CN1631970A - Starch base organic-inorganic composite water-retaining agent and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Starch base organic-inorganic composite water-retaining agent and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1631970A CN1631970A CN 200310121061 CN200310121061A CN1631970A CN 1631970 A CN1631970 A CN 1631970A CN 200310121061 CN200310121061 CN 200310121061 CN 200310121061 A CN200310121061 A CN 200310121061A CN 1631970 A CN1631970 A CN 1631970A
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Abstract
Disclosed are a starch group organic-inorganic compound water keeping agent and its preparing method. With the initiator existing, starch, acrylamide, is made into water keeping agent through graft copolymerization, it has the water absorption 500-1000 times of biodegradation, 60-100 times of absorption to Nacl solution (0.9%). Its advantage is that the cost of water keeping agent has been reduced remarkably, with good biodegradation performance, it can be applied in weatern soil with high salt and alkaline, agricultural, forestry droughty areas as well as other fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of starch base organic-inorganic composite water retaining agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Water-holding agent has obtained application in a lot of fields, but the water-holding agent cost of using at present is higher, and salt tolerant alkalescence is relatively poor, has limited its widespread use at aspects such as agricultural, gardening.Water-holding agent comes branch to mainly contain three major types such as starch based, cellulose family and acrylic acid or the like by raw material sources at present.The starch based water-holding agent generally has higher water-intake rate, but its shortcoming is that salt tolerant alkalescence is relatively poor, and gel-strength is poor, and work-ing life is shorter in actual applications.Chinese patent CN1359974 adopts acrylamide and potassium acrylate copolymerization, composite additive is kaolin and wilkinite, prepare high-hydroscopicity composite resin P (AM-KAA) KB, but its shortcoming is that inorganic additives is that knot is attached in the network structure of polymkeric substance in the compound resin, a little less than the gel-strength of the matrix material that its gel-strength obviously exists in the mode of graft copolymerization than mineral filler and organic monomer.Lanzhou Inst. of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences selects for use the cheap inorganic clay-Attapulgite with salt tolerance to prepare novel organic-inorganic compound water retaining agent (Chinese patent with vinylformic acid, vinylformic acid and acrylic amide graft copolymerization respectively, application number 03120346.9), its water-intake rate in distilled water and physiological saline is greatly enhanced.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of have higher water absorption can especially lower-cost organic-inorganic composite water retaining agent and preparation method thereof.
The present invention realizes by following measure:
In order further to reduce cost, we have selected cheap biodegradable natural polymer-starch and acrylamide/Attapulgite copolymerization for use, make moderate progress aspect the composite absorbent material over-all properties further reducing cost and improve in the hope of making water-absorbing material.
Adopt cheap attapulgite, starch and acrylamide main raw material as compound water retaining agent, add initiator and linking agent, in the aqueous solution, make water preservation through graft copolymerization, crosslinked, basic hydrolysis, washing, drying, operation such as pulverize, sieve.
Starch is a kind of hydrophilic natural macromolecule, with its raw material as the preparation high water absorbency polymer, has low-cost and biodegradable advantage.Attapulgite is a kind of zeopan mineral of chain layer structure, and is abundant at China's reserves, cheap.There is a large amount of wetting ability silicon hydroxyls in the acidifying attapulgite's surface, not only can with vinyl monomer (as acrylamide etc.) effectively graft copolymerization prepare the composite water conservation material, and can strengthen the gel-strength of composite water absorbing agent, form have high-hydroscopicity can the agent of organic and inorganic composite water absorbing.In the Attapulgite chain layer the required trace element of various crop such as potassium, iron etc. are arranged simultaneously, when being applied to farming, forestry, not only can bring into play the inherent effect of water-holding agent institute, and can play the effect of nutrition.
A kind of organic-inorganic composite water retaining agent is characterized in that the raw materials in part by weight of water-holding agent is: 100 parts of acrylamides, starch 20-100 part, attapulgite 20-60 part, initiator 0.5-2.0 part, linking agent 0.02-0.5 part; Linking agent is selected from formaldehyde or N, N ' methylene-bisacrylamide; Initiator is selected from ceric ammonium nitrate, ammonium persulphate or Potassium Persulphate.
We are selected from W-Gum or yam starch starch of the present invention.
A kind of preparation method of organic-inorganic composite water retaining agent is characterized in that taking by weighing 100 parts of acrylamides according to parts by weight starch 20-100 part, attapulgite 20-60 part, initiator 0.5-2.0 part, linking agent 0.02-0.5 part is carried out acidification and pulverizing earlier with attapulgite; Starch adds entry 50-100 ℃ of following gelatinization 20 minutes-1 hour, add Attapulgite, acrylamide, linking agent and initiator then, be warming up to 40-90 ℃ of reaction after 3-5 hour, add alkali lye then and be warming up to 90-100 ℃ of reaction 1-3 hour that is hydrolyzed, reaction product is through washing, crushed after being dried.
The attapulgite that we adopt is selecting and purchasing and getting from natural crystal, and particle diameter is below the 0.05mm.
Attapulgite carries out in the acidification process, and we adopt sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
In the hydrolysis reaction, the alkali that uses is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: owing to used cheap attapulgite and starch, make compound water retaining agent have low-cost and biodegradable advantage simultaneously.This compound water retaining agent has higher suction and salt solution rate.The quality multiple that its dry absorbs distilled water is 500-1500, and the quality multiple that absorbs 0.9%NaCl solution is 60-100.Compound water retaining agent preparation technology is simple, is convenient to scale operation.Various trace elements is arranged in the attapulgite, can be made for thing and absorb.This compound water retaining agent is after complete failure, and attapulgite also can strengthen soil aggregate, effectively keeps soil from packing together.Simultaneously, the starch fully biodegradable can not pollute soil.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Use the salt acid soak after 24 hours natural attapulgite, 120 ℃ dry to constant weight, standby after pulverizing.With the mixture of 1.2 gram W-Gums and distilled water 95 ℃ of following gelatinizations after 30 minutes, be cooled to 40 ℃, the mixture that adds 0.5 gram attapulgite, 3.5 gram acrylamides, 0.05 gram initiator, 0.0016 gram linking agent and 20mL distilled water under the vigorous stirring is warming up to 50-70 ℃ and kept 3-5 hour.Be warming up to 95 ℃ then, add the sodium hydroxide solution 4mL of 5M, kept 1 hour.Product is dried to constant weight under 70 ℃, pulverize, cross 40 order mesh screens.The every gram of product is inhaled distilled water 831 grams, inhales 0.9%NaCl solution 65 grams, and color and luster is faint yellow.
Embodiment 2:
Use the salt acid soak after 24 hours natural attapulgite, 120 ℃ dry to constant weight, standby after pulverizing.With the mixture of 1.2 gram W-Gums and distilled water 95 ℃ of following gelatinizations after 50 minutes, be cooled to 40 ℃, the mixture that adds 0.5 gram attapulgite, 3.5 gram acrylamides, 0.08 gram initiator, 0.0011 gram linking agent and 30mL distilled water under the vigorous stirring is warming up to 50-70 ℃ and kept 3-5 hour.Be warming up to 95 ℃ then, add the potassium hydroxide solution 4mL of 5M, kept 1 hour.Product is dried to constant weight under 70 ℃, pulverize, cross 40 order mesh screens.The every gram of product is inhaled distilled water 1121 grams, inhales 0.9%NaCl solution 92 grams, and color and luster is faint yellow.
Embodiment 3:
Use the salt acid soak after 24 hours natural attapulgite, 120 ℃ dry to constant weight, standby after pulverizing.With the mixture of 1.2 gram yam starchs and distilled water 95 ℃ of following gelatinizations after 30 minutes, be cooled to 40 ℃, the mixture that adds 1.2 gram attapulgites, 3.5 gram acrylamides, 0.09 gram initiator, 0.0012 gram linking agent and 40mL distilled water under the vigorous stirring is warming up to 50-70 ℃ and kept 3-5 hour.Be warming up to 95 ℃ then, add the potassium hydroxide solution 4mL of 5M, kept 1 hour.Product is dried to constant weight under 70 ℃, pulverize, cross 40 order mesh screens.The every gram of product is inhaled distilled water 1318 grams, inhales 0.9%NaCl solution 95 grams, and color and luster is faint yellow.
Embodiment 4:
Use the salt acid soak after 24 hours natural attapulgite, 120 ℃ dry to constant weight, standby after pulverizing.With the mixture of 1.2 gram yam starchs and distilled water 95 ℃ of following gelatinizations after 30 minutes, be cooled to 40 ℃, the mixture that adds 3.2 gram attapulgites, 3.5 gram acrylamides, 0.12 gram initiator, 0.0016 gram linking agent and 40mL distilled water under the vigorous stirring is warming up to 50-70 ℃ and kept 3-5 hour.Be warming up to 95 ℃ then, add the potassium hydroxide solution 4mL of 5M, kept 1 hour.Product is dried to constant weight under 70 ℃, pulverize, cross 40 order mesh screens.The every gram of product is inhaled distilled water 1076 grams, inhales 0.9%NaCl solution 81 grams, and color and luster is faint yellow.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of organic-inorganic composite water retaining agent is characterized in that the raw materials in part by weight of water-holding agent is: 100 parts of acrylamides, starch 20-100 part, attapulgite 20-60 part, initiator 0.5-2.0 part, linking agent 0.02-0.5 part; Linking agent is selected from formaldehyde or N, N ' methylene-bisacrylamide; Initiator is selected from ceric ammonium nitrate, ammonium persulphate or Potassium Persulphate.
2, water-holding agent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that starch is W-Gum or yam starch.
3, the preparation method of water-holding agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that taking by weighing 100 parts of acrylamides according to parts by weight starch 20-100 part, attapulgite 20-60 part, initiator 0.5-2.0 part, linking agent 0.02-0.5 part is carried out acidification and pulverizing earlier with attapulgite; Starch adds entry 50-100 ℃ of following gelatinization 20 minutes-1 hour, add Attapulgite, acrylamide, linking agent and initiator then, be warming up to 40-90 ℃ of reaction after 3-5 hour, add alkali lye then and be warming up to 90-100 ℃ of reaction 1-3 hour that is hydrolyzed, reaction product is through washing, crushed after being dried.
4, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that attapulgite is selecting and purchasing and getting from natural crystal, and particle diameter is below the 0.05mm.
5, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that attapulgite carries out in the acidification process, adopts sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.
6, method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that in the hydrolysis reaction, and the alkali that uses is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310121061 CN1631970A (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2003-12-24 | Starch base organic-inorganic composite water-retaining agent and method for preparing same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310121061 CN1631970A (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2003-12-24 | Starch base organic-inorganic composite water-retaining agent and method for preparing same |
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| CN1631970A true CN1631970A (en) | 2005-06-29 |
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| CN 200310121061 Pending CN1631970A (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2003-12-24 | Starch base organic-inorganic composite water-retaining agent and method for preparing same |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101665698B (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2011-06-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Attapulgite clay composite liquid sand fixation material and method for preparing same |
| CN101624272B (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2011-12-07 | 同济大学 | Slurry shield through slurry applicable to sandy soil layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102372892A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-14 | 上海众伟生化有限公司 | Starch grafting acrylic acid compound water-retaining agent and production method thereof |
| CN102617807A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 西北师范大学 | Preparation method of salt resistant composite water retention material |
| CN107699246A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-16 | 唐宏泉 | A kind of environment protection type soil water-loss reducer and its preparation technology |
| CN107880895A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-06 | 信阳师范学院 | It is a kind of using low-grade magma soil as water-keeping material of primary raw material and preparation method thereof |
-
2003
- 2003-12-24 CN CN 200310121061 patent/CN1631970A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101624272B (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2011-12-07 | 同济大学 | Slurry shield through slurry applicable to sandy soil layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101665698B (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2011-06-29 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Attapulgite clay composite liquid sand fixation material and method for preparing same |
| CN102372892A (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2012-03-14 | 上海众伟生化有限公司 | Starch grafting acrylic acid compound water-retaining agent and production method thereof |
| CN102372892B (en) * | 2010-08-17 | 2013-04-10 | 上海众伟生化有限公司 | Starch grafting acrylic acid compound water-retaining agent and production method thereof |
| CN102617807A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 西北师范大学 | Preparation method of salt resistant composite water retention material |
| CN107699246A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-16 | 唐宏泉 | A kind of environment protection type soil water-loss reducer and its preparation technology |
| CN107880895A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-06 | 信阳师范学院 | It is a kind of using low-grade magma soil as water-keeping material of primary raw material and preparation method thereof |
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