CN1638478A - Channel coding method for digital TV ground broadcasting mixing transmission system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention discloses one kind of channel coding method for digital TV ground broadcasting mixing transmission system. The digital TV ground broadcasting mixing transmission system transmits different services in different code rate transmission modes, and the channel coding is based on scrumbling, 2D TPC coding, bit interleaving and symbol mapping and is regulated properly in the practical requirement of different code rate transmission mode. The present invention combines traditional coding and excellent TPC coding technology to make the system possess powerful debugging ability and high coding efficiency and be favorable to raising spectral utilization. The present invention can provide high antifading performance and improved error code flat layer effect of BER-SNR performance curve. Different coding combinations are performed based on different transmission mode for well matching and powerful debugging capacity.
Description
Technical field the invention belongs to the digital information transmission field, relates to channel coding method, is specifically related to the channel coding method in the Digital Television Terrestrial Broadcasting hybrid transmission system.
The television broadcasting of background technology modern digital has multiple transmission means, and according to the difference of transmission medium, main three kinds is terrestrial wireless broadcast, wire cable broadcasting and satellite broadcasting.According to definition demand difference, Digital Television can be divided into high definition TV and standard definition television.According to the application scenario difference, can be divided into fixedly receiving video service, move and portablely accept video traffic and high-speed mobile is accepted video and data service etc.Up to the present, the digital tv encoder standard that is treated to the basis with the digital image compression is mature on the whole, but to encode and to be modulated to basic digital television transfer standard still among constantly improving.
The terrestrial wireless transmission channel is a very complicated transmission channel, and no matter fixing reception is still moved receives, and all faces serious multipath and disturbs and other decline factor affecting.So signal the error code phenomenon will occur inevitably through after the Channel Transmission.Before recovering image, these error codes that may occur must be corrected and come, the channel Error-correcting Encoding and Decoding is exactly one of very effective means.Chnnel coding is actually by adding the supplementary of certain redundant information as transmission, and antagonism channel fading and other disturb, and guarantee the reliable transmission of data.Chnnel coding is a technological core of reflection system error correcting capability, and code efficiency and error correcting capability are the unified contradictions of a pair of needs.According to the needs of different operation business, select corresponding data bit rate, and provide corresponding chnnel coding protection this Business Stream.Because operation is professional different, corresponding transmission code rate difference, corresponding channel fading situation also has nothing in common with each other: require high such as the fixing transmission code rate that receives business of HD video, but the fixing channel fading that receives does not change in time, therefore can select the code efficiency height, error-correcting performance requires few channel coding method relatively; And the transmission code rate of the mobile reception business of corresponding SD video or data is not high, but the channel very severe under the mobile reception condition, and change rapidly with the place in time, therefore can select code efficiency lower, the channel coding method that error correcting capability is strong.
The Digital Television Terrestrial Broadcasting transmission has formed at present and approved standard has 3, is divided into two big classes: the ATSC8VSB that adopts the U.S. of single-carrier modulated technology; Adopt the DVB-TCOFDM and the Japanese ISDB-T in the Europe of multi-carrier modulation technology.The condition difference of considering when each standard designed originally, so the coding structure that system adopts also has nothing in common with each other.
The ATSC8VSB system of the U.S. is the single transport pattern that receives design at fixing.Referring to Fig. 1, channel coded system is scrambler, Reed-Solomon (207,187) coding, convolution byte-interleaved, trellis coding, sign map after the insertion supplementary.
The DVB-T COFDM in Europe has multiple transmission mode.Referring to Fig. 2, channel coded system is interweave in scrambler, outer sign indicating number (RS (208,188)), interweave outward (convolution byte-interleaved), ISN (blocking convolutional encoding), the multiplexing back (Bit Interleave+symbol interleaving), sign map.The data of two kinds of transmission priorities (can correspond to two kinds of definition business of identical content) through outer sign indicating number separately encode, interweave outward, the ISN coding, carry out data flow multiplexing then, interweave and sign map in passing through together again.DVB-T is the multi-carrier transmission system.Because the transmission of multicarrier piece, DVB-T corresponds to the data of two kinds of business on the different constellation point of planisphere: high priority respective channels code correction ability is strong; A little less than the low priority respective channels code correction ability.
Referring to Fig. 3, the channel coded system of the ISDB-T of Japan is scrambler, interweave outward (convolution byte-interleaved), ISN (blocking convolutional encoding), the sign map that outer sign indicating number RS (204,188), TS flow point connect back every layer (transmission mode).Through identical outer sign indicating number coding, be divided into corresponding each professional substream of data then after the data flow multiple connection of different business.Each substream of data respectively through separately scrambler, interweave outward, ISN and sign map, correspond to again on the corresponding sub-carrier positions.
The advanced digital television terrestrial broadcasting system (ADTB-T) of the applicant's design, also adopt the single carrier system, transmit three kinds of different business: TV signal is fixed and is received (abbreviation fixed service), TV signal moves reception (abbreviation mobile service) and data-signal moves reception (abbreviation data service).Different with the ATSC system of single transmission mode, owing to will consider the professional mixed transport demand of different operations, the employing multi-mode transmission of ADTB-T system: the fixing high code check transmission mode of professional employing that receives; Move and receive code check or low code check transmission mode in professional the employing; Low code check transmission mode is adopted in data service.Therefore, need design corresponding channel coding method at the transmission mode of different code checks, to improve the performance of hybrid transmission system as far as possible.
Summary of the invention the objective of the invention is to, at the transmission mode of different code checks, for the Digital Television Terrestrial Broadcasting hybrid transmission system provides the chnnel coding assembled scheme, to improve the performance of Digital Television hybrid transmission system.
The present invention is directed to the ADTB-T system of three kinds of business of transmission.The transmission code rate of fixed service requires high, but therefore the variation in time of the fixing channel fading that receives can select the code efficiency height, and error-correcting performance requires few channel coding method relatively; The transmission code rate of mobile service is not high, but the channel very severe under the mobile reception condition, and change rapidly with the place in time, therefore need to select code efficiency lower, the channel coding method that error correcting capability is strong; Data service requires very high transmission accuracy, even if sacrifice code efficiency, also will select the strong channel coding method of error correcting capability.
Turbo product code (being TPC) is the product code that adopts soft inputting and soft output (SISO) iterative decoding, is a kind of extension of traditional Turbo code technology (PCCC).Compare with traditional Turbo code technology, the TPC sign indicating number can be under higher code efficiency (such as R＞2/3) situation, still keep great error correcting capability, help improving the availability of frequency spectrum, better anti fading performance can be provided, and the error code flat bed effect of improving the BER-SNR performance curve that can be bigger.These performances all are better than traditional Turbo code, and traditional convolutional encoding (comprising TCM).Therefore, although the existing U.S., Japan and European digital TV ground transmission standard all adopt the convolution code of different code checks to carry out the ISN coding, ISN coding of the present invention adopts the TPC coding.
Two dimension TPC (M
2, M
1N
2, N
1) coding be such: the serial data message bit stream of input is a unit by bit, enters the TPC encoder matrix line by line, every capable M
1Bit, N altogether
1OK, form a N
1Row M
1Input data information bit matrix (the M of row
1* N
1); Form N through row, column expansion hamming code then
2Row M
2Two-dimentional TPC (the M of row
2* N
2) coding output matrix piece.
Channel coding method of the present invention is based on scrambler, two-dimentional TPC coding, Bit Interleave and sign map, and suitably adjusts according to the actual needs of different code check transmission modes:
Under high code check transmission mode, input buffering, scrambler, two-dimentional TPC coding, Bit Interleave are adopted in processing to the TS data message stream of input MPEG II successively, carry out 16-OQAM or 32-OQAM sign map then and insert preset information and system information, carry out pilot tone at last and insert and modulate;
Under middle code check transmission mode, the processing of the TS data message stream of input MPEG II adopted successively input buffering, scrambler, RS coding, byte convolutional interleave, two-dimentional TPC encode, Bit Interleave, carry out the 4-OQAM sign map then and insert preset information and system information, carry out pilot tone at last and insert and modulate;
Under low code check transmission mode, input buffering, scrambler, RS coding, byte convolutional interleave, two-dimentional TPC coding, Bit Interleave, NR (16 are adopted in processing to the TS data message stream of input MPEG II successively, 8) coding, carry out the 4-OQAM sign map then and insert predetermined sequence and system information, carry out pilot tone at last and insert and modulate.
Nordstrom-Robinson sign indicating number (being called for short the NR sign indicating number) is a kind of nonlinear code of highly effective.Such as, the code check of NR (16,8,6) code word is 1/2, smallest hamming distance is 6, can correct 2 mistakes.It constitute multiple mode, what the present invention used is its a kind of system form.NR (16,8) sign indicating number has correlation properties preferably, and each code word in the code word set and 256 code words carry out having in 256 relevant outputs that sync correlation produces 1 maximal correlation to export 16,1 minimums being correlated with and exporting-16, have 30 relevant to be output as 0, other correlations are+4 or-4.Two dimension TPC coding can adopt the serially concatenated mode with combining of NR sign indicating number, also can adopt three-dimensional cascade system, sees the patent 200410006170.7 and 200410006173.0 that the applicant has filed an application respectively.
Each transmission mode can be that minimum mixed cell carries out mixed transport with Frame.
Under high code check transmission mode,, can before the TPC coding, add cyclic redundancy check (CRC) (Cyclic Redundancy Check) in order further to improve the reliability of system transmissions.CRC check is that it is mainly used is the binary code character by the branch of grouping linear code.Coding is simple and probability of miscarriage of justice is very low, has obtained using widely in communication system.CRC check can 100% ground detects all odd number random errors and the length burst error smaller or equal to J (J is the exponent number of g (x)).The exponent number of the generator polynomial of CRC is high more, and Wu Pan probability is just more little so.CRC also plays an important role to the source coding process, and whether source coding can make mistakes to determine whether this bag will be abandoned according to the CRC check position of TS bag.
Under low code check transmission mode,, between NR coding and 4-OQAM sign map, can increase the one-level symbol interleaving and handle for improving the anti-wrong ability of NR sign indicating number.Symbol interleaving after the NR sign indicating number adopts the mode of block interleaving, and interleave depth is a M NR code word.Each NR code word has 16 bits, and M NR code word writes RAM according to the order of row, and then according to row call over each bit (1 symbol of 1 bit mapping), promptly realized interweaving.In practice, M can be 0,2,4,6 or 8.
The present invention is directed to the defective that traditional convolution code correction is limited in one's ability, code efficiency is low, in conjunction with outstanding Turbo product code technology, the system that makes can still keep great error correcting capability under higher code efficiency (such as R＞2/3) situation, help improving the availability of frequency spectrum; Better anti fading performance can be provided, and the error code flat bed effect of improving bit error rate-signal to noise ratio (BER-SNR) performance curve that can be bigger.Simultaneously, carry out different coded combinations, fully excavate coupling between the coding, obtain stronger error correcting capability at different transmission modes.
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the chnnel coding structure of U.S. ATSC8VSB.
Fig. 2 is the chnnel coding structure of European DVB-T COFDM.
Fig. 3 is the chnnel coding structure of Japanese ISDB-T.
Fig. 4 is the chnnel coding structure of the ADTB-T system of correspondence of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is two-dimentional TPC (M
2, M
1N
2, N
1) encoder matrix.
Fig. 6 interweaves for K=128 TPC piece bit block.
Fig. 7 is the symbol interleaving behind the NR coding.
Fig. 8 is the scrambler producing method.
Embodiment Fig. 4 is the chnnel coding structure of the ADTB-T system of correspondence of the present invention.Under high code check transmission mode, processing to the TS data message stream of input MPEG II is adopted input buffering, scrambler successively, the MPEGII bag in the TS stream is carried out the CRC cyclic check, after converting bit stream to, data byte behind the adding CRC check position enters the ISN encoder, carry out the interblock Bit Interleave of two-dimentional TPC coding and K TPC piece, K is taken as 32,64,128 or 256; Carry out 16-OQAM or 32-OQAM sign map then to corresponding signal level, insert preset information and system information, carry out pilot tone at last and insert and modulate.
Under middle code check transmission mode, the processing of the TS data message stream of input MPEG II is adopted input buffering, scrambler successively, is that unit carries out RS coding and byte convolutional interleave with the MPEG II bag in the TS stream; Code coder carried out the interblock Bit Interleave of two-dimentional TPC coding and K TPC piece in the output that interweaves entered, and K is taken as 32,64,128 or 256; Carry out the 4-OQAM sign map then to corresponding signal level, insert preset information and system information, carry out pilot tone at last and insert and modulate.
Under low code check transmission mode, the processing of the TS data message stream of input MPEG II is adopted input buffering, scrambler successively, is that unit carries out RS coding and byte convolutional interleave with the MPEG II bag in the TS stream; Code coder carried out the interblock Bit Interleave of two-dimentional TPC coding and K TPC piece in the output that interweaves entered, and K is taken as 1,4,8,16,32 or 64; Through NR (16,8) after the coding, enter symbol interleaver (optional) again, interleave depth is 0,1,2,4,8,16,32,64 or 128 NR piece, i.e. 0,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024 or 2048 symbol, symbol interleaving output is carried out the 4-OQAM sign map to corresponding signal level, inserts preset information and system information, carries out pilot tone insertion and modulation at last.
Wherein, scrambler uses the shift register of 15 bits to produce, and its producing method is seen Fig. 8.It produces formula is X
15+ X
14+ X
13+ X
12+ X
10+ X
9+ X
8+ X
7+ X
6+ X
5+ X
4+ X
3+ X
2+ X+1, preset value are 000 000 000 000001.Scrambler does not process the synchronous head 47H of the MPEG bag in the TS stream.Scrambler is driven by the data clock of input, the output that each input data clock of scrambler produces 8 bits, and 8 Bit datas of this 8 bit output and input carry out forming behind the xor operation 8 bit signals and the line output after the randomization;
In, under the low code check transmission mode, the RS sign indicating number is got its shortened code according to the transmission data structure of TS code stream, present embodiment is taken as RS, and (200,188, T=6), the RS code efficiency is 0.94; The capable M of B rank byte convolutional deinterleaver and the cascade of RS sign indicating number are used for resisting the burst error of transmission course, and present embodiment is taken as B=200, M=4;
Under the high code check transmission mode, CRC check can be added check digit by the following method: with the TPC data block before per 2 TPC coding is that 1 unit carries out CRC check, and each unit comprises 19 MPEG-II bags in the MPEG-II TS stream; At first, MPEG-II bag to preceding 9 inputs of the 1st TPC piece carries out CRC check, each bag adds 8 bit check bits, then preceding 94 bytes of the 10th MPEG-II bag are carried out CRC check, also add 8 bit check bits, at last the 1st TPC piece after the interpolation check digit carried out CRC check, add 32 bit check bits; Next, preceding half MPEG-II bag to the 2nd TPC piece carries out CRC check earlier, add 8 bit check bits, then 9 follow-up MPEG-II bags are carried out CRC check, each bag also adds 8 bit check bits, at last the 2nd TPC piece after the interpolation check digit carried out CRC check, add 32 bit check bits.The generator polynomial of 8 bit check bits is: G (x)=x
8+ x
5+ x
4The generator polynomial of+1,32 bit check bits is: G (x)=x
32+ x
26+ x
23+ x
22+ x
16+ x
12+ x
11+ x
10+ x
8+ x
7+ x
5+ x
4+ x
2+ x+1;
Fig. 5 is two-dimentional TPC (M
2, M
1N
2, N
1) encoder matrix, encoder is to the M of input
1* N
1The position information bit according to the structure among the figure respectively at the horizontal and vertical hamming code of expanding.In the present embodiment, M
2=N
2=128, M
1=N
1=120, the code efficiency of TPC is 0.879;
Interblock Bit Interleave behind the two dimension TPC coding has K the data block TPC (M behind the TPC coding at every turn
2* N
2) the participation Bit Interleave.Interweave when output, (1～K) exports 1 Bit data on the same position of each TPC piece successively, and the data in each TPC piece press the diagonal order and exported according to the order of TPC piece; In the present embodiment, under high, the middle code check transmission mode, K is taken as 128, and under the low code check transmission mode, K is taken as 8;
In the present embodiment, under the low code check transmission mode, two-dimentional TPC coding adopts the serially concatenated mode with combining of NR sign indicating number, and the serial bit stream of exporting from the TPC encoder carries out NR (16,8,6) coding again, and the NR code efficiency is 0.5; Symbol interleaving after the NR sign indicating number adopts the mode of block interleaving, and interleave depth is 4 NR code words.Each NR code word has 16 bits, and 4 NR code words write RAM according to the order of going, and then according to each bit that calls over that is listed as, has promptly realized interweaving.Fig. 7 carries out the reading and writing schematic diagram of symbol interleaving for k NR code word;
The OQAM sign map adopts gray mappings to corresponding signal level.
More than by drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail, but should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.Obviously,, can change some parameter, thereby form other chnnel coding combination, but all belong to protection range of the present invention based on thinking of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the channel coding method of Digital Television Terrestrial Broadcasting hybrid transmission system, it is characterized in that: described hybrid transmission system comprises high, medium and low three kinds of code check transmission modes;
Under high code check transmission mode, input buffering, scrambler, two-dimentional TPC coding, Bit Interleave are adopted in the processing of TS data message stream of input MPEGII successively, carry out 16-OQAM or 32-OQAM sign map then and insert preset information and system information, carry out pilot tone at last and insert and modulate;
Under middle code check transmission mode, the processing of TS data message stream of input MPEGII adopted successively input buffering, scrambler, RS coding, byte convolutional interleave, two-dimentional TPC encode, Bit Interleave, carry out the 4-OQAM sign map then and insert preset information and system information, carry out pilot tone at last and insert and modulate;
Under low code check transmission mode, input buffering, scrambler, RS coding, byte convolutional interleave, two-dimentional TPC coding, Bit Interleave, NR (16 are adopted in the processing of TS data message stream to input MPEGII successively, 8) coding, carry out the 4-OQAM sign map then and insert predetermined sequence and system information, carry out pilot tone at last and insert and modulate.
2. channel coding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: under high code check transmission mode, after scrambler, before the two-dimentional TPC coding, the MPEGII bag in the TS stream is carried out the CRC cyclic check.
3. channel coding method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: under low code check transmission mode, through NR (16,8) after the coding, carry out symbol interleaving again and handle, M NR code word writes RAM according to the order of going, and then according to each bit that calls over that is listed as, interleave depth M is taken as 1,2,4,8,16,32,64 or 128, i.e. 16,32,64,128,256,512,1024 or 2048 symbols.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described channel coding methods, it is characterized in that: described scrambler uses the shift register of 15 bits to produce, and it produces formula is X
15+ X
14+ X
13+ X
12+ X
10+ X
9+ X
8+ X
7+ X
6+ X
5+ X
4+ X
3+ X
2+ X+1, preset value are 000 000 000 000 001; Scrambler does not process the synchronous head 47H of the MPEG bag in the TS stream, scrambler is driven by the data clock of input, the output that each input data clock of scrambler produces 8 bits, 8 Bit datas of the output of this 8 bit and input carry out forming behind the xor operation 8 bit signals and the line output after the randomization;
Described two-dimentional TPC coding adopts TPC (128,120; 128,120), 120 * 120 information bit of input forms 128 * 128 coding output matrix through horizontal and vertical expansion hamming code;
Described Bit Interleave carries out between K behind the coding TPC piece, and in when output of interweaving, (1～K) exports 1 Bit data on the same position of each TPC piece successively, and the data in each TPC piece press the diagonal order and exported according to the order of TPC piece;
Described OQAM sign map adopts gray mappings to corresponding signal level.
5. channel coding method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: under high code check transmission mode, the adding method of CRC cyclic check position is: with the TPC data block before per 2 TPC coding is that 1 unit carries out CRC check, and each unit comprises 19 MPEG-II bags in the MPEG-IITS stream; At first, MPEG-II bag to preceding 9 inputs of the 1st TPC piece carries out CRC check, each bag adds 8 bit check bits, then preceding 94 bytes of the 10th MPEG-II bag are carried out CRC check, also add 8 bit check bits, at last the 1st TPC piece after the interpolation check digit carried out CRC check, add 32 bit check bits; Next, preceding half MPEG-II bag to the 2nd TPC piece carries out CRC check earlier, add 8 bit check bits, then 9 follow-up MPEG-II bags are carried out CRC check, each bag also adds 8 bit check bits, at last the 2nd TPC piece after the interpolation check digit carried out CRC check, add 32 bit check bits; The generator polynomial of 8 bit check bits is: G (x)=x
8+ x
5+ x
4The generator polynomial of+1,32 bit check bits is: G (x)=x
32+ x
26+ x
23+ x
22+ x
16+ x
12+ x
11+ x
10+ x
8+ x
7+ x
5+ x
4+ x
2+ x+1.
6. channel coding method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: under the high code check transmission mode, described K value is taken as 32,64,128 or 256; Under the middle code check transmission mode, described K value is taken as 32,64,128 or 256; Under the low code check transmission mode, described K value is taken as 1,4,8,16,32 or 64.
7. channel coding method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: in, under the low code check transmission mode, described RS coding adopts the RS (200,188) of brachymemma, T=6, the RS code efficiency is 0.94; Described byte convolutional interleave adopts 200 row, 4 rank convolutional deinterleaver.
8. channel coding method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: under high, the middle code check transmission mode, described K value is taken as 128; Under the low code check transmission mode, described K value is taken as 8.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101257362B (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2011-01-19 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Broadcast service external forward error correction encoding apparatus and method based on TD-SCDMA network |
| CN103795425A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Code rate compatible RS code decoder |
| CN113300718A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-24 | 南京大学 | Encoding method, decoding method, encoding device and decoding device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5440347A (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 1995-08-08 | Philips Electronics North America Corporation | Method and apparatus for randomizing training sequences to minimize interference in digital transmissions |
| AU2692300A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-14 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai | Digital broadcasting apparatus |
| CN1152511C (en) * | 2001-05-10 | 2004-06-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for retransmitting information by changing intersection length through merging data package |
| CN1200564C (en) * | 2001-08-27 | 2005-05-04 | 浙江大学 | Data interweaving method in digital TV and broadcasting transmission |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101257362B (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2011-01-19 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Broadcast service external forward error correction encoding apparatus and method based on TD-SCDMA network |
| CN103795425A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-14 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Code rate compatible RS code decoder |
| CN113300718A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-24 | 南京大学 | Encoding method, decoding method, encoding device and decoding device |
| CN113300718B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2024-04-09 | 南京大学 | Encoding method, decoding method, encoding device, and decoding device |
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