CN1615429A - Multi-point averaging flow meter - Google Patents

Multi-point averaging flow meter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1615429A
CN1615429A CNA038020904A CN03802090A CN1615429A CN 1615429 A CN1615429 A CN 1615429A CN A038020904 A CNA038020904 A CN A038020904A CN 03802090 A CN03802090 A CN 03802090A CN 1615429 A CN1615429 A CN 1615429A
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China
Prior art keywords
pitot tube
pressure
sensor
flow sensor
communicated
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CNA038020904A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
金基显
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SEOJIN INSTECH CO Ltd
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SEOJIN INSTECH CO Ltd
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Publication of CN1615429A publication Critical patent/CN1615429A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G01F1/46Pitot tubes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

An averaging Pitot tube flow meter (20) having a plurality of circumferentially spaced pitot heads (2) extending radially inward from an inner surface of an annular cylindrical body (1). Each pitot head includes one or more stagnation pressure holes (3) and a static pressure hole (4). A stagnation pressure header connects the stagnation pressure holes for providing an average stagnation pressure and a static pressure header connects the static pressure holes for providing an average static pressure.

Description

The multi-point average flowmeter
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to the flowmeter of a class usually said " average pitot tube (APT) flowmeter ", it is used to measure the flow rate of liquids and gases, relate in particular to a kind of novel useful flow sensing element, this element generally is used for the APT flowmeter, is used to improve measuring accuracy and structural strength.
Term definition
Pitot tube: have the concentric metallic tube of the crooked Bao Erchang of 90 degree, which is provided with a plurality of in order to measure the hole (referring to Fig. 1) of stagnation pressure and static pressure.
Average pitot tube (APT): a kind of mechanical component, its composition is: 1) straight dual cavity metal tube, which is provided with a plurality of in order to measure the holes and 2 of stagnation pressure and static pressure) be used for pressure (measured hole) is connected to the hardware (referring to Fig. 2) of pressure transducer.
Average pitot tube (APT) flowmeter: when APT was installed to fluid hose by interface hardware, it just became an average pitot tube flowmeter (referring to Fig. 3).
Background technology
Pitot tube is as the ultimate principle of velograph
The APT flowmeter is a kind of application that is called the instrument of pitot tube now, and it was used in France by Henry skin holder (Henry Pitot) first at about 1730, in order to measure the water velocity in the river.Since then, pitot tube has been used on measurement gas and liquid velocity such as the aircraft and the exhaust gas velocity of the air velocity in the wind trunk of air-conditioning system, generating plant etc.
Pitot tube is made up of a pair of thin stainless steel concentric pipe, and this concentric pipe bends to the right angle, as shown in Figure 1.Interior pipe opens wide towards flow direction, gets out two or more apertures usually around outer tube, so the static pressure on the outside surface can be passed in the annular space between the inner and outer pipes.Stagnation pressure is measured at the tip of pitot tube.These pressure are passed to pressure sensing instrument (for example manometer or electronic pressure transmitter), and it measures the difference between two pressure.Can in the base fluids mechanics, determine well to represent dynamic pressure with this difference:
Stagnation pressure-static pressure=P=dynamic pressure
It is defined as:
P=ρV 2/2g
Wherein:
ρ: fluid density
V: fluid velocity
G: gravity constant
Therefore,
V = 2 g ΔP ρ
Therefore, by knowing fluid density and measuring the local speed that just can calculate streaming flow through the pressure differential of pitot tube.
Application as the pitot tube of flowmeter
Flowmeter as a whole, pitot tube also have been used to measure the flow rate of fluid in pipe or air channel.Usually by pitot tube being crossed come local flow rate with each point on measuring from a wall to relative wall.The common needs that cross on two or more directions cover bigger cross-sectional area.Measuring speed is necessary on many points, and this is because point in arbitrary transverse cross-sectional area in pipe or air channel is different with fluid velocity between putting.Towards the centre of wall or the fluid velocity of lower higher usually, but they also are azimuthal function usually.Shown in standard pitot tube and Fig. 4 at ASME PTC 11, fan test standard (Test Code for Fans), the scheme of setting up in 1946 of crossing illustrates the two direction multi-point average methods of how using.In this example, specified the standard radial position of 20 measurement points.Can obtain the average velocity of entire cross section by the mean value of getting 20 different pressures measured values.The total flow rate in whole pipe or air channel is the product of pipe xsect and average velocity.
Average pitot tube flowmeter
Being one by the measurement of crossing the many places speed of carrying out in two or more directions bothers and time-consuming process.This method can not be advantageously used in the general industry environment, and this has caused the exploitation of average pitot tube (APT) flowmeter.APT is made up of (hydraulicallyseparated) interior pipe that two hydraulic pressure separate: chamber (plenum) and plenum chamber are pressed in the stationary point.APT flowmeter shown in Fig. 3 is equivalent to have the folk prescription of six pitot tube measuring positions to the scheme of crossing.This equipment is better than crossing the method part and is that APT passes the mounting hardware that pipe is installed, and it does not need to cross, and stagnation pressure on average obtains by pressing six single stagnation pressure assembled hydraulics in the chamber.Use the same method and obtain average static pressure.Therefore, the pressure reduction of the dynamic pressure of expression entire cross section area can be measured by the pressure in these two the pressure chambers being connected to manometer or differential pressure pickup.The APT flowmeter that is used for 3 or 4 inch diameter pipes has four or six pairs of measured holes usually, and larger-diameter pipe can have eight or more to measured hole, so that cover relatively large cross-sectional area.
The improvement that the APT flowmeter is required
Obtain the method for average velocity
The basic design code of APT flowmeter, all pick-up holes on average pitot tube on diametric(al) in line.As shown in Figure 5, if the outward appearance axis of velocity distribution is consistent with the axis of average pitot tube, the pipe of this single direction is favourable so.Yet as shown in Figure 6, if the velocity distribution axis is not in line with the axis of described pipe, the fixing directivity of APT is exactly disadvantageous so, and this is the situation in flowing in most pipes or air channel.The average velocity of Huo Deing contains relatively large error in these cases, and this error is insufficient and cause by the expression of velocity distribution.Because depend primarily on the flow state of upstream in the shape of any one locational any velocity distribution of pipe section, wherein this upstream flow state can and reduce and changes along with the increase of flow rate, therefore in fact can not select the optimal direction that is used to insert APT in advance.Therefore, the possibility that is in line of APT and any velocity distribution is much smaller than the possibility that is not in line.This observation causes such conclusion, and promptly most fluid measurements based on APT far are not optimum, also have improved space.
The ideal solution that all obtains average velocity distributions in all cases may need 12 or multisensor more, and each sensor has three or more to pick-up hole, thereby can cover any velocity field fully.
Yet this scheme will have very high flow blockage (flow blockage), and cause the high constant pressure drop that can not make us accepting, Here it is why this scheme never be used as one of reason that feasible business industry ﹠ solution proposes.
Problem in structural design and the manufacturing
The pressure survey part of APT is made up of the chamber that two hydraulic pressure separate: one is used to measure stagnation pressure, and another is used to measure static pressure.For this reason, APT is made up of the pipe that two or three weld together usually, because the thermal deformation that welding causes must revised by the process of for example thermal treatment and machine straightening afterwards.These operations can increase the expensive basic cost of basis of shaping and pipe processing.
APT is must be structurally enough strong, with withstand towing and on put forward the vibration force that causes.This requirement impels the deviser to make APT thicker than only being used for the required thickness of gaging pressure usually.In other words, the structural strength of pipe is the focus of conventional APT flowmeter.Therefore, it is desirable to eliminate this concerned issue of flowmeter by design.
Installation process
The installation of conventional APT is usually directed to open the opening in the pipe, and when the deflection angle of determining to be mounted pipe, roll angle and the angle of pitch were in prescribed limit, APT and support nozzle that factory is made were welded to (Fig. 3) on the pipe.The APT that is used for big-inch pipe requires bottom support usually, and must connect platform (weldolet) to welded tube on the pipe getting out another hole on the pipe and be welded to.This installation is time-consuming and expensive operation, and it will be simplified or eliminate.
The front has illustrated the restriction that exists at present average pitot tube flowmeter.Therefore clearly, it is favourable that the replacement method that directly overcomes the one or more restrictions of listing above is provided.Thereby, provide one to be included in the hereinafter suitable alternative of more abundant disclosed feature.
Summary of the invention
In one aspect of the invention, can finish by the pitot tube flow sensor is provided, this flow sensor comprises: circular cylinder, this circular cylinder have two internal pressure manifolds therein; With a plurality of circumferential isolated sensor body that extend internally from the inner surface radial direction of circular cylinder, each sensor has at least one stagnation pressure measured hole therein and has static pressures, the stagnation pressure measured hole is communicated with an internal pressure manifold fluid, and static pressures is communicated with another internal pressure manifold fluid.
In another aspect of the present invention, can finish by the pitot tube flow sensor is provided, this flow sensor comprises: a plurality of circumferentially spaced sensor body, these a plurality of sensor body radially extend internally, only part is towards a common ground, each sensor body has a plurality of radially spaced stagnation pressure measured holes therein and has static pressures, static pressures and stagnation pressure measured hole axially spaced-apart distribute, the mutual fluid of stagnation pressure measured hole is communicated with, and the mutual fluid of static pressures is communicated with.
Below in conjunction with being described in detail of accompanying drawing, aforesaid and other aspects will become more obvious from the present invention.
Description of drawings
The pitot tube of Fig. 1 schematic representation prior art;
The average pitot tube of Fig. 2 schematic representation prior art;
Fig. 3 schematic representation is installed in the average pitot tube of the prior art in the pipe;
Fig. 4 crosses the sketch that the method for average flow velocity is measured in the air channel by pitot tube;
Fig. 5 is the axis and the average consistent key diagram of pitot tube axis that the velocity distribution of imaginary deflection is shown;
Fig. 6 illustrates the key diagram of the velocity distribution axis of imaginary deflection transverse to the axis of average pitot tube;
Multi-point average flowmeter shown in Fig. 7 A schematic representation Fig. 7 B interconnect passage;
Fig. 7 B is the skeleton view according to multi-point average flowmeter of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the end-view of the multi-point average flowmeter shown in Fig. 7 B;
Fig. 9 is second end-view of the multi-point average flowmeter shown in Fig. 7 B;
Fig. 9 A is the cross-sectional view along 9A-9A line among Fig. 9; And
Figure 10 is mounted in the side view of two multi-point average flowmeters between the flange.
Embodiment
Multi-point average of the present invention (MPA) flowmeter 20 is a kind of like this devices, its when reducing constant pressure drop, manufacturing cost and installation cost, eliminated conventional average pitot tube flowmeter intrinsic measurement out of true.The overall arrangement of typical 4 inches MPA flowmeters 20 has been shown in Fig. 7 A and 7B.MPA flowmeter 20 has circular cylinder 1.It has six sensors or pitot tube pressure head (pitot head) 2, and each sensor all is provided with two stagnation pressure measured holes 3 and a static pressures 4.Stagnation pressure is taken a sample 12 measurement point.Shown in the sketch among Fig. 7 A, these stagnation pressures are connected to public stagnation pressure output chamber 5 by inner passage network 6, and this inner passage network 6 is machined on the flowmeter bodies 1.Similarly, six static pressures 4 are connected to common static pressure output chamber 7.Pressure in these two output chambers 5 and 7 is respectively average stagnation pressure and average static pressure, and its difference is an averaged dynamic pressure.Manometer or electronic pressure transmitter 8 are connected to these two output chambers 5 and 7, thereby measure averaged dynamic pressure.
More accurate average velocity
Compare scrambling or azimuthal orientation that stagnation pressure that the two dimension of MPA flowmeter 20 is provided with and static pressures 3,4 more can response speed distribute with the one dimension pick-up hole of conventional APT flowmeter.The setting of the pick-up hole 3,4 in the MPA flowmeter 20 is similar to and increases 8 pick-up holes (dotted line shown in the Reference numeral 30 in Fig. 8) to conventional APT flowmeter.Therefore, comparing with using conventional APT flowmeter survey, will be more accurate with the flow rate that the MPA flowmeter is measured in the uneven flow field of any two dimension.
Lower pressure drop
With reference to figure 7B and 8, each sensor 2 of MPA flowmeter is thin sheet form and is set at by this way in the body 1 that promptly it produces low-down drag and lifting force, and the result produces very low constant pressure drop.To reducing the factor that pressure drop works is that flow blockage hardware removes from the central area of the highest pipe of speed, pressure drop and speed square proportional.
Better structural design
And the natural frequency of sensor is fully removed from eddy current frequency and seismic oscillation frequency by design, and the user of MPA flowmeter needn't be concerned about that the mechanical vibration owing to sensor produce the possibility of structural damage.
Lower manufacturing cost
The main manufacture process of MPA sensor of being used to be shaped be very efficiently, the wire cutting method of numerical control, consequently greatly reduce manufacturing cost.
Simpler installation
The body 1 of MPA flowmeter is thick wafer, and it can be installed between two flanges 10 of any piping system, as shown in figure 10.Compare with conventional APT, this is a kind of simpler and timesaving installation method more, and wherein conventional APT requires to get out one or two hole on pipe, and pre-assembled nozzle squarely ground (squarely) is welded on the hole.
The narration of preferred embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, in all several accompanying drawings, wherein identical Reference numeral is indicated similar or corresponding part, especially, Fig. 6 illustrates the Typical Disposition of prior art, and the prior art is used for by will on average measuring flow rate with some static pressures of separating along some stagnation pressures that the straight pitot tube that crosses the pipe diameter installation distributes.As pointing out in aforementioned part, although this configuration is practicable, it still can not satisfy the best possible solution of the accurate measurement that is used for flow rate a little.This reason is that in fact single plug-in type pitot tube just was not enough to monitor the differential pressure of the entire cross section area that crosses pipe originally.
Secondly, end-view of the present invention shown in Figure 8, it illustrates 6 sensors 2 and 12 stagnation pressure measured holes 3.Static pressures 4 is shown in Fig. 7 B.From diagram, can know and know that the present invention can provide the covering of better cross-sectional area flow field.In body 1 inside, the interface channel that is used for stagnation pressure and static pressure schematically illustrates and is shown in Fig. 9 A at Fig. 7 A.

Claims (16)

1, a kind of pitot tube flow sensor comprises:
Circular cylinder, this circular cylinder have two internal pressure manifolds therein; With
A plurality of circumferentially spaced sensor body, this sensor body extends internally from the inner surface radial direction of circular cylinder, each sensor has at least one stagnation pressure measured hole and a static pressures therein, described stagnation pressure measured hole is communicated with an internal pressure manifold fluid, and described static pressures is communicated with another internal pressure manifold fluid.
2, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, each sensor body has a plurality of stagnation pressure measured holes therein, and described a plurality of pick-up holes are radially spaced.
3, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the circumferential distance that each sensor body is predetermined at interval with contiguous sensor body.
4, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, each sensor body extends axially.
5, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described at least one stagnation pressure measured hole is placed on the upstream face of sensor body, and described static pressures is placed in the axial downstream of described at least one stagnation pressure measured hole.
6, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described static pressures is inwardly placed towards the radial surface of sensor body.
7, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the number of sensor body is 6.
8, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, each sensor body extends radially inwardly the radius less than the inside surface of circular cylinder.
9, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, each sensor body has the rectangular shape that has circumferential extension thickness, first edge extends axially, second edge radially extends, and the 3rd edge radially extends and be axially spaced with the distance greater than sensor thickness with second edge.
10, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described at least one stagnation pressure measured hole is placed on second edge of sensor body, and described static pressures is placed on first edge of sensor body at the 3rd edge of proximity transducer body.
11, pitot tube flow sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described circular cylinder has two pressure port therein, and a pressure port is communicated with an internal pressure manifold fluid, and another pressure port is communicated with another internal pressure manifold fluid.
12, a kind of pitot tube flow sensor comprises:
A plurality of circumferentially spaced sensor body, this sensor body extends radially inwardly, only part is towards a common ground, each sensor body has a plurality of radially spaced stagnation pressure measured holes therein and has static pressures therein, described static pressures and described stagnation pressure measured hole axially spaced-apart, the mutual fluid of described stagnation pressure measured hole is communicated with, and the mutual fluid of described static pressures is communicated with.
13, a kind of flow sensor comprises:
Circular cylinder, this circular cylinder have two internal pressure manifolds and two pressure port therein, and a pressure port is communicated with an internal pressure manifold fluid, and another pressure port is communicated with another internal pressure manifold fluid; With
A plurality of circumferentially spaced pitot tube pressure heads, it is connected on the inside surface of circular cylinder, each pitot tube pressure head has a plurality of measured holes that are radially spaced therein and has static pressures therein, described stagnation pressure measured hole is communicated with an internal pressure manifold fluid, and described static pressures is communicated with another internal pressure manifold fluid.
14, flow sensor as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, each pitot tube pressure head extends radially inwardly the radius less than the inside surface of circular cylinder.
15, flow sensor as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that, the stagnation pressure measured hole in the pitot tube pressure head is positioned on first plane, and the static pressures in the pitot tube pressure head is positioned on second plane, and first plane is perpendicular to second plane.
16, a kind of flow sensor comprises:
A plurality of independently circumferentially spaced sensors, each sensor has a plurality of radially spaced stagnation pressure measured holes therein and has static pressures therein, described static pressures and described a plurality of stagnation pressure measured hole axially spaced-apart, the mutual fluid of described stagnation pressure measured hole is communicated with, and the mutual fluid of described static pressures is communicated with.
CNA038020904A 2002-01-10 2003-01-09 Multi-point averaging flow meter Pending CN1615429A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2002-0001480 2002-01-10
KR10-2002-0001480A KR100433719B1 (en) 2002-01-10 2002-01-10 Triple pitot assembly for flow measurement

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN1615429A true CN1615429A (en) 2005-05-11

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CN (1) CN1615429A (en)
AU (1) AU2003239115A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003089883A1 (en)

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CN104144752A (en) * 2012-02-13 2014-11-12 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 Monitoring of systems for internal cleaning of containers
CN106768088A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-05-31 江苏智石科技有限公司 A kind of household gas intelligent mobile monitoring system
CN107063551A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-18 北京天立成信机械电子设备有限公司 A kind of wind-force dynamic pressure harvester
CN110763278A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-07 上海权宥环保科技有限公司 Measuring method for measuring fluid medium parameters in pipeline

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CN103148978A (en) * 2013-02-04 2013-06-12 扬州大学 Even pressure sleeve for measurement of static pressure of pipeline fracture surface
US9574438B2 (en) * 2014-04-15 2017-02-21 Baker Hughes Incorporated Fluid velocity flow meter for a wellbore
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DK3333551T3 (en) 2016-12-09 2020-01-20 Lindinvent Ab GAS FLOW MEASUREMENT IN A CHANNEL
KR102627338B1 (en) * 2020-02-20 2024-01-24 충청대학교 산학협력단 Inspection device of flight instruments for pitot and static system
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CN104144752A (en) * 2012-02-13 2014-11-12 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 Monitoring of systems for internal cleaning of containers
CN104144752B (en) * 2012-02-13 2016-09-28 阿尔法拉瓦尔股份有限公司 The supervision of system for the cleaning inside of container
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CN106768088A (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-05-31 江苏智石科技有限公司 A kind of household gas intelligent mobile monitoring system
CN107063551A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-18 北京天立成信机械电子设备有限公司 A kind of wind-force dynamic pressure harvester
CN107063551B (en) * 2017-04-10 2024-02-02 北京天立成信机械电子设备有限公司 A first part seed species wind power dynamic pressure acquisition device and method for controlling the same
CN110763278A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-07 上海权宥环保科技有限公司 Measuring method for measuring fluid medium parameters in pipeline

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KR20030061108A (en) 2003-07-18
AU2003239115A1 (en) 2003-11-03
KR100433719B1 (en) 2004-05-31
WO2003089883A1 (en) 2003-10-30

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