CN114229879A

CN114229879A - Industrialized negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technology BECCU method

Info

Publication number: CN114229879A
Application number: CN202210102926.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张文斌
Original assignee: Shenzhen Carbonneutral Bio Gas Co ltd; Shenzhen Qianhai Carbon Neutralization Lithium Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Carbonneutral Bio Gas Co ltd; Shenzhen Qianhai Carbon Neutralization Lithium Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-27
Filing date: 2022-01-27
Publication date: 2022-03-25

Abstract

Utilize biomass energy to replace fossil energy and light calcium carbonate CO₂The collection and utilization process creates a biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission technology BECCU, and is more economical, practical and effective than the carbon capture and sequestration BECCS of a power plant. In the production of light calcium carbonate, energy is consumed for lime calcination and calcium carbonate drying, and CO is consumed for carbonation process₂Raw materials. CO recovery from fossil energy as fuel in calcium carbonate production in prior art₂As a carbonation raw material. The world-recognized zero-carbon-emission biomass energy is utilized to replace fossil energy, and CO produced by the biomass energy is used₂Converted into light calcium carbonate industrial raw material, and CO is recycled₂From the absorption of CO from the atmosphere and soil by plant photosynthesis₂Not from fossil energy sources, the CO fraction₂In the carbonation process and in situThe product is combined into calcium carbonate final product and its byproduct, and removed from atmosphere to achieve negative emission, and its negative carbon emission estimation model BECCU CO₂Discharging_SourceProduction of_Source-capturing_Source。

Description

Industrialized negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technology BECCU method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy source replacement of fossil energy and carbon dioxide capture and utilization of negative carbon emission.

Background

Artificially created atmospheric CO₂The concentration is increased, and the greenhouse effect threatens the survival and development of human beings. Reduction of anthropogenic CO₂The technical route of (1) has two routes: the first is to develop renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and biomass energy to replace fossil energy sources vigorously or reduce CO from the source by improving the utilization efficiency of the fossil energy sources₂Discharging; second, to the CO produced₂Atmospheric CO increased by human activity is removed by artificially increasing carbon sequestration and carbon Capture using sequestration techniques CCUS (carbon Capture Utilization and storage)₂。

United nations inter-government climate Change organization (IPCC) on CO in 2005₂Special reports on capture and storage and 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (the 2006 IPCC guide) indicate that fossil fuels are kept in use throughout the 21 st century, avoiding large amounts of CO, according to the third assessment report on IPCC₂Discharge, realize the concentration stability of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere and CO₂Capture and Storage (CCS) should be one of the combination options for greenhouse gas concentration stabilization, in particular CO captured from biofuel combustion, injected underground and stored₂The amounts are included as negative emissions in the list of greenhouse gases, chapter 5, the CCS System and CO, Chapter 5, volume II (energy source)₂Capture, transport, inject into the underground storage and discharge and clear up the estimation method; united nations climate change congress, published 2050 via the coordinated Organisation (OCED) environmental agency in 2011, with the expectation of achieving lower concentration targets (450ppm), largely dependent on carbon capture and sequestration using biomass energy (BECCS or BioCCS); in 2015, climate change of Paris United nations will set a positive target, and the global temperature rise is limited to be below 1.5 ℃ to be restored to the level before industrialization. However, positive carbon rejection (positive carbon emissions) of clean power generation technologies and energy conservation measures are not sufficient to solve the problem by themselves, even if CO₂The amount is reduced and discharged at a slower rate,CO₂the net concentration is still rising; the 20 th group of countries (G20) in 2019, the Ministry of energy and environment, incorporated the CCUS technology for carbon capture, utilization and sequestration. IPCC reports suggest that the CCUS technology is significant for realizing zero carbon emission in 2050 years, and large-scale negative carbon emission application technologies need to be deployed in 2040 years.

CCUS is essentially an artificial, industrial carbon sequestration approach. Wherein, CO₂The trapping method comprises 3 trapping methods including pre-combustion trapping, oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen combustion and post-combustion trapping. Pre-combustion capture is the gasification of fossil fuels to synthesis gas (with H as the major component)₂And CO) and then converting the CO to CO by a shift reaction₂And then H is absorbed by a solvent or the like₂And CO₂Separation and collection of CO₂The technology is limited to a coal gasification combined power generation device for capturing CO before combustion₂The cost is about $ 20/t CO₂(ii) a The oxygen-enriched combustion technology adopts pure oxygen or oxygen enrichment to combust fossil fuel, and the main product after combustion is CO₂Water and some inert components, because pure oxygen is obtained by air low-temperature separation or membrane separation, the energy consumption is large, and the cost of oxygen-enriched combustion is high; common methods for post-combustion capture technology such as chemical absorption, membrane separation, physical adsorption, etc., and post-combustion capture of CO₂The cost of (A) is about $ 40/t CO₂。

The CCUS technical test is carried out firstly, the petrochemical industry enhanced oil recovery is carried out, and CO is passed₂Connecting carbon source produced by coal chemical industry or natural gas chemical industry with oil field to obtain CCUS-EOR (enhanced oil recovery), and collecting CO₂Injecting into oil field to recover oil from exhausted oil field and CO₂Permanently stored underground; thereafter, attempts were made to use CO₂Fertilizer and food grade CO₂Utilization, etc., and also industrially produced CO₂Inputting the green as greenhouse gas to strengthen plant growth, etc.

The earliest large CCUS project in humans was the Terrell project, CO, built in the United states in 1972₂The trapping capacity reaches 40 ten thousand t/a; enid project, Okla, USA, was built in 1982 by CO produced by chemical fertilizer plant₂Performing oil fieldOil displacement, CO₂The trapping capacity reaches 70 ten thousand t/a; the Norwegian Sleipner project in 1996 was the first CO to be established in the world₂Injection into underground (saline aquifer) projects, annual sequestration of CO₂The quantity is close to million tons; in the United states, in 2000, in cooperation with Canada, the CO of Great Plant Synfuels plants and Sask Power plants was injected at the Weyburn oil field₂Accumulating and storing CO while improving the oil extraction rate of the oil field near exhaustion₂Up to 2600 or more tens of thousands t; the project of Boundary Dam Power of Sask Power company of Canada in 2014 is the first successful application of the project to CO Power plant₂Capture project, CO generated by 150MW coal-fired generator₂After capture, a portion was sequestered underground and a portion was used for U.S. Weyburn oil field flooding, CO₂The trapping capacity reaches 100 million t/a, and the project traps CO in 2019₂Up to 61.6 ten thousand t; 2015 Canadian Quest project CO produced in hydrogen production process of synthetic crude oil₂Successfully injected into a saline water layer for sealing and storing, and CO is injected every year₂The trapping capacity reaches 100 million/a, the project is the first CCS project in the oil sand industry, the carbon emission can be reduced by 100 million every year, and by 2019, the Quest project can trap CO accumulatively₂Up to 400 million t, is the maximum CO capture in the world₂And successfully injected into a subterranean project; the Gorgon project in the west of australia in 2016 is a complement to the Gorgon natural gas project, the largest global unit LNG project, which projects CO by liquefaction technology₂Separating CO from natural gas₂The injection amount can reach 350 ten thousand t/a when the injection is injected into a saline layer of the Balo island.

China starts to research CCUS technology later, and the government continues to come out of the CCUS technical policy in 2006, and the CCUS technology is one of the key points in China national plan for climate change handling (national scheme for climate change handling science and technology action handling in China), Chinese policy and action for climate change handling in China, and the like. In 2007, the China Petroleum Jilin oil field and the China petrochemical east China division company grass House oil field opened domestic CO₂The trapping project firstly realizes the industrialization of the CCUS-EOR technology and establishes five types of CO₂Oil displacement and sequestration demonstration area, annual sequestration of CO₂The capacity can reach 35 ten thousand t; in the same year, China petrochemical east China division builds CO in the oil field of the grass house₂Annual injection amount4 ten thousand t of pilot test items, and CO is built in the later period₂The annual treatment capacity of the recovery device can reach 2 ten thousand t. Subsequently, the Zhongpetrochemical Shengli oil field, China Shenhua, prolonged Petroleum and the Zhongpetrochemical Central oil field accelerate the propulsion of CO₂Industrialization of the collection item. In 2010, the China petrochemical industry victory oil field is built into the first domestic CCUS demonstration project of a coal-fired power plant, and the flue gas CO of the coal-fired power plant is used₂Adopting combustion-trapping technology to trap CO as source₂Injecting into oil field for displacing oil and CO₂The trapping capacity reaches 3-4 million t/a; in 2011, a CCS demonstration project of Shenhua Ordos 10 ten thousand t/a is completed, and a methanol absorption method is adopted to capture CO in tail gas of a coal gasification hydrogen production project₂Injecting CO into saline water layer₂The project is the first domestic saline water layer geological sequestration experiment project; in 2012, the oil is prolonged to build 5 ten thousand t/a of CO₂A collection and utilization item for utilizing CO generated in coal chemical industry₂The crude oil is purified, pressurized and liquefied by a low-temperature methanol washing technology and then injected into an oil field, so that the viscosity of the crude oil is reduced, the recovery ratio of the crude oil is improved, and CO is realized₂Permanently sealing and storing; in 2015, CCUS project for tail gas of central oil field refinery in medium petrochemical industry was built, and the project approaches to abandoned oil field through CO₂Oil displacement improves the oil field extraction rate by 15 percent, and million tons of CO exist at present₂Is injected into the ground.

In addition to the conventional CO₂Trapping technology, China also developed CO₂The novel recycling technology is applied to the industries of food, fine chemicals and the like, in 2009, a second power plant carbon capture project at the Shanghai stone cave entrance is built, the capture scale is 10 ten thousand t/a, and the captured CO is₂The method is mainly used in the food industry; 2011 CO produced by IGCC in research institute of clean coal energy and power system in Hongyun harbor₂Trapping the latter part for urea and sodium carbonate industry, injecting the other part into brine layer for sealing; china electric group CO of Tianjin north pond in 2012₂The trapping demonstration project adopts a post-combustion trapping technology, the annual trapping amount is 2 ten thousand t, and CO is trapped₂Used in the food industry; in 2010, the Xinao group in inner Mongolian Dallas absorbed tail gas of a coal-based methanol/dimethyl ether device by using a microalgae carbon sequestration technology, and a part of the tail gas is used as biodiesel,one part is used for producing feed, and the treatment capacity reaches 2 ten thousand t/a; the sea snail cement establishes an industrial CCUS test project of 5 ten thousand tons; qilu petrochemical under construction CCUS-EOR project (2020) CO₂The trapping capacity was 4 ten thousand t/a. The utilization direction of the emerging carbon in China is mainly CO₂Hydrogenation for preparing methanol and CO₂Hydrogenation for preparing isoparaffin and CO₂Hydrogenation for preparing aromatic hydrocarbon and CO₂Although methanation reforming and the like, such as Shanxi coal chemical institute, Dalian union institute, Shanghai research institute of Chinese academy, university of Dalian union, and the like, have studied these technologies, they are mostly in the theoretical research stage or pilot plant stage of catalyst research, and there is no CCUS practical technology for industrial application.

The Chinese environmental science society, release the Chinese head CCUS group standard 'carbon dioxide capture utilization and sealing term' T/CSES 41-2021 at 22.12.1.2021, comprises related terms of CCUS, related terms of carbon dioxide, capture and transportation terms of carbon dioxide, related terms of CCUS monitoring and measuring performance, related terms of risk and the like, and regulates related terms of the capture utilization and sealing field of carbon dioxide, and is mainly suitable for scientific research, management, teaching and production activities in related fields of carbon dioxide capture, chemical utilization, geological sealing and the like in high emission industries such as chemical industry, thermal power, steel, cement and the like. The T/CSES 41-2021 has positive significance for scientific research and production activities in the CCUS field, promotes the scientificity and normalization of the use of Chinese CCUS terms, and accelerates the pace of meeting international standards. The community standard does not relate to the related patent technology in the CCUS field. The prior patent technology in the CCUS field is few in China, and the real practical technology is almost none.

CN201711383170.2 discloses a negative carbon emission system and method thereof, which utilizes photosynthesis of growing plants to absorb carbon dioxide molecules, and properly designs photon wavelength for inducing photosynthesis of plants to increase efficiency of photosynthesis of plants, and selects LED light source with carbon footprint lower than threshold and conversion efficiency higher than threshold, and combines low carbon power source with carbon footprint lower than threshold, such as solar cell panel. The system can be applied to the capture of carbon dioxide.

CN201810173639.8 discloses carbon dioxide entrapment device in cement manufacture, including gas collecting channel, first intake pipe, air pump, first blast pipe, filter, the gas collecting channel top is provided with first intake pipe, one side of first intake pipe is provided with the air pump, one side of air pump is provided with first blast pipe, one side of first blast pipe is provided with the filter, one side of filter is provided with the dust absorption jar, one side of dust absorption jar is provided with the second blast pipe, one side of second blast pipe is provided with gaseous drying tank, one side of gaseous drying tank is provided with the second intake pipe, one side of second intake pipe is provided with the gas holder. Has the advantages that: this carbon dioxide entrapment device has set up equipment such as filtration, purification, drying to the special environment of cement manufacture for the purity of final carbon dioxide product is higher, through the collection to carbon dioxide, has reduced its emission to in the air.

CN201820292229.0 discloses carbon dioxide collection device that tail gas was handled among cement manufacture, including cement rotary kiln, gas transmission pipeline, dust remover, absorption tower, cement rotary kiln one end is provided with the smoke chamber, smoke chamber one end is provided with gas transmission pipeline, gas transmission pipeline one end is provided with the dust remover, dust remover one end is provided with the scrubbing tower, scrubbing tower one end is provided with the desulfurizing tower, desulfurizing tower one end is provided with the absorption tower, absorption tower one end is provided with analytic tower, analytic tower one end is provided with the gas holder, gas holder one end is provided with the carbon dioxide and does not have the oil-pressure moulding machine, carbon dioxide does not have oil-pressure moulding machine one end and is provided with first absorption tower. Has the advantages that: the device recovers carbon dioxide gas generated in the cement kiln, does not contain impurities, does not discharge into the air, plays a role in protecting the environment, and improves economic benefits by recycling carbon dioxide in other industries.

CN201811533699.2 discloses a carbon dioxide desorption method for carbon capture, sequestration and utilization technology, which comprises the desorption steps of: starting and adjusting an electric adjusting valve, reducing the temperature and the pressure of saturated steam in the cement kiln tail waste heat boiler through a temperature and pressure reducer, and heating the saturated steam in an amine liquid reboiler in a desorption tower; heating and desorbing the carbon dioxide passing through the desorption tower; and the saturated steam after heating and desorbing the carbon dioxide in the desorption tower is subjected to liquid change to form saturated water, and the saturated water enters a condensate water recovery device through a water return pipe. The carbon dioxide desorption method for the carbon capture, sequestration and utilization technology does not influence the normal operation of the cement kiln waste heat power generation system, can meet the requirement of the desorption operation of the CCS system, and reduces the economic cost investment.

CN201010532911.0 discloses a waste treatment facility for introducing a thermal decomposition gas of waste into a cement decomposition furnace, which is provided adjacent to a cement manufacturing facility provided with a cement burning furnace, a clinker cooler for cooling a burned product thereof, and a decomposition furnace into which a high-temperature exhaust gas flows from either one of the burning furnace and the clinker cooler. Wherein, possess: the gasification furnace is provided with a gasification furnace for gasifying the waste to generate thermal decomposition gas, and a gas conveying channel for conveying the generated thermal decomposition gas to the decomposition furnace under the condition of keeping the carbon and the ash unchanged. The pyrolysis gas is introduced into the decomposing furnace in such a manner that the pyrolysis gas does not directly interfere with the main stream of the exhaust gas flow from the burning furnace or the clinker cooler, and is prevented from being scraped, thereby sufficiently burning the pyrolysis gas. Thus, the existing cement manufacturing equipment is effectively utilized, and the sanitary treatment of wastes is realized at low cost.

201610704208.0 discloses a method for utilizing carbon dioxide in carbonate calcining flue gas and preparing methanol by collecting carbon dioxide generated in the carbonate calcining process; catalytic pyrolysis of biomass fuel to form H-containing₂Introducing the fuel gas into a high-pressure catalytic reaction tower after dust fall treatment; the two are produced into products with methanol as the main component in a high-pressure catalytic reaction tower, and are purified and purified into industrial methanol in a distillation tower. The method for regenerating carbon dioxide generated in the carbonate calcination process disclosed by the invention can absorb and consume about 1.375 million tons of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and absorb and consume biomass according to the annual production of ten thousand tons of methanolThe waste is approximately 10 ten thousand tons. The purposes of environmental protection and resource recycling are achieved while economic benefits are generated.

CN201010229727.9 discloses a production process for removing carbon dioxide from flue gas and preparing ammonium compound fertilizer and light calcium carbonate. The method comprises the steps of using dilute ammonia water as an absorbent, carrying out gas-liquid two-phase high-strength mass transfer absorption reaction on raw flue gas through a super-gravity field absorption tower for decarbonization, discharging the treated flue gas through a chimney, and further carrying out reaction treatment on byproducts of the decarbonization reaction to obtain the ammonium compound fertilizer and the light calcium carbonate with good economic value. The complete set of reaction separation device supporting the process comprises a high-gravity field absorption tower, a static mixer, a deep reaction tank, a cyclone, an ammonium compound fertilizer recovery system, a light calcium carbonate recovery system, various pumps and other equipment, wherein the high-gravity field absorption tower is a chemical reaction absorption section for removing carbon dioxide. The invention is a brand new process, and has the advantages of high efficiency, low investment and low operating cost.

CN201980083589.7 discloses hydromethanation of a carbonaceous feedstock with improved carbon utilization and power generation, to a process for hydromethanating the carbonaceous feedstock in a hydromethanation reactor to a methane-enriched raw product stream, and in particular to processing the solid coke by-product removed from the hydromethanation reactor to improve the carbon utilization and thermal efficiency and economics of the overall process by co-producing power and steam from the by-product coke in addition to the end product pipeline quality substitute natural gas.

CN202010455978.2 discloses a method and a system for utilizing carbon dioxide, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring carbon dioxide meeting preset conditions; injecting the carbon dioxide into a coal seam and allowing the carbon dioxide to expand and release into the coal seam; and the carbon dioxide is used for expelling the coal bed gas in the coal bed to ensure that the coal bed gas is discharged from the coal bed. In the invention, the relatively single carbon dioxide is used as the displacement gas of the coal bed gas, and after the coal bed gas is displaced out of the coal bed, the carbon dioxide is remained and sealed in the coal bed, so that the carbon dioxide is utilized to obtain a clean gas source, the emission of the carbon dioxide is reduced, and the influence on the greenhouse effect is reduced.

CN201110176523.8 discloses a method and a device for preparing formic acid by recovering carbon dioxide from flue gas and utilizing electric power at night, a carbon dioxide recovery process for separating and recovering carbon dioxide from flue gas obtained by fuel combustion; sending the separated carbon dioxide into a membrane electrolysis device which is reduced by direct current to reduce the carbon dioxide to obtain formic acid; the formic acid refining process is that the dilute formic acid solution obtained by membrane electrolysis is refined to obtain formic acid product. The membrane electrolysis device is divided into a cathode chamber, a concentration chamber and an anode chamber; or divided into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber; the membrane electrolysis units are combined in any mode of series connection or parallel connection or combination of series connection and parallel connection. The technology adopts an efficient membrane electrolysis device and a gas-liquid mixed feeding mode and a carbon dioxide recovery formic acid refining process, has high electrochemical process efficiency, collects and recovers carbon dioxide and obtains high-concentration formic acid liquid through electrolytic reduction, effectively realizes the recovery and conversion of carbon dioxide, and can also effectively utilize the night power of a power plant.

The fundamental pain point of the above prior art CCUS is high cost, high energy consumption, low efficiency, low benefit, and is far from large-scale commercial application. World CO₂The utilization of CO which is still in the theoretical research stage of the technology₂Carbon fiber preparation, acetic acid preparation and the like; already in development stage, there is CO₂Preparation of Polymer, CO₂Methanation reforming, CO₂Preparing methanol by hydrogenation, cultivating seaweed, circulating power and the like; already in the demonstration project phase there is a CO₂Chemical fertilizer preparation, oil displacement in oil fields, food-grade application and the like. The negative carbon emission methods being discussed and developed are biomass energy power generation and carbon capture and sequestration (BECCS or BioCCS) technologies, such as BioCCS of the european carbon emission center (CCR), it is theoretically possible to remove CO from the atmosphere while producing fuel or electricity₂。

China actively participates and becomes an important construction force for coping with climate change in the world, and in order to achieve the green transformation target of carbon peak carbon neutralization and high-quality development in China, the technical field of carbon emission strategy utilization by CCUS and biomass in China has to be changed thoroughly. Book (I)Creatively replaces fossil energy with biomass energy and CO in the current industrial field₂The collection and the Utilization of the prior art are organically combined, and the integrated creation of a biomass energy of a non-power plant can utilize the industrialized commercial negative Carbon emission technologies (NETs) practical technology BECCU or BioCCU (Bioass-energy With Carbon Capture and Utilization).

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defect that Chinese CCUS and biomass energy use negative carbon emission technology is also and gradually following carbon capture and sequestration (BECCS or biocCS) of European and American biomass power plants, in particular to the industrial pain point that CCUS has high cost, high energy consumption, low efficiency and low benefit, the invention uses CO in the production of light calcium carbonate in the current industrial field₂Collecting and utilizing the prior art and the production thereof to CO₂The self-demand of raw materials organically integrates the biomass energy source instead of fossil energy with the CCUS technology, the light calcium carbonate production process and the like, creates a biomass energy utilization mode of industrial non-power plant biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission practical technology BECCU or BioCCU, and realizes the CO energy utilization mode through industrial production by using the pollution reduction and carbon reduction synergistic effect of high efficiency, high benefit, low cost and low energy consumption₂The purpose of negative carbon emission removed from the atmosphere opens up a new field of carbon capture and utilization technology.

In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a non-power plant industrialized biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission technology, biomass energy is used for completely replacing fire coal to produce light calcium carbonate, and the biomass fuel is directly combusted in the calcium carbonate calcination process and CO produced by biomass gasification combustion in the drying of calcium carbonate cooked pulp₂The CO absorbed by the biomass energy from the atmosphere is completely recycled and used as the calcium carbonate production raw material in the carbonation process₂Permanently fixed and sealed in industrial products to realize industrialized removal of atmospheric CO₂A fraction of the total amount.

In the invention, limestone and biomass fuel are added into a lime kiln together for calcination, the obtained quick lime is screened and then enters a digestion mechanism for digestion to obtain lime milk coarse pulp, the coarse pulp is separated and purified to obtain fine pulp, and the fine pulp is aged in an aging tankThe mixture enters a fine pulp thickening tank after being dissolved, and then enters a carbonization tower after being added with clear water to adjust the concentration, and the CO is mixed and collected with purified flue gas from a biomass calcining kiln gas and a biomass gas hot blast stove in a drying process₂The generated calcium carbonate cooked slurry is subjected to carbonation reaction, is subjected to standing and aging and then is filtered in a filter, and the obtained filter paste is dehydrated, dried, crushed, separated and dedusted to obtain the light calcium carbonate final product, so that the CO absorbed by the biomass energy from the atmosphere is realized₂Permanently fixed and sealed in light calcium carbonate industrial products for industrially removing atmospheric CO₂The purpose of (1).

In the invention, the calcination process for producing the light calcium carbonate can be directly combusted in an industrial manner by using 3000 to 4000 kilocalories of wood chip biomass briquette fuel or high-quality biomass particle briquette fuel, and can also be calcined by using biomass fuel gas produced by pyrolyzing biomass by using a biomass gasifier. In fact, the production of the quicklime by directly calcining the limestone by using the wood biofuel firewood is a first generation traditional technology of biomass energy utilization existing before the industrial revolution, and the project adopts a second generation technology of biomass energy utilization and biomass briquette industrialized direct combustion technology to improve the energy utilization efficiency and CO₂The recycling rate is improved, and the biomass pyrolysis gasification belongs to the third generation technology of biomass energy utilization, and is more advanced and efficient than the second generation technology. No matter the second generation or the third generation biomass energy utilization technology is adopted, the fuel requirement of limestone calcination can be completely met technically.

In the invention, the precipitated calcium carbonate cooked pulp drying process adopts a biomass pyrolysis gasification technology to supply heat, and CO in the flue gas of a biomass gas hot blast stove₂With CO produced by the calcium carbonate calcination process₂And are recycled together.

In the present invention, CO₂The collection and the recycling of the light calcium carbonate can be fully utilized to produce the existing CO₂The collection and recovery technology and the device greatly reduce the huge investment and cost of the carbon capture, utilization and sequestration of the CCUS technology at present. Wherein CO produced in the calcination stage₂Not only can directly adopt the existing CO₂Collecting and recycling technology and device for collecting and recyclingOr, if necessary, to the existing CO₂Collecting CO from a utilization system₂Collecting, gas-solid-liquid separating, impurity treating, cooling, recovering and CO₂A small amount of adaptive technical transformation is carried out on devices such as compression conveying and the like, so that the CO is further improved₂The collection and recycling efficiency of (1); CO produced in the drying process of the calcium carbonate cooked pulp₂With CO produced during the calcination process₂Can be recycled together to meet the requirement of CO production in industrialized commercial light calcium carbonate₂The requirement of raw materials.

In the invention, the biomass fuel is industrially directly combusted or after gasification, the biomass gas is combusted to form C + O₂→CO₂Releasing CO₂And releases heat; and the calcination of calcium carbonate releases CO₂The two processes of producing the calcium oxide CaO and drying the calcium carbonate cooked slurry are heat absorption processes, CaCO₃→CaO+CO₂The enthalpy change of ↓ΔH is larger than zero when the biomass fuel is used for continuously supplementing and providing energy required by reaction and heating. On the one hand, CO is continuously generated by calcining and combustion heating₂On the other hand, CO produced by decomposition of calcium carbonate raw material₂And CO produced by the combustion of biomass₂CO combined with two sources of feedstock and fuel₂Must be removed quickly to reduce CO in the calcination process₂Partial pressure increase of calcination released CO₂Efficiency, and the normal operation of the biomass gas hot blast stove is maintained.

In the present invention, CaO + H is digested by quicklime₂O→Ca(OH)₂Delta H < 0 and calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) carboxylated₂+CO₂→CaCO₃Both ↓ + H2O < delta H > are exothermic reactions. Because of the conservation of energy and conservation of material, those skilled in the art, even scientists, produce CaCO from light calcium carbonate₃→CaO+CO₂To CaO + H₂O→Ca(OH)₂To Ca (OH)₂+CO₂→CaCO₃Chemical formula, only the light calcium carbonate raw material is seen to be the same as the chemical formula of the final product, CO₂The material is equally fed in and out on the molecular formula in the production of the light calcium carbonate; especially the production of heavy calcium carbonate, has no CO at all₂The material enters and exits the production process. Therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,those skilled in the art will recognize, even scientists, that inertial thinking only holds, CO₂The material is carbon balanced before and after the production of the light calcium carbonate and can not generate CO to the atmosphere₂What effect the total amount has. What the average person does not think of is CO₂Carbon balance process of equal quantity and one inlet and one outlet in light calcium carbonate production of substances for atmospheric CO₂The total emissions may lead to potential negative carbon emission technology utilization scenarios.

In the invention, if biomass energy is not used for completely replacing fossil energy, the production of light calcium carbonate can generate artificial activities to cause atmospheric CO₂Increased total carbon emissions. CO released from fossil fuel in light calcium carbonate production₂About 35% of the total carbon emission, which is part of the CO energy₂The emission is regulated according to the source category of 'energy' in volume 2 of '2006 IPCC guideline', and the emission needs to be measured and accounted to enter a national greenhouse gas list; and the CO released by calcining the raw calcium carbonate ore accounts for about 44 percent of the mass of the raw calcium carbonate ore₂Is recycled for the back end carbonation production process, CO₂The material is equally discharged and fed in the industrial process of calcium carbonate production, and the total carbon amount in the industrial process is balanced. Thus, the carbon emissions from light calcium carbonate production are only CO metered and accounted for in fossil fuels₂And (4) discharging the amount. This is completely different from the carbon emission mechanism of cement production, which does not have CO in the cement production process₂The recycling process and mechanism, therefore, the carbon capture, utilization and sealing can be artificially carried out by human beings by adopting the cement CCUS technology. Volume 3 of the 2006 IPCC guideline "industrial process and product usage" regulations "in certain IPPU categories, especially large point emission sources, can capture emissions for recycling or removal. It is a good practice to consider emissions capture using detailed country-specific or more appropriate enterprise-level data. "," Add Capture to formula by adding other terms in formula representing observed quantity of Capture or efficiency of emission reduction System in conjunction with annual System usage "" "whether CO should be installed and deployed in Enterprise₂Capture technique, preferably by deducting captured CO in high-level process emission calculations₂"" other than on List consider CO₂Emission of CO for later use₂Amount and short term storage should not be from CO₂Deducting the discharge. The default assumption is that carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is not employed. Considering CO₂Any method of capture should take into account the CO captured in the process₂Emissions may be related to both combustion and process. If combustion and process emissions are reported separately, the inventory maker should ensure that the CO is present₂The same number of (a) is not counted twice. In these cases, the captured CO₂The total amount should best be reported in the respective fuel combustion and the CO generated in these source classes should be taken into account₂The volume ratios are reported in the IPPU source category. "

In the invention, globally recognized zero-carbon biomass energy is used for completely replacing fossil energy, and the production of light calcium carbonate can generate CO influencing the atmosphere₂Reduced total CO₂Negative discharge effect. CO released by biomass fuel in light calcium carbonate production₂With CO liberated from calcium carbonate ore raw material₂Is recycled for the production of carbonation, is combined into a part of calcium carbonate final industrial product, and absorbs CO from the atmosphere in the process of biomass (plant) growth₂The CO is permanently fixed and sealed in the final industrial product of the light calcium carbonate through an industrialized process to realize the separation of CO₂CO removal from the atmosphere₂Negative discharge effect.

In the invention, because the chemical change of the light calcium carbonate industrial production is only in the molecule and atom level, the nuclear polymerization change of the C atomic nucleus is not involved, and the total amount of the C elements of the light calcium carbonate raw material and the final industrial product is not changed, thus the light calcium carbonate is in material balance. The carbon material balance mechanism in the industrial production process of the light calcium carbonate is as follows: the carbon element added by the combustion of the biomass fuel is respectively distributed in accessory products produced by light calcium carbonate such as carbon-containing compounds, mixtures and the like in a gas-solid state and a liquid state at different stages of the industrial production process: such as CaCO₃、MgCO₃、CaMg(CO₃)₂、MnCO₃And hydrocarbons such as tar, carbohydrates and CO gas (CO)₂Reduction reaction of CO₂+ C → 2CO product), calcium bicarbonate Ca (HCO) (hard water), H carbonate₂CO₃(CO₂Dissolving in water to generate CO carbonate₂+H₂O＝＝H₂CO₃) And other carbon compounds (such as greenhouse gas CO) that escape or are discharged to the atmosphere, surface, and water during production₂Emissions and other carbon compounds and mixture emissions, etc.). The carbon balance process is essentially atmospheric CO₂Carbon sink absorption due to biomass growth → CO release by biomass energy utilization₂→ recovery and utilization of CO by carbon capture in industrial production process of calcium carbonate₂→ C element with CO₂Or other carbonate and carbon compound mixture forms, and is fixedly sealed in the light calcium carbonate product and other by-product products in the production process thereof in the carbonation process. Therefore, the production process of the biomass energy light calcium carbonate is essentially a negative carbon emission process for industrially fixing the carbon element of the biomass energy (wherein CO dissipated into the atmosphere in the production process₂Equal greenhouse gases, carbon footprint must be metered and accounted, and part of the negative carbon emission reduction amount generated by the invention is offset and deducted), namely, part of CO in the atmosphere is removed through plant carbon sink and the industrial production process₂Removed and permanently fixed in the precipitated calcium carbonate product and other non-greenhouse gas adjuncts.

In the invention, because other non-greenhouse gas by-product products must exist in the production process of the light calcium carbonate, the total amount of the by-product products is generally equivalent to 20-30% of the yield of the light calcium carbonate. Among them, some by-product products (such as CO, etc.) will form CO in future₂Finally discharged into the atmosphere, according to the '2006 IPCC guideline', the CO in the industrial process returning to the atmosphere in the future must be measured and accounted₂Carbon footprint emissions, and inclusion in the IPPU Source Category into the national greenhouse gas emissions List, which must be derived from the Biomass energy CO₂Deducting the negative discharge amount; most of carbon element contained in by-product is permanently fixed and sealed in inert carbonate, and no CO is formed in future₂Nor enter the atmosphere to increase the total greenhouse gas. CO in the industrial production of light calcium carbonate because of the inexhaustible substances₂Negative emissions, can never be zero. Using living organismsCO for producing light calcium carbonate by using mass energy₂Negative emission, effect and effect of eliminating greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are absolute, and CO can be generated by different biomass energy and light calcium carbonate production technologies and equipment₂The difference between the negative carbon emission and the purge amount.

In the present invention, CO₂The measurement and accounting of negative emissions are very similar to the basic emissions calculations of all carbonate combustion industries, based on molecular weight and CO, which are common, according to the "IPCC guideline 2006, volume 3" Industrial Process and product usage-Chapter 2 mining industry carbon emissions "regulations₂Ratio of, wherein, CaCO₃(Calcite or aragonite) emission factor (ton CO)₂Carbonate per ton) 0.43971, MgCO₃Magnesite emission factor 0.52197, CaMg (CO)₃)₂Dolomite emission factor 0.47732, FeCO₃Siderite emission factor 0.37987, Ca (Fe, Mg, Mn) (CO)₃)₂Iron dolomite emission factor 0.40822-0.47572, MnCO₃Rhodochrosite discharge factor 0.38286, Na2CO₃Sodium carbonate or soda ash discharge factor 0.41492. "chapter 2 mining industry carbon emissions-2.3 lime production" stipulates that the production of lime involves a series of steps including raw material collection, crushing and sizing and calcining the raw material to produce quicklime and, if necessary, hydrating the lime to calcium hydroxide. Consumption of lime products does not result in CO under certain conditions₂Is discharged to the atmosphere. For example, slaked lime used in water softening produces CO₂React with lime to reform calcium carbonate without generating CO₂Net venting to the atmosphere. Similarly, precipitated calcium carbonates for use in the paper industry and other industrial applications are hydrated high calcium quicklime with CO₂Generated by the reaction; in the sugar manufacturing process, lime is used to remove impurities from the raw sugarcane juice, and any excess lime can be removed by carbonation. Only the validated and verified method was used to calculate the CO which reacts with lime to reform calcium carbonate₂The amount, any recarbonization process in these particular industries can be calculated and reported. When these conditions are met, it can be reported under category 2H "other". Lime Kiln Dust (LKD) generation during lime production, methods of use 2 and methodsThe emissions estimate from method 3 should take into account the emissions associated with LKD. "

In the invention, the biomass energy is globally recognized zero-carbon energy, and CO generated by biomass energy utilization and not counted in the total amount of emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere₂Removed from the atmosphere and permanently fixed in the final industrial product light calcium carbonate and its by-products, BECCU and biomass power plant BECCS or BioCCS on CO₂The cleaning effect of (a) is the same. The measurement and accounting of greenhouse gas carbon emission in light calcium carbonate production follows the IPCC guideline of 2006 and related methodology, wherein, in addition to the first range of biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission measurement and accounting, carbon footprints such as outsourcing electric power and other energy sources (second range) and enterprise personnel activity carbon emission (third range) in light calcium carbonate industrial production are not included in the energy boundary range of the first range and the CCUS technical field involved in the invention, but belong to another technical field and the greenhouse gas emission measurement accounting subject matter.

In the present invention, CO₂The negative emission is measured and calculated according to '2006 IPCC guideline': 1. volume 2 "energy" 2.3.4 carbon dioxide capture "since this is a new emerging technology, it requires plant specific method 3 reporting. The capture and storage plant will most likely meter the amount of gas removed by the gas stream and diverted to geological storage. "," if biofuel is supplied to the plant, the corresponding CO₂Emissions will be zero and therefore, subtracting the amount of gas transferred to long term storage gives negative emissions. As a result, CO₂Transport, CO₂Subsequent emissions from the injection and storage itself should account for the total emissions of the country, whether the carbon originates from a fossil source or is produced by the recent biomass, and subsequent emissions (CO for later use and short-term storage₂) Should not be from CO₂Deduction in emissions unless CO2 emissions are counted elsewhere in the list [ e.g. CO in urea production (Vol. 3, section 3.2) and methanol production₂Volume 3, section 3.9, in which the CO due to the final product should be taken into account₂Emission later). 2. Volume 4 AFOLU "agroforestry and other land utilization" Chapter 4 "Biomass Combustion generated CO₂Emissions are not included in the countryThe total amount of greenhouse gases, but is recorded as an item of information for cross-check purposes and to avoid recalculation. "

In the invention, the estimation of greenhouse gas emission in the production of light calcium carbonate by using biomass energy is carried out by adopting a method 3 of '2006 IPCC guideline' to carry out CO₂It is estimated that the present invention utilizes biomass energy to produce light calcium carbonate first range (industrial process and energy use) CO₂The negative carbon emission measurement and accounting model is as follows: BECCU CO₂Discharging_SourceProduction of_Source-capturing_SourceNamely, the estimation formula:

in the present invention, FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a process diagram of biomass energy utilization with negative carbon emission, which illustrates BECCU CO in detail₂Discharging_SourceWhy it must be negative (i.e. BECCU CO)₂Discharging_SourceMust be CO₂Negative emissions). The inventor organizes strength development or jointly develops BECCU CO according to the invention and the cooperation of the Chinese environmental science society and the Chinese energy-saving society₂The negative emission related methodology applies for the approval of the national climate change department and the approval of IPCC record, and develops or jointly develops the CCUS related group standard such as carbon dioxide capture utilization sealing-BECCU industrialized negative carbon emission standard with the Chinese environmental science society and the Chinese energy-saving society.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission process;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a production process of biomass energy light calcium carbonate;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of a carbonator in a carbon dioxide utilizing process apparatus.

The reference numbers in the drawings of the specification are as follows:

1. a support; 2. a kiln gas inlet; 3. a refined lime milk inlet; 4. an exhaust cap; 5. adding a phosphoric acid port; 6. an overflow port; 7. a gas distribution cover; 8. a withdrawal notch; 9. and (5) discharging the cooked pulp.

Detailed Description

The concrete description is as follows:

FIG. 1 is a process diagram of negative carbon emission process for biomass energy utilization

Production of light calcium carbonate CO by using biomass energy₂The negative emission process and principle are illustrated as follows according to the steps shown in FIG. 1:

1. the biomass limestone calcining process is that biomass briquette fuel is used to replace anthracite and limestone in a layer combustion mixing mode for industrial direct combustion at about 1000 deg.c, and during calcining, partial biomass gas produced through pyrolysis and gasification may be supplemented as required to regulate and control the temperature, combustion condition and calcining atmosphere in the calcining kiln. The process product for producing quick lime by calcining limestone with biomass comprises the following steps:

(1)、CO₂discharging: c + O₂→2CO₂、CaCO₃→CaO+CO₂Releasing CO₂Wherein the emission of biomass IPPU source type (fuel) in 2006 IPCC guideline is zero, and the emission of the IPPU source type (raw material) CO in the limestone industrial process₂Emission default emission factor (CO per ton lime)₂Tonnage) high calcium lime 0.75, dolomitic lime 0.86 or 0.77, hydraulic lime 0.59;

(2) CaO, which accounts for about 56 percent of the mass of the limestone raw material;

(3) screening lime ash, wherein carbon-containing compound carbonate or carbon-containing mixture is removed from the lime ash, and a byproduct carbon element needs to be metered and calculated in a biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission process;

(4) lime kiln gas (CO)₂Other impurities in the biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission process, which contain carbon compounds, carbonates or carbon-containing mixtures, and need to measure and account for the removal of the waste gas of the byproduct carbon element;

(5) the kiln gas dissipated CO accounts for about 1.69 percent (about 1.42 percent) of the total volume fraction of the kiln gas, and the carbon footprint of the kiln gas dissipated by-product is measured and calculated to calculate CO₂Then discharging the amount;

(6) dust emission CO of lime kiln₂Discharging: the amount of Lime Kiln Dust (LKD) generation from the 2006 IPCC guideline depends on the type of lime kiln used and the carbonate characteristics used, with an average shaft kiln producing 9% to 10% dust loss per 1 ton of lime and a raw material feed loss of 16% to 18%. The chemical composition of LKD varies from raw material feed to raw material feed, typically high calcium lime LKD may contain 75% combined calcium oxide and uncalcined calcium carbonate, the remaining impurities are silica, alumina and iron oxides and sulfur (depending on the fuel used), data is collected regarding the typical ratio of LKD to lime production and typical composition of LKD, and in the absence of data, 2% corrective additions can be assumed to account for LKD (i.e., 1.02 CO₂Discharge); the vertical axis furnace produces a relatively small amount of LKD, and the LKD correction factor from the vertical axis furnace is determined to be negligible and not necessarily estimated. Method 3 advantageously collects specific data on the weight proportion of carbonate consumed by lime production and the proportion achieved by calcination in each plant, and also collects data on the amount (dry weight) and composition of LKD produced. Similar to method 3 for cement production, the emissions of LKD should be subtracted from the estimate of method 3.

2. A biomass pyrolysis gasification process, wherein a biomass gasification furnace mainly supplies heat for a precipitated calcium carbonate (light calcium carbonate) drying process, and can also supply biomass fuel gas for a lime kiln according to needs, and main products after biomass gasification are as follows:

(1) biomass combustible gas: 20-25% of CO and H in parts by volume₂8-10％、CH₄2-4％、C_mH_n(C₂H₆、C₂H₄、C₂H₂、C₃H₆、C₃H₈Etc.) 0.8, etc. The biomass fuel has different components.

(2) Carbon dioxide: CO2₂：8-15％；

(3) Nitrogen gas: n is a radical of₂46％-56％；

(4) Oxygen: o is₂0.5％-1.5％；

(5) Ash residue: accounting for 5-8% of the total amount of the biomass fuel, and metering and accounting for ash and slag removal of carbon elements of byproducts such as hydrocarbons and the like in the biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission process.

3、CO₂Collecting and purifying process, CO in kiln gas for calcining limestone by biomass₂And CO in the heat supply flue gas generated by biomass gasification combustion₂After being collected and recovered, the kiln gas and the flue gas are purified and can be applied to a subsequent carbonation process, the kiln gas and the flue gas are mixed and are subjected to cyclone dust removal, water washing, tar adsorption and sewage treatment, carbon-containing compound carbonate, other hydrocarbons, carbohydrate or carbon-containing mixture ash, tar, sewage sludge and the like are added, and in the biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission process, the CO is measured and calculated₂Removing carbon element as by-product in the purification treatment process.

4. Quicklime slaking process, CaO + H₂O→Ca(OH)₂The intermediate product, namely hydrated lime does not relate to the problem of carbon emission, but about 5 percent of waste residues in the digestion process, the carbonate or the carbon-containing mixture of the waste residues, needs to be metered and counted to remove the waste residues of the carbon element of the byproduct in the biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission process.

5、CO₂Industrial utilization process of CO from limestone calcination decomposition and biomass energy utilization₂After purification treatment, in CO₂Industrial utilization device of carbonization tower and slaked lime Ca (OH)₂Performing carbonation reaction to generate stable carbonate such as calcium carbonate, wherein CO is derived from biomass energy₂Is permanently fixed and sealed in stable carbonate industrial products and byproducts such as light calcium carbonate and the like by industrialization and is permanently eliminated from a biomass plant carbon library (processed in AFOLU department according to AFOLU 4 chapter 4 source category of IPCC guideline 2006, agriculture and forestry and other land utilization, which is incorporated into the total amount of greenhouse gas emission of China). In the process of utilizing biomass energy and discharging negative carbon, the CO of the carbonization tower needs to be metered and accounted₂CO in industrial utilization₂The carbon element which is a byproduct in the tail gas emission of the dissipation and carbonization tower is removed.

6. Drying and processing technology of precipitated calcium carbonate (light calcium carbonate), biomass gasification combustion heat supply precipitated calcium carbonate drying processing technology, biomassGas combustion of C + O₂→CO₂Releasing CO₂The flue gas is recycled without metering and accounting carbon footprint emission, but CO is dissipated when the biomass gas hot blast stove is combusted₂CO and other carbon-containing substances for drying and processing precipitated calcium carbonate, the process dissipation and processing of impurities, and carbon-containing compound carbonate or carbon-containing mixture, in the biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission process, the removal of by-products, such as the drying process dissipation and processing of impurities, and the like, need to be metered and accounted.

7. The negative emission process principle for producing light calcium carbonate by using biomass energy is described as follows by integrating the 6 production process flows:

(1) the biomass carbon element comes from the absorption of CO from the atmosphere and the soil carbon reservoir in the plant growth process₂Water, nitrogen, inorganic and trace elements (ash: Ca, K, P, Mg, Si, Al, Ba, Fe, Ti, Na, Mn, Sr), and forming carbohydrate polymer cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin as main components through photosynthesis, including carbohydrates such as starch, protein, lipid, hydrocarbons, etc., and hydrocarbon organic matters. The carbon element of the biomass adopts a chemical structural formula (C)₆H₁₀O₅)_nGlucose trielement polymer (carbon 44.44% hydrogen 6.17% oxygen 49.39%) is the main carbohydrate form, and is fixedly sealed in the carbon pool and the carbon pool of the earth biomass.

(2) In the carbon pool and carbon pond of the biomass on the earth, the lignin content of woody plants is 20% -35%, and herbaceous plants are 15% -25%, which are the second major renewable biomass resource next to cellulose, and the biomass generates about 6 multiplied by 10 every year on the world¹⁴Tons of native lignin, with an incremental production of 1600 million tons/year. The initial strong thermal decomposition temperature of cellulose is 280-290 ℃, the thermal decomposition temperature of lignin is 350-450 ℃, the carbon content of lignin is 55-65%, the complex aromatic structure and the thermal stability are high, and the effective utilization is not achieved at present. In the last hundred years of 1930, the practice of human research on lignin proves that pyrolysis is the only feasible technical route for large-scale industrialization, and the lignin is decomposed at high temperature by insulating air to obtain charcoal, tar, wood vinegar and biogas: about 50.9% of CO,CH₄about 37.5% CO₂About 9.6%, and ethylene and other saturated hydrocarbons about 2.0%. The combustion heat value of the lignin is high, the combustion heat of the ash-free spruce picric lignin is 110kJ/g, and the combustion heat of the lignin sulfate is l09.6kJ/g.

(3) The human industrialized large-scale exploitation utilizes fossil energy such as underground carbon depot coal, petroleum and natural gas, and the like to cause climate change, and international laws such as climate change frame convention of United nations, Jingdu protocol, Paris convention and the like, and specialized organization IPCC of gasification change of the United nations promote the human energy to utilize renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, water energy, biomass energy and the like from underground to ground.

In order to eliminate the inevitable carbon emission in the industrial production processes of electric power, steel, cement building materials, metallurgy, chemical industry and the like and realize the aim of coping with climate change, IPCC (2005) ' carbon dioxide capture and storage special report ' (SRCCS) and ' 2006 IPCC guideline ' clearly propose the technical route of biomass energy utilization (biomass power plant) negative carbon emission ' for any other types (such as CO, power plant) selected for storage₂Marine storage or conversion to inert inorganic carbonates) does not provide an emission estimation method. With the exception of mineral carbonisation of certain waste materials, these techniques are in the research phase, not the demonstration or later stages of development of the IPCC (2005) technique. If they reach late in development, emission inventory guidelines generated by these techniques may be compiled and presented in future revisions of the guidelines. "anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions originate mainly from the combustion of fossil fuels (and biomass) in the power generation, industrial, construction and transportation sectors. CO2₂And also in certain industrial processes (such as cement manufacture, natural gas processing, and hydrogen production) non-combustion sources. Power plants and other large industrial facilities are CO₂The main candidate for capture, a common deployment of the prior art, can capture about 85% -95% CO (processed by IPCC capture plants)₂. ", SRCCS provides in its FIG. 5.2 an overview of the relevant processes for pre-combustion capture, post-combustion capture, capture of oxygenated fuel and capture of industrial processes". As already mentioned in some industrial processes, the chemical reaction causes CO₂The formed quantity and concentration can directly capture or separate CO from the flue gas₂. If it captures the raw meatCO produced by combustion of substances₂Negative emissions may result from the capture and compression system. The invention utilizes biomass energy to produce light calcium carbonate (precipitated calcium carbonate), and BECCU belongs to the CO of the 2006 IPCC guideline₂Technical innovation (CO) under the framework of negative emission overall technical route₂Conversion to inert inorganic carbonates), there is currently no established negative emission estimation method for BECCU, the present invention is intended to develop BECCU CO₂Negative emission estimation methodology, according to method 3 of the 2006 IPCC guideline, CO (input carbonate based approach), CO₂Negative emission estimation model: BECCU CO₂Discharging_SourceProduction of_Source-capturing_SourceThe negative emission process measurement accounting formula is as follows:

(according to the '2006 IPCC guideline' and IPCC 2005 'Special report on carbon dioxide Capture and storage' SRCCS)

(4) Description of the Process principles for negative carbon emissions

In the above-mentioned CO₂In the negative-emission estimation model, the exhaust gas is,

is BECCU CO₂And (4) estimating the emission (positive number is positive emission, and negative number is negative emission), wherein a is energy and b is a light calcium carbonate production raw material.

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

as a source of energy_{Source class}Discharging the waste water, and discharging the waste water,

as raw material for industrial processes_{Source class}Discharging the waste water, and discharging the waste water,

capturing benefits for carbonation processesWith CO₂Atmospheric CO directly eliminated₂The emission amount and CO converted by carbon elements contained in the hydrocarbon, carbohydrate liquid and the like such as the inert inorganic carbonate solid and tar which are byproducts of the whole process of industrial production (greenhouse gas emission is not formed in the future)₂Indirectly reducing the displacement.

Further:

(carbon dioxide capture according to "energy" 2.3.4, volume 2, IPCC guideline 2006).

(emission from 2.3 lime production formula 2.7 method 3: emission based on carbonate feed according to Chapter 2 mining industries, volume 3, guide IPCC 2006).

Wherein, CO₂CO emissions from lime production₂Discharge in tons

Emission factor of EFn carbonate n, ton CO₂Carbonate per ton

Mn-consumed carbonate n weight or mass in tons

Calcining Fn ═ the ratio obtained in carbonate n, the ratio

Weight and mass of Md-LKD in tons

Cd is the weight ratio of original carbonate in LKD

Fd-calcination ratio achieved for LKD, part

EFd is the emission factor of uncalcined carbonate in LKD, ton CO₂Per ton of carbonate.

Wherein d represents the subsequent discharge amount of greenhouse gases possibly generated in the future in the industrial production of light calcium carbonate, and in the whole production process of precipitated calcium carbonate, part of the dissipated gases which are not captured and utilized by the carbonation process can form CO in the future₂Or non-CO₂Greenhouse gases, which are subsequently emitted in this part, must be included in the national greenhouse gas list according to the 2006 IPCC guideline, and cannot be deducted from the emission reduction. The method comprises the following steps:

d 1: indicating subsequent emission of CO

d 2: represents CH₄Then discharged

d 3: represents H₂CO₃And so on for subsequent discharge.

e represents the byproduct of the whole process of industrial production of precipitated calcium carbonate (i.e. the process waste material shown in figure 1), including inert inorganic carbonate solid (excluding non-calcined carbonate in LKD) and carbon-hydrogen such as tar, and indirect CO converted from carbon element fixed in the industrial byproduct for a long time (which will not naturally form greenhouse gas emission in the future)₂Capture utilization reduction (indirect carbon capture) comprising:

e1 denotes inert inorganic carbonates, CaCO₃、MgCO₃、CaMg(CO₃)₂、FeCO₃、MnCO₃、Na2CO₃、Ca(HCO)、Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO₃)₂Etc. of

e2 represents indirect CO such as liquid hydrocarbon, carbohydrate tar, wood vinegar, lignin (black liquor), etc₂The emission reduction amount of the capture and utilization is not as stable as that of the inert inorganic carbonate solid, and the part can be industrially recycled, but does not naturally form greenhouse gas emission.

Further:

further:

the industrial production of the light calcium carbonate only chemically changes on the molecular and atomic level, does not relate to the nuclear polymerization change of C element atomic nucleus, does not change the total amount of C elements of the light calcium carbonate raw material and the final industrial product, and is balanced by C substances; and the total content of the C element of the biomass a, the total content of the C element of the subsequent emission d and the total content of the C element of the industrial byproduct e are also in balance of the C substance, and the total content of the C element is not changed in the industrial production.

Due to the law of constant substances, as long as industrial production is carried out, an industrial production byproduct e (namely the process waste shown in figure 1) is always present,

is also certain to exist and can never be zero; particularly in industrial production, the emission of CO and other greenhouse gases dissipated in the process only accounts for about 1.69 percent (about 1.42 percent by mass) of the total volume of the kiln gas and the flue gas, and the emission proportion is very small and is far smaller than that of CO generated by biomass combustion₂The total amount of material, and therefore,

in conclusion, in the production process for producing light calcium carbonate by comprehensively replacing fossil energy with biomass energy as shown in fig. 1, due to the law of constant substances, in the BECCU process technology,

and is

The presence of the (C) is determined,

BECCU CO₂discharging_SourceMust be negative in emission, and absorb CO from the atmosphere in the process of plant growth₂CO fixed in biomass carbon reservoir by carbon sink effect₂And is permanently sealed in the final industrial product of the light calcium carbonate through an industrial production process.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a production process of biomass energy light calcium carbonate

In the description of the attached figure 1, the processes of calcining, biomass pyrolysis gasification and CO production for producing light calcium carbonate by using biomass energy sources₂Collecting and purifying, slaking quicklime, Ca (OH)₂Six processes, such as carbonation and calcium carbonate drying, have been described in detail and are not described again.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a structure of a carbonator in a carbon dioxide utilizing process apparatus

Ca(OH)₂And collecting, purifying and compressing the treated CO₂Calcium carbonate is generated in a carbonization tower through reaction, and the carbonization tower is CO₂The core equipment of the utilization and carbonation process is that the carbonation reaction equation is Ca (OH)₂+CO₂→CaCO₃. FIG. 3 is a view showing the most simple structure of a carbonization tower in which Ca (OH) from a mature slurry aging tank is used₂The fine slurry emulsion enters the carbonization tower from a fine ash emulsion inlet 3 shown in the figure and enters the carbonization tower from CO from a kiln gas inlet 2 shown in the figure₂Collecting CO from purification and compression process₂Carrying out carbonation reaction to generate calcium carbonate; the main function of the 7-gas-dividing hood shown in the figure is to disperse CO₂Realization of CO₂Distributing the materials evenly, wherein the generated calcium carbonate product is collected by a boiled slurry tank through a boiled slurry outlet 9 shown in the figure and then is aged in a boiled slurry aging tank; the carbonization tower is provided with 6 overflow ports for controlling the height and pressure of the liquid level, and is also provided with a carbonization reaction impurity 8 extraction notch and a carbonization reaction tail gas outlet 4 exhaust cap for exhausting, and a phosphoric acid adding port 5 shown in the figure is mainly used for adding blending auxiliary materials such as phosphoric acid and the like and used for adjusting performance indexes such as whiteness, activity and the like of a calcium carbonate product.

It must be noted that the carbonizer is CO₂The key core equipment of the process is utilized, the carbonation process is one of the key processes for determining the quality of the final product of the light calcium carbonate, such as the granule, the crystal form and the like, the core of the invention is to provide the method for utilizing the biomass energyCO production of light calcium carbonate₂The negative discharge technique and method, fig. 3 is only the simplest and most common carbonator structure selected for the convenience of illustrating the carbonation process, and is not intended to limit the carbonation process and apparatus used in the present invention. In fact, the prior art of the carbonation process has various selectable technical processes, including an intermittent bubbling carbonation method, a continuous spray carbonation method, a hypergravity reaction crystallization method and the like, which can be selected to implement the method, and the CO production by the light calcium carbonate of the method can be realized₂The purpose of negative discharge technology. Therefore, the invention can be applied to any carbonation process undoubtedly without enumerating and carbonizing process technology and equipment, and any method adopting the invention to replace fossil energy with biomass energy to produce light calcium carbonate and collect and utilize CO₂Realization of CO₂The purpose of the negative emission technique is within the scope of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The inventor deeply recognizes the high-technology high-added-value clean utilization of biomass energy and gradually replaces fossil energy in scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation practices of the world biomass energy technology in the field of biomass energy utilization for decades at the forefront, and is one of fundamental countermeasures for solving the climate change crisis caused by the unregulated use of human fossil energy; particularly over a decade ago, the inventors discovered the greenhouse gas CO₂Not only from the fields of fossil energy, traditional and novel building materials such as building material cement, calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate and the like, chemical engineering, new materials and the like, but also the used main raw materials such as calcium carbonate and the like are greenhouse gas CO₂One of the main sources of (1). Based on the important discovery, the inventor is closely cooperated with domestic authoritative scientific research institutions, industrial design institutions, head enterprises of international and domestic related industries and the like, timely masters the latest international dynamic trend, concentrates all efforts, focuses on the zero-carbon-emission biomass energy efficient clean utilization technology for replacing fossil energy, and carries out original scientific research and development, new technology and new product process technology.

In recent years, the inventor obtains a plurality of major technical breakthroughs in the new technical fields of developing new materials, such as low-carbon zero-carbon cement building materials, calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate and the like, new technologies, new products coping with climate change, realizing carbon peak-reaching carbon neutralization and the like by replacing fossil energy technologies with biomass energy in an efficient and clean manner, particularly applying the most advanced mature biomass energy technology to the related fields of calcium carbonate to replace fossil energy, and forming one of a series of major original technical achievements.

The invention relates to industrialized carbon capture and permanent CO sequestration by using carbonate industrial products₂The implementation range of the negative carbon emission process technology is not limited to the production of light calcium carbonate, namely a carbonate product, and the technical method can be widely applied to the technical fields of various carbonate industrial negative carbon emission and zero-carbon and low-carbon emission, such as various products of cement, white cement, lithium carbonate and the like, after being subjected to adaptive improvement. Therefore, the following examples of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can make modifications or variations without departing from the technical scope of the present invention, such as the production of various carbonate products such as calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate and tricalcium silicate and other portland cement products by using the technology of the present invention, i.e. all the biomass energy sources are used to replace fossil energy sources (regardless of the substitution rate or whether biomass gasification technology or biomass fuel industrial direct combustion technology is used) and CO is used in the production of light calcium carbonate according to the present invention₂The collection and utilization technology integrates the two technologies (including the carbon capture and utilization technology and the industrialized sequestration technology of the CCUS) into a new technology, so as to achieve the purpose and effect of industrialized negative carbon emission, and the scope of the invention is covered by the invention of the technology.

The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: and 10000t/a light calcium carbonate produced annually by using biomass energy instead of fossil energy is used as an embodiment for negative carbon emission.

1. The production process design:

(1) production capacity: 10000 ton/year, production time: 300 days/year, production safety guarantee coefficient: 1.15, daily productivity: 33.33 tons/day, considering the safety factor of 38.33 tons/day, 1.6 tons/hour;

(2) the production method comprises the following steps: direct combustion of GaCO by using vertical kiln biomass wood chips₃A production process of an intermittent bubble carbonization tower;

(3) each workerThe process yield is as follows: calcining limestone: considering the factors of over-burning and under-burning of limestone, the conversion rate of the limestone is 95 percent, and GaCO in the limestone₃The content is 97 percent, the loss in the calcining and conveying process is 3 percent, and the total yield in the process is 95 percent multiplied by 97 percent and 89.31 percent;

the yield of slaked lime and refined hydrated lime is 98 percent;

and (3) carbonation process: usually CO₂Feeding in excess, wherein 99% of lime refined emulsion can be taken as complete reaction;

and (3) post-treatment procedures such as product dehydration and drying: centrifugally dewatering, and removing about 1-2% of calcium carbonate along with filtrate, wherein the part can be returned to a digester for recycling, and the yield of the part is considered to be 99%; the drying yield is 99%; the operation yield of screening, packaging and the like is 99 percent, and the total yield of the light calcium carbonate is as follows: 89.31% × 93% × 99% × 99% × 99% × 84.08%.

(4) Consumption of raw materials: limestone ore consumption: 38.33/84.08% ═ 45.59 ton/day, 1.90 ton/hour limestone calcination material measured as 38.33t/d, lime kiln feed: limestone 16 ÷ 0.8263 ÷ 19.36kmol/h ═ 1936kg/h, where: GaCO₃Content 97%, 1877.92kg/h MgCO₃Content 1.2%, 23.23kg/H, H₂The O content is 0.5 percent and 9.68kg/h, and the impurity contents of FE, Mn, Al and the like are 1.3 percent and 25.17 kg/h.

(5) Biomass fuel consumption: the heat value of the mixed wood biomass briquette fuel or the high-quality biomass particle briquette fuel is 3000-4000 kilocalories, the limestone calcination of the embodiment uses the biomass fuel to be directly combusted (biomass pyrolysis gasification biomass gas can be used for calcination), the drying process uses the biomass pyrolysis gas, the biomass fuel is calculated by 30% of the feeding amount of the limestone, the drying process is equivalent to the biomass consumption of the calcination process, and the two processes are 1936 × 0.30, 580.80kg/h and 2428766208kg/a in total, wherein:

low calorific value 16302KJ/Kg

(6) And (3) quicklime yield: the CaO amount is 19.36 × 0.97 × 0.95 × 56 ═ 999.05kg/h, the unreacted calcium carbonate ore amount is estimated to be 19.36 × 0.97 × 0.05 × 100 ═ 93.1kg/h, the MgO amount is 23.23 ÷ 84 × 40 ÷ 11.06kg/h, the total impurity by-product amount is 25.17+18.59 ═ 43.76kg/h, and the quick lime discharge amount G is 999.05+93.1+11.06+43.76 ═ 1147.77 kg/h.

(7)CO₂Production amount: CaCO₃CO obtained by decomposition₂Quantity: 1936/100 × 0.97 × 0.95 × 44 ═ 784.97kg/h, prepared from MgCO₃CO obtained by decomposition₂Quantity: 23.23/84 × 44 is 12.17kg/h, and according to experience, the CO content is about 1.7% of the kiln gas amount, the CO content is 39kg/h, and the CO is consumed₂Amount 39 ÷ (consumption 2 × 28) × 44 × 2 ═ 61.28kg/h, substance C consumption: 39 ÷ (2 × 28) × 12 × 2 ═ 16.72kg/h, 21.90kg/h calculated by biomass ash accounting for 8% of the total carbon content of the biomass, and CO produced by the biomass₂Quantity: (273.79-16.72-21.90) ÷ 12 × 44 ═ 862.29kg/h, this example was not metered due to the presence of byproducts of the calcination process, and the biomass CO actually produced was not present in the amount₂The amount is slightly less than the data;

CO-generation of CO₂Total amount: sigma CO₂At 784.97+12.17+862.29-61.28 at 1598.15kg/h, the present example was not metered due to the presence of byproducts of the calcination process, and actually produced CO₂The total amount is slightly less than the data.

2. Negative carbon emission estimation of the embodiment:

to ensure that the carbonation process proceeded smoothly, this example employed an excess of CO₂Production Process, CO₂Besides reacting with slaked lime fine milk to produce light calcium carbonate target product, it also reacts with water, calcium carbonate and other carbonates to produce various carbon-containing compounds and mixtures.

In the course of producing light calcium carbonate, the by-products are respectively made up by using solid inert carbonate, liquid hydrocarbon material, carbohydrate tar, wood vinegar, lignin (black liquor) and gas CO_2、CH₄And CO and the like and the subsequent emission form of greenhouse gases are distributed in each productionIn links and environments: such as CaCO₃、H₂CO₃、CaMg(CO₃)₂、FeCO₃、MnCO₃、Na2CO₃、Ca(HCO)、Ca(Fe,Mg,Mn)(CO₃)₂And the like.

The annual negative carbon emission of this example is estimated as follows:

(1) dissipation was estimated as 2%: sigma CO₂＝1598.15×24×300×2％＝230133.60kg/a

(2) CO dissipation was estimated at about 1.42% by mass: 230133.60 ÷ 0.35 × 1.42% ═ 9336.84kg/a

The sum of the carbon elements contained is converted into CO₂Equivalent indirectly scavenged CO from the atmosphere₂The amount of indirect purging cannot be estimated since the present embodiment does not monitor the associated byproduct data.

(6)BECCU CO₂Discharging_SourceProduction of_Source-capturing_SourceLess than or equal to-5969017.56 kg/a, i.e. BECCU CO in this example₂Discharging_SourceThe annual negative carbon emission is not less than 5969017.56 kg.

Claims

1. A process for utilizing industrial negative-carbon-emission biomass energy by BECCU technique features that the biomass energy is used to replace fossil energy such as coal, fuel oil, gas and their derivatives to produce light calcium carbonate (precipitated calcium carbonate).

2. A technical BECCU method for utilizing industrial negative Carbon emission biomass energy is technically characterized in that biomass energy replaces fossil energy coal, fuel oil, fuel gas and derived energy to produce light calcium carbonate, Carbon dioxide in light calcium carbonate production is collected and utilized by the prior art to Capture biomass energy Carbon, and negative Carbon emission of zero-Carbon biomass energy Utilization is realized by utilizing BECCU or BioCCU Bioass-energy With Carbon Capture and Utilization.

3. A technical BECCU method for utilizing industrial negative Carbon emission biomass energy is technically characterized in that the biomass energy replaces fossil energy coal, fuel oil, fuel gas and derived energy to produce light calcium carbonate, Carbon dioxide generated in the light calcium carbonate industrial production is collected and utilized by utilizing the prior art, Carbon Capture and Utilization are carried out, Carbon dioxide generated in the light calcium carbonate industrial production is sealed in precipitated calcium carbonate industrial products and byproducts thereof, the Carbon Capture and the long-term or permanent industrial product sealing of the Carbon dioxide sealed in the CCUS Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage are realized, namely, the Carbon dioxide is sealed by the industrial products and the byproducts permanently or the long-term Carbon, and the negative Carbon emission of zero-Carbon biomass energy Utilization is realized.

4. The industrial negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technology BECCU method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calcium carbonate calcination process replaces fossil energy coal, fuel oil, fuel gas and derived energy with internationally recognized zero-carbon biomass energy and formed fuel to realize zero-carbon emission of the energy source category of the calcination process.

5. The BECCU method for the industrialized negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technology according to claim 1, wherein the precipitated calcium carbonate drying and heating technology replaces fossil energy coal, fuel oil, fuel gas and derived energy to supply heat by internationally recognized zero-carbon biomass energy secondary energy biomass pyrolysis gas, or replaces fossil energy to supply heat by direct combustion of biomass briquette fuel, so as to realize zero-carbon emission of the energy source type of the drying and heating technology.

6. The method for utilizing the industrial negative carbon emission biomass energy source BECCU according to claim 2, is characterized in that the existing technology and device are fully utilized for collecting and utilizing the carbon dioxide in the production of the light calcium carbonate, the existing technology and device are adaptively modified, and the carbon dioxide generated by the two production processes, namely the limestone calcining process and the precipitated calcium carbonate drying process, is collected and utilized together for recycling.

7. The BECCU method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the collected carbon dioxide used in the production of precipitated calcium carbonate includes not only carbon dioxide generated by the calcination and drying of biomass energy source type, but also carbon dioxide generated by the calcination and decomposition of limestone in the raw material source type of the calcination process, and carbon dioxide generated by the energy source type and the raw material source type in the industrial production process are recycled.

8. The BECCU method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the industrial products and by-products produced by precipitated calcium carbonate industry are used for long-term and permanent sequestration of carbon dioxide, and the by-products include all the by-product process wastes produced by the precipitated calcium carbonate industry from limestone ore to the full-flow industrial production of the final product, including inert carbonates such as calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate and tar, pyroligneous liquor, solid, liquid and gaseous non-greenhouse gas precursor stable substances which will not naturally form greenhouse gas emissions in a long term, but not CO unstable gases and methane greenhouse gases emitted by the light calcium carbonate industry, and which are likely to form subsequent greenhouse gas emissions or greenhouse gases emitted in a short and immediate period, must be deducted from the carbon dioxide inventory.

9. The industrial negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technology BECCU method as claimed in claim 2 and claim 3, wherein the negative carbon emission of zero carbon biomass energy utilization is realized by the carbon dioxide capture and utilization of industrial processes and industrial product and byproduct carbon dioxide sequestration process, and the estimation model of the negative carbon emission is BECCU CO₂Discharging_SourceProduction of_Source-capturing_Source。

10. The method for the industrial negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technique BECCU according to claim 9, wherein the method for developing the industrial negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technique BECCU and the related technical standards according to the zero carbon biomass energy utilization negative carbon emission technique BECCU and the model for estimating the amount of negative carbon emission thereof is developed, and any person other than the applicant must be informed by the applicant or developed together with the applicant based on or using the method for developing the industrial negative carbon emission biomass energy utilization technique BECCU and the related technical standards of the present invention.