CN1618561A - Magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method - Google Patents
Magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1618561A CN1618561A CN 200410089271 CN200410089271A CN1618561A CN 1618561 A CN1618561 A CN 1618561A CN 200410089271 CN200410089271 CN 200410089271 CN 200410089271 A CN200410089271 A CN 200410089271A CN 1618561 A CN1618561 A CN 1618561A
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Abstract
A technology for the build-up welding of SiC+Al on the surface of Mg alloy includes abrasing the surface of Mg-alloy workpiece for removing oxide, flushing with alcohol, drying in air, coating the mixture of SiC particles, Al particles and adhesive, baking, and tungsten arc build-up welding under protection of inertial gas. Its advantages are high hardness and antiwear-anticorrosion nature of welded surface and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Mg alloy surface remelting overlaying method, specifically is a kind of magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method, is used for welding technology field.
Background technology
The proportion of magnesium and magnesium alloy is lighter, and magnesium alloy specific strength and specific stiffness height, heat-conductivity conducting be good, have good damping shock absorption and capability of electromagnetic shielding concurrently, be easy to machine-shaping simultaneously, waste material easily reclaims, low in the pollution of the environment, the iron and steel and the aluminum alloy junction member that can replace industries such as aviation, communications and transportation, thereby weight reduction improve the using energy source benefit.But the hardness of magnesium alloy is lower, and wearability is relatively poor, and chemical property is active, and is not corrosion-resistant, and this has also greatly limited its range of application.Ceramic material can be used as the face coat of workpiece, to improve the hardness and the wearability of surface of the work.At present, the method that is used for coating of magnesium alloy surface has: anodic oxidation, vapour deposition, differential arc oxidation, ion inject, electron beam cladding and laser melting coating etc.Above technology is improved hardness, wearability and the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy to some extent, but because modified layer and Mg alloy surface poor bonding strength or thin thickness, the use subsequently causes to be peeled off or wears away, and loses its protective effect in the use easily.And the application of said method also is subjected to the restriction of certain condition, as lower sedimentation rate, need the vacuum-tight chamber and to requirement of workpiece surface roughness etc.
Find through literature search prior art; people such as Han Xiayun roll up o. 11th in " material protection " November the 35th in 2002: " magnesium and the Mg alloy surface zincincation " delivered on the 31-33; introduced in this article a kind of on magnesium and magnesium alloy substrate electrogalvanizing carry out the method for surface modification treatment, technological process is: sample → polishing → dehydrogenation → electrochemical deoiling → washing → pickling → wash → activate → wash → soak zinc → washing → electrogalvanizing → washing → passivation → washing → drying.But zinc content has material impact to plating solution performance and quality of coating, and zinc is higher, and current efficiency improves, but dispersibility and covering power reduction, the cusped edge position coating of complicated part is coarse, occurs male and female face easily; Zinc content is on the low side, and dispersibility is better, but deposition velocity is slow.When not containing additive in the plating bath, plating out what come is black, loose sponge deposit.Therefore, have only the additive of employing just can improve coating outward appearance and characteristic.And current density is bigger to the adhesion influence of coating, and under higher current density, deposition velocity is very fast, but adhesion is relatively poor.Under lower current density, deposition velocity is slower, but good bonding strength.In addition, temperature is also bigger to the influence of coating.When temperature is low, the plating bath poor electric conductivity, additive absorption is strong, the desorption difficulty.This moment, additive was mingled with if can cause edge regions to burn with high current density, and coating fragility increases bubbling; When temperature was high, a little less than the additive absorption, polarization reduced, and is easy to generate male and female face.The hardness of zinc coat is about 80HV, compares with magnesium alloy substrate, and hardness improves not obvious, and hardness does not still reach requirement for general structural material.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art; a kind of magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method is provided; by apply certain thickness SiC+Al mixed powder at Mg alloy surface; carry out inert gas shielding tungsten electrode arc built-up welding remelting then; make the SiC particle embed magnesium alloy matrix surface; and Al can strengthen the decay resistance of magnesium alloy effectively as alloying element, thereby increases hardness, wearability and the corrosion resistance of Mg alloy surface.Use the present invention can be, and equipment needed thereby be simple, is easy to comprehensive operation effectively with above-mentioned triple function (improving case hardness, wearability and corrosion resistance) combination, greatly reduce production cost, simplify processing technology, reduced labour intensity, improved production efficiency.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and method step is as follows:
(1), removes oxide, again with the alcohol flushing, at air drying with the magnesium alloy work-piece surface sand papering.
(2) according to actual needs, SiC and Al powder are pressed variable grain degree and different volumes mix the back than SiC/Al and add binding agent, stir, make coating material.
(3) coating material for preparing is coated in magnesium alloy work-piece surface equably, the magnesium alloy workpiece that will have coating then is placed on air dry in the air or is placed in 100-150 ℃ the heat-treatment furnace and dries.
(4) magnesium alloy work-piece surface with coating being carried out inert gas shielding tungsten electrode arc built-up welding remelting handles; according in the different-thickness of workpiece and the reality to different requirement of built-up welding fusion penetration and different coating layer thicknesses; regulate welding current; speed of welding and welding gun angle (angle on welding gun and plane, weld seam place); select protective gas and protection throughput, select the tungsten electrode diameter for use.
Described coating material, by the mixed powder that SiC and Al form, wherein, the mixed volume ratio of SiC and Al is: SiC: Al is 1: 5-1: between 2.In the coating material of the present invention's preparation, the granularity of used SiC and Al generally is controlled at 7 μ m-100 μ m.Used binding agent is meant the low temperature bonding agent, and as polyvinyl butyral resin or the like, the coating layer thickness of coating material is between 0.1-1.0mm.
The magnesium alloy work-piece surface that scribbles coating material is carried out the built-up welding remelting to be handled; according to the requirement different in the different-thickness of workpiece and the reality to the built-up welding fusion penetration; the welding current scope is controlled at 60-200A; welding gun angle (angle on welding gun and plane, weld seam place) scope is controlled between 50-90 °; speed of welding is controlled at 5-15mm/s; the tungsten electrode diameter is between F1.6-2.2mm, and the protection throughput is 5-15L/min, and the fusion penetration layer thickness is 0.5-2mm.Adopt pulse argon arc welding machine as the source of welding current, employed welding current is interchange, and welding method is automatically with manual dual-purpose.
Described protective gas adopts inert gas, is the mist of argon gas, helium or argon gas and helium.
The present invention takes into full account interactional characteristic between aluminium and carborundum and the parent metal, as resolvability, the possibility that forms compound, wetability etc.; The influence of the thing relative hardness that consideration forms in the built-up welding reflow zone, wearability, corrosion resistance etc.; Consider the fastness of metallurgical binding between surface alloying layer and matrix, and the fragility of alloy-layer, resistance to compression, performance such as counter-bending.Following mentioned above principle formulates the built-up welding remelting processing and comprise: the formulation of the apolegamy of coating material composition, coating material addition manner, built-up welding remelting welding condition are determined etc., finally reach control Mg alloy surface alloying quality, improve magnesium alloy parts top layer mechanics and chemical property, realized technical purpose of the present invention.
The present invention has the following advantages: 1) Zhi Bei built-up welding remelting surface modification alloy-layer has good hardness, wearability, corrosion resistance, is between modified alloy layer and the magnesium alloy substrate metallurgical binding closely to be difficult for the phenomenon that produces crack of surface layer or peel off.2) adopt pulse argon arc welding machine as the source of welding current, use welding current, promptly can adopt manual operations, can realize automation mechanized operation again for exchanging.3) technological design is reasonable, and welding condition is easy to control, and is simple to operate, not limited by spatial dimension, can realize comprehensive built-up welding remelting, can be widely used in the industrial production.4) can prepare according to actual needs the coating material of different proportion and different-thickness coating, regulate the thickness that welding current, speed of welding and welding gun angle (angle on welding gun and plane, weld seam place) are controlled built-up welding remelted alloy layer, to satisfy different technological requirements.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Provide following examples below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the inventive method content, the device that embodiment adopts mainly comprises: tungsten argon arc welding gun 1, molten bath 2, coating material 3, fusion penetration layer thickness 4, welding heat affected zone 5, magnesium alloy workpiece 6, copper pad 7.
With magnesium alloy workpiece 6 surface sand paperings, remove oxide, again with the alcohol flushing, at air drying.According to real work to the content of SiC and Al and the needs of granularity in the built-up welding remelted alloy layer, SiC and Al particle are pressed variable grain degree (7 μ m-100 μ m) and different volumes to be mixed the back than SiC/Al (1/5-1/2) and adds bonding agent, stir, make coating material.The coating material 3 for preparing is coated in magnesium alloy work-piece surface equably, and coating layer thickness is between 0.1-1.0mm.The magnesium alloy workpiece 6 that will have coating material 3 then is placed on air dry in the air or is placed in 100-150 ℃ the heat-treatment furnace and dries.The magnesium alloy workpiece 6 that will have coating material 3 is fixed on the copper pad 7, and 7 pairs of magnesium alloy workpieces 6 of copper pad play thermolysis.According in the different-thickness of magnesium alloy workpiece 6 and the reality to the different requirements and different coating material 3 coating layer thicknesses of built-up welding fusion penetration layer thickness 4; adjust the distance between suitable tungsten argon arc welding gun angle (angle between tungsten argon arc welding gun 6 and the plane, weld seam place) and welding gun tungsten electrode and the magnesium alloy workpiece 6, determine welding conditions such as speed of welding, welding current and protection throughput.The welding current scope is controlled at 60-200A, and welding gun angle (angle on welding gun and plane, weld seam place) scope is between 50-90 °, and the protection throughput is controlled at 5-15L/min, and the distance between welding gun tungsten electrode and the magnesium alloy workpiece 6 is between 0.5-3mm.After all parameter adjustment is determined, carry out welding operation.At first tungsten argon arc welding gun 1 is in magnesium alloy workpiece 6 end strikings welding, when tungsten argon arc welding gun 1 arrives magnesium alloy workpiece 6 terminal, and tungsten argon arc welding gun 1 breath arc, welding gun lifts, and finishes welding process.
Selecting thickness for use is that (specimen size is 200 * 100 * 3.6mm to 3.6mm wrought magnesium alloy AZ31B sheet material,), select for use the granularity of aluminium powder and carborundum powder to be 7 μ m, the mixed volume ratio of carborundum powder and aluminium powder is: carborundum powder: aluminium powder=1: 5, used binding agent are polyvinyl butyral resin.Carborundum powder and aluminium powder are fully mixed, add binding agent and stir, coating material is applied to the magnesium alloy work-piece surface of removing the cleaning of impurity such as oxide-film equably, coating layer thickness is 0.1mm.The argon tungsten-arc welding welding current is 60A (interchange), and the welding gun tungsten electrode diameter is F1.6mm, and speed of welding is 5mm/s, and the welding gun argon flow amount is 5L/min, and welding gun angle (angle between welding gun and the plane, weld seam place) is 50 °, adopts argon gas as protective gas.Mg alloy surface after built-up welding-remelting processing be the analysis showed that the fusion penetration layer thickness is 0.5mm, and SiC uniform particles ground embeds magnesium alloy matrix surface, and microhardness is 120VHN.On the anti-wear performance testing machine, carry out the surface abrasion resistance test.Adopt the hardened steel disc, 3kg pressure, rotating speed are 300 rev/mins, time spent 6000s, the alloy-layer 10 μ m that wear and tear.Mg alloy surface after built-up welding-remelting processing is immersed in the NaCl solution of 5% (mass percent), under 25 ℃ of constant temperatures, take out behind the maintenance 30min and weigh, mass loss rate is 10mg/cm
2
Embodiment 2
Selecting thickness for use is that (specimen size is 200 * 100 * 8mm) to 8mm cast magnesium alloy AZ91B sheet material, select for use the granularity of aluminium powder and carborundum powder to be 50 μ m, the mixed volume ratio of carborundum powder and aluminium powder is: carborundum powder: aluminium powder=1: 3.5, used binding agent are polyvinyl butyral resin.Carborundum powder and aluminium powder are fully mixed, add binding agent and stir, coating material is applied to the magnesium alloy work-piece surface of removing the cleaning of impurity such as oxide-film equably, coating layer thickness is 0.5mm.The argon tungsten-arc welding welding current is 130A (interchange); the welding gun tungsten electrode diameter is F2.0mm, and speed of welding is 10mm/s, and the welding gun argon flow amount is 10L/min; welding gun angle (angle between welding gun and the plane, weld seam place) is 70 °, adopts argon gas as protective gas.Mg alloy surface after built-up welding-remelting processing be the analysis showed that the fusion penetration layer thickness is 1.3mm, and SiC uniform particles ground embeds magnesium alloy matrix surface, and microhardness is 160VHN.On the anti-wear performance testing machine, carry out the surface abrasion resistance test.Adopt the hardened steel disc, 3kg pressure, rotating speed are 300 rev/mins, time spent 6000s, the alloy-layer 8 μ m that wear and tear.Mg alloy surface after built-up welding-remelting processing is immersed in the NaCl solution of 5% (mass percent), under 25 ℃ of constant temperatures, take out behind the maintenance 30min and weigh, mass loss rate is 12mg/cm
2
Selecting thickness for use is that (specimen size is 200 * 100 * 10mm) to 10mm cast magnesium alloy AM60 sheet material, select for use the granularity of aluminium powder and carborundum powder to be 100 μ m, the mixed volume ratio of carborundum powder and aluminium powder is: carborundum powder: aluminium powder=1: 2, used binding agent are polyvinyl butyral resin.Carborundum powder and aluminium powder are fully mixed, add binding agent and stir, coating material is applied to the magnesium alloy work-piece surface of removing the cleaning of impurity such as oxide-film equably, coating layer thickness is 1.0mm.The argon tungsten-arc welding welding current is 200A (interchange); the welding gun tungsten electrode diameter is F2.2mm, and speed of welding is 15mm/s, and the welding gun argon flow amount is 15L/min; welding gun angle (angle between welding gun and the plane, weld seam place) is 90 °, adopts argon gas as protective gas.Mg alloy surface after built-up welding-remelting processing be the analysis showed that the fusion penetration layer thickness is 2.0mm, and SiC uniform particles ground embeds magnesium alloy matrix surface, and microhardness is 200VHN.On the anti-wear performance testing machine, carry out the surface abrasion resistance test.Adopt the hardened steel disc, 3kg pressure, rotating speed are 300 rev/mins, time spent 6000s, the alloy-layer 6 μ m that wear and tear.Mg alloy surface after the built-up welding remelting processing is immersed in the NaCl solution of 5% (mass percent), under 25 ℃ of constant temperatures, take out behind the maintenance 30min and weigh, mass loss rate is 14mg/cm
2
Claims (7)
1, a kind of magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method is characterized in that, method step is as follows:
(1), removes oxide, again with the alcohol flushing, at air drying with the magnesium alloy work-piece surface sand papering;
(2) SiC and Al powder are mixed back adding binding agent by granularity and volume ratio SiC/Al, stir, make coating material;
(3) coating material for preparing is coated in magnesium alloy work-piece surface equably, will has the magnesium alloy workpiece oven dry of coating then;
(4) magnesium alloy work-piece surface with coating being carried out inert gas shielding tungsten electrode arc built-up welding remelting handles; according to thickness of workpiece with to the requirement and the coating layer thickness of built-up welding fusion penetration; regulate welding current; speed of welding and welding gun angle; select protective gas and protection throughput, select the tungsten electrode diameter for use.
2,1 described magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method as requested, it is characterized in that, described coating material, the mixed powder of forming by SiC and Al, wherein, the mixed volume ratio of SiC and Al is: SiC: Al is 1: 5-1: between 2, the granularity control of used SiC and Al is at 7 μ m-100 μ m, and the coating layer thickness of coating material is between 0.1-1.0mm.
3,1 described magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method as requested is characterized in that used binding agent is meant the low temperature bonding agent.
4,1 described magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method as requested; it is characterized in that; described welding current scope is controlled at 60-200A; the welding gun angular range is controlled between 50-90 °; speed of welding is controlled at 5-15mm/s; the tungsten electrode diameter is between F1.6-2.2mm, and the protection throughput is 5-15L/min, and the fusion penetration layer thickness is 0.5-2mm.
5,1 or 4 described magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method as requested is characterized in that, adopt pulse argon arc welding machine as the source of welding current, and welding current is for exchanging, and welding method be automatically and dual-purpose by hand.
6,1 described magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method as requested is characterized in that, described protective gas adopts inert gas, is the mist of argon gas, helium or argon gas and helium.
7,1 described magnesium alloy surface SiC+Al pile up welding method as requested is characterized in that, the described magnesium alloy workpiece oven dry that will have coating is to dry by being placed on air dry in the air or being placed in 100-150 ℃ the heat-treatment furnace.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101590558B (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-11-23 | 河北农业大学 | Method for preparing reaction nitrogen arc surfacing titanium carbonitride reinforced titanium based complex coating |
| CN111468801A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-31 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for planting precise pulse arc spot welding ceramic particles |
| CN113118071A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-16 | 韩艳超 | Processing apparatus before to carborundum micro-reaction board low temperature welding |
| CN113231753A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Arc surfacing welding friction stir composite welding method for dissimilar metals |
-
2004
- 2004-12-09 CN CN 200410089271 patent/CN1618561A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101590558B (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2011-11-23 | 河北农业大学 | Method for preparing reaction nitrogen arc surfacing titanium carbonitride reinforced titanium based complex coating |
| CN111468801A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-31 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for planting precise pulse arc spot welding ceramic particles |
| CN113118071A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-16 | 韩艳超 | Processing apparatus before to carborundum micro-reaction board low temperature welding |
| CN113231753A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Arc surfacing welding friction stir composite welding method for dissimilar metals |
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