CN1632145A - Process for sintering and infiltration preparation of tungsten chrome-copper composite materials - Google Patents
Process for sintering and infiltration preparation of tungsten chrome-copper composite materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN1632145A CN1632145A CN 200410073475 CN200410073475A CN1632145A CN 1632145 A CN1632145 A CN 1632145A CN 200410073475 CN200410073475 CN 200410073475 CN 200410073475 A CN200410073475 A CN 200410073475A CN 1632145 A CN1632145 A CN 1632145A
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Abstract
A process for sintering and infiltration preparation of tungsten chrome-copper composite materials consisting of (based on weight percentage, wherein the total weight percentage of all components is 100%) 32-50% of tungsten, 11-23% of chromium and 27-57% of copper Comprises the following steps: mixing tungsten powder and chromium powder, granulating the mixture and pressing it into blanks, sintering and infiltrating copper solution therein, obtaining the final product through a homogenization treatment and a aging treatment. For the process for manufacturing, the process is easy to control, the prepared tungsten chromium-copper composite material has stable organizing and performances, high density, low oxygen content, well situated hardness, high electric conduction and excellent dynamoelectric all-round properties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of making tungsten chrome-copper composite materials, relate in particular to a kind of sintering and infiltration method of making tungsten chrome-copper composite materials.
Background technology
The method of making tungsten chrome-copper composite materials at present is a powder metallurgic method, and in this method, the reduction temperature of chromium powder is low, reduce insufficiently, cause material oxygen level height, in this way the tungsten chrome-copper composite materials of Zhi Zaoing, density is low, and the material mesoporosity is many, influences the hardness and the electric conductivity of material.
Summary of the invention
Low in order to solve the tungsten chrome-copper composite materials density that powder metallurgic method makes, hyperoxic shortcoming, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of process for sintering and infiltration of making tungsten chrome-copper composite materials, the tungsten chrome-copper composite materials of Zhi Zaoing in this way, homogeneous microstructure, excellent property, manufacturing process are easy to control.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: tungsten chrome-copper composite materials is composed of the following components by weight percentage: tungsten 32%～50%, and chromium 11%～23%, copper 27%～57%, the weight sum of each component is 100%, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) get tungsten powder 32%～50% by weight percentage, particle diameter 4～10 μ m, chromium powder 11%～23%, particle diameter 45～100 μ m mixed powder 2～3.5 hours in mixer, make it even;
(2) uniform powder is made 1～2 millimeter powder with 6%～10% alcohol paraffin solution;
(3) powder after will granulating carries out mold pressing or the isostatic cool pressing of 200～1000mpa, makes blank;
(4) blank that suppresses is inserted in the sintering oven, under reducing atmosphere, be warming up to 600 ℃～980 ℃, reduced 40～90 minutes;
(5) vacuumize and make vacuum tightness reach 10
-2～10
-3Behind the Pa, continue to be warming up to 1200 ℃～1300 ℃, in crucible, add 27%～57% copper liquid by weight percentage, reduction sintering and infiltration copper 1.5～2.5 hours;
(6) be cooled to 200 ℃～250 ℃, the blank that bakes is come out of the stove;
(7) above-mentioned blank was handled 40～120 minutes 950 ℃～1060 ℃ following homogenizing;
(8) again 450 ℃～650 ℃ following ageing treatment 2～3 hours.
Wherein, the mixer rotating speed is 45～60 rev/mins, and being warming up to 600 ℃～980 ℃ required heat-up rates under reducing atmosphere is 18～22 ℃/minute, continues to be warming up to 12～16 ℃/minute of 1200 ℃～1300 ℃ required heat-up rates.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the sintering and infiltration method of tungsten chrome-copper composite materials of the present invention, technology are easy to control, material structure and stable performance, and the density height, oxygen level is low, and hardness is moderate, and the conductance height has good electrical and mechanical comprehensive performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure of tungsten+chromium+chromium-tungsten solid solution+copper of obtaining of method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure figure of tungsten+chromium+chromium-tungsten solid solution+copper of obtaining of method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure figure of tungsten+chromium+chromium-tungsten solid solution+copper of obtaining of method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the metallographic structure figure of tungsten+tungsten chromium solid solution+copper of obtaining of method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the metallographic structure figure of tungsten+tungsten chromium solid solution+copper of obtaining of method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by example the present invention is elaborated.
Embodiment 1
(1) get tungsten powder 50% by weight percentage, particle diameter 4～10 μ m, chromium powder 11%, particle diameter 45～100 μ m mixed powder 2 hours in mixer, make it even, and the mixer rotating speed is 60 rev/mins;
(2) uniform powder is made 1～2 millimeter powder with 8% alcohol paraffin solution;
(3) powder after will granulating carries out mold pressing, and pressure 460Mpa makes blank;
(4) blank that suppresses is inserted in the sintering oven, be warming up to 650 ℃ under reducing atmosphere, reduced 40 minutes, heat-up rate is 18 ℃/minute;
(5) be evacuated to 1.5 * 10
-3During Pa, continue to be warming up to 1260 ℃, 12 ℃/minute of heat-up rates add 39% copper liquid, reduction sintering and infiltration copper 1.5 hours by weight percentage in crucible;
(6) be cooled to 200 ℃, the blank that bakes is come out of the stove;
(7) above-mentioned blank was handled 40 minutes 1060 ℃ of following homogenizing;
(8) again 620 ℃ of following ageing treatment 2.5 hours.
Tungsten chromium-the carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains is organized as tungsten+chromium+chromium-tungsten solid solution+copper, and Fig. 1 is seen in metallographic structure.
The performance of the tungsten chromium-carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains such as following table 1.
The salient features of table 1 tungsten 50%-chromium 11%-carbon/carbon-copper composite material
Conductance hardness density contains O
2Amount shut off value remarks
IACS％ HB g/cm
3 ppm A
11.9 302 12.3 78 1.3
Embodiment 2
(1) get tungsten powder 32% by weight percentage, particle diameter 4～10 μ m, chromium powder 23%, particle diameter 45～100 μ m mixed powder 3.5 hours in mixer, make it even, and the mixer rotating speed is 45 rev/mins;
(2) uniform powder is made 1～2 millimeter powder with 6% alcohol paraffin solution;
(3) powder after will granulating carries out isostatic cool pressing, and pressure 300Mpa makes blank;
(4) blank that suppresses is inserted in the sintering oven, be warming up to 980 ℃ under reducing atmosphere, reduced 90 minutes, heat-up rate is 22 ℃/minute;
(5) be evacuated to 2.5 * 10
-2During Pa, continue to be warming up to 1300 ℃, 16 ℃/minute of heat-up rates add 45% copper liquid, reduction sintering and infiltration copper 2.5 hours by weight percentage in crucible;
(6) be cooled to 250 ℃, the blank that bakes is come out of the stove;
(7) above-mentioned blank was handled 120 minutes 950 ℃ of following homogenizing;
(8) again 450 ℃ of following ageing treatment 3 hours.
Tungsten chromium-the carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains is organized as tungsten+chromium+chromium-tungsten solid solution+copper, and Fig. 2 is seen in metallographic structure.
The performance of the tungsten chromium-carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains such as following table 2.
The salient features of table 2 tungsten 32%-chromium 23%-carbon/carbon-copper composite material
Conductance hardness density contains O
2Amount shut off value remarks
IACS HB g/cm
3 ppm A
％
6.8 321 10.1 105 1.9
Embodiment 3
(1) get tungsten powder 50% by weight percentage, particle diameter 4～10 μ m, chromium powder 23%, particle diameter 45～100 μ m mixed powder 3 hours in mixer, make it even, and the mixer rotating speed is 55 rev/mins;
(2) uniform powder is made 1～2 millimeter powder with 8% alcohol paraffin solution;
(3) powder after will granulating carries out mold pressing, and pressure 580MPa makes blank;
(4) blank that suppresses is inserted in the sintering oven, be warming up to 600 ℃ under reducing atmosphere, reduced 80 minutes, heat-up rate is 20 ℃/minute;
(5) be evacuated to 3.2 * 10
-3During Pa, continue to be warming up to 1200 ℃, 14 ℃/minute of heat-up rates add 27% copper liquid, reduction sintering and infiltration copper 2 hours by weight percentage in crucible;
(6) be cooled to 220 ℃, the blank that bakes is come out of the stove;
(7) above-mentioned blank was handled 100 minutes 1000 ℃ of following homogenizing;
(8) again 500 ℃ of following ageing treatment 2 hours.
Tungsten chromium-the carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains is organized as tungsten+chromium+chromium-tungsten solid solution+copper, and Fig. 3 is seen in metallographic structure.
The performance of the tungsten chromium-carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains such as following table 3.
The salient features of table 3 tungsten 50%-chromium 23%-carbon/carbon-copper composite material
Conductance hardness density contains O
2Amount shut off value remarks
IACS％ HB g/cm
3 ppm A
8.2 316 11.6 86 1.5
Embodiment 4
(1) get tungsten powder 32% by weight percentage, particle diameter 4～10 μ m, chromium powder 11%, particle diameter 45～100 μ m mixed powder 2.5 hours in mixer, make it even, and the mixer rotating speed is 50 rev/mins;
(2) uniform powder is made 1～2 millimeter powder with 10% alcohol paraffin solution;
(3) powder after will granulating carries out isostatic cool pressing, and pressure 230MPa makes blank;
(4) blank that suppresses is inserted in the sintering oven, be warming up to 800 ℃ under reducing atmosphere, reduced 60 minutes, heat-up rate is 19 ℃/minute;
(5) be evacuated to 5.0 * 10
-3During Pa, continue to be warming up to 1230 ℃, 15 ℃/minute of heat-up rates add 57% copper liquid, reduction sintering and infiltration copper 2 hours by weight percentage in crucible;
(6) be cooled to 240 ℃, the blank that bakes is come out of the stove;
(7) above-mentioned blank was handled 60 minutes 1050 ℃ of following homogenizing;
(8) again 650 ℃ of following ageing treatment 3 hours.
Tungsten chromium-the carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains is organized as tungsten+tungsten chromium solid solution+copper, and Fig. 4 is seen in metallographic structure.
The performance of the tungsten chromium-carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains such as following table 4.
The salient features of table 4 tungsten 32%-chromium 11%-carbon/carbon-copper composite material
Conductance hardness density contains O
2Amount shut off value remarks
IACS％ HB g/cm
3 ppm A
12.3 296 10.6 73 1.3
Embodiment 5
(1) get tungsten powder 40% by weight percentage, particle diameter 4～10 μ m, chromium powder 15%, particle diameter 45～100 μ m mixed powder 2.5 hours in mixer, make it even, and the mixer rotating speed is 50 rev/mins;
(2) uniform powder is made 1～2 millimeter powder with 8.6% alcohol paraffin solution;
(3) powder after will granulating carries out isostatic cool pressing, and pressure 300Mpa makes blank;
(4) blank that suppresses is inserted in the sintering oven, be warming up to 700 ℃ under reducing atmosphere, reduced 50 minutes, heat-up rate is 21 ℃/minute;
(5) be evacuated to 2.6 * 10
-3During Pa, continue to be warming up to 1280 ℃, 13 ℃/minute of heat-up rates add 45% copper liquid, reduction sintering and infiltration copper 2 hours by weight percentage in crucible;
(6) be cooled to 210 ℃, the blank that bakes is come out of the stove;
(7) above-mentioned blank was handled 80 minutes 980 ℃ of following homogenizing;
(8) again 550 ℃ of following ageing treatment 2 hours.
Tungsten chromium-the carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains is organized as tungsten+tungsten chromium solid solution+copper, and Fig. 5 is seen in metallographic structure.
The performance of the tungsten chromium-carbon/carbon-copper composite material that obtains such as following table 5.
The salient features of table 5 tungsten 40%-chromium 15%-carbon/carbon-copper composite material
Conductance hardness density contains O
2Amount shut off value remarks
IACS％ HB g/cm
3 ppm A
11.1 310 10.8 72 1.7
Claims (4)
1. a process for sintering and infiltration of making tungsten chrome-copper composite materials is characterized in that, tungsten chrome-copper composite materials is composed of the following components by weight percentage: tungsten 32%～50%, chromium 11%～23%, copper 27%～57%, the weight sum of each component is 100%, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) get tungsten powder 32%～50% by weight percentage, particle diameter 4～10 μ m, chromium powder 11%～23%, particle diameter 45～100 μ m mixed powder 2～3.5 hours in mixer, make it even;
(2) uniform powder is made 1～2 millimeter powder with 6%～10% alcohol paraffin solution;
(3) powder after will granulating carries out mold pressing or the isostatic cool pressing of 200～1000mpa, makes blank;
(4) blank that suppresses is inserted in the sintering oven, under reducing atmosphere, be warming up to 600 ℃～980 ℃, reduced 40～90 minutes;
(5) vacuumize make vacuum tightness reach 10-2～10-3Pa after, continue to be warming up to 1200 ℃～1300 ℃, in crucible, add 27%～57% copper liquid by weight percentage, reduction sintering and infiltration copper 1.5～2.5 hours;
(6) be cooled to 200 ℃～250 ℃, the blank that bakes is come out of the stove;
(7) above-mentioned blank was handled 40～120 minutes 950 ℃～1060 ℃ following homogenizing;
(8) again 450 ℃～650 ℃ following ageing treatment 2～3 hours.
2. the process for sintering and infiltration of manufacturing tungsten chrome-copper composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the mixer rotating speed is 45～60 rev/mins.
3. the process for sintering and infiltration of manufacturing tungsten chrome-copper composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said to be warming up to 600 ℃～980 ℃ required heat-up rates under reducing atmosphere be 18～22 ℃/minute;
4. the process for sintering and infiltration of manufacturing tungsten chrome-copper composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that, saidly continues to be warming up to 12～16 ℃/minute of 1200 ℃～1300 ℃ required heat-up rates.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101798643A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-08-11 | 西安理工大学 | Tungsten-copper alloy prepared from copper-cerium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101838765A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-09-22 | 北京天龙钨钼科技有限公司 | Copper-infiltrated furnace for preparing tungsten-copper compound material |
| CN102312146A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-01-11 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of CuW70 contact material |
| CN102358920A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-02-22 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuWCr composite material in consumable electrode arc-melting furnace |
| CN103409676A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-27 | 河南理工大学 | Method for improving heat conductivity of tungsten copper alloy |
| CN108746644A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-11-06 | 陕西中天火箭技术股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of copper-chromium contact material |
-
2004
- 2004-12-27 CN CN 200410073475 patent/CN1285747C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101798643A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-08-11 | 西安理工大学 | Tungsten-copper alloy prepared from copper-cerium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101798643B (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-06-01 | 西安理工大学 | Tungsten-copper alloy prepared from copper-cerium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN101838765A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2010-09-22 | 北京天龙钨钼科技有限公司 | Copper-infiltrated furnace for preparing tungsten-copper compound material |
| CN101838765B (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2012-08-22 | 北京天龙钨钼科技有限公司 | Copper-infiltrated furnace for preparing tungsten-copper compound material |
| CN102312146A (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2012-01-11 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of CuW70 contact material |
| CN102312146B (en) * | 2011-08-05 | 2013-07-03 | 西安理工大学 | Preparation method of CuW70 contact material |
| CN102358920A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-02-22 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuWCr composite material in consumable electrode arc-melting furnace |
| CN102358920B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-07-02 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuWCr composite material in consumable electrode arc-melting furnace |
| CN103409676A (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2013-11-27 | 河南理工大学 | Method for improving heat conductivity of tungsten copper alloy |
| CN108746644A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-11-06 | 陕西中天火箭技术股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of copper-chromium contact material |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1285747C (en) | 2006-11-22 |
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