CN1631952A

CN1631952A - Nano-micron foam plastic mixed polymer fertilizer adhesive coating agent preparation method

Info

Publication number: CN1631952A
Application number: CNA2004100884776A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张夫道; 姚春松; 王玉军; 张建峰; 刘秀梅; 肖强; 冯兆滨
Original assignee: SOIL AND FERTILIZER INST CHINE
Current assignee: SOIL AND FERTILIZER INST CHINE
Priority date: 2004-11-03
Filing date: 2004-11-03
Publication date: 2005-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 2024-11-03
Also published as: CN1279095C

Abstract

The invention uses the waste PS foamed plastic as the raw material, micro emulsification, inhomogeneous coagulate and high shearing technologies to prepare nm-submicron size foamed plastic organic compound sticker mixed polymer, which can be applied in cementing agent of cementated fertilizer and enveloping agent of deserted land fertilizer as well as for stabilizing sand and keeping water agent in advancing deserted land.

Description

Production method of nano-submicron foamed plastic mixed polymer fertilizer cementing coating agent

The present invention belongs to the field of agriculture and ecological environment.

In urban and rural domestic garbage, waste plastics become white pollution, and are known to people. In recent years, in order to save wood, foamed plastics become main packing box materials, and waste foamed materials seen in the market comprise PS (polystyrene), PE (polyethylene), PU (polyurethane), PP and PVC (polyvinyl chloride), but the waste foamed materials are mainly PS (polystyrene) as packing box materials, so that the waste foamed materials are difficult to treat due to small mass ratio, large volume and inconvenient transportation; and due to heat of incinerationLarge amount (calorific value up to 10500 kcal.kg)^-1) The incinerator is easy to damage, the smoke pollutes the environment, and the plastic incinerator has been built in the Beijing city, so that the plastic incinerator has to be moved because the taking off and landing of the airplane in an airport are influenced.

The invention aims to process polystyrene foam waste which is a packing box material with small mass proportion, large volume and difficult treatment into a nano-submicron waste foam mixed polymer with economic and use values, and the polystyrene foam mixed polymer is used as a cementing coating agent of a slow/controlled release fertilizer.

The principle of the invention is that the waste polystyrene foam plastics are dissolved, emulsified and mixed with organic compound fertilizer granulation adhesive CF2 in proportion, and then the mixture is subjected to high shearing (3 ten thousand r/min) to obtain the nano-submicron waste foam plastics-granulation adhesive mixed polymer, which is called nano-submicron PS plastics-CF 2 mixed polymer for short.

Detailed description of the invention

1. The process flow is shown in figure 1

2. Main process route

2.1. Dissolving foam plastics

(1) Removing impurities from waste foamed plastics, washing, pulverizing

Although the foamed plastic is massive, the foamed plastic is mixed in household garbage, so the foamed plastic is firstly sorted, soil on the foamed plastic is washed by water and dried in the air, and then the soil is crushed into particles by a chain type crusher.

(2) Dissolving with solvent

Adding a mixed solution of ethyl acetate and No. 200 solvent oil into a reaction kettle at a mass ratio of 1: 1, slowly adding the crushed foam plastic, and dissolving 60-65 kg of the foam plastic in 100kg of mixed organic solvent at normal temperature (20-35 ℃). And standing for 8-12 hours, and continuously dissolving some particles wrapped in the plastic solution.

2.2. Preparation of foam plastic emulsifier

Adding deionized water into a reaction kettle, opening circulating hot water for heating, starting a stirrer, slowly adding sorbitan oleate polyoxyethylene ether with the mass percentage of 10-15% and keeping the temperature at 40-50 ℃. After the mixture is completely dissolved, adding 5-7% of fatty alcohol-polyethylene (7) ether by mass percent; adding coconut diethanolamide in 4-5 wt%; after dissolving, adding 4-5% of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether; after all the materials are dissolved, the temperature is reduced to be below 40 ℃, and EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid) is added, wherein the mass percentage is 0.1%. Stirring is continued until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.0-7.5 by using dilute sulfuric acid. Adding anhydrous sodium sulfate with the mass percent of 0.5%, cooling to normal temperature and barreling after completely dissolving.

2.3. Preparation of foam emulsionsolution

After the foam plastic is dissolved and released, adding a foam plastic emulsifier with the addition amount of 15-25% of the mass of the plastic solution, starting a stirrer (because the viscosity of the plastic solution is high, a power switch is turned on for a plurality of times and then continuously stirring is carried out), changing the color of the solution from gray to milky white, indicating complete emulsification, and generating the foam plastic emulsion.

2.4. Production of organic compound fertilizer granulation binder

(see the inventor's patent application No. 02123522.8, publication No. CN1390812A, filed on 7/2/2002)

The production process of the granulation binder comprises the following 5 steps:

(1) preparation of polyvinyl formal

Dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water in a reaction kettle with a stirrer, carrying out condensation reaction on the polyvinyl alcohol and formaldehyde under an acidic condition to obtain the product, and reacting the excessive formaldehyde and urea to generate hydroxymethyl urea.

The specific operation is as follows: completely dissolving polyvinyl alcohol at the temperature of 90-95 ℃, cooling to 50-55 ℃, adding hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to adjust the pH value to about 2, adding diluted formaldehyde aqueous solution, reacting at the temperature of about 50 ℃ for 45-50 min, then heating to the temperature of about 75 ℃, continuing to react for 45-50 min, cooling to 60 ℃, adding NaOH aqueous solution to neutralize to pH 7.0.

The dosage of raw materials is as follows: 100kg of polyvinyl alcohol, 40-50 kg of formaldehyde (40%), 1000kg of water, HCl and NaOH which are used for adjusting pH, and urea which is used for neutralizing redundant formaldehyde, wherein the using amount is determined according to needs.

(2) Preparation of hydroxymethylated polyacrylamide

The hydroxymethylation reaction of polyacrylamide and formaldehyde is carried out under the alkaline condition (pH 8-10). In actual operation, the pH of the polyacrylamide solution is adjusted to 10.2, formaldehyde is added, the mixture is stirred for 2 to 3 hours at about 30 ℃, and then HCl is used for adjusting the pH to 7.5.

The dosage of raw materials is as follows: 20kg of polyacrylamide (molecular weight is 400-600 ten thousand), 1000kg of water, 50-60 kg of formaldehyde, and NaOH and HCl for adjusting pH, wherein the dosage is determined according to needs.

(3) Preparation of crosslinked starch

Under the condition that an aldehyde compound is used as a cross-linking agent, the starch undergoes a cross-linking reaction.

Dispersing potato starch into slurry by using cold water in a reaction kettle provided with a stirrer, adjusting the pH to 2.0-3.0 by using dilute sulfuric acid, heating to 90-95 ℃ for gelatinization for 1h, cooling to normal temperature, adding 40% of industrial formaldehyde solution, stirring for 30-40 min for preliminary crosslinking reaction, heating to about 50 ℃, continuing the reaction for 2h, and adjusting the pH to about 7 by using NaOH or ammonia water.

The dosage of raw materials is as follows: 120-150 kg of potato starch, 1000kg of water, 8-12 kg of 40% formaldehyde and H₂SO₄And NaOH is used for adjusting the pH value, and the dosage is determined according to the requirement.

(4) The three products are mixed according to the proportion (5: 3: 2), and are emulsified by Amway brand new multipurpose concentrated cleaning agent (produced by Anli company in America, original name is Anli Amway, a monopoly store is arranged in Weigoncun of Beijing city), the dosage is 5-10% of the mass of the solution, and the high molecular granulation adhesive CF2 is generated.

2.5. Preparation of nano-submicron waste foam-granulation adhesive mixed polymer (PS plastics-CF 2)

Respectively adding OP-10 (dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether) with the mass percentage of 5-10% into the PS foamed plastic emulsion and the granulation binder, respectively stirring uniformly, fully mixing the two emulsion solutions in a reaction kettle according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, putting the mixture into a high-shear device (see the patent application of 02123522.8 filed by the inventor in 2002, 7, 2 and 3 kr/min for 5-10 minutes, and obtaining the nano-submicron PS plastic-CF 2 mixed polymer. Used as slow release fertilizer cementing agent or coating cementing agent.

2.6 methods of use

(1) Method of use as a consolidating agent

Adding water to dilute until the content of the PS plastic-CF 2 mixed polymer is 1% -2%, and using the PS plastic-CF 2 mixed polymer as a slow-release fertilizer cementing agent, wherein the dosage of the PS plastic-CF 2 mixed polymer is 10-15 kg of mother liquor per t of dry-based fertilizer.

(2) Application method of coating agent

Adding water to dilute until the content of the PS plastic-CF 2 mixed polymer is 5% -8%, and using the PS plastic-CF 2 mixed polymer as a slow-release fertilizer coating agent with the dosage of 10-15 kg of mother liquor per t of dry-based fertilizer.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the waste and difficultly treated foam plastics are used for producing nano-submicron waste foam plastic mixed polymer which is used for cementing coating agent of slow release fertilizer, thus not only reducing environmental pollution, but also preparing novel material with economic and use value.

2. The mixed polymer can be used as a cementing (binding) agent of a cementing type slow-release fertilizer and can also be used as a coating agent of a coating type slow-release fertilizer.

3. Due to the small size and surface interface effect of the nanometer material, the nanometer-submicron foamed plastic mixed polymer has colloid property and becomes a part of soil colloid in soil, and the pollution problem does not exist.

4. The components of the granulating binder in the mixed polymer are polyvinyl formal, hydroxymethylated polyacrylamide and crosslinked starch, and the granulating binder has the effects of improving the soil structure and preserving the soil moisture.

Claims

1. A process for preparing the nano-submicron foam plastics mixture includes such steps as preparing the emulsified solution of waste PS foam plastics, and mixing it with granulating adhesive.

2. The method for producing a nano-submicron order foamed plastic mixed polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation of the waste PS foamed plastic emulsified solution is that PS foamed plastic is dissolved in a mixed solution of ethyl acetate and 200 # solvent oil in a mass ratio of 1: 1, and a foamed plastic emulsifier with a mass of 15% -25% of that of the PS foamed plastic dissolved solution is added for emulsification to form a PS foamed plastic emulsified solution; the preparation method of the foam plastic emulsifier comprises the steps of adding 10-15%of sorbitan oleate polyoxyethylene ether into 45-50 ℃ water under the stirring condition, sequentially adding 5-7% of fatty alcohol polyethylene (7) ether, 4-5% of coconut diethanolamide and 4-5% of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether after completely dissolving, cooling to below 40 ℃ after completely dissolving, adding 0.1% of EDTA (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid), completely dissolving and uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to 7.0-7.5 by using dilute sulfuric acid, adding 0.5% of anhydrous sodium sulfate by mass ratio, and completely dissolving to obtain the emulsifier for PS foam plastic.

3. The method for producing the nano-submicron order foamed plastic mixed polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that OP-10 with the mass percent of 5-10% is respectively added into the PS foamed plastic emulsion and the granulation binder CF2, and after the mixture is uniformly stirred, the two emulsion solutions are fully and uniformly stirred and mixed in a reaction kettle according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, and then the mixture is added into a high shearing device, and is sheared for 5-10 minutes at the speed of 3 ten thousand r/min, so as to obtain the nano-submicron order PS foamed plastic mixed polymer fertilizer cementing coating agent.