A kind of pressurized gasifying process of polynary slurry
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of synthetic gas, reducing gas or fuel gas in derived energy chemical and the resource clean utilization field, particularly relate to a kind of pressurized gasifying process of polynary slurry.
Background technology
As everyone knows; since the first oil crisis outburst seventies in last century; the partial oxidation process production synthetic gas or the fuel gas technology that contain hydrocarbon material progressively cause people's great attention; ever since; unremitting effort through several generations' decades; the pressurized gasification technology constantly develops and is gradually improved, and has obtained at present using widely.The widespread use at home of fixed bed, fluidized-bed, entrained flow bed gasification technology provides competent engineering experience for the progress of gasification technology.Entrained flow bed gasification technology enjoys the favor of numerous manufacturers especially because of its gasification index is good, efficient energy-saving, environmental benefit outstanding.
Entrained flow bed gasification technology has dry method pressurized gasification, wet method slip pressurized gasification technology.Dry method entrained flow gasification such as Shell technical indicator are good, receive much concern, but plant investment are big, temporarily are not used for the precedent of compound probability on a large scale; Wet method slip pressurized gasification technology, because of the preparation of its slip, carry, metering, control be convenient, can be easy to realize high-pressure gasified, equipment domesticizes substantially, the production equipment less investment is able to promotion and application on the man production equipment of domestic number.The present invention is directed to domestic Energy resources present situation, for the resource allocation that makes full use of, contain hydrocarbon thing (wherein at least a contain hydrocarbon solid) as various in reasonable conversion refining of petroleum and other production process, propose to adopt to grind the slip that gasifies fully altogether, through the air flow bed pressurized gasification, produce with CO, H
2, CO
2, CH
4Deng the synthetic gas, reducing gas or the fuel gas that are main composition.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of polynary slurry gasifying process.This technology has that adaptability to raw material is extensive, gasification index is good, process unit equipment is few, plant investment is few, the advantage of easy and simple to handle and environmental protection.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: this technology comprises polynary slurry preparation, pressurized gasification, raw gas purifying, lime-ash discharging and grey water handing five parts, promptly utilize a kind of or several contain hydrocarbon material, be equipped with slip through once grinding altogether, violent partial oxidation reaction takes place in slip and vaporized chemical in half water wall vapourizing furnace 5, generates with CO and H
2Be main raw gas, raw gas is behind three washing, purifyings, and the unstripped gas of production satisfies service requirements, after the lime-ash Quench that material gasification produces, is directly discharged by furnace bottom ash discharge slag system; The buck that washing produces is earlier after put forward dense, precipitation and filtering mode is removed the ash that it carries, the heat energy of the steam recover gray water of by-product, and treated buck can return gasification system and recycle.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, gasified raw material wide material sources: under the effect of slip additive, by once grinding wet method slurrying altogether, a kind of polynary slurry pressurized gasification method can be transformed into the material that comprises all carbon containing protiums such as coal, refinery coke, pitch, Residual oil and contains CO, H
2, CO
2, CH
4Deng the unstripped gas that is main composition;
2, the vaporized chemical choice is bigger: according to the different requirements of follow-up system to material synthesis gas, gasification process of the present invention can select oxygen, oxygen-rich air, air etc. as vaporized chemical respectively;
3, multistage washing, synthetic gas be " totally " relatively: polynary slurry can satisfy the requirement of follow-up system to synthetic gas fully after the crude synthesis gas that the vapourizing furnace internal reaction generates washs through chiller washing, tubular type washer humidification and washing, washing tower successively;
4, process energy consumption is relatively low, the water of total system has obtained sufficient recycle: the waste water that gasification produces is sent into vapour liquid separator, mode with byproduct steam reclaims heat energy, be used to heat the buck of retrieval system, handle spissated buck through vapour liquid separator and enter settling tank, clean lime set is sent degasifier, and after precipitation and degasification, this two portions water retrieval system again continues to use;
5, owing to taked efficiently that grey water handing, lime-ash are handled, exhaust gas processing device, thereby make whole technology three wastes discharge amount drop to alap level, alleviated the pollution to environment greatly, waste water, waste residue, discharge amount of exhaust gas are little, and is good to environment.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes polynary slurry preparation, pressurized gasification, raw gas purifying, lime-ash discharging and grey water handing five parts, promptly utilize a kind of or several contain hydrocarbon material, be equipped with slip through once grinding altogether, violent partial oxidation reaction takes place in slip and vaporized chemical in half water wall vapourizing furnace 5, generates with CO and H
2Be main raw gas, raw gas is behind three washing, purifyings, and the unstripped gas of production satisfies service requirements, after the lime-ash Quench that material gasification produces, is directly discharged by furnace bottom ash discharge slag system; The buck that washing produces is earlier after put forward dense, precipitation and filtering mode is removed the ash that it carries, the heat energy of the steam recover gray water of by-product, and treated buck can return gasification system and recycle.
Described polynary slurry is prepared as one or more raw materials (A or B) from material storage yard, through fragmentation, granularity is controlled at less than 10mm, and broken back is together sent into ball mill 1 with quantitative water, additive after metering less than the raw material of 10mm and once ground slurry altogether.
Described pressurized gasification is that the slip of grinding machine 1 preparation enters slip storage tank 2 along pipeline 21, and boost through high pressure shurry pump 3, along pipeline 22 slip of constant pressure is sent into vapourizing furnace 5 top jet nozzles 4, in nozzle 4 ends, slip together sprays into vapourizing furnace 5 combustion chambers with the vaporized chemical of being sent here by pipeline 23, issue the first portion oxidizing reaction at 1250~1500 ℃ of high temperature, high pressure 0.1~8.0Mpa, generate with CO and H
2Raw gas for main component.Described vaporized chemical can be selected air, oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen for use.
Described raw gas purifying be vapourizing furnace 5 raw gas in stove after the chilled water washing, enter gas, the liquid tube mixer 10 of gasification washing system by pipeline 24, the effect of gas, liquid tube mixer 10 is for the entrained moistening cohesion of solid impurity particle of gas, being convenient to washing separates, water is supplied with by pipeline 38, raw gas is thorough mixing and moistening in gas, liquid tube mixer 10, and gas, liquid and the mixture that is mingled with thin ash are handled along the pipeline 25 body washer 11 of supplying gas then; After multistage eddy flow, baffling, washing, removing the liquid foam removal, the clean gas that does not contain the liquid foam leaves gas scrubber 11 by the outlet at its top to gas in gas scrubber 11, and qualified unstripped gas is sent to application procedures by pipeline 26; Liquid wherein and thin grey particle come together in the lower liquid storage tank of this equipment, leave gas scrubber 11 through lower openings; The washing water that gas scrubber produces enter pump 12 by pipeline 27, squeeze into vapourizing furnace 5 overflow type chillers by pump 12 along pipeline 28 and do chilled water usefulness; The gasification bath water is from the pipeline 36 of gas-liquid separator 13, and pipeline 37 gives gas scrubber 11 for bath water, and pipeline 38 supplies water for gas, liquid tube mixer 10.
The chilled water cooling washing that the discharging of described lime-ash is sent here by pipeline 28 for the ash content in the gasified raw material and unreacted carbon residue enters the lime-ash blowdown system; The lime-ash blowdown system is discharged collection slag ladle 7 through after collecting slag, two processes of deslagging with the cinder slag that gasification produces; Valve 6 is a residual cake valve for collection slag valve, valve 9.
Described grey water handing is that the buck of vapourizing furnace 5 bottoms enters gas-liquid separator 13 through pipeline 29, buck amount of solid about 0.05%~8.00%, 150~280 ℃ of temperature, can be according to the height of vapor pressure, grey water handing can be provided with one or more gas-liquid separators 13, and sour gas is sent to recovery process from gas-liquid separator 13 tops by pipeline 40 discharges; Gas-liquid separator 13 tops are to the rapid condensation of steam of the grey water generates that enters gas-liquid separator 13, and phlegma is sent to degasifier 16 along pipeline 39, and refrigerant is for being sent here the bath water of retrieval system by pipeline 41; The clean buck that 16 pairs of lime sets that enter of degasifier, pipeline 35 are sent here and through the further degasification of the make up water of pipeline 8 makes trace gas component content (O in the bath water of the system of entering
2, CO
2, H
2S etc.) but in the tolerance range of system and device material, a small amount of gas that parses is discharged along pipeline 42 by degasifier 16 tops and is sent to treatment process or can directly discharges; Water in the degasifier 16 is sent into gas-liquid separator 13 and is done refrigerant usefulness after pump 17 pressurizations, reclaimed heat simultaneously; Gas-liquid separator 13 bottom bucks enter subsider 14 along pipeline 30 after further cooling off; The buck that enters subsider 14 is after settlement separate, the settled dope in subsider 14 bottoms enters liquid-solid separator 15 along pipeline 31, after 15 pairs of dense bucks of liquid-solid separator were further handled, isolated ash left system, and filtrate is sent subsider 14 by pipeline 32 usefulness pumps 18 back to along pipeline 33; The overflowing liquid that subsider 14 is comparatively clean enters storage tank 19 by pipeline 34, and the solution of storage tank 19 is sent to degasifier 16 with pump 20 along pipeline 35.
With the Shaanxi shenfu coal is the polynary slurry gasification installation operation result of main raw material.
Raw material ultimate analysis (quality) is as follows:
C 70.80
H 4.85
N 0.90
S 0.40
O 12.09
Ash 5.36
Mad 5.60。
Thermal value: 29000j/g.
The operational condition that adopts is as follows: polynary slurry concentration 61%, flow 6t/h; Oxygen purity 98%, oxygen flow 2380Nm
3, vapourizing furnace working pressure 2.5MPa, 1350 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of temperature; Dry gas flow 7600Nm
3/ h, going out the gasifier gas temperature is 210 ℃ ± 10 ℃, CO+H
2Content 81.50mol%, quantity of slag 300kg/h (butt), ash amount 80kg/h (butt).