapsulation because of its high risk.At the US4 of Gabbita, can see the example of encapsulation in 913,586 and people's such as Pridemore US5,630,785.
As the US5 of Smith, the biochemical degradation in 039,415 requires lasting supervision and the control in whole process, and this institute choosing method is very slow, and may need the time of several years for the processing of each situation.Landfill under the control is selected for use fewer and fewerily, because problem does not have solution, and has only changed the place and the time of final decomposition.
The example of incineration course comprises the US1 of Kernan, 444,794 and people's such as DesOrmeaus US4,606,283.The major limitation of incinerating is its running cost, and because when the concentration of pollutant normally changed in practice, strict stoichiometric opereating specification was difficult to keep, so process control is also very difficult.In addition, has very high thermal conductivity factor, so incineration course consumes energy very because whole matrix must be heated to many compositions of ignition temperature and matrix.In addition, the flexibility of building cremation facilities at the scene is relatively poor, and the logistics costs height.
As the US5 of Balch, 228,804, people such as Prill 5,272,833 and/or people such as Pate 5,927,970 THE METHOD OF THERMAL DESORPTION has some limitation, comprises that the thermal efficiency is low, process control is poor, flexibility is low, cost of investment is high, running cost is high and the low feasibility of on-the-spot project.Owing to must heat, cause extra investment, maintenance and running cost, and process control is poor, the thermal efficiency of thermal desorption even also lower than incinerating to whole matrix.Because drilling cuttings tends to be adhesive on the wall and on other the equipment surface, the viscoelastic property of drilling cuttings makes difficult treatment, thereby owing to the internal diameter that has in fact reduced tube has reduced hot transmission, and productivity ratio and/or quality are descended.In addition, thermal desorption further increases its cost for by condensation or the extra processing of getter body requirement back and forth of other treatment measures.
The US5 of Ritter has for example disclosed chemical oxidation method in 414,207.In this method, will be with water-repelling agent pretreated lime and damp soil fusion in inert atmosphere, and be introduced into decomposition container.Then air is introduced this mixture, with the oxidation that realizes oil contaminants/or hydrolysis.The primary focus of this method be the hydrolysis with lime be deferred to until the mixture fusion for a long time after, be beneficial to the oxidation/hydrolysis of organic pollution, thereby this process is comparatively slow and discontinuous.
Summary of the invention
But the present invention is a kind of be used to handle the chemical oxidation/desorption method that drilling cuttings disposed with the protection ring condition and invention of system.When needs, this process is mixed with inorganic acid afterwards with demulsifier preliminary treatment drilling cuttings, then with the drilling cuttings of acidifying with alkaline earth, preferably under high shear conditions, mix.The step of this process is strong heat release, and produces gaseous products with apace, for example remove oil in the time of staying of second being roughly 60-80 from drilling cuttings.Therefore, the present invention realizes that very quick and powerful oil removing, reliability height, efficient height and cost are low, and minimum power consumption.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of be particularly suitable for handling comprise that the matrix that is subjected to the clay that greasy dirt dyes is for the method for disposing.This method is included under the shear conditions mixes matrix mutually with dense inorganic acid, to obtain to have the acidifying mixture of pH less than the preheating of a water of 0.Mixture with gained under shear conditions mixes mutually with alkaline earth, and its combined amount can produce evaporation oil with and the thermal discharge of product.Reclaim the solid reaction product that does not have oil substantially.If desired or want, can with matrix is dusted before inorganic acid mixes mutually.Perhaps, can be with before inorganic acid mixes mutually, with organic demulsifier pre-treatment of matrix.Matrix preferably comprises drilling cuttings, removes hydrocarbon although this method also can be used to from various matrix, particularly to contain the matrix of clay.The oil-based drilling mud of drilling cuttings advantageous particularly this method is polluted by to(for) processing.
When in method, using demulsifier, it is organic acid or addition salts preferably, for example, such as alkylbenzenesulfonate, arylsulphonate, alkylaryl sulfonate, aromatic alkyl sulfonate or its combination, more preferably alkyl sulfonic acid, aryl sulfonic acid, alkarylsulphonic acid, sweet-smelling alkyl sulfonic acid or its combination.In a preferred embodiment, organic acid or addition salts comprise water-based alkylbenzenesulfonate, for example alkyl benzene sulphonate, particularly dodecyl benzene sulfonate, for example DBSA (DDBSA).In 100 parts of matrix, preferably sneak into demulsifier with the ratio of 0.5 to 5 weight portion, more preferably with 1 to 3 part, and particularly 1 to 1.5 part.
Inorganic acid is sulfuric acid preferably.Inorganic acid preferably mixes with the ratio of 1 to 20 weight portion in per 100 parts of matrix, 2 to 13 weight portions more preferably, and 4 to 7 weight portions particularly.If want, can add a certain proportion of water with the toatl proportion of 20 to 40 weight portions in per 100 parts of matrix together along with matrix and inorganic acid.
Alkaline earth is lime preferably.In 100 parts of matrix, preferably sneak into lime with the ratio of 1 to 16 weight portion, more preferably 2 to 10 parts, and 3 to 6 weight portions particularly.
The mixing of inorganic acid is preferably carried out in one first reactor, and mixed alkaline earth carries out in one second reactor of the mixture of accepting to discharge from first reactor.The mixing of demulsifier and inorganic acid can be carried out in first reactor one by one.This method preferably comprises the steam that recovery produces from first and second reactors, the steam that condensation is reclaimed is also discharged the gas that does not condense.
In another embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes that is used to handle.This method comprises:
(1) drilling cuttings is incorporated into continuously the arrival end of one first reactor, described first reactor is included at least one rotating shaft that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
(2), then organic demulsifier of water-based is introduced first reactor continuously at primary importance place near arrival end if the water content of drilling cuttings is lower than 20 percentage by weights or oil content is higher than 30 percentage by weights;
(3) with the isolated second place of the port of export of first reactor place inorganic acid is being introduced first reactor continuously;
(4) at least one axle of rotation first reactor to be keeping the shear conditions in first reactor continuously, and discharge the intermediate product of acidifying;
(5) intermediate product of acidifying is introduced continuously the arrival end of one second reactor, described second reactor is included at least one axle that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
(6) in a position alkaline earth is introduced second reactor continuously near the arrival end of second reactor;
(7) at least one axle of rotation second reactor to be keeping second shear conditions of answering in the device, and discharge product continuously from the port of export of second reactor, and wherein product does not have oil substantially.
The ratio of adding the water of first reactor along with demulsifier and inorganic acid together to preferably amounts to 0 to 40 weight portion in per 100 parts of matrix.This method also can comprise the steam that recovery produces from first and second reactors, and the steam that reclaims is carried out scrubbing and the not noncondensing gas in the recovered steam is discharged to atmosphere.
In another embodiment, the present invention is a kind of is used to handle the method that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes.This method comprises:
(1) drilling cuttings is incorporated into continuously the arrival end of one first reactor, described first reactor is included at least one rotating shaft that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
(2) at primary importance place the DBSA of per 100 parts of drilling cuttings 1 to 3 weight portions is introduced first reactor continuously near arrival end;
(3) in the primary importance downstream sulfuric acid of per 100 parts of drilling cuttings 2 to 13 weight portions is introduced first reactor continuously;
(4) at least one axle of rotation first reactor to be keeping the shear conditions in first reactor continuously, and discharge the intermediate product of acidifying;
(5) intermediate product of acidifying is introduced continuously the arrival end of one second reactor, described second reactor is included at least one axle that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
(6) in a position lime of per 100 parts of drilling cuttings 2 to 10 weight portions is introduced second reactor continuously near the arrival end of second reactor;
(7) at least one axle of rotation second reactor to be keeping second shear conditions of answering in the device, and discharge product continuously from the port of export of second reactor, and wherein product contains the oil that is lower than 3000ppm;
(8) from the first and second reactor recovered steams;
(9) condensed fluid from the steam that reclaims is to form the not exhaust stream of condensing vapour.
In another embodiment, the invention provides a kind of be used to handle comprise be subjected to the clay particle that greasy dirt dyes matrix for the equipment of disposing.This equipment comprises: be used under shear conditions matrix being mixed mutually with dense inorganic acid, to obtain to have one first device of pH less than the acidifying mixture of the preheating of a water of 0; Be used under shear conditions mixing mutually with alkaline earth from the mixture of first device and its combined amount can produce evaporate oily with and one second the installing of the thermal discharge of product; And be used to retrieve from described the 3rd device, do not have oily substantially and be mainly the device of the product of solid.
In another embodiment, the invention provides a kind of equipment that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes that is used to handle.This equipment comprises: be used for drilling cuttings is incorporated into continuously the device of the arrival end of one first reactor, described first reactor is included at least one rotating shaft that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers; Be used for the demulsifier of water-based being introduced continuously the device of first reactor at primary importance place near arrival end; Be used for inorganic acid being introduced continuously the device of first reactor with the isolated second place of the port of export of first reactor place; Be used for rotating at least one axle of first reactor with shear conditions that keeps first reactor continuously and the device of discharging the intermediate product of acidifying; Be used for the intermediate product of acidifying is introduced continuously the device of the arrival end of one second reactor, described second reactor is included at least one axle that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers; Be used at the device of alkaline earth being introduced continuously second reactor near a position of the arrival end of second reactor; And at least one axle that is used for rotating second reactor is to keep second to answer the shear conditions of device and discharge the device of the product of not having oil substantially from the port of export of second reactor continuously.
In alternative embodiment, the invention provides a kind of equipment that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes that is used to handle.This equipment comprises: one first reactor, this first reactor be included in first end have an inlet and have a vertical housing of an outlet in the opposite end, vertically at least one rotating shaft of setting and a plurality of blades that separate along described at least one between centers in housing; And one second reactor, this second reactor be included in that first end has an inlet and have a vertical housing of an outlet in the opposite end, vertically at least one rotating shaft of setting and a plurality of blades that separate along described at least one between centers in housing.One first solid charging gear is set, is used for drilling cuttings is introduced continuously the inlet of first reactor.This equipment comprises the storage tank of a demulsifier and draws, is used at a pipeline of demulsifier being introduced continuously first reactor near the porch from the demulsifier storage tank.Be provided with the storage tank of an aqueous inorganic acid and draw, be used for inorganic acid being introduced continuously a pipeline of first reactor from the inorganic acid storage tank in the upstream of demulsifier downstream and outlet.One skewed slot is set, is used for continuously product being conveyed into from the outlet of first reactor inlet of second reactor.One second charging gear is set, is used for alkaline earth being introduced second reactor continuously near the arrival end place.One the 3rd charging gear moves apart product the outlet of second reactor continuously.This equipment also comprise be used for from first and second reactors reclaim gas and produce noncondensing gas stream not steam collecting system, be used for from from a condenser of the condensation of gas liquid of steam collecting system and an exhaust outlet that is used to discharge the gas that does not condense.
The first and second solid charging gears are preferably and comprise the packing that is used to stop the gas from the respective reaction device to pass through.The demulsifier storage tank can be equipped with DBSA.The inorganic acid storage tank can be equipped with sulfuric acid.This equipment also comprises a water lines, is used for along with demulsifier and/or inorganic acid are introduced water together.
An alkaline earth feed hopper can be set, be used for alkaline earth is supplied to second charging gear.The alkaline earth feed hopper can be equipped with lime.
This equipment is preferably the control device that comprises the speed that is used to measure the proportional demulsifier of speed, inorganic acid and the lime introduced with drilling cuttings.
Condenser can comprise the indirect heat exchanger that is used for refrigerating gas or be used to direct heat exchanger that gas is contacted with liquid absorption medium.
Another embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of be used to utilize oil-base mud to circulate and bore pick up go into the well and can not discharge the system that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes.This system comprises: a drilling machine, and it has the drill string that is used for drilling well and the oil-base mud and reclaim a mud circulating system of drilling cuttings of being used to circulate; And a drilling cuttings processing unit, can work explicitly with drilling machine in this unit, to accept the drilling cuttings that reclaims and to produce treated and drilling cuttings that oil content reduces.Processing unit preferably comprises aforesaid equipment.
Another embodiment of the present invention provide a kind of be used to utilize oil-base mud to circulate and bore pick up go into the well and can not discharge the method that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes.This method comprises: the drilling machine that operation has a rotary drill column with carry out drilling well, by drill string circulation oil-base mud from well, to take out drilling cuttings, from mud, reclaim drilling cuttings and to handle drilling cuttings according to above-mentioned method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that oil, water and all solid formations in the oil base drilling cuttings are shown.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of all phases among Fig. 1 when finishing breakdown of emulsion.
Fig. 3 is a procedure chart of handling the oil base drilling cuttings according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of equipment according to an embodiment of the invention, shows main equipment.
Fig. 5 A shows the stereogram of one of reactor shell according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 B schematically shows the bottom horizontal flow sheet figure in the reactor shell inside of Fig. 5 A.
Fig. 5 C shows the perpendicular flow pattern of the reactor shell inside of Fig. 5 B.
Fig. 6 A shows the front view of an apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 B shows the conceptual scheme of equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The treatment step of being implemented is for mixing oil base matrix in turn with inorganic acid and alkaline earth in the present invention.Add inorganic acid and make matrix chemically be in good state handling, and can begin exothermic reaction, with preheated substrate and help to remove volatile compound with alkaline earth.Alkaline earth is finished the physical chemistry conversion of matrix, and further begins to carry out chemical reaction with matrix, inorganic acid (as reactant and/or catalyst) and hydrocarbon, and they extremely can heat release, with help vaporization reaction product and other volatile ingredient.Exist in the mixture water help chemical reaction and acid with the acid of gasifying of the similar mode of the steam distillation of hydrocarbon.Hydrocarbon reacts in solid/liquid mixture and/or in vapour phase, to form low-molecular-weight hydrocarbon, oxide and/or inorganic acid derivative, for example sulfonate.Calcium or inorganic acid, for example thiosulfonic acid also can react with stable solid reaction product, for example calcium sulfate, and this helps to stablize the solid reaction product that does not have oil substantially of gained.
Drilling mud is a kind of stable emulsion, and it is included as drilling well and carries out some kinds of chemical products of many difference in functionalitys, and described difference can be fetched into well from the bottom such as the lubricated and cooling by forming the temporary transient jacket of filter cake, drill bit and with drilling cuttings.The density of mud can change over any value between 900g/l to 5kg/l; All mud compositions must the institute in operating process all keep suspending if having time.Under normal subterranean well condition and at place, the face of land, accept drilling mud and drilling cuttings from many different geo-logical terrains, with mud separation.Drilling cuttings may be pure must be existing when forming just as them, but at the drill bit place and work as them in the way of advancing to the face of land, drilling cuttings can be subjected to the pollution of mud composition.Separating the process of mud, recycle mud, and further utilize these mud again, and must dispose drilling cuttings from the drilling cuttings face of land.
The separation of drilling cuttings from mud is unsatisfactory, so part mud is still stayed in the drilling cuttings, closely mixing, emulsification and have the sticky product of high concentration, making drilling cuttings is a viscoelastic product.In this drilling cuttings, chemical product combines as pollutant, forms the matrix of thickness, and this is difficult to transport and handles to be purified.Therefore, because the protective layer on the drilling cuttings particle stops reagent treatment to be passed, there is very unique technique problem in drilling cuttings aspect their processing.These residues are not liquid, but very stable solid-liquid dispersed substance.This solid phase is that thixotropism is jellied.And this liquid phase is oil/water.
Although be concrete of the present invention here, also can handle other danger wastes, particularly contain the discarded object of clay with this method and equipment with reference to describing as the drilling cuttings of an example, the drilling cuttings that particularly obtains from the operation of adopting oil-based drilling mud.Because the clay that has high level usually in oil field and other stratum is so drilling cuttings contains this a large amount of class materials.Also have the very wide range of application of clay, such as lubricating oil in pottery, paper, drilling fluid and some type at industrial level.In addition, it also is used to pesticide, binding agent, ointment, rubber and catalyst or catalyst carrier.
The volatilization that the present invention utilizes chemical oxidation and/or pollutant with pollutant level be reduced to security context dispose desired under.This equipment be designed to processing procedure automatically mode carry out, and continuously, reliable and efficient.The energy that each handled drilling cuttings weight cell is used is minimum.Handle according to the present invention, the treated drilling cuttings or the danger wastes of other type are easy to be disposed in any landfill as any industrial residue nontoxic, that do not have danger.
Contaminated oil base drilling cuttings is emulsion form stable, must carry out breakdown of emulsion before trial is carried out chemical treatment to it.The breakdown of emulsion that the matrix of oil base drilling cuttings is carried out is a physical and chemical process, comprises taking apart and separating in all components each, always produce two liquid phases, one organic (oil) mutually with-inorganic (water) mutually, an and solid phase.Come in an aqueous medium, to change each polarity in the two-phase by adding acid or other demulsifier, thereby form organic facies, and described acid or other demulsifier can be by adding heat or stirring or adding both simultaneously and be strengthened.
Demulsifier is can destroy or the acidity of the emulsion of " cracking " water in oil or the compound of multivalence.Some emulsions that are associated with drilling cuttings can be easy to be cracked by strong acid, particularly have higher relatively water content (20＞percent), lower oil content (＜percent 30=, and generally do not have big solid block or sphere when drilling cuttings.Other emulsion that has lower water content or higher oil content or present solid block then is not as being easy to crack separately by inorganic acid, but needs additional demulsifier.For example aromatic alkyl sulfonic acid, particularly DBSA (DDBSA) are to change solution polarity and such as viscosity and interface interfacial surface tension and not obvious change comprises the material of the chemical characteristic of pH.Can low dose of use these compounds, and they preferably biodegradable or chemistry are oxidable, do not have poisonous residue and in the environment project, use.In the present invention, demulsifier is hydrophilic and oleophilic molecule or iron preferably, and a part that this means this molecule is hydrophobic (hydrophobic), and another part is hydrophilic (attraction water).Hydrophobic (tail) portion is a hydrocarbon chain normally, particularly 12 or more each carbon atoms in one.Hydrophilic (head) portion is (oxygen ethylene chain ,-NH ion or that polarity is arranged 2,-SO 2OH etc.).In solution, demulsifier tends to concentrate on water/oily interface place, at this place, hydrophilic head can with hydrate, hydrophobic afterbody then is attracted to oil molecule.
Fig. 1-2 shows the breakdown of emulsion schematic diagram from the emulsion of contaminated residue.Fig. 1 represents the drilling cuttings particle P among the water-based drop W that concentrates among the oil-continuous phase O.Fig. 2 is illustrated in the system shown in Figure 1 after the breaking, it have continuous oil phase O and comprise particle P, continuous water W substantially.Before breaking, some drilling cuttings particle P also may appear among the oil phase O, but more generally be to be associated with water W, particularly after breaking.
Can two kinds of different modes carry out breaking, in reactor in position or before drilling cuttings is fed into reactor externally, such as in situ of drilling well or local a long way off open spaces; Principle is identical, and they more depend on the characteristic of demulsifying agent.Because the particular characteristics of each compound (drilling cuttings and mud) needs different processing, so that the generalization of handling is impossible.Control with some variablees that emulsion is cracked as follows:
1.-the type of demulsifying agent and amount.
2.-the pH that mixes.
3.-the amount of transfer vector (transfer vehicle) (for example water).
4.-the time of homogenizing.
5.-the time of staying.
The validity of technology also depends on the characteristic of the contaminated matrix of drilling cuttings, such as:
1.-permeability.
2.-porosity.
3.-the homogenieity of medium.
4.-structure.
5.-mineralogy.
Although the temperature of mixture is to destroy an important factor of organic facies; but the demulsifying agent such as the alkylbenzenesulfonate of the sour form of preferable one-tenth is arranged also; that is the alkyl benzene sulphonate such as DBSA (DDBSA) of working at ambient temperature; they are convenient to handle and can protect operation; and need not heating, thereby reduced cost.The alkyl benzene sulphonate that can adopt straight chain or side chain is with comparatively favourable.
The idea that relevant demulsifying agent adds is the destruction fully of realizing emulsification for basic, and need not to use the more demulsifying agent than required.Too much demulsifying agent will require extra alkaline earth, and will be as described below, and will influence the economy of processing procedure unfriendly.In most application scenario, the ratio of the demulsifier that is adopted will be within the scope of 0.5 to 5 weight portion in the matrix (pph) of per 100 weight portions, particularly within about scope of 1 to 1.5pph.The pH of raw material drilling cuttings also will influence the amount of the DDBSA that is adopted.For example, if pH relatively low (being assumed to 9), the optimised quantity of DDBSA is 1pph, if but during the pH of matrix higher relatively (being assumed to 13), then optimal amount then is 1.5pph.
Demulsifier can act on pure liquid or solid to be added, but is to use liquid more easily.According to demulsifier physical state at ambient temperature, it may need to liquefy or dissolve by heating and/or water or other solvent dilution.By this way, can add needed water in the processing procedure together easily along with demulsifier, the amount of being added is as described below.For example, can demulsifier be applied to the raw material drilling cuttings from the aqueous solution of the DDBSA that contains 5 to 10 percentage by weights usually.
As mentioned above, the present invention specifically may be used on containing in the clay of danger wastes.When clay contacted with water with inorganic compound, its physical-chemical characteristic changed, and causes unpredictable structure usually.In the formation of the dispersed substance that these change lists are now extremely stable, if described dispersed substance will become more stable in water or soil when having the chemical compound that forms ion to exist in its aqueous solution.
The peptization of the clay component in contaminated organic drilling cuttings is a physical chemical process, in this process, impels clay to expand by inorganic acid and/or lime, for example increases its volume and is beneficial to agglomerating particle and disintegrates and disperse.Can handle this process that promotes with DDBSA earlier, particularly when drilling cuttings matrix very thickness, as in the mixture of high oil/low water like that, and the follow-up highly-efficient treatment of using inorganic acid and alkaline earth and economy, and without detriment to environment.Peptization is saboteur's a physical process not, and the component of mixture is flocculated.In this process, preferably avoid chromic salts, manganese and iron.Along with acidifying, except making agglomerating clay particle instability, the activation solid phase to be developing its gluey character, and the peptization of realization and degree generation that can be bigger after lime mixes.
The idea that relevant demulsifying agent adds is the removal fully that realizes oil for basic, and need not to use than required more acid.Must be suitable for abundant acid and finish breakdown of emulsion, make it and lime reaction, and obtain the required heat of reaction (mainly utilizing lime) of volatilization of oil with pretreated clays.By with alkaline earth and drilling cuttings in the metal ingredient reaction that occurs, may consume some inorganic acids, particularly when adopting the drilling mud of high pH.What the pH of the water of gained mixture was preferable should be less than 0.On the other hand, too much acid may need extra lime, and is as described below, thereby influence the economy of processing procedure unfriendly.Available water is diluted inorganic acid, reaching desired result, but preferably with concentrate or undiluted concentration use.Employed inorganic acid dosage is preferably 1 to 20pph in this processing procedure, and more preferably 2 to 13pph, and particularly 4 to 7pph.Suitable inorganic acid for example comprises: sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and similarly acid.Also can use the combination of inorganic acid, for example the mixture of nitric acid and sulfonic acid.Sulfuric acid is preferred.
Because acid is added in the clay oil matrix and the temperature that exothermal nature produced in follow-up alkaline earth adds, most of water existing and that add together along with demulsifier and/or inorganic acid will be evaporated in the drilling cuttings.If, along with demulsifier and/or inorganic acid have added too many water together, and counting existing water in the drilling cuttings, the temperature of reaction may be suppressed to the point that may influence volatilization unfriendly, and final product will comprise steam undesirable, very high-load and/or the hydrocarbon for reacting.On the other hand, if the water that adds is very few, then may not abolish emulsification fully, mineral acid treatment may be ineffective, and the product that does not promote alkaline-reacting and/or processing fully too dry doubling has caused dust.As the problem of a reality, for example can regulate the water yield of adding together, until the aquation of the processed drilling cuttings that obtains desired degree along with demulsifier; If product is very much powdery, then add more water; If too moistening, then less water.Preferably along with demulsifier and/or inorganic acid add water together, but also can add dividually.The ratio of the water in the drilling cuttings after adding demulsifier is preferably within the scope of 20 to 40 left and right sides pph.
When processing procedure finishes or the material of the relevant maximum water capacity in the end product adjust situation and preferably be not less than 3 percentage by weights so that it transports and final disposal.Adjustment to end product also is a part of the present invention, because initial product has higher relatively water capacity, and final product is the dry powder that is easy to transport, and makes them can transport the water that does not have abundant residues with final disposal.2.2 1.1-1.2 that convert to the treated drilling cuttings when typically the proportion of collection drilling cuttings is for example from input.In this processing procedure, can control the water content of reason solid of living in, having avoided dust, and keep lower water content simultaneously and needing to avoid any post-processing operation, the processing procedure of more like prior aries is needed like that, with water and/or surfactant be sprayed onto handle on the solid.
In general, the alkaline earth after breaking and inorganic acid add step add step purpose by volatilization with evaporate the hydrocarbon composition, comprise that the exothermic reaction of oxidation comes discarded object or saturated hydrocarbons material are detoxified.For example, organic compound can change into volatility or the transpirable oxide such as ethanol, ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, carbon dioxide and water usually.In the present invention, by because heat that exothermicity acid-the lime addition reaction produces, the process of mainly carrying out steam distillation from the drilling cuttings solid remove low-molecular-weight organic compound.Because the existence of sulfuric acid (or other inorganic acid) has also formed volatile sulfonate, but and catalytic oxidation.Although in heat insulation or adiabatic container, carry out this processing procedure and make the weak point of the time of staying usually so that relative thermal loss minimum is just enough, but still can carry out extra heating and be beneficial to evaporation/reaction by reactor heating container externally, for example by steam jacket and/or by preheating drilling cuttings and/or acid/lime additive.
Oxidation-reduction reaction takes place in couples, that is to say, and a compound generation oxidation, another is reduced simultaneously.At the chemical oxidation that is used for handling danger wastes, add oxidant with the oxidation discarded object, this discarded object works as reducing agent again.In one embodiment of the invention, inorganic acid, particularly organic acid can be used as oxidant, with in the oxidation drilling cuttings matrix or the hydrocarbon from the steam of its recovery.Oxidant is nonspecific, and can with any other the reducing agent reaction in the waste material.Be beneficial to the chemical oxidation of organic material by the rising temperature, described temperature raises and is produced as the heat that is present in the moisture in the drilling cuttings matrix with the lime dilution by exothermic reaction between alkaline earth and the acid and acid.If a large amount of organic molecules is arranged in discarded object, then chemical oxidation just correspondingly needs a large amount of oxidants.For this reason, it is desirable carrying out initial hydrocarbon mensuration, to know its initial concentration.Purpose is to add the acid and the lime of aequum, so that the cost of processing procedure is few as much as possible, although as the problem of a reality, adopted more reactants usually, removes hydrocarbon fully with assurance.For typical organic drilling cuttings, use 1 to 16pph, preferably 2 to 10pph and particularly about alkaline earth of 3 to 6pph, preferably lime.
Fig. 3 shows the figure of the processing procedure that is used for organic drilling cuttings, the figure shows the different step of process, comprises utilizing aforesaid principle to add three kinds of different reagent for these three functions.This process is from adding drilling cuttings 10 to reactor 12, and the DDBSA14 and the sulfuric acid 16 that add specified quantitative, and they are reacted in reactor 12 immediately, this reactor 12 can be heat insulation or electric heating, perhaps by with steam or other heat-transfer fluid sheath in addition.Then, come the drilling cuttings through section processes of autoreactor 12 to be directed in the reactor 18, this reactor 18 also can be heat insulation and/or heating, and regulates the lime 20 of specified quantitative therein, thereby finishes this process.From reactor 16, discharge treated drilling cuttings 22, and can be used for carrying out their final disposal.The chemical reaction that is taken place is heat release, so accessory substance mainly is the organic compound of oxidation and the gas of water.These gases are by steam collecting system and condenser 24, and emit the gas 26 that does not condense.If necessary, can be separated into oil 30 and water 32, and this water is used to dilute DDBSA14 and/or sulfuric acid 16 as required, to realize control to the water capacity in the treated drilling cuttings 22 from the condensate 28 of vapor collection/condensation 24.
Fig. 4 shows this process and capital equipment involved in the present invention.From drilling cuttings skewed slot 100 feeding drilling cuttings, on this drilling cuttings skewed slot, drilling cuttings utilizes gravity current to drilling cuttings dosage charging gear 102, and utilizing gravity to be discharged to a chain and pan conveyor 104 that tilts afterwards, with arrival utilize gravity be released in first reactor 106 wanted the height, and such emitting preferably carried out via a sealing gland (not shown), enters reactor 106 to stop air.In reactor 106, from storage tank 108, add DDBSA, and add sulfuric acid from storage tank 110.Respectively by automatic dosage pump 112 and 114 with these reagent of amount feeding pro rata of drilling cuttings.
In reactor 106, the thickness capping of drilling cuttings matrix is abolished by DDBSA, and the component of drilling cuttings is exposed to follow-up acidifying, and described acidifying is also carried out in reactor 106 continuously.The design of reactor 106 helps prevent drilling cuttings to be adhesive on wall and the movable part, although so fixedly gathering do not had serious damage and may have some effect of heat insulation in addition.This is to realize by reactor 106 parts of metal alloy and motion and the high tangential velocity of drilling cuttings.In case the clay that destroyed matrix and caproic acid change, the matrix after the change is discharged to second reactor 118 because of gravity via skewed slot 116.
In reactor 118, add lime from feed hopper 119, and by charging gear 102 quantitatively.Lime can be buied from the market, and reacts with the organic compound synergism ground that is added on the acid in the reactor 106 and exist.Drilling cuttings through purifying is emptied on the conveyer belt 124 of inclination, and enters on the truck 126 of unloading by gravity.Just promote from chemical reaction, to remove gas, and force steam to pass condensation column 130 by induced draught fan 128.The gas that does not condense (mainly is water vapour and CO 2) dispersed into atmosphere.Condensation column 130 can be that refrigerating gas is with one of the formation condensate indirect heat exchanger.Perhaps, condensation column 130 can adopt the absorbent and direct heat exchanger by gas is contacted with the circulation absorbent of cooling the caustic solution amine aqueous solution that can buy on market.Can use coolant pump 132, heat exchanger 134 and collection/precipitation tube 136 to promote the steam condensation.Can from tube 136, periodically or continuously take out immiscible liquid and/or the solid such as oil that is gathered.Heat exchanger 134 can cool off by air or water or other traditional cooling medium.
Fig. 5 A shows the stereogram of a housing that is used for reactor 200, and this housing can be used to each in reactor 106 and 118, and they can have identical substantially size and structure.Fig. 5 B and 5C illustrate the schematic plan view of the material movement in the reactor 200 and the schematic elevational view of the material movement in the reactor 200 respectively.Reactor 200 comprises a housing 202, an inlet opening 204 and the outlet opening 206 in the lower surface of reactor 200 other ends in the upper surface at reactor 200 1 end places.A pair of axle 208 is longitudinally arranged in housing 202, and the rotation of direction that can be opposite or complementary.Be provided with a plurality of projectiles 210 of pin form along the length of axle 208.Arrow among Fig. 5 B and the 5C illustrates material, comprises oil base drilling cuttings and level and the move both vertically direction of three kinds of reagent by weight feed the time.If necessary, the baffle plate (not shown) can be set between adjacent projectile 210.The environment of extreme pH, for example stainless steel alloy in the necessary energy of the indoor design of reactor and the structural material opposing process.Also have, drilling cuttings preferably carries out three kinds of different motions simultaneously with reagent:
1) circular motion in vertical plane.
2) straight line one transverse movement (U type).
3), make the volume of input and output identical with the speed energy along the linear longitudinal movement of reactor.
The speed that material and being used for is made the structural material of reactor 106,118 prevents that viscoelastic matrigel is bonded on the wall of reactor 106.Movement velocity in the end of projectile 210 should be ideally, 4 meters of per seconds and be at least 0.2 meter of per second aspect the translation of two directions (U and straight line) at least aspect rotation.As per hour handling 30 tonnes of drilling cuttings (15m 3/ h) an example of reactor, reactor 106,118 respectively has roughly 12 feet long, has two parallel axes of 74 blade/axles and 18 inch diameters.Overall reaction (stop) time of (each reactor 30-40 second) preferably is no more than 60-80 second in two reactors.
Course of reaction needs favourable stirring.The matrix that the energy that is used to stir preferably is no more than each tonne processing is 1.5hp per hour.For example, in order per hour to handle 30 tonnes contaminated drilling cuttings, needed general power should be 45hp or littler.This process is carried out to be higher than slightly or preferably to be lower than slightly under the pressure of atmosphere, thereby does not need pressure vessel.The nickelic stainless steel alloy of corrosion the when material of the structure of reactor 200 inside preferably can be resisted the pH limit and the temperature that is stood.
There have some application scenarios to handle the occupation of land that contaminated drilling cuttings can use to be very limited, requires the offshore work platform of minimum floor space such as its situation.Under these environment, reactor can be suitable for different placements; They can be placed to the upright position from horizontal level, and have and identical operations condition when being mounted to horizontal level.In Fig. 6 A, can see to be generally used for the horizontally disposed scheme that land drilling cuttings is handled, and can see that in Fig. 6 B offshore work platform or other take up an area of the very nervous application scenario of the size scheme that is arranged vertically commonly used more.For example, in Fig. 6 B, second reactor 118 just is arranged on the below of first reactor 106.
Solid charging gear 142,144,146 among Fig. 6 B preferably rotates charging gear, enters reactor 106,118 to prevent air, otherwise, air enter the temperature that may tend to reduce reactor.Perhaps, can use the damper (not shown) of a spring bias voltage to stop air to enter this system.
This equipment can be permanent the installation, or installs to be used for interim application scenario with portable unit or module.Except reactor, according to the processing of the material of being disposed and metering (meteringout) also need other around or secondary device.These equipment comprise feed hopper, storage tank, feed meter, pump and dissimilar conveyers.This process is continuous, to realize the highest device efficiency, less energy consumption and lower production cost.This process is automatically, to guarantee uniformity and unified process control.
Example
This process and equipment are tested, be subjected to the drilling cuttings that oil-based drilling mud pollutes with processing.The proportion of drilling cuttings is 1.7, and solids content is 59 percentage by weights, and hydrocarbon content is 14 percentage by weights, and water content is 37 percentages, and pH is 13.With environment temperature supply drilling cuttings, and it is handled continuously in two reactors of series connection with the speed of 22 tonnes (361kg/min) per hour, each reactor has the diameter that 4m roughly is long, have 74 blades and 0.5m, and tip speed is at least 4m/s.The mean residence time of drilling cuttings in each reactor is roughly 40 seconds.Near the inlet of first reactor, add dense (98-99 percentage by weight) sulfuric acid continuously, and near the temperature the first reactor middle outlet is 110 ℃ with the speed of 26kg/min.Near with 25kg/min the inlet of second reactor speed is added lime continuously, and the outlet temperature of second reactor is 100 ℃.After the running of having set up stable state, the speed of sentencing 261kg/min from solid discharge obtains treated drilling cuttings, and the solids content of this treated drilling cuttings is 87.77 percentage by weights, and hydrocarbon content is 2300ppm, water content is 12 percentage by weights, and is non-dusting powder type.The steam that utilizes draft fan to reclaim with the speed of 157kg/mim from first and second reactors, this steam comprises the hydrocarbon of 14.7 percentage by weights, the oxygenated hydrocarbon of 18.8 percentage by weights and the water vapour of 66.5 percentages.Cooling steam to be condensing, and reclaims the hydrocarbon of 6.9kg/min and the water of 38.9kg/min; 111.2kg/min steam emitted.

Claims (60)

1. one kind is used to handle and comprises the matrix that is subjected to the clay that greasy dirt dyes for the method for disposing, and this method comprises:
(1) under shear conditions, matrix is mixed mutually with dense inorganic acid, to obtain to have the acidifying mixture of pH less than the preheating of a water of 0;
(2) under shear conditions, will mix mutually with alkaline earth, and its combined amount can produce the thermal discharge of evaporation oil and product thereof from the mixture of (1);
(3) retrieve the solid reaction product that does not have oil substantially of (2) certainly.
2. the method for claim 1 is included in and sneaks into (1) and before matrix is dusted.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is included in and sneaks into (1) before, with organic demulsifier pre-treatment of matrix.
4. as claim 1,2 or 3 described methods, wherein, matrix comprises drilling cuttings.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein, drilling cuttings is polluted by oil-based drilling mud.
6. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, demulsifier comprises organic acid or addition salts.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, inorganic acid or addition salts comprise alkylbenzenesulfonate, arylsulphonate, alkylaryl sulfonate, aromatic alkyl sulfonate or its combination.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein, demulsifier comprises alkyl sulfonic acid, aryl sulfonic acid, alkarylsulphonic acid, sweet-smelling alkyl sulfonic acid or its combination.
9. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, inorganic acid or addition salts comprise the water-based alkylbenzenesulfonate.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein, demulsifier comprises alkyl benzene sulphonate.
11. method as claimed in claim 6, wherein, inorganic acid or addition salts comprise dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, demulsifier comprises DBSA.
13., wherein,, sneak into demulsifier with the ratio of 0.5 to 5 weight portion in 100 parts of matrix as each described method in the claim 6 to 12.
14. as each described method among the claim 1-13, wherein, inorganic acid comprises sulfuric acid.
15., wherein,, sneak into inorganic acid with the ratio of 1 to 20 weight portion in 100 parts of matrix as each described method among the claim 1-14.
16. as each described method among the claim 1-15, wherein, in (1) along with matrix and inorganic acid add a certain proportion of water to amount in per 100 parts of matrix 20 to 40 weight portion together.
17. as each described method among the claim 1-16, wherein, alkaline earth is a lime.
18. method as claimed in claim 17 wherein, in 100 parts of matrix, is sneaked into lime with the ratio of 1 to 16 weight portion in (2).
19. as each described method among the claim 1-18, wherein, being blended in one first reactor of inorganic acid carried out, and sneaks into (2) and carry out in one second reactor of the mixture of accepting to discharge from first reactor.
20. method as claimed in claim 3, wherein, the mixing of demulsifier and inorganic acid can be carried out in first reactor one by one, and sneaks into (2) and carry out in one second reactor of the mixture of accepting to discharge from first reactor.
21. as claim 19 or 20 described methods, wherein, also comprise the steam that recovery produces from first and second reactors, the steam that condensation is reclaimed is also discharged the gas that does not condense.
22. one kind is used to handle the method that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes, this method comprises:
Drilling cuttings is incorporated into the arrival end of one first reactor continuously, and described first reactor is included at least one rotating shaft that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
If the water content of drilling cuttings is lower than 20 percentage by weights or oil content is higher than 30 percentage by weights, then organic demulsifier of water-based is introduced first reactor continuously at primary importance place near arrival end;
With the isolated second place of the port of export of first reactor place inorganic acid is being introduced first reactor continuously;
At least one axle that rotates first reactor to be keeping the shear conditions in first reactor continuously, and discharge the intermediate product of acidifying;
The intermediate product of acidifying is introduced the arrival end of one second reactor continuously, and described second reactor is included at least one axle that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
In a position alkaline earth is introduced second reactor continuously near the arrival end of second reactor;
At least one axle that rotates second reactor to be keeping second shear conditions of answering in the device, and discharge product continuously from the port of export of second reactor, and wherein product does not have oil substantially.
23. method as claimed in claim 22, wherein, demulsifier comprises organic acid or addition salts.
24. as claim 22 or 23 described methods, wherein, inorganic acid or addition salts comprise alkylbenzenesulfonate, arylsulphonate, alkylaryl sulfonate, aromatic alkyl sulfonate or its combination.
25. method as claimed in claim 24, wherein, demulsifier comprises alkyl sulfonic acid, aryl sulfonic acid, alkarylsulphonic acid, sweet-smelling alkyl sulfonic acid or its combination.
26. as claim 22 or 23 described methods, wherein, inorganic acid or addition salts comprise the water-based alkylbenzenesulfonate.
27. method as claimed in claim 26, wherein, demulsifier comprises alkyl benzene sulphonate.
28. method as claimed in claim 26, wherein, inorganic acid or addition salts comprise dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
29. method as claimed in claim 28, wherein, demulsifier comprises DBSA.
30., wherein,, introduce demulsifier with the ratio of 0.5 to 5 weight portion in 100 parts of drilling cuttings as each described method in the claim 22 to 29.
31., wherein,, introduce demulsifier with the ratio of 1 to 3 weight portion in 100 parts of drilling cuttings as each described method in the claim 22 to 29.
32., wherein,, sneak into demulsifier with the ratio of 1 to 1.5 weight portion in 100 parts of drilling cuttings as each described method in the claim 22 to 29.
33. as each described method among the claim 22-32, wherein, inorganic acid comprises sulfuric acid, nitric acid or phosphoric acid, perhaps their combination.
34., wherein,, introduce inorganic acid with the ratio of 1 to 20 weight portion in 100 parts of drilling cuttings as each described method among the claim 22-23.
35., wherein,, introduce inorganic acid with the ratio of 2 to 13 weight portions in 100 parts of drilling cuttings as each described method among the claim 22-23.
36. as each described method among the claim 22-35, along with any demulsifier and inorganic acid add the water of this ratio to amount in per 100 parts of drilling cuttings 0 to 40 weight portion together to first reactor.
37. as each described method among the claim 22-36, wherein, alkaline earth is a lime.
38. method as claimed in claim 37 wherein, in 100 parts of drilling cuttings, is introduced lime with the ratio of 1 to 16 weight portion.
39. method as claimed in claim 37 wherein, in 100 parts of drilling cuttings, is introduced lime with the ratio of 2 to 10 weight portions.
40. as each described method among the claim 22-39, wherein, also comprise the steam that recovery produces from first and second reactors, the steam that reclaims carried out scrubbing and the not noncondensing gas in the recovered steam is discharged to atmosphere.
41. one kind is used to handle the method that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes, this method comprises:
Drilling cuttings is incorporated into the arrival end of one first reactor continuously, and described first reactor is included at least one rotating shaft that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
At primary importance place the DBSA of per 100 parts of drilling cuttings 1 to 3 weight portions is introduced first reactor continuously near arrival end;
In the primary importance downstream sulfuric acid of per 100 parts of drilling cuttings 2 to 13 weight portions is introduced first reactor continuously;
At least one axle that rotates first reactor to be keeping the shear conditions in first reactor continuously, and discharge the intermediate product of acidifying;
The intermediate product of acidifying is introduced the arrival end of one second reactor continuously, and described second reactor is included at least one axle that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
In a position lime of per 100 parts of drilling cuttings 2 to 10 weight portions is introduced second reactor continuously near the arrival end of second reactor;
At least one axle that rotates second reactor to be keeping second shear conditions of answering in the device, and discharge product continuously from the port of export of second reactor, and wherein product contains the oil that is lower than 3000ppm;
From the first and second reactor recovered steams;
Condensed fluid from the steam that reclaims is to form the not exhaust stream of condensing vapour.
42. method as claimed in claim 41 wherein, in 100 parts of drilling cuttings, is introduced 1 to 1.5 part DBSA, 4 to 7 parts sulfuric acid and 3 to 6 parts lime.
43. method as claimed in claim 42, wherein, along with DBSA, sulfuric acid or its combine the water of introducing per 100 parts of drilling cuttings 1 to 20 weight portions.
44. one kind be used to handle comprise be subjected to the clay particle that greasy dirt dyes matrix for the equipment of disposing, this equipment comprises:
Be used under shear conditions, matrix being mixed mutually with dense inorganic acid, to obtain to have one first device of pH less than the acidifying mixture of the preheating of a water of 0;
Be used under shear conditions mixing mutually with alkaline earth from the mixture of described first device and its combined amount can produce evaporate oily with and one second the installing of the thermal discharge of product; And
Be used to retrieve from described the 3rd device, do not have oily substantially and be mainly the device of the product of solid.
45. one kind is used to handle the equipment that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes, this equipment comprises:
Be used for drilling cuttings is incorporated into continuously the device of the arrival end of one first reactor, described first reactor is included at least one rotating shaft that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
Be used for the demulsifier of water-based being introduced continuously the device of first reactor at primary importance place near arrival end;
Be used for inorganic acid being introduced continuously the device of first reactor with the isolated second place of the port of export of first reactor place;
Be used for rotating at least one axle of first reactor with shear conditions that keeps first reactor continuously and the device of discharging the intermediate product of acidifying;
Be used for the intermediate product of acidifying is introduced continuously the device of the arrival end of one second reactor, described second reactor is included at least one axle that vertically is provided with in the housing and a plurality of blades that separate along between centers;
Be used at the device of alkaline earth being introduced continuously second reactor near a position of the arrival end of second reactor;
At least one axle that is used for rotating second reactor is to keep second to answer the shear conditions of device and discharge the device of the product of not having oil substantially from the port of export of second reactor continuously.
46. one kind is used to handle the equipment that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes, this equipment comprises:
One first reactor, this first reactor be included in first end have an inlet and have a vertical housing of an outlet in the opposite end, vertically at least one rotating shaft of setting and a plurality of blades that separate along described at least one between centers in housing;
One second reactor, this second reactor be included in first end have an inlet and have a vertical housing of an outlet in the opposite end, vertically at least one rotating shaft of setting and a plurality of blades that separate along described at least one between centers in housing;
One first charging gear is used for drilling cuttings is introduced continuously the inlet of first reactor;
The storage tank of one demulsifier;
Draw, be used for to introduce continuously the pipeline of demulsifier from the demulsifier storage tank to mix with drilling cuttings;
The storage tank of one aqueous inorganic acid;
Draw, be used for inorganic acid being introduced continuously a pipeline of first reactor in the upstream of demulsifier downstream and outlet from the inorganic acid storage tank;
One skewed slot is used for continuously product being conveyed into from the outlet of first reactor inlet of second reactor;
One second charging gear is used near the arrival end place alkaline earth being introduced second reactor continuously;
One the 3rd charging gear is used for product is moved apart continuously the outlet of second reactor;
One steam collecting system is used for reclaiming gas from first and second reactors;
One condenser is used for from the condensation of gas liquid from steam collecting system, and produces not noncondensing gas stream; And
One exhaust outlet is used to discharge the gas that does not condense.
47. equipment as claimed in claim 46, wherein, first, second and third charging gear comprises the packing that is used to stop the gas from the respective reaction device to pass through.
48. as claim 46 or 47 described equipment, wherein, the demulsifier storage tank is equipped with DBSA.
49. as claim 46,47 or 48 described equipment, wherein, the inorganic acid storage tank is equipped with sulfuric acid.
50. as each described equipment among the claim 46-49, also comprise the alkaline earth feed hopper, be used for alkaline earth is supplied to second charging gear.
51. equipment as claimed in claim 50, wherein, the alkaline earth feed hopper is equipped with lime.
52. as each described equipment among the claim 46-51, also comprise a water lines, be used for along with demulsifier is introduced water together.
53. as each described equipment among the claim 46-52, also comprise a water lines, be used for along with inorganic acid is introduced water together.
54., also comprise the control device that is used to measure the proportional demulsifier speed of introducing with drilling cuttings of speed as each described equipment among the claim 46-53.
55., also comprise the control device that is used to measure the proportional inorganic acid speed of introducing with drilling cuttings of speed as each described equipment among the claim 46-54.
56., also comprise the control device that is used to measure the proportional alkaline earth speed of introducing with drilling cuttings of speed as each described equipment among the claim 46-55.
57. as each described equipment among the claim 46-56, wherein, condenser comprises the indirect heat exchanger that is used for refrigerating gas.
58. as each described equipment among the claim 46-56, wherein, condenser comprises and is used to direct heat exchanger that gas is contacted with liquid absorption medium.
59. one kind is used to utilize oil-base mud to circulate and bores pick up and goes into the well and can not discharge the system that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes, this system comprises:
One drilling machine, it has the drill string that is used for drilling well and the oil-base mud and reclaim a mud circulating system of drilling cuttings of being used to circulate;
One drilling cuttings processing unit, can work explicitly with drilling machine in this unit, and with the drilling cuttings that accept to reclaim and produce treated and drilling cuttings that oil content reduces, wherein, processing unit comprises as each described equipment among the claim 44-58.
60. one kind is used to utilize oil-base mud to circulate and bores pick up and goes into the well and can not discharge the method that is subjected to the drilling cuttings that greasy dirt dyes, this method comprises:
Operation comprises that a drilling machine of rotary drill column is to carry out drilling well;
By drill string circulation oil-base mud from well, to take out drilling cuttings;
From mud, reclaim drilling cuttings;
According to handling drilling cuttings as each described method among the claim 1-43.
CNB038094665A 2002-02-27 2003-02-26 Drill cutting treatment method and apparatus Expired - Fee Related CN100523689C (en)

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CN104551260A (en) * 2015-01-26 2015-04-29 张家港市奔球精密管制造有限公司 Pipe fitting chamfering machine convenient for scrap removal
CN106014340A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-10-12 中石化节能环保工程科技有限公司 Harmless treatment process for waste oil-base mud and oil-base drilling cuttings
CN108348815A (en) * 2015-10-26 2018-07-31 挪威技术公司 A method of by steam distillation from material thermal release nonpolar organic compound
CN109505599A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-22 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 It automates gang drill and considers system and method to be worth doing

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US7690445B2 (en) * 2003-11-07 2010-04-06 Racional Energy & Environment Co. Oil contaminated substrate treatment method and apparatus
CN100355677C (en) * 2004-07-21 2007-12-19 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Process for separating treating mud containing oil
RU2579230C1 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-04-10 Валентин Борисович Ларин Method for recultivation of drilling mud
RU2673684C2 (en) * 2017-04-06 2018-11-29 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЛУКОЙЛ-Инжиниринг" (ООО "ЛУКОЙЛ-Инжиниринг") Method of construction of offshore oil and gas well with “zero” discharge of drilling waste into the sea

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104551260A (en) * 2015-01-26 2015-04-29 张家港市奔球精密管制造有限公司 Pipe fitting chamfering machine convenient for scrap removal
CN108348815A (en) * 2015-10-26 2018-07-31 挪威技术公司 A method of by steam distillation from material thermal release nonpolar organic compound
CN106014340A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-10-12 中石化节能环保工程科技有限公司 Harmless treatment process for waste oil-base mud and oil-base drilling cuttings
CN109505599A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-03-22 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 It automates gang drill and considers system and method to be worth doing
CN109505599B (en) * 2019-01-09 2024-01-23 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 Automatic drill chip removing system and method

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NO330318B1 (en) 2011-03-28
AU2003212449A8 (en) 2003-09-09
CA2477102A1 (en) 2003-09-04
GB2402417A (en) 2004-12-08
WO2003072903A3 (en) 2004-07-01
GB2402417B (en) 2005-10-05
WO2003072903A2 (en) 2003-09-04
CA2477102C (en) 2010-07-20
NO20043708L (en) 2004-09-03
GB2402417A8 (en) 2005-12-14
CO5611223A2 (en) 2006-02-28
EA200401116A1 (en) 2005-06-30
EA006694B1 (en) 2006-02-24
AU2003212449A1 (en) 2003-09-09
MXPA04008316A (en) 2004-11-26
CN100523689C (en) 2009-08-05
GB0418714D0 (en) 2004-09-22

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