CN1624172A - Push rod heat treatment resistance furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

A push bar type electric resistance furnace for heat treatment of workpieces is composed of refractory bottom, material pushing unit, front and back doors, front and back charging floors, front and back door plates, casing, liner, working chamber, fan, electrically heating elements, moving track and charging platform. It features that the furnace body is incined by alpha angle, so the workpieces can be directly pushed forward.

Description

Push rod type resistor furnace for heat treatment

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of metallic substance Equipment for Heating Processing, particularly a kind of push rod type resistor furnace for heat treatment is used for metallic substance thermal treatment field.

Background technology

The push-down resistance furnace is a kind of resistance furnace of working continuously of pulsation, is applicable to the batch process of middle-size and small-size component, and suitable thermal treatment process has gas cementation, carbonitriding, bright quenching, tempering and annealing etc.

Find by prior art documents, " the thermal treatment handbook third edition the 3rd volume (June calendar year 2001, China Machine Press published) P177～185 are described for thermal treatment specialty branch of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society volume, pusher furnace relies on the push rod machine to push in the stove and release outside the stove being placed on furnace charge (or charging tray) on the track with gap, and charging tray is carried on the horizontal high temperature steel track of settling on the refractory brick furnace bottom in the stove.Workpiece is static relatively in burner hearth run time.Come out of the stove when quenching, have plenty of charging tray and topple over, furnace charge is poured out; Having plenty of workpiece comes out of the stove together with charging tray or enters the quenching tank internal cooling.Present this type of furnace primary structure by refractory-lined ovens at the bottom of, pusher, draw material mechanism, fire door (containing hoisting appliance), furnace shell, furnace lining, furnace platform, working spaces (as carburizing chamber, diffuser casing, fore-cooling room and Cooling Quenching chamber etc.), fan, electrical heating element, moving track, blanking platform etc. to form, necessary fiery curtain, the explosion trap of also installing additional.Bright annealing oven is not provided with the quench cooled chamber.Its input and output material is all by the pusher of suitable power or draw material mechanism to be finished (as the maximum thrust of large-scale through push rod furnace push rod and the maximum pull of pull bar are respectively 6000 kilograms and 3000 kilograms).This pusher draws the cost of material mechanism quite high.Charging tray weight is generally 10～15% of workpiece weight simultaneously, and this will cause thermo-efficiency to reduce.The life-span of charging tray is an also some months generally, and obviously increase fund expends and cost.In addition, the return mechanism of charging tray need occupy very big workshop area.Above several respects problem has limited further applying of push-down resistance furnace.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of push rod type resistor furnace for heat treatment is provided, makes it improve furnace thermal efficiency, save energy, reduce production site and the reduction fund expends and cost, thereby reach purpose energy-conservation, easy and simple to handle and that reduce labor intensity.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: at the bottom of the refractory-lined ovens, pusher, fire door, furnace shell, furnace lining, furnace platform, working spaces, fan, electrical heating element, moving track, blanking platform.Specifically be improved to: with at the bottom of the refractory-lined ovens of push-down resistance furnace with horizontal direction tilt alpha angle, moving track or drop-bottom also tilt alpha angle are provided with.In order to carry out the reliability of this connection, corresponding requirements fire door, furnace shell, furnace lining, working spaces's structural adjustment.Before and after stove door plant keep vertical with horizontal terrace, but all tilt (90 °-α) angle with the body of heater of furnace shell, furnace lining composition.Furnace platform before and after changing, preceding furnace platform by former 90 ° of right angles change into (90 °+α), back furnace platform by former 90 ° of right angles change into (90 °-α), simultaneously before and after fire door below and furnace platform fit angle also do corresponding change.Furnace shell is different with common heat treatment furnace, parallelogram, the acute angle angle be (90 °-α).

Furnace lining is built by laying bricks or stones with generally heat treatment furnace is identical in furnace shell, but furnace lining installs back and horizontal direction tilt alpha angle at the push-down heat treatment furnace.Furnace lining feed inlet and outlet two ends employing typing suitable for reading refractory brick.Thermopair patchhole, fan placement hole, heating radiator tube placement hole on the body of heater, when placing in horizontal direction (be furnace shell body of heater) and vertical direction tilt alpha angle before the push-down heat treatment furnace is installed, but the push-down heat treatment furnace back (being furnace shell body of heater and horizontal direction tilt alpha angle) is installed and vertical direction consistent.

The working spaces also is oblique arrangement thereupon.Electrical heating element can adopt radiator tube or volution nichrome wire, resistive band, moves down distortion in the time of should preventing to heat when adopting nichrome wire or resistive band.In addition, pusher etc. tilts to install to form the pulsation automation line.

In order to guarantee that workpiece is postponed reach successively along moving track or drop-bottom, do not stir, the maximum inclination angle θ of moving track or drop-bottom is determined by the height h of workpiece center of gravity O and the tangent value of work mounting s size H calculating:

$\mathrm{\θ}=\arctan \left(\frac{2h}{H}\right)$

When the angle of inclination of moving track or drop-bottom is that (during α＜θ), making workpiece be pushed away the impellent F that needs when advancing successively on moving track or drop-bottom can try to achieve from following formula α

F＝fGcosα

G is a workpiece weight in the formula, and f is the sassafras coefficient that rubs between workpiece and moving track or the drop-bottom.This power is provided by pusher.

Tilt angle alpha is generally got 0～45 °, is good with 30 ° often.

The angle that tilts with moving track (or drop-bottom) at the bottom of the refractory-lined ovens is relevant with factors such as workpiece shape, weight, workpiece bottom surface supporting area sizes, when spending, designed inclination angle notices that workpiece can not slide voluntarily, as long as pusher adds little power at feed end, just can make workpiece promote to advance.Like this, the power of pusher can greatly reduce.As long as adopt the pusher of simple structure, its manufacturing cost can reduce significantly.

The present invention adopts the pusher of simple structure to replace original heavy, pusher at high price, and has saved and drawn material mechanism, reduces the investment of equipment.The present invention is directed to production in enormous quantities parts particular case and can not adopt the charging tray charging method, allow workpiece promote successively, reduce stove thermosteresis about 10% so approximately, energy-saving effect is remarkable, reduces the cost of making charging tray simultaneously.This workpiece promotes investment and the floor space that frame mode also can greatly reduce the charging tray return mechanism successively.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 structural representation of the present invention

Fig. 2 fundamental diagram of the present invention

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention includes: at the bottom of the refractory-lined ovens 1, pusher 2, preceding fire door 3, preceding furnace platform 4, preceding stove door plant 5, furnace shell 6, furnace lining 7, back furnace platform 8, working spaces 9, fan 10, electrical heating element 11, back stove door plant 12, back fire door 13, moving track 14, blanking platform 15.1 is provided with horizontal direction tilt alpha angle at the bottom of the refractory-lined ovens, and moving track 14 or drop-bottom also tilt alpha angle are provided with.Tilt angle alpha, 0＜α≤45 ° are preferably 30 °.

Furnace shell 6 is welded by steel plate and angle steel, parallelogram, the acute angle angle be (90 °-α).Front and back stove door plant 5 and 12 usefulness screws connect with furnace shell, all to same direction tilt alpha angle.The building method of furnace bottom 1 and furnace lining 7 is similar to general heat treatment furnace, and that builds by laying bricks or stones at last borders on input and output material two ends, position employing typing suitable for reading refractory brick with stove door plant.After furnace bottom 1 and furnace lining 7 are built by laying bricks or stones and are finished, installed with the tilt alpha angle, at this moment just constituted naturally at the bottom of the refractory-lined ovens of the present invention 1 with horizontal direction inclination certain angle α, high temperature steel moving track 14 correspondingly or drop-bottom are also by the installation of tilt alpha angle simultaneously.Thermopair seat, fan base and heating are being installed with radiation base (when the employing radiator tube is made electrical heating element) on the body of heater that furnace shell 6 and furnace lining 7 formed, and bore corresponding thermopair patchhole, fan placement hole and radiation pore, they are vertical with horizontal direction, but tilt with furnace lining 7 (90 °-α) angle are used to install fan 10, electrical heating element 11.Before and after stove door plant 5,12 keep vertical with horizontal terrace, but all tilt (90 °-α) angle with the body of heater of furnace shell 6, furnace lining 7 compositions.Before furnace platform 4 by former 90 ° of right angles change into (90 °+α), back furnace platform 8 by former 90 ° of right angles change into (90 °-α), furnace platform 4 and 8 before and after installing, moving track 14, fire door 3 and 13 (containing fire door lifting gear, lifting gear seat) before and after installing, thermopair, fan, radiator tube (when adopting radiator tube to make electrical heating element) are installed, when adopting volution nichrome wire or resistive band, should be taken measures to prevent to move down distortion after volution nichrome wire or resistive band are heated.The distribution of working spaces 9 (as carburizing chamber, diffuser casing, fore-cooling room etc.) and horizontal direction tilt alpha angle are provided with, and cooperate and the simple structure pusher 2 of horizontal direction tilt alpha angle arrangement and the production line of working continuously that blanking platform 15 just can constitute a pulsation.

The push-down heat treatment furnace is worked continuously after production line installs, and is adjusted under the working order.Handle workpiece and be placed on the preceding furnace platform 4, fire door 3 before opening, the pusher 2 slight workpiece that promote, workpiece moves up into working spaces 9 before being pushed away successively on the moving track 14 of tilt alpha angle, stand heat treatment process.Heat-processed finishes, and opens back fire door 13, moves up into blanking platform 15 before workpiece is pushed away successively, goes immediately to cool off or hardening step.

The present invention mixes carburizing or nitriding atmosphere supply system, and test and Controlling System etc. can constitute the carburizing of pulsation or the nitriding production line of working continuously.

Claims (5)

1. A pusher type resistance furnace for heat treatment, comprising: a refractory furnace bottom (1), a pushing mechanism (2), a front furnace door (3), a front furnace plate (4), a front furnace door panel (5), a furnace shell (6), furnace lining (7), rear furnace table (8), working room (9), fan (10), electric heating element (11), rear furnace door panel (12), rear furnace door (13), moving track ( 14), the unloading platform (15), is characterized in that, the drawing mechanism is omitted, the refractory furnace bottom (1) is set at an angle α inclined to the horizontal direction, the moving track (14) or the furnace bottom plate is also set at an angle α inclined, and the furnace lining ( 7) Both ends of the inlet and outlet are made of shaped refractory bricks. The furnace shell (6) and the furnace lining (7) form the furnace body. The furnace body is equipped with thermocouple insertion holes, fan placement holes, and radiant tube placement holes for heating. Vertical to the horizontal direction, but inclined at an angle of 90°-α to the furnace lining (7), used to install the fan (10), electric heating element (11), the front and rear furnace door panels (5, 12) are kept perpendicular to the horizontal floor, but to the furnace shell (6), the furnace body composed of lining (7) is inclined at an angle of 90°-α, the front platen (4) is changed from the original 90° right angle to 90°+α, and the rear platen (8) is changed from the original 90° right angle It is 90°-α, and the working chamber (9), the pushing mechanism (2) and the horizontal direction are set at an angle of α. 2. The pusher type resistance furnace for heat treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, for the inclination angle α, 0<α≤45°. 3. The pusher type resistance furnace for heat treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that, the inclination angle α is further limited to 30° 4. The push rod heat treatment resistance furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the furnace shell (6) is welded by steel plate and angle steel, and is in the shape of a parallelogram with an acute angle of 90°-α, and the front and rear furnace door panels (5 , 12) Connect with the furnace shell (6) with screws, and all incline to the same direction at an angle of α. 5. The push-rod resistance furnace for heat treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric heating element (11) adopts a radiant tube or a spiral electric heating wire or resistance band to prevent downward deformation during heating.

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