CN1608162A - Stairway - Google Patents

Abstract

For the purpose of providing a staircase which has a lightweight structure, high efficiency in manufacturing and constructing, and creates a sense of lightness in weight, a staircase is composed with a pair of right and left stringers made of truss structural members ( 10 ), and treads ( 12 ). The truss structural members ( 10 ) are composed of the upper chord members ( 1 ) and the lower chord members ( 2 ) inclined with the slope of the staircase, and a plurality of lattice members ( 4 ) for linking the upper chord members ( 1 ) and the lower chord members ( 2 ), and between the truss structural members ( 10 ) are fixed a plurality of linking members ( 11 ) which are laid horizontally at each riser height and on which the treads ( 12 ) are fixedly supported.

Description

Stair

Technical field

The present invention relates to stair.

Background technology

In the past, the supporting form of broadstep had had various ways.Under the situation of the stair made from timber or steel, pedal is supported by cant beam (comprising disclosed in this manual cant beam) usually.The more heavy duty cant beam that must support from pedal is made of big thicker parts, under the situation of steel stair, can be channel-section steel or i shaped steel for example.

Yet, in traditional stair because cant beam not only heavily but also thick, so carry and work progress in need a lot of labours.In addition, because the length of cant beam and shape are different because of the installation requirement of the numbers of steps of stair and stair gradient etc., thereby make that making cant beam effectively becomes difficult.

For example channel-section steel or i shaped steel more greatly than heavy parts not only as stringer, and as other building structure parts; Yet, if this parts are used in full position, because of its not only heavily but also thick meeting make the people produce sense of depression, lack appearance design.

Under this background, the real fair 4-21389 communique of Japanese Utility Model communique has disclosed has the stair of simplifying surface structure, and it is arranged in pedal between the pair of right and left side framework that forms truss-like inboard.These stair comprise: the pair of right and left side framework that forms truss-like; Link between the lower edge rod member of two side frameworks of connection; Be positioned at side framework top and connect the side framework, the handrail that is arranged in parallel along the upper cord member of side framework by link; And be laid on pedal between the inboard of both sides framework.In order to prevent laterally buckling of stair, each end of each end of the upper cord member of side framework and handrail forms bandy bend respectively.

Yet the structure of these stair is as follows, and handrail self plays the effect of the structure member that keeps stair intensity; The lower edge rod member of pedal side framework supports; It is the position of handrail height that the upper cord member of side framework is positioned at the pedal top.Therefore, these stair are unsuitable for as the stair that can save handrail.For example, if these stair are built along metope, the side framework just in time is arranged in the metope next door and also is positioned at the pedal top so, destroys the attractive in appearance of stair on the contrary.In addition, because the balustrade that can relatively freely design plays a part structure member, so design is formed restriction.

In addition, in above-mentioned stair, upper cord member and handrail are provided with sweep to improve intensity; Yet this handrail is arranged along the upper cord member of left and right sides framework, makes the stair integral intensity to be improved the upper cord member that can not be connected to each other be restricted.In addition, forming sweep needs bending machining, takes a lot of work time-consuming certainly.

In addition, because sweep must be processed according to the different installation requirements of for example numbers of steps and stair gradient, be difficult so make this sweep effectively.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, problem of the present invention is, the stair that have light structures and give brisk sense are provided, and the stair with high strength and good production and construction efficient are provided.

In order to address these problems, stair of the present invention according to claim 1, be made of the pair of right and left cant beam and the pedal that utilize the trussed construction parts to form, it is characterized in that, described two trussed construction parts comprise: upper cord member that tilts along with the gradient of stair and lower edge rod member; And a plurality of lattice parts that upper cord member and lower edge rod member are coupled together.

According to these stair, the cant beam of sustain pedal is the trussed construction parts, so can make these stair form light structures.In addition, different with the heavy components of for example channel-section steel or i shaped steel, can build stair, even stair are installed in and indoorly also can produce sense of depression with brisk and open sense.

Invention according to claim 2 is stair according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described two trussed construction parts interconnect by described pedal.

According to these stair, by pedal left and right sides trussed construction parts are interconnected with one another, the result can improve the torsional rigid of stair integral body and the flexural rigidity of left and right directions, results from the distortion and the lateral wobble of stair when reducing people's stair activity greatly.

Invention according to claim 3 is stair according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described a plurality of lattice parts comprise a plurality of horizontal lattice parts according to each riser height horizontal arrangement, and described pedal by described each horizontal lattice member supporting.

According to these stair, when watching stair from the side, pedal is between upper cord member and lower edge rod member, so form succinct outward appearance.

Invention according to claim 4 is stair according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be fixed with a plurality of links at described two trussed construction parts according to each riser height horizontal arrangement, interconnecting these trussed construction parts, and described pedal is fixedly fastened on these links.

According to these stair, left and right sides trussed construction parts are joined to one another by link, as its result, the torsional rigid of whole stair and the flexural rigidity of left and right directions are improved, and have suppressed to result from when people go up downstairs the distortion or the lateral wobble of stair so greatly.

Invention according to claim 5 is stair according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described link adjacent in short transverse is interconnected with one another.

According to these stair, a plurality of links link into an integrated entity in short transverse, so at the load effect of left and right directions during in a pedal (link), this loading can be distributed on other links.Therefore, for example can suppress to result from when people go up downstairs the distortion or the lateral wobble of stair greatly.And, preferably utilize the big flat-shaped part of rigidity of left and right directions to be interconnected with one another at the adjacent described link of short transverse.By using flat-shaped part, further effectively improve the rigidity of the left and right directions of stair.

Invention according to claim 6 is according to each described stair of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, be provided with node component at described upper cord member and described lower edge rod member, and described lattice parts is connected with described node component.

According to these stair,, can build stair by making the lattice parts and being installed in upper cord member and being connected with node component in the lower edge rod member.Preferably this node component be installed in described upper cord member following or described lower edge rod member above.So just the interior shape that can not consider upper cord member and lower edge rod member is installed this node component, thereby can determine the interior shape of upper cord member and lower edge rod member as required.

Invention according to claim 7 is stair according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described node component is a column, and forms the connection groove at its external surface; Form the connection end at the two ends of described lattice parts; And be connected the end with this at this connection groove and form the notch that is bonded with each other, and be entrenched in this connection groove, can form node by this connection end is pressed into.

According to these stair, the connection end that is formed on lattice parts two ends can be pressed into and be embedded in the connection groove that is formed on the node component external surface, thereby lattice parts and node component are joined together, so build stair easily.In addition, be formed on each and connect groove and engage each other, so the lattice parts can not move axially with notch on being connected the end.

Invention according to Claim 8 is stair according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in described upper cord member and the described lower edge rod member at least one is continuous at the stair incline direction, the section bar parts that utilization has the slot part that is opened on described lattice component side form, and described node component is installed in the inside of described slot part.

According to these stair, at least one in upper cord member and the lower edge rod member is continuous in the stair direction, and node component is installed in the inside of upper cord member or lower edge rod member, so can obtain succinct outward appearance.And node component is installed in the inside of upper cord member or lower edge rod member, and the top formation opening of the following or lower edge rod member of upper cord member is so can make lattice parts connected node parts.In addition, also can the cover that stop up this opening be installed at described section bar parts.Like this, utilize cover stop up to form upper cord member and lower edge rod member the opening of section bar parts, so dust can not accumulate in the section bar components interior, and also improve aesthetic property.

Invention according to claim 9 is according to each described stair of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that described trussed construction parts are made of the framework component that is positioned at the node component on each node and adjacent node component is coupled together.

According to these stair, can constitute this trussed construction parts by connecting the framework component that a plurality of length equal distance between adjacent node, be convenient to control the length of these trussed construction parts like this.That is, form upper cord member and lower edge rod member, so, just can control their overall length only by the length (changing the degree of depth of riser height and pedal surface) or the numbers of steps of change framework component to be connected by connecting a plurality of framework components.When as spiral stairs, changing the flat shape of stair, only change along the axis direction of the vertical adjacent framework component of trussed construction parts, itself and node component are joined together.Like this, even crooked stair also can use and the straight identical framework component of stair, thereby enhance productivity.

Invention according to claim 10 is stair according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described node component is a column, and forms the connection groove at its external surface; Form the connection end at the two ends of described framework component; And form the notch that is bonded with each other at this connection groove with the described end that is connected, and be entrenched in this connection groove, can form node by this connection end is pressed into.

According to these stair, the connection end that is formed on the framework component two ends can be pressed into and be embedded in the connection groove that is formed on the node component external surface, thereby framework component and node component are coupled together, so build stair easily.In addition, be formed on each and connect groove and engage each other, so framework component can not move axially at it with notch on being connected the end.

Invention according to claim 11 is stair according to claim 9, also comprises the reinforcement of at least one layout in described upper cord member and the described lower edge rod member, and this reinforcement is fixed on the described node component more than three at least.

According to these stair, at least one in upper cord member and lower edge rod member, a plurality of node component are bonded into integral body by reinforcement, thereby can improve the flexual rigidity of these trussed construction parts direction outside face, reduce the distortion of direction outside face thus.So reduced greatly owing to act on the stair that the load on the stair left and right directions causes and rock.As a result, can save the link that connects left and right sides trussed construction parts or make it become light structures, thereby succinct outward appearance is provided.Reinforcement is designed to tabular helps its production and installation.If reinforcement is L shaped or flute profile, the succinct outward appearance of hiding the framework component that constitutes upper cord member or lower edge rod member can be provided, and have also improved vertical stiffness.

Invention according to claim 12 is according to each described stair of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, at least one side between the described lower edge rod member between the described upper cord member in the left and right sides and the left and right sides is equipped with sheet material.

According to these stair, by sheet material left and right sides trussed construction parts are become one, and suppress the shear strain on the plane that forms by these two upper cord members or lower edge rod member, go up distortion or the lateral wobble that results from stair when going downstairs so can suppress people greatly.

Invention according to claim 13 is according to each described stair of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, also comprises: the handrail that is positioned at the side end top of described pedal; The lower end is bonded on the handrail post of the described handrail of support on the described trussed construction parts.

According to these stair, above the side end of pedal, has handrail.And the bottom of handrail post that makes supporting armrests increases the similar relatively resistance that pushes over the loading of handrail to the side to the direction bending vertical with this handrail.

Invention according to claim 14 is a kind of stair, comprise: along with the pair of right and left trussed construction parts of stair gradient inclination, and be located at a plurality of pedals between described two trussed construction parts, it is characterized in that described each trussed construction parts are by constituting with the lower part: the upper chord parts with last node component of a plurality of columns that are located at the stair incline direction continuously; Lower chord parts with lower node parts of a plurality of columns that are located at the stair incline direction continuously; With the lattice parts that interconnect these upper chord parts and lower chord parts, described on each node component and lower node parts be configured in the vertical direction in truss surface of its axis and described trussed construction parts, and form a plurality of connection grooves along described axis at its external surface, the two ends of described lattice parts have the connection end that can be entrenched in the tabular in the described connection groove, one of them connection end is entrenched in the connection groove of described upward node component, another connects end and is entrenched in the connection groove of described lower node parts, the both side ends of described each pedal be fixed on respectively described side end face of going up node component and described lower node parts the side end face.

According to these stair, come the stair in the past of sustain pedal different with the heavy components of utilizing channel-section steel or i shaped steel, utilize light structures and light-duty trussed construction parts to come sustain pedal, thus open sense had, even stair are installed in and indoorly also can produce sense of depression.And, stair of the present invention, with the side end of pedal be fixed on the side end face of node component and lower node parts the side end face, so when watching these stair from the side, the side end face of pedal is positioned at the side of trussed construction parts, structure is very succinct.

In addition, each trussed construction parts interconnects this upper cord member and lower edge rod member by pedal.That is, upper cord member and lower edge rod member qualifying structure parts are formed as one securely by pedal, so the rigidity of each trussed construction parts is very high.As a result, node component and each lower node parts interconnect by pedal on each of left and right sides trussed construction parts, so can retrain the displacement and the distortion of node component and lower node parts direction outside the face on truss surface mutually.Promptly, each upper cord member of left and right sides trussed construction parts and each lower edge rod member interconnect by pedal, so can suppress the shear strain on the plane and the plane that left and right sides lower edge rod member forms of left and right sides upper cord member formation respectively, the distortion or the lateral wobble that result from stair when as a result, making people go up downstairs are very little.

And, only be entrenched in the connection groove of the external surface that is formed at each node component by the connection end that makes each the lattice parts that is processed to be entrenched in this connection groove, can realize the joint of lattice parts and each node component, when engaging, do not need welding or special tool, so application property is good.In addition, each node component is configured in its axis and the surperficial vertical direction of the truss of trussed construction parts, so the axis of the axis of each node component and lattice parts can be irrespectively often vertical with the stair gradient.That is, irrelevant with the stair gradient, as long as the connection end of lattice parts is formed on the direction with the axis normal of these lattice parts, can produce in enormous quantities, productivity is good.And the axis of each node component is configured to vertical with the truss surface, so the outer direction (stair left and right directions) of the face of trussed construction parts becomes strong direction of principal axis, from external force, the distortion of the outer direction of face, has very high intensity relatively.

Invention according to claim 15 is stair according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described upper cord member has the upper framework parts that are arranged between the adjacent described last node component of stair incline direction, the two ends of these upper framework parts have can be entrenched in the described upward connection end of the tabular of the connection groove of node component, and this connection end is entrenched in the connection groove of described upward node component.

According to these stair, control the length of upper cord member easily.Promptly, at the stair incline direction a plurality of upper framework parts are set continuously, and are interconnected on each adjacent upper framework parts of stair incline direction, thereby constitute upper cord member by last node component, so can increase and decrease the quantity of upper framework parts to be connected, can control the length of upper cord member.

And, only be entrenched in the connection groove of the external surface that is formed at node component by the connection end that makes the upper framework parts that are processed to be entrenched in this connection groove, can realize the joint of upper framework parts and last node component, when engaging, do not need welding or special tool, so application property is good.In addition, last node component is configured in the vertical direction in truss surface of its axis and trussed construction parts, and the axis of the above node component of institute and the axis of upper framework parts can be irrespectively frequent vertical with the stair gradient.That is, irrelevant with the stair gradient, as long as make the connection end of upper framework parts be formed on direction with the axis normal of these upper framework parts, thereby also can be applicable to the different stair of stair gradient, so production efficiency is good.

Invention according to claim 16 is stair according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described lower edge rod member has the following framework component that is arranged between the adjacent described lower node parts of stair incline direction, the two ends of this time framework component have the connection end of the tabular of the connection groove that can be entrenched in described lower node parts, and this connection end is entrenched in the connection groove of described lower node parts.

According to these stair, control the length of lower edge rod member easily.Promptly, at the stair incline direction a plurality of following framework components are set continuously, and are interconnected on each adjacent following framework component of stair incline direction, thereby constitute the lower edge rod member by the lower node parts, so can increase and decrease the quantity of following framework component to be connected, can control the length of lower edge rod member.

And, only be entrenched in the connection groove of the external surface that is formed at the lower node parts by the connection end that makes the following framework component that is processed to be entrenched in this connection groove, can realize down the joint of framework component and lower node parts, when engaging, do not need welding or special tool, so application property is good.In addition, the lower node component configuration is in the truss surface vertical direction of its axis with the trussed construction parts, so the axis of the axis of lower node parts and following framework component can be irrespectively often vertical with the stair gradient.That is, irrelevant with the stair gradient, as long as make down the connection end of framework component be formed on direction with the axis normal of this time framework component, thereby also can be applicable to the different stair of stair gradient, so production efficiency is good.

Invention according to claim 17 is stair according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described upper cord member has length for from its upper end up to the last communication means of lower end, described on communication means be installed in the described side end face of node component on each.

According to these stair, upper cord member has last communication means, and communication means is installed in a plurality of side end faces of going up node component on this, and the result can strengthen the weak axial intensity of trussed construction parts.Therefore, constitute the trussed construction parts that left and right directions, above-below direction all have high flexural rigidity, result from rocking and twisting of stair when extremely reducing people's stair activity.

Invention according to claim 18 is stair according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, it is from its upper end up to the following communication means of lower end that described lower edge rod member has length, and described communication means down is installed in the side end face of described each lower node parts.

According to these stair, the lower edge rod member has following communication means, and this time communication means is installed in the side end face of a plurality of lower node parts, and the result can strengthen the weak axial intensity of trussed construction parts.Therefore, constitute the trussed construction parts that left and right directions, above-below direction all have high flexural rigidity, result from rocking and twisting of stair when extremely reducing people's stair activity.

Invention according to claim 19 is stair according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, described upward node component and described lower node component configuration are in the equal height position, pedal base is fixed on the described side end face of node component and the side end face of described each lower node parts on each, and described pedal is fixed on this pedal base.

According to these stair, carry out the installation exercise of pedal easily.If form the structure of pedal being installed by pedal base, even when going up node component and lower node parts and not being positioned at equal height, only just can correspondence by the shape and the installation site of this pedal base of change.And, only, must be in level above the pedal, so carry out the installation exercise of pedal easily by pedal being installed along last node component and lower node parts.

Invention according to claim 20 is according to each described stair of claim 14 to 19, it is characterized in that, also comprises: the handrail that is positioned at the side end top of described pedal; The lower end is bonded on the handrail post of the described handrail of support on the described trussed construction parts.

According to these stair, above the side end of pedal, has handrail.And the bottom of handrail post that makes supporting armrests increases the similar relatively resistance that pushes over the loading of handrail to the side to the direction bending vertical with this handrail.

Invention according to claim 21 is a kind of stair, the space truss structure member that utilization is tilted along with the stair gradient comes sustain pedal, it is characterized in that, described space truss structure member utilize the lattice parts with a plurality of upper cord members connected to one another be positioned at adjacent described upper cord member in the middle of the lower edge rod member of below couple together and form.

According to these stair, the lower edge rod member is arranged in the middle below of adjacent upper cord member; For example when three upper cord members, two lower edge rod members are set.In this case, when from direction that stair tilt, this space truss structure member is trapezoidal, thereby succinct outward appearance can be provided.In addition owing to be the space truss structure member, so have brisk and open sensation, even and stair be installed in and indoorly also can not produce oppressive sensation.In addition, adjacent upper cord member is connected to each other becomes integral body, and the result improves the torsional rigid and the flexural rigidity of the left and right directions of this space truss structure member, results from the distortion of stair or rock to diminish when people's stair activity.In addition, because not the structure member of armrest member, so can freely design handrail as required as the stair main body.

In addition, compare with traditional stair of the heavy components of using channel-section steel for example or i shaped steel, these stair have the lighter structure of weight, are convenient to construction easily.

When having two upper cord members, the lower edge rod member is one, and like this, when when the stair incline direction is seen, this space truss structure member is del.

Invention according to claim 22 is stair according to claim 21, it is characterized in that, described space truss structure member also has the second lower edge rod member below described lower edge rod member, described lower edge rod member and the described second lower edge rod member interconnect by the lattice parts.

According to these stair, utilize the second lower edge rod member that is configured in lower edge rod member below to improve the flexural rigidity of space truss structure member.And, if the described second lower edge rod member and connect described lower edge rod member and the lattice parts of the described second lower edge rod member only are configured in the middle part of going upstairs and going downstairs, can suppress the bending of trussed construction parts that moment of deflection becomes the central portion of big stair activity.

Invention according to claim 23 is according to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that described upper cord member and described lower edge rod member utilize node component that a plurality of framework components are coupled together respectively and constitute.

According to these stair, because upper cord member constitutes by being connected a plurality of framework components with the lower edge rod member, so, just can easily control the length (numbers of steps) of whole stair by increasing or reduce the quantity of framework component to be connected.

Invention according to claim 24 is stair according to claim 23, it is characterized in that, along the upper cord member of described space truss structure member and at least one the configuration reinforcement in the lower edge rod member, this reinforcement is fixed on continuous described node component more than three.

According to these stair, at least one in upper cord member and lower edge rod member, a plurality of node component form as one by reinforcement, improve the flexural rigidity of the left and right directions of upper cord member, and the result can suppress the distortion of its left and right directions.Result from rocking of these stair that the loading of its left and right directions causes when thus, extremely reducing because of people's stair activity.And, can realize interconnecting each adjacent upper cord member connection framework component etc. light structures or cut down its quantity, so can make stair form succinct outward appearance on the whole.In addition,, can provide the succinct outward appearance of hiding the framework component that constitutes upper cord member or lower edge rod member, and improve the vertical stiffness of space truss structure member if reinforcement is L shaped or flute profile.When reinforcement has hollow parts at least a portion of section, improve its profile performance, thus utilize this reinforcement to carry out not only its left and right directions of the space truss structure member strengthened, and also the rigidity of vertical direction also is improved.

Invention according to claim 25 is stair according to claim 23, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described lattice parts and described framework component have the end of connection respectively; On the external surface of described node component, form the connection groove that can be entrenched in this connection end; And this connection end is entrenched in this connection groove.

According to these stair, form the connection groove in the side of node component, only be processed to be entrenched in the connection end that connects described each parts in the groove and be embedded in the connection groove on the side that is formed on node component by making, just can realize joint between this framework component and the node component or the joint between this lattice parts and the node component, do not need welding or special tool, so application property is good.

Invention according to claim 26 is stair according to claim 25, it is characterized in that, adjacent described upper cord member interconnects by connecting framework component, and the two ends of this connection framework component have the connection end, and this connection end is entrenched in the connection groove of this node component.

According to these stair, only, the connection end that is formed at connection framework component two ends has on the node component that connects groove by being entrenched in, just can realize the joint between this node component and the connection framework component, not need welding or special tool, so application property is good.

Invention according to claim 27 is according to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that, described upper cord member has the brace that stretches out towards described lower edge rod member, described lower edge rod member has the brace that stretches out towards described upper cord member, the two ends of described lattice parts have flat end, in these two flat end one is bonded on the brace of described upper cord member, and another is bonded on the brace of described lower edge rod member.

According to these stair, only the brace of the upper cord member by the flat end of lattice parts being bonded on the closure that stretches out in the lattice parts and lower edge rod member brace on, just can realize connecting upper cord member and lower edge rod member be connected, so carry out the assembling work of space truss structure member easily.

Invention according to claim 28 is stair according to claim 27, it is characterized in that, adjacent described upper cord member interconnects by connecting framework component, the two ends of this connection framework component have flat end, described each upper cord member has the brace that stretches out towards other upper cord members that are positioned at the adjacent position, and the flat end of described connection framework component is bonded on this brace.

According to these stair, only be bonded on the brace of the upper cord member that stretches out in the closure that connects framework component by the flat end that will connect framework component, just can realize being connected to each other of each upper cord member, so carry out the assembling work of space truss structure member easily.

Invention according to claim 29 is according to claim 26 or 28 described stair, it is characterized in that, described connection framework component comprises and described each upper cord member cross-coupled diagonal angle link that tilts.

According to these stair, utilize the diagonal angle link that is in tilted layout between upper cord member, can reduce the shear strain of space truss structure upper surface.In other words, improve the torsional rigid of space truss structure member and the flexural rigidity of left and right directions, thereby result from the distortion of space truss structure member when having reduced people's stair activity greatly or rock by the diagonal angle link.

Invention according to claim 30 is according to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that, the section bar parts that the utilization of described upper cord member has at the slot part of described lower edge rod member side opening constitute, in this slot part, comprise node component, described lower edge rod member utilizes node component to connect a plurality of framework components and constitutes, the two ends of described lattice parts and described framework component have the end of connection respectively, form in the outside of described node component can chimeric described connection end the connection groove, described connection end is entrenched in this connection groove.

According to these stair, utilize section bar parts to constitute upper cord member with slot part, in this slot part, comprise node component, so can obtain succinct outward appearance.And, only by the connection end that is processed to be entrenched in described each parts in this connection groove is entrenched in the connection groove that is formed at the node component side, just can realize the joint of lattice parts and node component, not need welding or special tool, so application property is good.

Invention according to claim 31 is according to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that adjacent described upper cord member is joined to one another by the carriage that supports described pedal.

According to these stair, adjacent upper cord member is joined to one another by carriage, has so further reduced the displacement and the distortion of the left and right directions of space truss structure member.Because improved the flexural rigidity of the left and right directions of whole stair, so rocking to reduce people's stair activity greatly the time.With the middle body of bracket support pedal, can reduce the amount of deflection on pedal.Therefore, the intensity of pedal self can be less, thereby enlarged the range of choice of pedal structure and material.Pedal bearing surface by formation sustain pedal on carriage, and the formation installed surface on the upper cord member that is fixed below carriage, this installed surface is tilted along with the stair gradient with respect to described pedal bearing surface, when carriage is installed in upper cord member above the time, this pedal bearing surface becomes level.Help the installation work of pedal like this, thereby improved efficiency of construction.

Invention according to claim 32 is according to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that adjacent described upper cord member interconnects by sheet material.

According to these stair, adjacent upper cord member forms as one by sheet material, so the plane that adjacent upper cord member forms, be that the shear strain of space truss structure member upper surface diminishes.That is, utilize sheet material to improve the torsion rigidity of space truss structure member and the flexural rigidity of left and right directions, so result from the distortion of space truss structure member can further suppress people's stair activity the time and rock.During this situation, described sheet material can with described upper cord member extrusion molding together.Like this, make adjacent upper cord member form one in advance, reduce part count, make the space truss structure member easily.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereogram according to the stair of first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the lateral view at the stair shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the enlarged side view at the stair shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the elevation at the stair shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 (a) is the vertical view of pedal, and Fig. 5 (b) is the elevation of pedal.

Fig. 6 (a) is the stereogram that constitutes the framework component of upper cord member and lower edge rod member, and Fig. 6 (b) is the stereogram that constitutes the framework component of lattice parts, and Fig. 6 (c) is the lateral view at the framework component shown in Fig. 6 (b).

Fig. 7 (a) is the stereogram of link, and Fig. 7 (b) is the end view of link.

Fig. 8 is provided in a side of the stereogram of the example of the node component on the upper cord member.

Fig. 9 is provided in a side of the stereogram of the example of the node component on the lower edge rod member.

Figure 10 is the vertical view of node component.

Figure 11 (a) is the enlarged side view of handrail, and Figure 11 (b) is the enlarged drawing of Figure 11 (a).

Figure 12 (a) and Figure 12 (b) are the elevations of handrail post, and Figure 12 (c) is the amplification front elevation of Figure 12 (b).

Figure 13 (a) is the sectional drawing of the bonding part between handrail and handrail post, and Figure 13 (b) is the top view with a part.

Figure 14 is the stereogram according to the stair of second embodiment of the invention.

Figure 15 is the lateral view at the stair shown in Figure 14.

Figure 16 is the enlarged side view at the stair shown in Figure 14.

Figure 17 is the elevation at the stair shown in Figure 14.

Figure 18 (a) is the vertical view of pedal, and Figure 18 (b) is the sectional drawing of pedal.

Figure 19 is the stereogram of horizontal lattice parts.

Figure 20 is the stereogram according to the stair of third embodiment of the invention.

Figure 21 (a) is that the simplification vertical view of framework component and node component, Figure 21 (b) are the vertical views at the framework component shown in Figure 21 (a) under the situation that forms crooked trussed construction element.

Figure 22 (a) and Figure 22 (b) are the stereograms according to other examples of the stair of the 3rd embodiment.

Figure 23 is the lateral view according to the stair of fourth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 24 is the enlarged side view that the staircase shown in Figure 23 is cut open.

Figure 25 (a) is the sectional drawing of cutting open along the X-X line of Figure 24, and Figure 25 (b) is the sectional drawing of cutting open along the Y1-Y1 line of Figure 24, and Figure 25 (c) is the end view of cutting open along the YC-YC line of Figure 24.

Figure 26 (a) is the sectional drawing of cutting open along the Y2-Y2 line of Figure 24, and Figure 26 (b) is the sectional drawing of cutting open along the Y3-Y3 line of Figure 24.

Figure 27 (a) is the vertical view of pedal, and Figure 27 (b) is the elevation of pedal.

Figure 28 (a) is the vertical view of the pedal of another form, and Figure 28 (b) is the elevation of this pedal.

Figure 29 (a) is the sectional drawing according to another example of the upper cord member of the stair of the 4th embodiment, and Figure 29 (b) is the sectional drawing of another example of lower edge rod member.

Figure 30 is the sectional drawing according to the upper cord member of the stair of fifth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 31 is the enlarged side view according to the stair of fifth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 32 is the lateral view according to the stair of sixth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 33 is the enlarged side view that the staircase shown in Figure 32 is cut open.

Figure 34 (a) is the sectional drawing of cutting open along the Y5-Y5 line of Figure 32, and Figure 34 (b) is the sectional drawing of link.

Figure 35 (a) is the exploded perspective view of trussed construction parts, and Figure 35 (b) is its stereogram, and reinforcement and following reinforcement are contained in a state in the trussed construction parts in the expression.

Figure 36 is according to the exploded perspective view of the stair of sixth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 37 (a) is the view that the another kind of section shape of reinforcement and following reinforcement is gone up in expression.Figure 37 (b) is a sectional drawing of representing only to install the state of reinforcement.

Figure 38 is the stereogram according to the stair of seventh embodiment of the invention.

Figure 39 is the stereogram of expression according to the stair of eighth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 40 is the stereogram according to another example of the stair of eighth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 41 is the stereogram of expression according to the stair of ninth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 42 is the lateral view of the stair shown in Figure 41.

Figure 43 (a) is the enlarged drawing that the part of Figure 42 is cut open, and Figure 43 (b) is the view of seeing along the A-A direction of Figure 43 (a).

Figure 44 (a) is the stereogram that the joint method of node component (going up hub) and upper framework parts is gone up in explanation, and Figure 44 (b) is the stereogram of the joint method of explanation lower node parts (following hub) and following framework component.

Figure 45 is the sectional drawing that the engagement state of node component (going up hub) and upper framework parts and lattice parts is gone up in expression.

Figure 46 (a) is the stereogram of expression upper framework parts, and Figure 46 (b) is the lateral view of Figure 46 (a).

Figure 47 (a) is the view of seeing along arrow B-B of Figure 43, and Figure 47 (b) is the view that the arrow C-C along Figure 43 sees.

Figure 48 (a) is the bottom enlarged drawing of Figure 42, and Figure 48 (b) is the sectional drawing along the D-D line of figure (a), and Figure 48 (c) is the sectional drawing along the E-E line of figure (a).

Figure 49 (a) and (b) are exploded perspective views of making step of the stair of explanation the 9th embodiment.

Figure 50 is the exploded perspective view of making step of the stair of explanation the 9th embodiment equally.

Figure 51 is the stereogram of other examples of the stair of expression the 9th embodiment.

The enlarged side view of other other examples of the stair of Figure 52 (a) expression the 9th embodiment, Figure 52 (b) is the sectional drawing along the F-F line of Figure 52 (a).

Figure 53 (a) and (b) are stereograms of the distortion example of expression pedal base.

Figure 54 (a) and (b) are stereograms of other distortion examples of expression pedal base.

Figure 55 (a) and (b) are stereograms of the distortion example of expression pedal.

The lateral view of the corresponding example when Figure 56 is expression stair changes in pitch.

Figure 57 is the overall perspective view according to the stair of tenth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 58 is the elevation of stair shown in Figure 57.

Figure 59 is the lateral view of stair shown in Figure 57.

Figure 60 is the enlarged side view of stair shown in Figure 59.

Figure 61 is the exploded perspective view of the stair of the tenth embodiment.

Figure 62 (a) is the view that the arrow X1-X1 along Figure 59 sees, and Figure 62 (b) is the view that the arrow X2-X2 along Figure 62 (a) sees.

Figure 63 (a) is framework component and the stereogram that is connected framework component, and Figure 63 (b) is the vertical view of same parts, and Figure 63 (c) is the stereogram of lattice parts, and Figure 63 (d) is the vertical view of lattice parts.

Figure 64 is the stereogram of explanation node component (hub).

Figure 65 is the vertical view of node component shown in Figure 64.

Figure 66 (a) is the sectional drawing of cutting open along the X3-X3 line of Figure 59, and Figure 66 (b) is the view that the arrow X4-X4 along Figure 59 sees.

Figure 67 (a) is the stereogram of carriage, and Figure 67 (b) is the lateral view of carriage.

Figure 68 (a), Figure 68 (b) and Figure 68 (c) are the lateral views of back-up block.

Figure 69 is the exploded perspective view according to the stair of eleventh embodiment of the invention.

Figure 70 (a) is illustrated in the upper cord member in the space truss structure member of the stair that constitute eleventh embodiment of the invention and the vertical view of the layout that is connected framework component, Figure 70 (b) is the lower edge rod member of expression in this space truss structure member and the vertical view of the layout of lattice parts, and Figure 70 (c) is the lateral view of this space truss structure member.

Figure 71 is the lateral view according to the stair of eleventh embodiment of the invention.

Figure 72 is the enlarged side view of stair shown in Figure 71.

Figure 73 is the exploded perspective view according to the stair of twelveth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 74 watches the space truss structure member of stair shown in Figure 73, schematic diagram when the stair frontal is watched carriage and pedal from the stair incline direction.

Figure 75 watches the space truss structure member of the stair of thriteenth embodiment of the invention, schematic diagram when the stair frontal is watched carriage and pedal from the stair incline direction.

Figure 76 is the lateral view according to the stair of thriteenth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 77 is the exploded perspective view according to the stair of fourteenth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 78 (a) and (b) are the exploded perspective views according to the stair of fifteenth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 79 (a) watches the space truss structure member shown in Figure 78 (b), schematic diagram when the stair frontal is watched carriage and pedal from the stair incline direction, and Figure 79 (b) is the schematic diagram of distortion example of the stair of expression the 15 embodiment.

Figure 80 (a) and (b), (c) be the expression the 15 embodiment stair other the distortion examples schematic diagram.

Figure 81 (a) and (b) are the exploded perspective views according to the stair of sixteenth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 82 is the lateral view of the stair shown in Figure 81 (a) and (b).

Figure 83 (a) is the view that the arrow X7-X7 along Figure 82 sees, and Figure 83 (b), (c) are the schematic diagrames of distortion example of the stair of expression the 16 embodiment.

Figure 84 is the stereogram after the part of the stair of seventeenth embodiment of the invention is omitted.

Figure 85 (a) is a schematic diagram of watching the space truss structure member shown in Figure 84 from the stair incline direction, and Figure 85 (b) is the lateral view of Figure 84.

Figure 86 is the stereogram that expression connects framework component and lattice parts.

Figure 87 is the stereogram after the part of the stair of eighteenth embodiment of the invention is omitted.

Figure 88 is a schematic diagram of watching the space truss structure member shown in Figure 87 from the stair incline direction.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described.

(first embodiment)

, comprise to shown in Figure 4 as Fig. 1 according to the stair of first embodiment of the invention: trussed construction parts 10 and 10, they are pair of right and left cant beams; A plurality of links 11 are used for cant beam is coupled together; Pedal 12, they are fixedly fastened on the link 11; Handrail 15 is positioned at above the both side ends of pedal 12; Be used for the handrail post 13 and 14 of supporting armrests 15.In addition, in the present embodiment, between the bottom of trussed construction parts 10 and the floor below the stair 7, back-up block 6a and 6b are set, and between the top of trussed construction parts 10 and the beam parts 8a above the stair, establish back-up block 6c.

As shown in Fig. 2 and 3, trussed construction parts 10 comprise: along with the upper cord member 1 and the lower edge rod member 2 of stair gradient inclination; And a plurality of lattice parts 4 that are used to connect them.In the present embodiment, upper cord member 1 and lower edge rod member 2 constitute by a plurality of framework components of coupling together by the hub 5 as node component 3, and parts lattice parts 4 are made of the parts identical with framework component 3.Like this, trussed construction parts 10 are made of with the hub 5 that is connected them a plurality of framework components 3, and the end of framework component 3 couples together by the hub 5 that is arranged on each node.

Shown in Fig. 6 (a), framework component 3 is made of tubular part, and it has the tabular that is formed on its two ends and connects end 3a, and the end of this connection end 3a has notch.Framework component 3 is extrusions of aluminium alloys, and this connection end 3a is by extrusion process or similar being processed to form.This connection end 3a forms the axially long tabular (seeing Fig. 8 and Fig. 9) at hub 5, so form the connected structure that the axial force of relative hub 5 has stronger intensity.

Lattice parts 4 are made of the parts with framework component 3 same kinds, and shown in Fig. 6 (b) and 6 (c), to cut the end of this connection end 4a with respect to the angle of (below be called " punching press angle α ") axially at angle of framework component 3.

As Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, hub 5 is columned aluminium alloy extruded or foundry goods.Be provided with a plurality of connection groove 5a at the external surface of hub 5 along the axial depression of hub 5.Connect groove 5a and have and the end of the connection end 3a of framework component 3 and the terminal identical section shape that is connected end 4a of lattice parts 4, and their inwall is provided with notch, this notch forms with the notch that is connected end 4a (3a) and engages.The hub of arranging along upper cord member 15 and have much at one structure along the hub 5 that lower edge rod member 2 is arranged, but according to making it form suitable shape with number of components that combines with hub 5 and angle.For example, the hub 5 of upper cord member 1 one sides has can be pressed into chimeric lattice parts 4, framework component 3 and handrail post 13 and 14 height (along the length that is connected groove 5a direction) (see figure 8) in proper order, and the hub 5 of lower edge rod member 2 one sides has the height (see figure 9) that can be pressed into chimeric framework component 3 and lattice parts 4 in proper order.

The connection end 3a of framework component 3 from the upper face side of hub 5 or below side pressure go into to be fitted to the connection groove 5a of hub 5, thereby framework component 3 and hub 5 are coupled together.Simultaneously, as shown in figure 10, be formed on each and connect groove 5a and the notch on being connected end 14a engages each other, so framework component 3 never can take place along the phenomenon that axially is drawn out.

Joint between lattice parts 4 and the hub 5 is with last identical, but shown in Fig. 6 (c), the connection end 4a of lattice parts 4 tilts with punching press angle α at its end, thus lattice parts 4 with this punching press angle α obliquely with is connected groove 5a joint.

Shown in Fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b), link 11 has tabular and connects the end 11a and the pedal support section 11b of sustain pedal 12 regularly, and flatly is laid on (see figure 4) between the left and right sides upper cord member 1,1.Distance between the link 11 of neighbouring setting i.e. difference in height between link adjacent on the short transverse 11,11 is regarded as riser height.This connection end 11a has the identical shape of connection end 3a with framework component 3, and can be pressed into the connection groove 5a that is fitted to hub 5.This link 11 is aluminium alloy extruded, and can form this connection end 11a by extrusion process or similar processing.In order to prevent that pedal support section 11b from hindering extrusion process, can excise part to be extruded in advance.Be configured to horizontal above the pedal support section 11b, be formed on the direction vertical (seeing Fig. 7 (b)) and connect the connection groove 5a (axis of hub 5) that end 11a is pressed into chimeric hub 5 wherein with the stair incline direction, thus connect the extrusion process direction of end 5a become from direction vertical above the pedal support section 11b direction of anglec of rotation θ only.

Though do not illustrate, the lower edge rod member 2 and 2 of the left and right sides is interconnected with one another.In this case, link preferably has the structure identical with framework component 3, and when lower chord spare 2,2 is joined to one another by link, and it connects end and can be pressed in the connection groove 5a that is fitted to hub 5 and get final product.

Shown in Fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b), pedal 12 is plates of being made by timber or metal, and uses screw, nail or be bolted on the pedal support section 11b.

Shown in Figure 12 (a), handrail post 13 is tubular parts, has tabular at its two ends and connects end 13a, and the end of this connection end 13a has notch.Handrail post 13 is aluminium alloy extruded, and by extrusion process or similar this connection end 13a that is processed to form.The end of this connection end 13a is shaped to axis direction and forms punching press angle α (seeing Figure 11 (a)).

Handrail post 14 is tubular parts, and its underpart has been applied in bending machining, carries out bending along the direction vertical with handrail (right side among Figure 12 (b)) that is:, just stretches to the outside from the plane of handrail 15 and handrail post 13 formation.Form tabular at the two ends of handrail post and connect end 14a, have notch at their end.Handrail post 14 is aluminium alloy extruded, and by extrusion process or similar this connection end 14a that is processed to form.Because the direction of the connection groove 15b of the axial and handrail 15 of handrail post 14 is different, so when the handrail post 14 of processing upper end side, make the connection end 14a bending of handrail post 14 upper ends one side, with handrail post 14 axis direction angulation β (below be called " angle of bend β ") (seeing Figure 12 (c)), thereby make the direction that connects end 14a consistent with the direction of connection groove 15b.

Shown in Figure 13 (a), handrail 15 comprises: track component 15a, and it has the connection groove 15b that is formed on its bottom surface; And handrail lid 15c, be used to cover track component 15a.Connect groove 15b have with at the connection end 13a of the upper end of handrail post 13,14 side, the section shape that 14a is identical, and the inwall of connection groove 15b has with being formed on and is connected the notch that the notch on end 13a, the 14a engages.In Figure 13 (a), reference number 15d represents to be used for fastener that a plurality of track component 15a are linked together.Under the situation of straight stair shown in Figure 1, can use a continuous fastener; Yet, under the situation of geometric stairs, perhaps when connection end 13a, the 14a of handrail post 13,14 are inserted difficulty from the end that connects groove 15b, can use short track component 15a also to connect by fastener 15d (seeing Figure 13 (b)).

Figure 13 (b) is the view of seeing along the arrow " b " of Figure 13 (a), represents as described later shown in Figure 20, Figure 22 (a) and Figure 22 (b) situation when forming geometric stairs.

Making step according to the stair of first embodiment is described below.In the following description, assemble above-mentioned parts in order in the construction place of stair; Yet form is considered carrying and the efficient of building as an alternative, also some parts can be assembled into one.

At first, trussed construction parts 10,10 being separated predetermined distance is laid between the floor 7 and the beam parts 8a above the stair below the stair.Between the bottom of trussed construction parts 10 and the floor below the stair 7, be provided with back-up block 6a, 6b, and between the top of trussed construction parts 10 and the beam parts 8a above the stair, back-up block 6c be set. Trussed construction parts 10,10 are more light than traditional cant beam weight made from channel-section steel or i iron, so that installation work becomes is easy.

Next, trussed construction parts 10,10 are joined to one another by link 11, and pedal 12 is fixedly fastened on the pedal support component 11b of link 11.Shown in Fig. 5 (a), by one of link 11 is connected in the hub 5 that being pressed into of end 11a be fitted to the upper cord member 1 that constitutes right side trussed construction parts 10, and another of link 11 connected in the hub 5 that being pressed into of end 11a be fitted to the upper cord member 1 that constitutes left side trussed construction parts 10, use the liner of describing later to prevent to pull out then, thereby can correctly trussed construction parts 10,10 be coupled together by link 11.Link 11 engages with hub 5,5 on being positioned at sustained height, and is configured to horizontal in left and right sides trussed construction parts 10.Shown in Fig. 5 (a) and Fig. 5 (b), pedal 12 be laid on link 11 pedal support section 11b above, and use bolt or wood screw to be fixedly fastened on the link 11, this bolt or wood screw are filled in from the back side of pedal support section 11b.In advance pedal 12 is fixed on the coupling part 11, makes on-the-spot construction operation become easy.

In addition, in advance armrest member is assembled.In detail, shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 (a), the connection end 13a of the upside of handrail post 13,14 and 14a be pressed into to be fitted to be connected groove 15b on the track component 15a that is formed on handrail 15, thereby handrail 15 and handrail post 13,14 are linked together.When track component 15a is parts by a long size when constituting, connection end 13a, the 14a of handrail post 13,14 upsides inserted and fit together from the end of track component 15a.

Subsequently, connection end 13a, the 14a of the downside of handrail post 13,14 is pressed among the connection groove 5a that is fitted to hub 5, thereby handrail post 13,14 and hub 5 are linked together.Be cut owing to connect end 13, so handrail post 13 is joined so from the axis of hub 5 tilt alpha degree only by punching press angle α.

Shown in Figure 11 (b), on hub 5 and below with top and bottom fixed-bearing 5 αs of screw bolt and nut from hub 5, thereby prevent that framework component 3, lattice parts 4 etc. from pulling out along the direction that connects groove 5a, cover screw bolt and nut with decoction cap 5c then.

As mentioned above, stair of the present invention can connect by being pressed into chimeric each parts, and assembling is become carry out easily, and reduce the number of components that is used to connect, be economical therefore.In addition, trussed construction parts 10 and channel-section steel or the such heavy components ratio of i iron, light and open sense arranged, so indoorly can not produce oppressive sensation even be installed in yet.In addition, the joint between each parts and the hub 5 does not need to weld or special instrument, so application property is good.

Because link 11 is laid between the upper cord member 1,1 of trussed construction parts 10,10, and pedal 12 be fixedly fastened on link 11 above, so trussed construction parts 10,10 can not be projected into pedal 12 tops.Therefore, for example when the stair of present embodiment when metope is built, this metope and trussed construction parts 10 can be not overlapping above pedal 12, can not destroy the aesthetic property of stair.

In left and right sides trussed construction parts 10,10, upper cord member 1,1 is joined to one another by link 11, the result, the torsional rigid of stair integral body and the flexural rigidity of left and right directions are improved, like this, when people's stair activity, reduced to result from the distortion or the lateral wobble of stair widely.

Each component-assembled is integral, can further improves efficiency of construction.For example, make all component parts (trussed construction parts 10,10, link 11, pedal 12, handrail post 13,14 and handrail 15) under the situation of assembly, only this assembly is installed between the floor 7 and the beam parts 8a above the stair below the stair, just can finishes the construction of these stair, this can build stair with the short time.Also can in advance trussed construction parts 10, handrail 15 and handrail post 13,14 be fitted together.

(second embodiment)

Shown in Figure 14 to 17, comprise according to the stair of second embodiment of the invention: trussed construction parts 20,20, they are pair of right and left cant beams; Pedal 22 is fixedly fastened on these trussed construction parts 20; Handrail 15 is positioned at above the both side ends of pedal 22; Be used for the handrail post 13,14 of supporting armrests 15.In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 16, between the lower end of trussed construction parts 20 and the floor below the stair, back-up block 23a is set, and between the upper end of trussed construction parts 20 and the floor above the stair 8, back-up block 23b is set.

As shown in Figure 15 and 16, trussed construction parts 20 comprise: along with the upper cord member 1 and the lower edge rod member 2 of stair gradient inclination; And a plurality of lattice parts 4 that are used to connect them.In the present embodiment, upper cord member 1 and lower edge rod member 2 constitute by a plurality of framework components of coupling together by hub 53, and lattice parts 4 are made of the parts identical with framework component 3.Like this, trussed construction parts 20 are made of with the hub 5 that is connected them a plurality of framework components 3, and the end of framework component 3 couples together with the hub 5 that is arranged on each node.Some lattice parts 4 carry out level with riser height and lay (hereinafter being called horizontal lattice parts 21).

As shown in figure 19, horizontal lattice parts 21 are made of the connection end 21a and the pedal support portion 21b of tabular, sustain pedal 22 regularly on the pedal support portion, and lay (seeing Figure 15) with the riser height level.Connection end 21a has the identical section shape of connection end 3a with the framework component 3 described in first embodiment, but the end portion of this connection end 21a has punching press angle α, because the axis out of plumb of the axis of horizontal lattice parts 21 and hub 5.Horizontal lattice parts 21 are extrusions of aluminium alloys, and can form connection end 21a by extrusion process or similar processing.In order to prevent that pedal support portion 21b from hindering extrusion process, can excise part to be extruded in advance.

Shown in Figure 18 (a) and Figure 18 (b), pedal 22 is plates of being made by timber or metal.For fear of contacting with lattice parts 4, form U type otch with upper cord member 1.Use screw, nail or bolt that pedal 22 is fixedly fastened on the horizontal lattice parts 21 that constitute trussed construction parts 20, promptly left and right sides trussed construction parts 20,20 are joined to one another by pedal 22.

No longer describe the structure of framework component 3, lattice parts 4, hub 5, handrail post 13,14 and handrail 15 and the method that they are coupled together in detail at this because they with in first embodiment, describe the same.

Stair according to second embodiment also can connect by being pressed into chimeric each parts, and assembling is become easily, and reduce the number of components that is used to connect, thus both economical.In addition, before pedal 22 was installed, trussed construction parts 20 can be carried under a plurality of states that stack, thereby improved handling efficiency.

When watching stair from the side, pedal forms succinct outward appearance between upper cord member and lower edge rod member.In addition, trussed construction parts 20 and channel-section steel or the such heavy components ratio of i iron, light and open sense arranged, so even stair are installed in and indoorly also can produce oppressive sensation.

(the 3rd embodiment)

As shown in figure 20, the stair according to third embodiment of the invention have crooked trussed construction parts 30,30.Miscellaneous part then and about the same according to the stair of second embodiment.

Trussed construction parts 30 comprise: upper cord member 31 and lower edge rod member 32, and they tilt along with the gradient of stair; And a plurality of lattice parts 34 that these chord member spares are linked together.In this embodiment, upper cord member 31 and lower edge rod member 32 constitute by a plurality of framework components of coupling together by hub 5 33, and lattice parts 34 are made of the parts identical with framework component 33.Like this, trussed construction parts 30 constitute by a plurality of framework components 33 with the hub 5 that they couple together, and the end of framework component 33 engages with the hub 5 that is arranged in each node place.Some lattice parts 34 are laid (below be called horizontal lattice parts 35) according to the riser height level.

Framework component 33 have with first and second embodiment in framework component 3 structure much at one described; Yet as shown in Figure 21 (b), the axis of the terminal framework component 33 relatively of the connection end 33a of framework component 33 is with predetermined angular (below be called angle of bend β) bending.The function of the length by this curved shape, truss shape and framework component 33 can calculate this angle of bend β.Can easily form such shape by extrusion process or similar processing.

Shown in Figure 21 (a), such framework component 33 sequentially can be coupled together by hub 5, thereby constitute crooked trussed construction parts 30.

By constituting trussed construction parts 30 by a plurality of framework components 33, and the connection end 33a that makes framework component 33 can easily build crooked stair according to the predetermined angular bending.Particularly, have at spiral stairs or when looking squarely in the conventional construction of stair of curve, must carry out bending machining to the stair that are made of I shaped steel or H shaped steel, this will expend man-hour and expense.On the other hand, in the stair according to present embodiment, only can form framework component 33 by the framework component 3 shown in Fig. 6 (a) is just simply processed, and can use the identical hub 5 with straight stair, be very economical like this.

In addition, can use identical structure and step to build various stair, stair that the distance (width of pedal 22) between the trussed construction parts 40,50 changes gradually shown in Figure 22 (a) and Figure 22 (b) for example, perhaps unshowned S type stair.Shown in Figure 13 (b),, connect by the fastener 15d that inserts among the track segment 15a when when handrail 15 is provided with joint.

(the 4th embodiment)

In the above-described embodiments, by being coupled together, a plurality of framework components 3 can form upper cord member 1 and lower edge rod member 2; But be not limited thereto, also can use length to reach the parts of the entire length of trussed construction parts, form upper cord member and lower edge rod member.

As shown in figure 23, in the stair according to fourth embodiment of the invention, formation constitutes as the upper cord member 61 of the trussed construction parts 60 of cant beam and lower edge rod member 62 is reached the entire length of trussed construction parts 60 by length section bar parts.With with the identical mode of aforementioned each embodiment, be joined to one another with trussed construction parts about 60 layouts and by a plurality of links 65, left and right sides upper cord member 61,61 is laid on the link 65 according to each riser height level, and is supporting pedal 66 above the link 65 regularly at this.In addition, in this embodiment, between the lower end of trussed construction parts 60 and the floor below the stair 7, back-up block 67a, 67b are set, and between the upper end of trussed construction parts 60 and the beam parts 8a above the stair, establish back-up block 67c.

Trussed construction parts 60 comprise: upper cord member 61, lower edge rod member 62 is arranged on the inner separately hub 64 (seeing Figure 24) of upper cord member 61 and lower edge rod member 62, and a plurality of lattice parts 63 that upper cord member 61 and lower edge rod member 62 are coupled together.

Upper cord member 61 is by the aluminium alloys manufacturing, and shown in Figure 25 (b) and 25 (c), utilizes the section bar parts that have at the slot part 61f of lattice parts 63 side openings to be formed at the stair incline direction continuously and constitutes.Particularly, upper cord member 61 is that the cross section of lower aperture is (the section bar parts with slot part 61f) extrusion of flute profile, and the inner crest face at this slot part 61f forms two prominent muscle 61a that extend along the longitudinal, and the prominent muscle 61b that extends is along the longitudinal formed at the bottom, side of side within it.As shown in figure 24, cover 61c that covers near the opening hub 64 and the cover 61d that covers other locational openings are set below upper cord member 61.

Shown in Figure 25 (b), can fixed cap parts 61c by the side end of cover 61c being embedded in the groove with U-shaped cross section, and this groove is formed by the medial surface and the prominent muscle 61b of upper cord member 61.Have and the cover 61c cover 61d of shape much at one shown in Figure 25 (c), form the locking member 61e that to upper cord member 61 in, gives prominence in the above, and by realizing fixing on the prominent muscle 61b that locking member 61e is locked at upper cord member 61.Because seal the opening of upper cord member 61, improve aesthetic property with cover 61c, 61d.Cover 61c also is used for preventing deviating from of the lattice parts 63 that engage with hub 64.

Lower edge rod member 62 is by the aluminium alloys manufacturing, and shown in Figure 26 (a) and 26 (b), utilizes the section bar parts that have at the slot part 62f of lattice parts 63 side openings to be formed at the stair incline direction continuously and constitutes.Particularly, lower edge rod member 62 is that the cross section of top opening is (the section bar parts with slot part 62f) extrusion of flute profile, and form two prominent muscle 62a that extend along the longitudinal within it below the side, and form the prominent muscle 62b that extends along the longitudinal on the top, side of inside.As shown in figure 24, cover 62c that covers near the opening hub 64 and the cover 62d that covers other locational openings are set on lower edge rod member 62.

Shown in Figure 26 (a) and 26 (b), cover 62c, 62d have and the identical structure of cover 61c, 61d that is installed on upper cord member 61 shown in Figure 25 (b) and Figure 25 (c).Be formed with opening above the lower edge rod member 62,, can prevent that dust accretions is in lower edge rod member 62 inside by sealing this opening with cover 62c, 62d.

The lattice parts 63 identical with the structure of the lattice parts 4 shown in Fig. 6 (b) are to have the tubular part (seeing Figure 24) that flat pattern connects end 63a at two ends, and this connection end 63a has notch (seeing Figure 25 (a)) at its end.In lattice parts 63, in the mode identical with the lattice parts 4 shown in Fig. 6 (c), the axis direction of lattice parts 64 cuts the end of this connection end 63a according to angle [alpha] (below be called punching press angle α) relatively.Lattice parts 63 are aluminium alloy extruded, and can form this connection end 63a by extrusion process or similar processing.Connect end 63a and form axially long tabular, and the axial force that constitutes relative hub 64 has stronger intensity connected structure at hub 64.

As shown in Figure 25 (a) and Figure 25 (b), hub 64 is a column, and has bolt-inserting hole 64c at the center.Axial depression along hub 64 on the external surface of hub 64 is provided with connection groove 64a.This connection groove 64a has the terminal identical cross sectional shape with the connection end 63a of lattice parts 63, and wall is provided with notch within it, and these notches form and can engage with the notch that is connected end 63a.Hub 64 is shaped to has oval cross section, and between prominent muscle 61a, the 61a above the embedding upper cord member 61 and between prominent muscle 61b, the 61b of side.Hub 64 is contained in the lower edge rod member 62 in an identical manner.Cover bolt B head and the nut N that penetrates hub 64 with hemispheric cap member 64b, can improve aesthetic property.

Hub 64 is installed in upper cord member 61 according to the interval of each riser height and lower edge rod member 62 is inner separately, and the connection end 63a of lattice parts 63 is pressed in the connection groove 64a that is fitted to hub 64, so that lattice parts 63 and hub 64 are coupled together, thereby constitute trussed construction parts 60.At this moment, shown in Figure 25 (a), be respectively formed at and connect groove 64a and be engaged with each other, so lattice parts 63 can axially not deviate from along it with notch on being connected end 63a.Because the connection end 63a of lattice parts 63 tilts with punching press angle α, so lattice parts 63 are joined so the relative connection groove 64a punching press angle α that only tilts.

As shown in figure 24, link 65 is the hollow parts with polygonal cross-section, comprising: inclined-plane (below be called joint face 65b), it tilt along with the gradient of stair and contact upper cord member 61 above; Horizontal plane (below be called pedal installed surface 65a) is used to place pedal 66.The bolt B in the bolt-inserting hole 64c that leads to hub 64 is inserted in utilization from the inside of link 65, this link 65 is fixed on the upper cord member 61 with hub 64.Neighbouring link 65 (pedal installed surface 65a) is arranged according to the interval of riser height.

Pedal 66 is plates of being made by timber or metal, and as shown in figure 27, uses screw, nail or bolt to the pedal installed surface 65a of link 65.

Construction sequence according to the stair of the 4th embodiment is described below.In the following description, each above-mentioned parts are assembled in order in the construction site of stair; Yet be not limited thereto, consider carrying and efficiency of construction, some parts laggard luggage that forms as one is joined.

At first, trussed construction parts 60 separate predetermined distance and are laid between the floor 7 and the beam parts 8a above the stair below the stair.As shown in figure 23, between the bottom of trussed construction parts 60 and the floor below the stair 7, back-up block 67a, 67b are set, and between the beam parts 8a back-up block 67c are set in the upper end of trussed construction parts 60 with above the stair.Because trussed construction parts 60,60 are gently more a lot of than traditional cant beam of being made by channel-section steel or i shaped steel, install easily.

Next, by link 65 is fixed to upper cord member 61 above, trussed construction parts 60,60 can be joined to one another.Link 65 is installed on the hub 64 by shown in Figure 24, and use bolt B in the bolt-inserting hole 64c of hub 64 is inserted in link 65 the insides be fixed to upper cord member 61 above.

Then, pedal 66 is fixedly fastened on the pedal bearing surface 65a of link 65.If in advance pedal 66 is fixed on the link 65, field operation will be become carry out easily.

In addition, handrail post 13 and 14 is contained on upper cord member 61 and the pedal 66, then handrail 15 is connected to the upper end of handrail post 13,14, thereby finish the construction of stair.If in advance handrail post 13,14 is fixed on the handrail 15, can reduce the on-the-spot engineering time.

Similar with the stair of the various embodiments described above, stair according to the 4th embodiment are made the parts assembly easily, and trussed construction parts 60 are compared with the conventional heavy-duty parts of for example channel-section steel or i shaped steel, and are light and have an open sense, even, can not produce oppressive sensation at indoor installation stair yet.In addition, hub 64 is installed in upper cord member 61 and the lower edge rod member 62, thereby obtains succinct outward appearance.

In the 4th embodiment, pedal 66 be fixedly fastened on link 65 above; Yet, as shown in figure 28, also can with have block support component 68,68 with link 65 same cross-sectional shape be installed in respectively left and right sides upper cord member 61,61 above, and 66 on pedal be placed on this support component 68,68 above.In this case, pair of right and left trussed construction parts 60,60 are joined to one another by pedal 66.Thus, the trussed construction parts 60 of assembled in advance can be stacked in factory etc. and to carry, improve handling efficiency.

Upper cord member 61 is not limited to a kind of form shown in Figure 25 (b), for example can be made of slot part 61f with lower aperture and hollow bulb 61g as at the upper cord member 61 ' shown in Figure 29 (a).By side hollow bulb 61g is set, can improves the rigidity of upper cord member 61 ', be applied to normal load and axial compression on the upper cord member 61 relatively, form strong cross-section structure at slot part 61f.In this case, hub 64 is installed in slot part 61f the inside.

Lower edge rod member 62 is not limited to a kind of form shown in Figure 26 (a), for example can be made of slot part 62f with top opening and hollow bulb 62g as at the lower edge rod member 62 ' shown in Figure 29 (b).By hollow bulb 62g being set, can improve the rigidity of lower edge rod member 62 ' at slot part 62f.In this case, hub 64 is installed in slot part 62f the inside.

Form trussed construction parts 60 by upper cord member 61 ' and lower edge rod member 62 ', result from vertical deflection, distortion or the lateral wobble etc. of stair in the time of can suppressing people's stair activity widely.

In this embodiment, upper cord member 61 and lower edge rod member 62 all have the length of the entire length that reaches trussed construction parts 60; Yet, also can only make one of them length reach the entire length of trussed construction parts 60, and another utilizes the short and small framework component that couples together by node component (hub) such shown in second embodiment to constitute.

(the 5th embodiment)

In aforementioned the 4th embodiment, upper cord member 61 and lower edge rod member 62 constitute by the section bar parts with slot part, and hub 64 is installed in this slot part; Yet, shown in the stair of the 5th embodiment shown in Figure 30 and 31, use the hollow material parts to constitute upper cord member 71 and lower edge rod member 72, and with hub 73 be installed to the following of upper cord member 71 and lower edge rod member 72 above.Figure 30 is the sectional drawing of cutting open along the Y4-Y4 line of Figure 31.

In stair according to the 5th embodiment, long section bar parts that constitute the upper cord member 71 of trussed construction parts 70 and the entire length that lower edge rod member 72 by length is trussed construction parts 70 constitute, and hub 73 be installed in the following of upper cord member 71 and lower edge rod member 72 above.In addition, link 65 is being set on upper cord member 71, and in this embodiment, hub 73, upper cord member 71 and link 65 are fixed into one.

In this embodiment, upper cord member 71 is hollow extrusion casting dies of aluminium alloys, and as shown in Figure 30, has rectangular cross section.Inside at upper cord member 71 forms dividing plate 71a, 71a at above-below direction.Because inside is hollow, so upper cord member 71 is very light, and portion forms dividing plate 71a, 71a within it, so be applied to vertical load and axial compression on the upper cord member 71 relatively, forms strong cross-section structure.

In this embodiment, though omitted the diagrammatic sketch of lower edge rod member 72, lower edge rod member 72 is hollow extrusion casting dies of aluminium alloys, and has the shape of cross section identical with upper cord member 71.Because its staircase structure with the 4th embodiment is identical, no longer describe other structures in detail.

When hub 73 be installed in upper cord member 71 below the time, as shown in figure 30, bolt B is passed the inside that upper cord member 71 is inserted into link 65 below hub 73, and tightens with nut N.Though do not illustrate, when hub 73 be installed to lower edge rod member 72 above the time, can be above hub 73 bolt be inserted into lower edge rod member 72 below, and use nut screwing clamping.

Like this, when hub 73 be installed to upper cord member 71 below and lower edge rod member 72 above the time, can require to determine the interior shape of upper cord member 71 and lower edge rod member 72 according to load and other.

In this embodiment, the length of upper cord member 71 and lower edge rod member 72 all reaches the entire length of trussed construction parts 70; Yet, also can only make one of them length reach the entire length of trussed construction parts 70, and another utilizes the short and small framework component that couples together by node component (hub) such shown in second embodiment to constitute.

(the 6th embodiment)

, comprise to shown in Figure 36 as Figure 32 according to the stair of sixth embodiment of the invention: trussed construction parts 80,80, they are pair of right and left cant beams; A plurality of links 83 are used for cant beam is coupled together; Pedal 66, they are fixedly fastened on the link 83; Handrail 15 is positioned at above the both side ends of pedal 66; Be used for the handrail post 13 of supporting armrests 15.Shown in figure 32, in the present embodiment, between the lower end of trussed construction parts 80 and the floor below the stair 7, back-up block 85a, 85b are set, and between the upper end of trussed construction parts 80 and the beam parts 8a above the stair, establish back-up block 85c.

As shown in Figure 32 and 33, trussed construction parts 80 comprise: along with the upper cord member 1 and the lower edge rod member 2 of stair gradient inclination; And a plurality of lattice parts 4 that are used to connect them.Upper cord member 1 constitutes by be connected a plurality of framework components 3 by hub 5 with lower edge rod member 2.Along upper cord member 1 reinforcement 81 is set, reinforcement 82 is set down along lower edge rod member 2.

No longer be described in detail at this, because they are identical with the parts described among first embodiment to the structure of framework component 3, lattice parts 4, hub 5, handrail post 13 and handrail 15 and with the method that they couple together.

Last reinforcement 81 is aluminium alloy extruded, and shown in figure 32, its length is identical with upper cord member 1 entire length.Shown in Figure 34 (a), the section shape of last reinforcement 81 is groove shapes of lower aperture, thereby can comprise upper cord member 1 (seeing Figure 33).In detail, last reinforcement 81 comprises: top board 81a, and it is positioned at a top side of upper cord member 1; Side plate 81b, 81b, they are from the vertical below of the both side ends of top board 81a, thereby cover upper cord member 1 (framework component 3), this top board 81a with contact above the hub 5.

Following reinforcement 82 is the flat sheet material of being made by aluminium alloys, and in this embodiment, and shown in figure 32, it has and the identical length of part parallel with upper cord member 1 in lower edge rod member 2.

Link 83 is the aluminium alloy hollow extrusions with polygonal cross-section, comprising: inclined-plane (below be called joint face 83b), and it tilts along with the gradient of stair, and contacts with the top of last reinforcement 81; And horizontal plane (below be called pedal placed side 83a), be used to place pedal 66, and link is on the position of hub 5 is fixed on reinforcement 81.In other words, link 83 is erected between the left and right sides upper cord member 1,1, by this link 83 left and right sides upper cord member 1,1 is joined to one another.Shown in Figure 34 (b), formation nut depression 83c on link 83 inside so that hold the nut of fixed pedestal 66, forms screw depression 83d with the side on link 83 inside.The screw that is used to install cover plate 84 (seeing Figure 33) screws in this screw depression 83d, so that cover the opening on link 83 end faces.When this link of extrusion molding, form nut depression 83c and screw depression 83d.

Cover upward reinforcement 81 (seeing Figure 35 (a) and Figure 35 (b)) by upside, can be fixed on the hub 5 going up reinforcement 81 from upper cord member 1; Link 83 is arranged in the top back (seeing Figure 36) of reinforcement 81, bolt is passed the inside that reinforcement 81 is inserted into link 83 below hub 5, and fix them with nut.At this moment, link 83 be fixedly fastened on go up reinforcement 81 above.Following reinforcement 82 uses nut screwing clamping upwards to be penetrated into the bolt above the hub 5 below it and is fixed.In addition, following reinforcement 82 contacted with the following of hub 5 that constitutes lower edge rod member 2, thereby can utilize this time reinforcement 82 to prevent that framework component 3 and lattice parts 4 from deviating from downwards.

Like this, form as one, can improve the flexural rigidity of the outer direction of face of trussed construction parts 80 by making a plurality of hubs 5 and the last reinforcement 81 that constitute upper cord member 1, thus rocking when suppressing people's stair activity greatly.When seeing stair from the side, upper cord member 1 is covered by the side plate 81b of last reinforcement 81, thereby forms succinct outward appearance.

The trussed construction parts of above-mentioned each embodiment have the high stiffness of opposing direction (vertical direction) load in the face, but opposing rigidity of the load of direction (left and right directions) outside face is relatively low.Owing to this reason, in having the stair of the accessory of cant beam for example, the left and right sides trussed construction parts that constitute cant beam are joined to one another by link or pedal, thereby improve the rigidity of the outer direction of opposite face.Yet according to the trussed construction parts 80 of this embodiment, the rigidity of the outer direction of its face is improved,, for example can make link 83 form light structures.

The section shape of last reinforcement 81 and following reinforcement 82 is not limited to the shape shown in Figure 34 (a), for example can be L shaped shown in Figure 37 (a).By making reinforcement 81 and following reinforcement 82 be shaped to L shaped or flute profile, can hide the framework component 3 that constitutes upper cord member 1 or lower edge rod member 2, form succinct appearance design, and also improve rigidity along vertical direction.When last reinforcement 81 or when down reinforcement 82 is tabular, between these reinforcements and framework component 3, there is the gap; But if L shaped or grooved profile parts then can be hidden this gap, thereby improve appearance design.

Shown in Figure 37 (b), can only arrange reinforcement 81, and omit reinforcement 82 down.In this case, can left and right sides lower edge rod member 2,2 be joined to one another by connecting framework component 9.Though do not illustrate, also reinforcement 82 can only be set down, go up reinforcement 81 and omit.

Although do not illustrate, have with the trussed construction parts of above-mentioned trussed construction parts 80 same structures except as the cant beam of stair, also can be as the various structure members that comprise building structure parts etc.Particularly, connect with hub a plurality of framework components constitute in the trussed construction parts of lower chord spare, arrange reinforcement along chord member spare, and this reinforcement is fixed on the hub more than three at least, the a plurality of hubs and the reinforcement that constitute chord member spare are formed as one, thus the hub in the middle of on the direction of rotating hub, can reinforcing at least.So just improve the flexural rigidity of trussed construction parts directions outside face, and reduced the distortion of direction outside face.In addition,, use to cross over the entire length of chord member spare and the reinforcement that extends, can on the entire length of chord member spare, reinforce as present embodiment.

Therefore, for example when a plurality of trussed construction parts use together, can save the parts that adjacent trussed construction parts are coupled together, perhaps form light structures, thereby succinct outward appearance is provided.Except being used in the trussed construction parts that use the hub among this embodiment, such structure also can be used on the trussed construction parts of the node that is provided with so-called ball joint form.

(the 7th embodiment)

As shown in figure 38, have middle reinforcement 91 according to the stair of seventh embodiment of the invention, its be arranged on regularly a plurality of links 83 that the trussed construction parts 90,90 as the pair of right and left cant beam are coupled together below.In detail, connect, make along the adjacent a plurality of links 83 of short transverse to be combined into one by middle reinforcement 91.

Middle reinforcement 91 is the flat sheet material of being made by aluminium alloys, and preferably have can integrally formed length from nethermost link 83 to uppermost link 83.By make above it contact with the joint face 83b (seeing Figure 34 (b)) of link 83 and below it side be screwed into tapping screw (drill screw), can fix this centre reinforcement 91.Middle reinforcement 91 can be the synthetic resin board of polycarbonate plate or acrylic resin board for example, to substitute flat aluminium alloy plate.

Utilize flat left and right directions have high-intensity in the middle of reinforcement 91 a plurality of links 83 are combined into one, thus, when the load along left and right directions is applied on the link 83 (pedal 66), this load can be received by middle reinforcement 91, and can entirely not pass to trussed construction parts 90, and it is distributed on other links 83 again as cant beam.Distortion that this has produced when just having reduced people's stair activity widely or the expansion of rocking, and make link 83 form light structures.

(the 8th embodiment)

As shown in figure 39, according to the stair of eighth embodiment of the invention, between pair of right and left trussed construction parts 95,95, sheet material 96 is installed.

In this embodiment, sheet material 96 is the sheet material that has a lot of apertures, and be fixed in a plurality of hubs 5 of constituting upper cord member 1 above.Sheet material 96 also can be polycarbonate plate, acrylic resin board, aluminium alloy plate or the like.

Like this, between pair of right and left upper cord member 1,1, sheet material 96 is set, can be combined into one left and right sides trussed construction parts 95,95, and reduce the shear strain on the plane that forms by upper cord member 1,1, thereby result from the expansion of reversing and rocking of trussed construction parts 95,95 when reducing people's stair activity greatly.

Sheet material 96 can be mounted to the entire length of crossing over upper cord member 1, perhaps is installed in the part.For example, as shown in figure 40, sheet material 96 ' is fixed on two adjacent hubs 5 of the left and right sides (four altogether), can reduce the shear strain on the plane that forms by these four hubs 5, thereby result from the expansion of reversing and rocking of trussed construction parts 95,95 when reducing people's stair activity greatly.

In stair shown in Figure 39, sheet material 96 is arranged between the left and right sides upper cord member 1,1; Yet, form as an alternative, it also can be arranged between the left and right sides lower edge rod member 2,2, perhaps between the left and right sides upper cord member 1,1 and between the left and right sides lower edge rod member 2,2 sheet material 96 is being set all.

At the trussed construction parts shown in first to the 7th embodiment all is simple Warren truss (Warren truss); Yet, form as an alternative, they also can be Pratt truss (Pratt truss) or Howe truss (Howe truss).

Node component is not limited to such cylindric of hub 5 among this embodiment, also can be the node component of square column or other shapes, the node structure that perhaps has the ball joint form.In addition, lattice parts and framework component also can or be welded to connect by bolt.

(the 9th embodiment)

The stair of present embodiment mainly comprise as shown in figure 41: along with the pair of right and left trussed construction parts 100,100 of stair gradient inclination; Be laid on a plurality of pedals 160 between these trussed construction parts 100,100.And, between adjacent pedal 160,160, toe riser 165 is installed.In Figure 41, omitted handrail.

Trussed construction parts 100 are so-called Warren truss as shown in figure 42, constitute by the upper cord member 110 that tilts along with the stair gradient and lower edge rod member 120 and with the lattice parts 130 that upper cord member 110 and lower edge rod member 120 are connected with each other.In the present embodiment, upper cord member 110 and lower edge rod member 120 45 degree that tilt, lattice parts 130 are configured to relative upper cord member 110 and lower edge rod member 120 45 degree that only tilt.Therefore, in the present embodiment, lattice parts 130 and vertical lattice parts 130 that can the alternate configurations level.In addition, the stair gradient is not limited to 45 degree, can suitably change gradient according to mounting condition.

And, in the present embodiment, between trussed construction parts 100 and building main body K, place back-up block 140,140, between the upper end of trussed construction parts 100 and building main body K, also place back-up block 140,140 equally.

Upper cord member 110 has shown in Figure 43 (a): node component on a plurality of columns (hereinafter referred to as last hub 111) separates predetermined space ground at the stair incline direction and establishes continuously in a straight line; Be arranged on the short upper framework parts 112 of size between the adjacent last hub of stair incline direction 111,111; Last communication means 113 with longer dimension.That is, upper cord member 110 comprises: long last communication means 113, along this go up a plurality of sizes that communication means 113 is provided with continuously than the upper framework parts 112 of weak point, will the adjacent upper framework parts 112 of stair incline direction be interconnected with one another on hub 111.

Lower edge rod member 120 has shown in Figure 43 (a): at the continuous a plurality of column lower node parts that are provided with of stair incline direction (hereinafter referred to as following hub 121); Be arranged on the short following framework component 122 of size between the adjacent following hub of stair incline direction 121,121; Following communication means 123 with longer dimension.That is, lower edge rod member 120 comprises: the short following framework component 122 of the following communication means 123 of a longer dimension, a plurality of sizes that are provided with continuously along this time communication means 123, the following hub 121 that will be interconnected with one another at the adjacent following framework component 122 of stair incline direction.

In the present embodiment, the stair incline direction adjacent on hub 111,111 difference in height and become the riser height size respectively in the difference in height of the adjacent following hub 121,121 of stair incline direction.And, shown in Figure 43 (a), the stair fore-and-aft direction adjacent on hub 111 and following hub 121 be configured to equal height.

Last hub 111 is the short column of the circular section that is made of aluminium alloys system extrusion shown in Figure 44 (a).At the external surface of last hub 111, be provided with 5 along the axis C1 of last hub 111 depression and connect groove 111a, in the central authorities of last hub 111 along axis C1 formation bolt-inserting hole 111b.And the width dimensions that is connected end 112a of the width dimensions of last hub 111 and upper framework parts 112 described later is identical.

The connection groove 111a of last hub 111 as shown in figure 45, it is radial to be with bolt-inserting hole 111b that center configuration becomes, the central angle of adjacent connection groove 111a, 111a is 45 degree.And, be formed with notch at the inwall that connects groove 111a.This connection groove 111a and bolt-inserting hole 111b form when aluminium alloys is carried out extrusion molding.In addition, the shape of last hub 111 is not limited to form shown in the present embodiment with quantity that is connected groove 111a and configuration etc., can suitably change according to stair gradient etc.

And, last hub 111 is shown in Figure 43 (b), its axis C1 is configured to vertical with the truss of trussed construction parts 100 surface T (surface that is formed by upper cord member 110 and lower edge rod member 120), as a result, the connection groove 111a of last hub 111 and bolt-inserting hole 111b (seeing Figure 44 (a)) and the axis of upper cord member 110 and the axis normal of lattice parts 130.In addition, for example in the lateral view shown in Figure 43 (a), the axis C1 of last hub 111 is vertical with paper.

In addition, as shown in figure 45, the connection groove 111a chimeric (insertion) that does not connect upper framework parts 112 grades in connecting groove 111a with the raising aesthetic property, and prevents dust accretions in the size shape groove landfill parts 111f identical with being connected groove 111a.

The structure of following hub 121 is identical with last hub 111, so detailed (seeing Figure 44 (a) and Figure 44 (b)).

Upper framework parts 112 are to form by the aluminium alloys system hollow extrusion casting die of circular section is processed, and shown in Figure 46 (a), have the connection end 112a of tabular at its two ends.Connecting end 112a utilizes pressurizing unit etc. that extrusion process is carried out at the two ends of hollow extrusion to form.

The connection end 112a of upper framework parts 112 can be fitted among the connection groove 111a of hub 111 (seeing Figure 44 (a)), shown in Figure 46 (b), the notch that engages at its leading section and the notch of the inwall that is connected groove 111a is formed on the direction vertical with axis C2.And the front end that connects end 1 12a is cut off in the direction vertical with axis C2.

When being bonded on upper framework parts 112 on the hub 111, shown in Figure 44 (a), the connection end 112a chimeric (insertion) with upper framework parts 112 gets final product to connecting the groove 111a from the end face side of last hub 111.At this moment, do not need welding or special tool, so application property is good.In addition, for landfill is connecting groove 111a and connecting the fine clearance that produces between the 112a of end, can in connecting groove 111a, inject bonding agent etc.

Be fitted to by connection end 112a among the connection groove 111a of hub 111 upper framework parts 112, as shown in figure 45, upper framework parts 112 are formed at connection groove 111a respectively and are bonded with each other, so can not deviate from its axis direction with the notch that is connected end 112a.

And, shown in Figure 46 (b), the connection end 112a of upper framework parts 112 is vertical with its axis C2, so will connect among the connection groove 111a (seeing Figure 44 (a)) that end 112a is fitted to hub 111 time, the axis C2 of upper framework parts 112 is vertical with the axis C1 of last hub 111.In addition, connect the long tabular of axis C1 direction that end 112a forms at last hub 111, so go up the external force of the axis C1 direction of hub 111 relatively, the external force of the stair left and right directions in the promptly relative present embodiment forms high-intensity syndeton.

The structure of following framework component 122 is identical with upper framework parts 112, so detailed (seeing Figure 46 (a) and Figure 46 (b)).

In addition, last hub 111 is configured to make its axis C1 vertical with truss surface T (seeing Figure 43 (b)) with following hub 121, even so under the stair gradient situation different with present embodiment, the connection groove 111a of last hub 111 and following hub 121 be connected groove 121a (seeing Figure 44) often and the axis normal of upper framework parts 112 and time framework component 122.Promptly, the two ends of upper framework parts 112 and following framework component 122 can irrespectively be cut off (seeing Figure 46 (b)) with the stair gradient in the direction with its axis normal, need not change the angle at the two ends of upper framework parts 112 and following framework component 122 according to the stair gradient at any time, so be fit to produce in enormous quantities, production efficiency is good.

Last communication means 113 is extruder members of aluminium alloys system, and in the present embodiment, its length is for (to see Figure 42) from the upper end of upper chord parts 110 up to the lower end.And shown in Figure 47 (b), last communication means 113 is flute profiles of its lower aperture, can take in hub 111 and upper framework parts 112.Particularly, last communication means 113 is made of the pair of right and left side plate 113a, the 113a that contact the both sides end face of going up hub 111 and the upper plate 113b of the upper end that is connected this side plate 113a, 113a.

And shown in Figure 47 (a) and Figure 47 (b), last communication means 113 is fixed on the side end face of hub 111.Be fixed on the hub 111 in order to go up communication means 113, cover upward communication means 113 (seeing Figure 49) from the upside of last hub 111, bolt-inserting hole 111b (seeing Figure 44 (a)) the inserting bolt B11 of hub 111 on the side plate 113a side direction of last communication means 113, the bolt B 11 of the side plate 113a that utilizes nut N 11 to fix to protrude in opposition side.And the bolt B 11 in communication means 113 outsides and nut N 11 mounting cover parts 181 on protruding in are to improve aesthetic property.

Following communication means 123 is extruder members of aluminium alloys system, and in the present embodiment, its length is for (to see Figure 42) from the upper end of lower chord parts 120 up to the lower end.Particularly, shown in Figure 47 (b), following communication means 123 by contact down the side end face of hub 121 inboards side plate 123a and constitute from the lower plate 123b that the downside of the lower ends downward hub 121 of this side plate 123a stretches out, section is the L word shape.

And shown in Figure 47 (a) and Figure 47 (b), following communication means 123 is fixed on down the side end face of hub 121 inboards.In order to descend communication means 123 to be fixed on down on the hub 121, make the side plate 123a contact medial surface of hub 121 down, make lower plate 123b be positioned at the downside of hub 121 down, bolt-inserting hole 121b (seeing Figure 44 (b)) the inserting bolt B11 of hub 121 under the side plate 123a side direction of following communication means 123 utilizes nut N 11 to fix to protrude in down the bolt B 11 of the side end face in hub 121 outsides.And, at bolt B 11 and the nut N 11 mounting cover parts 181 given prominence to from following hub 121, to improve aesthetic property.

The diagram of omission in addition,, is not limited to shape shown, though for example can be flat sheet material as long as the shape of last communication means 113 and following communication means 123 can be installed in the side end face of hub 111 and the side end face of following hub 121.

Lattice parts 130 are to process by the aluminium alloys system hollow extrusion casting die with circular section, by constituting with the upper framework parts 121 identical parts shown in Figure 46 (a).Promptly, have the connection groove 111a that can be fitted to hub 111 and the tabular that is connected groove 121a (seeing Figure 44) of following hub 121 at the two ends of lattice parts 130 and connect end 130a (seeing Figure 45), be formed on direction with axis normal at its leading section and the groove of the notch joint of the inwall that is connected groove 111a.And identical with the upper framework parts 112 shown in Figure 46 (a), the two ends of lattice parts 130 are cut off in the direction with its axis normal.Therefore, the connection end 130a of lattice parts 130 is fitted to the connection groove 111a of hub 111 or down during the connection groove 121a (seeing Figure 44) of hub 121, the axis normal of the axis of lattice parts 130 and each hub 111,121.

In addition, last hub 111 is configured to make its axis C1 vertical with truss surface T (seeing Figure 43 (b)) with following hub 121, even so under the stair gradient situation different with present embodiment, the connection groove 111a of last hub 111 and following hub 121 be connected groove 121a often and the axis normal of lattice parts 130.That is, the two ends of lattice parts 130 can irrespectively be cut off in the direction with its axis normal with the stair gradient, need not change the angle of lattice parts 130 ends at any time according to the stair gradient, so be fit to produce in enormous quantities, production efficiency is good.

Back-up block 140 is extrusions of aluminium alloys system, shown in Figure 48 (a) and Figure 48 (b) and Figure 48 (c), has substrate 141 that contacts with building main body K and a pair of projecting plate of giving prominence to from this substrate 141 142,142.And, shown in Figure 48 (b) and Figure 48 (c), projecting plate 142,142 be spaced apart the size that can insert upper cord member 110 or lower edge rod member 120, in the present embodiment, this equals the width dimensions of communication means 113 at interval.

Under the situation of the upper and lower side that back-up block 140 is installed in upper cord member 110, shown in Figure 48 (b), between the projecting plate 142,142 of back-up block 140, insert the end of upper cord member 110, after being formed at the position alignment of the bolt-inserting hole (not shown) of projecting plate 142 and the bolt-inserting hole 111b of last hub 111 (seeing Figure 44 (a)), from side's projecting plate 142 side inserting bolt B13, utilize nut N 13 to fix and get final product from the opposing party's projecting plate 142 outstanding bolt B 13.And the situation when back-up block 140 is installed in the upper and lower side of lower edge rod member 120 is also identical, but places cushion block 158 (seeing Figure 48 (c)) between the side end face of the projecting plate 142 of back-up block 140 and following hub 121.

In the present embodiment, as Figure 47 and shown in Figure 50,, separate the pedal base 150 that predetermined space ground is provided for installing pedal 160 continuously in the side of upper cord member 110 and lower edge rod member 120.

Pedal base 150 is shown in Figure 47 (a) and Figure 47 (b), in the present embodiment, by with the side (side plate 113a) of last communication means 113 or the fixed head 151 that contact of the side (side plate 123a) of communication means 123 and gripper shoe 152 formations of stretching out to the inside down from the upper end of this fixed head 151, section is the L word shape.

The pedal base 150 of upper cord member 110 sides on fixing when hub 111 and last communication means 113 and they install together.Particularly, on fixing when hub 111 and last communication means 113, make fixed head 151 contact of pedal base 150 go up the side plate 113a of communication means 113, and utilize bolt B 11, nut N 11 that itself and last communication means 113 are fixed on the hub 111 together and (see Figure 47 (a) and Figure 47 (b)).That is, pedal base 150 and last communication means 113 are fixed on the side end face of hub 111 together.Equally, the pedal base 150 of lower edge rod member 120 sides and following communication means 123 are fixed on down the side end face of hub 121 together.

As shown in figure 50, in the present embodiment, pedal 160 is made of with the link 162,162 that is installed in the both side ends of this sheet material 161 sheet material of looking squarely to rectangle 161.

The material of sheet material 161 can be wooden or metal system etc., results from the rigidity of moment of deflection of its central portion and the material-structure parts of intensity but use to have can bear because of vertical load.

Link 162 is extrusions of aluminium alloys system, shown in Figure 47 (b), comprising: the horizontal contact plate 162a that contacts with the side end face of sheet material 161; The following contact plate 162b that stretches out along the back side of sheet material 161 from the lower end of this horizontal contact plate 162a; With from the side of horizontal contact plate 162a laterally level stretch out stretch out plate 162c.And shown in Figure 47 (a), the length of link 162 is for being erected at the pedal base 150 that is installed on hub 111 and being installed on length dimension between the pedal base 150 of the following hub 121 adjacent with the horizontal direction of last hub 111.In addition, link 162 is fixed on the sheet material 161 by squeeze into not shown tapping screw etc. from following contact plate 162b.

Under situation about pedal 160 being installed on the trussed construction parts 100, shown in Figure 47 (a) and Figure 47 (b), on the gripper shoe 152 of pedal base 150 placement link 162 stretch out plate 162c, and with bolt B 12 and nut N 12 fixed support plates 152 with stretch out plate 162c.

The handrail post 172 of handrail 171 and this handrail 171 of support is not limited to structure shown in Figure 42.That is, handrail 171 and handrail post 172 are not the structure members that supports stair self, so can freely select the parts of different shape, moulding, material.

In addition, hub 111 is gone up in handrail post 172 utilizations and following hub 121 is installed.And, also can utilize down the side plate 123a (seeing Figure 47 (b)) of communication means 123 to install.

The making step of the stair of present embodiment is described with reference to Figure 42 to Figure 45 and Figure 49 to Figure 50.

In order to make the stair of present embodiment, as shown in figure 50, two trussed construction parts 100 that are assembled into one are in advance separated predetermined space to be installed on the building main body K, pedal 160 is installed between left and right sides trussed construction parts 100,100 simultaneously, and handrail post 172 and handrail 171 (seeing Figure 42) are installed as required.

For trussed construction parts 100 are assembled into one, at first shown in Figure 49 (a), go up hub 111 configurations in a straight line according to predetermined space with a plurality of, utilize the upper framework parts 112 adjacent last hub 111,111 that is linked in sequence simultaneously, equally with a plurality of down hubs 121 configurations in a straight line, utilize down the framework component 122 adjacent following hub 121,121 that is linked in sequence simultaneously according to predetermined space.Then, in order to engage hub 111 and upper framework parts 112, shown in Figure 44 (a), the connection end 112a of upper framework parts 112 is entrenched among the connection groove 111a of hub 111 and gets final product, in order to engage down hub 121 and following framework component 122, shown in Figure 44 (b), the following connection end 122a of framework component 122 is entrenched in down among the connection groove 121a of hub 121 and gets final product.

Then, utilize lattice parts 130 will go up hub 111 and following hub 121 be joined to one another (seeing Figure 49 (a)).Promptly, extremely shown in Figure 45 as Figure 43, connect end 130a with one of lattice parts 130 and be fitted to 5 of being arranged in hub 111 and connect the connection groove 111a that is connected groove 111a next door that groove 111a and upper framework parts 112 engage, another is connected end 130a be fitted to the connection groove 121a by the groove 121a of being connected that 5 of being arranged in hub 121 down connect groove 121a and following framework component 122 joints.At this moment, 55 of connecting groove 111a and following hub 121 of last hub 111 are connected groove 121a respectively with 45 degree spacings arrangements (seeing Figure 44), lattice parts 130 relative upper framework parts 112 and following framework component 122 inclinations 45 degree.

Then, shown in Figure 49 (a) and Figure 49 (b), cover upward communication means 113 from the top of last hub 111 and upper framework parts 112, aim at the position configuration pedal base 150 of going up hub 111 simultaneously, it is fixing together to utilize bolt B 11, nut N 11 will go up hub 111 and last communication means 113 and pedal base 150.

A plurality of hubs 111 of going up form as one by last communication means 113, and hub 111 rotates along axis in inhibitions, the result, can strengthen trussed construction parts 100 weak direction of principal axis, be the intensity of the stair above-below direction in the present embodiment.That is the flexural rigidity of the interior direction of face of communication means 113 raising trussed construction parts 100 in the utilization.

Equally, dispose communication means 123 down,, utilize bolt B 11, nut N 11 will descend hub 121 and following communication means 123 and pedal base 150 to fix together simultaneously at the side end face of following hub 121 configuration pedal base 150 along following hub 121 and following framework component 122.At this moment, liner 121d is installed, deviates from (seeing Figure 44 (b)) to prevent down framework component 122 and lattice parts 130 outward directions in the side end face in following hub 121 outsides.

A plurality of down hubs 121 form as one by communication means 123 down, suppress down hub 121 along the axis rotation, and the result can strengthen the weak axial intensity of trussed construction parts 100.That is, utilize the flexural rigidity of the interior direction of face of communication means 123 raising trussed construction parts 100 down.

In addition, shown in Figure 49 (b), back-up block 140 is installed respectively at the upper and lower side of upper cord member 110 and the upper and lower side of lower edge rod member 120.

Like this, when assembling trussed construction parts 100, do not need welding or special tool, thus assemble easily, and can cut down connection member, economical and practical.

And, last hub 111 is configured to make its axis vertical with the truss surface with following hub 121, so the outer direction of the face of trussed construction parts 100, be that stair left and right directions in the present embodiment becomes strong direction of principal axis, the external force of left and right directions, distortion have high intensity relatively.

And if trussed construction parts 100 assemble with aforesaid state, then each framework component 112,122 and lattice parts 130 can not deviate to the left and right directions of each hub 111,121.That is, make trussed construction parts 100, even when it is transported to the erecting bed in factory etc., each parts of trussed construction parts 100 can not come off, and, can under the state that a plurality of trussed construction parts 100 are stacked, carry, so handling efficiency is good.

In addition, also can be installed to pedal 160 (state shown in Figure 41 promptly) on the trussed construction parts 100,100 in factory.During this situation, only this assembly is erected at the making that to finish stair on the building main body K.

More than, according to the stair of present embodiment, come traditional stair of sustain pedal different with the heavy components of utilizing similar channel-section steel or I-steel, utilize light weight trussed construction parts 100 sustain pedals 160 of light structures, so have open sense, even be installed in the indoor sense of depression that also do not have.And, employing is fixed on the structure of the side end face of the side end face of hub 111 and following hub 121 with the side end of pedal 160, so when watching these stair from the side, as Figure 42 and shown in Figure 43, the side end face of pedal 160 is positioned at the side of trussed construction parts 100, forms very succinct outward appearance.

And trussed construction parts 100 adopt the side end with pedal 160 to be fixed on the structure of the side end face of the side end face of hub 111 and following hub 121, and the result can utilize pedal 160 with upper cord member 110 and lower edge rod member 120 be joined to one another (seeing Figure 43).That is, upper cord member 110 and lower edge rod member 120 become one securely by lattice parts 130 and pedal 160, so the rigidity of trussed construction parts 100 is very high.And, utilize pedal 160 with hub 111 on each of left and right sides trussed construction parts 100,100 and each down hub 121 be connected with each other, be out of shape so can suppress the displacement of hub 111 and following hub 121 direction outside the face on truss surface.Promptly, each upper cord member 110 of left and right sides trussed construction parts 100,100 and each lower edge rod member 120 are by pedal 160 be connected with each other (seeing Figure 41), can suppress the shear strain on the plane and the plane that left and right sides lower edge rod member 120,120 forms of 110,110 formation of left and right sides upper cord member, the distortion and the lateral wobble that result from stair when as a result, making people's stair activity become very little.

And last hub 111 is made of identical parts with following hub 121, and upper framework parts 112 are made of identical parts with following framework component 122, so part count is few, and the production efficiency height.

In addition, Figure 41 extremely trussed construction parts 100 of stair shown in Figure 50 constitutes, communication means 113 on upper cord member 110 has, has following communication means 123 at lower edge rod member 120, but the trussed construction parts 100 of stair also can constitute shown in Figure 51, utilize the short upper framework parts 112 of a plurality of sizes be located at the stair incline direction continuously and will the adjacent upper framework parts 112 of stair incline direction be interconnected with one another on hub 111 constitute upper cord members 110, utilize the short following framework component 122 of a plurality of sizes of being located at the stair incline direction continuously and will constitute lower edge rod members 120 at the following hub 121 that the adjacent following framework component 122 of stair incline direction is interconnected with one another.

According to this structure, can control the length of upper cord member 110 and lower edge rod member 120 easily.That is, when the numbers of steps of needs change stair, the quantity that only increases and decreases upper framework parts 112 and following framework component 122 gets final product.

And, the trussed construction parts 100 of stair also can constitute shown in Figure 52 (a), the last communication means 113 of utilizing be located at the stair incline direction continuously a plurality of to go up hubs 111 and longer dimension fixed thereon constitutes upper cord members 110, utilizes the following communication means 123 formation lower edge rod members 120 of a plurality of hubs 121 down that are located at the stair incline direction continuously and longer dimension fixed thereon.And shown in Figure 52 (b), also can hollow bulb 113c be set, hollow bulb 123c be set, improve intensity thus in following communication means 123 in last communication means 113.

According to this structure, the part count that constitutes trussed construction parts 100 reduces, so make easily.

In addition, though the diagram of omission also can constitute, for example communication means 113 is gone up in utilization and a plurality of hub 111 of going up constitutes upper cord member 110, the following hub 121 formation lower edge rod members 120 that utilize a plurality of framework components 122 down and they are connected with each other.Suitably decisions such as intensity that these constituted modes can require according to stair and moulding.

And, the pedal base 150 of each stair shown in Figure 41 to Figure 52 is installed on each hub, but the pedal base 150 of the stair shown in Figure 53 (a) and Figure 53 (b) is such, also can adopt the pedal base 150 that is erected on adjacent last hub of fore-and-aft direction 111 and the following hub 121.During this situation, the length of pedal base 150 is the length dimension that can be erected on adjacent last hub of fore-and-aft direction 111 and the following hub 121, and is fixed on the side end face of hub 111 and the side end face of following hub 121.

And, the pedal 160 of the stair shown in Figure 41 to Figure 52 is to be installed on the pedal base 150 by link 162, but be not limited to this structure, the pedal 160 of the stair shown in Figure 53 (a) and Figure 53 (b) is such, can be directly installed on sheet material 161 above the pedal base 150.

According to this structure, the part count that constitutes stair reduces, thus make easily, and utilize pedal base 150 will go up hub 111 and following hub 121 is joined to one another, so the intensity of trussed construction parts 100 is improved.

In addition, in each stair shown in Figure 41 to Figure 52, the pedal base 150 of the side end face by being installed in each hub is installed pedal 160, but the structure of pedal base 150 is not limited thereto, for example the pedal base shown in Figure 54 (a) 150 ' is such, also can constitute to comprise: be erected at the front side crossbearer parts 155 between the adjacent last hub of left and right directions 111,111; And be erected at rear side crossbearer parts 156 between the adjacent following hub of left and right directions 121,121.During this situation, shown in Figure 54 (b), pedal 160 be fixed on the top of front side crossbearer parts 155 and rear side crossbearer parts 156 above.

Herein, front side crossbearer parts 155 are hollow extrusion casting dies of rectangular section, by being fixed on the side end face of hub 111 on the support chip 157,157 that its two ends is inserted in each side end face of going up hub 111,111 about being fixed in.Equally, rear side crossbearer parts 156 are hollow extrusion casting dies of rectangular section, by its two ends being inserted in the side end face that is fixed on down down hub 121 about being fixed on the support chip 157,157 of each side end face of hub 121,121.And the support chip 157 of upper cord member 110 sides and last communication means 113 are fixed on the side end face of hub 111 together, the side end face that the support chip 157 of same lower edge rod member 120 sides and following communication means 123 are fixed on down hub 121 together.

According to this structure, utilize the rear side crossbearer parts 156 that are erected at the front side crossbearer parts 155 between the left and right sides upper cord member 110,110 and are erected between the left and right sides lower edge rod member 120,120 to come sustain pedal 160, so the deflection of the central portion of pedal 160 diminishes.That is, the intensity that pedal 160 self has can be less, so enlarged structure, the Material Selection scope of pedal 160.

And the pedal 160 shown in Figure 55 (a) and Figure 55 (b) is such, and pedal 160 self can utilize the extrusion of hollow to constitute, and its two ends directly is inserted on the support chip 157,157 fixes.That is, the side end of pedal 160 directly can be fixed on the side end face of hub 111 and the side end face of following hub 121.

According to this structure, the part count that constitutes stair reduces, so make easily.

Making the stair gradient when not being the stair of 45 degree, the configuration of the connection groove by changing each hub can be finished making.That is, among the connection groove 111a (seeing Figure 45) of last hub 111 with lattice parts 130 engage be connected groove 111a with being connected of engaging of upper framework parts 112 angle that groove 111a forms be made as with stair gradient angle same and get final product.For example, if the stair gradient is 40 degree, these angles that connect groove 111a, 111a formation is made as 40 degree gets final product.

And, shown in Figure 56, also can utilize pedal base 150 that is installed in hub 111 and the pedal base 150 that is installed in down hub 121 to change its height dimension, the variation of corresponding thus stair gradient.When this situation, the fore-end of lattice parts 130 to the predetermined direction bending, is regulated the axis direction of lattice parts 130, when watching stair from the side, pedal 160 is parallel with lattice parts 130 thus.

(the tenth embodiment)

Below with reference to Figure 57 to 68 stair according to tenth embodiment of the invention are described.

At first, with reference to Figure 57 to 60 overall structure according to the stair of the tenth embodiment is described.

Figure 57 is the overall perspective view according to the whole stair of tenth embodiment of the invention, and Figure 58 is its elevation, and Figure 59 is its lateral view, and Figure 60 is the enlarged drawing of Figure 59.

Shown in Figure 57 to 60, have space truss structure member 210 according to the stair of tenth embodiment of the invention, and these stair comprise mainly: the space truss structure member 210 that tilts along with the gradient of stair as middle cant beam; A plurality of carriages 206 according to each riser height setting; By the pedal 207 of carriage 206 by these space truss structure member 210 supports.Shown in Figure 59 and 60, by being connected the back-up block S1 and the S2 of its lower end, this space truss structure member 210 is fixed on the floor F1 below the stair, and, this space truss structure member 210 is fixed on the beam parts F21 of support floor face F2 by connecting back-up block S3 in the top.In addition, in this embodiment, the side of pedal 207 is fixed on the metope W, and handrail 209 is arranged on another side.

Next to Figure 65 this space truss structure member is described with reference to Figure 61.

Figure 61 is the exploded perspective view according to the stair of tenth embodiment of the invention, and Figure 62 (a) is the view that the X1-X1 along Figure 59 sees; Figure 62 (b) is the view that the X2-X2 along Figure 59 sees; Figure 63 is the view of expression framework component, connection framework component and lattice parts; Figure 64 is an exploded perspective view, and expression is as the hub of node component and the framework component that engages and be connected the assembled state of framework component; Figure 65 is its plan view.

Shown in Figure 61 and 62, this space truss structure member 210 comprises: two upper cord member 210A, 210A that are parallel to each other; The connection framework component 203 of framework shape is used for upper cord member 210A, 210A are joined to one another; A lower edge rod member 210B, it is arranged in the middle below of upper cord member 210A, 210A; And lattice parts 204, it is joined to one another upper cord member 210A, 210A and lower edge rod member 210B.

Upper cord member 210A, 210A are made of a plurality of framework components 201 that couple together by the hub 202A as node component respectively, and lower edge rod member 210B is made of a plurality of framework components 201 that couple together by hub 202B.Therefore, a plurality of framework components 201 can link together along the longitudinal, thereby constitute upper cord member 210A.

Has identical structure because constitute the hub 202A of upper cord member 210A with the hub 202B that constitutes lower edge rod member 210B, so in manual, represent these hubs jointly with " 202 ".

The aluminium alloy hollow extrusion that has circular section by processing can be made framework component 201, and shown in Figure 63 (a) and Figure 63 (b), is provided with tabular at its two ends and connects end 201a.

Apply extrusion process or similar processing by two ends, can form the connection end 201a of framework component 201, and can be fitted to the connection groove 202a interior (seeing Figure 64) of the hub of describing later 202 this hollow extrusion casting die.As shown in Figure 63 (b), this connection end 201a is formed with notch in its end along the direction with the axis normal of framework component 201.Connect end 201a and form, so, form high-intensity connected structure relatively along the axial external force of hub 202 in the long tabular (seeing Figure 64) of the axis direction of hub 202.

Shown in Figure 64, hub 202 is cylindric, and at the external surface of the hub 202 a plurality of connection groove of the axial formation 202a along hub 202, is formed centrally bolt-inserting hole 202b in the end face of hub 202.Hub 202 is aluminium alloy extruded, and forms connection groove 202a and bolt-inserting hole 202b when the extrusion molding aluminium alloys.Also can form hub 202 by casting.

Shown in Figure 65, the connection groove 202a of hub 202 has the terminal identical cross sectional shape with the connection end 201a of framework component 201, so as be connected end 201a and engage.The inwall that connects groove 202a is provided with notch, and these notches engage with the notch that is connected end 201a.In this embodiment, eight connect groove 202a and form radially, form the central angles of 45 degree between the adjacent connection groove 202a; Yet, can according to number of components that will engage with hub 202 and angle change hub 202 shape, be connected the quantity of groove 202a etc.

Shown in Figure 64, to those not with framework component 201, be connected the connection groove 202a that framework component 203 or lattice parts 204 engage, insert and have and the groove landfill parts 202e that is connected groove 202a same size and shape.In this embodiment, therefore the length of the connection groove 202a of hub 202 and the length that is connected end 204a (width) of lattice parts 204 coupling, for example when framework component 201 is inserted into the lower end of hub 202, just produce the gap on the top of groove 202a.In this case, groove landfill parts 202f is inserted into the connection end 201a top of framework component 201, thereby prevents the dislocation of the link position of framework component 201.

When framework component 201 engages with hub 202, if be formed on notch on the connection end 201a of framework component 201 can be above hub 202 side (side perhaps) be fitted to and connect in the groove 202a.At this moment, do not need to weld or special instrument, so application property is good.For landfill is connecting groove 202a and connecting the very little gap that forms between the 201a of end, also can inject bonding agent etc. to connecting groove 202a.

When the connection end of framework component 201 201a is fitted to the connection groove 202a of hub 202, shown in Figure 65, is formed on each and connects groove 202a and be engaged with each other, so framework component 201 can axially not deviate from it with notch on being connected end 201a.

In addition, shown in Figure 64,, thereby prevent that framework component 201 and lattice parts 204 from deviating from the top and bottom retaining washer 202d of the hub 202B that constitutes lower edge rod member 201B.Through bolt B17 and nut N 17 with the bolt-inserting hole 202b that inserts hub 202B fix packing ring 202d.At the top and bottom of hub 202B connection cover parts 202c, hide bolt B 17 and nut N 17 to cover.

On the other hand, on the hub 202A that constitutes upper cord member 210A, be provided with carriage 206 (seeing Figure 60), and packing ring 202d only is installed below.

By processing aluminium alloy hollow extrusion can make with Figure 63 (a) and the framework component 201 shown in Figure 63 (b) similar be connected framework component 203, and have tabular connection end 203a at its two ends.Form the notch of the cross sectional shape identical at this end that connects end 203a, thereby can be fitted in the connection groove 202a of hub 202 with the connection end 201a of framework component 201.

As framework component 201, can make lattice parts 204 by the hollow extrusion casting die of processing aluminium alloys, and shown in Figure 63 (c) and figure (d), the lattice parts has tabular and connects end 204a at its two ends.In addition, be formed with notch at the end that connects end 204a, but the axis angulation α of the relative lattice parts 204 of its direction (below be called punching press angle α).This connection end 204a has the identical cross sectional shape of connection end 201a with framework component 201, thereby can be pressed among the connection groove 202a that is fitted to hub 202.Lattice parts 204 engage with hub 202 with the state of the punching press angle α that axially only tilts of its axially relative hub 202.

Figure 66 (a) is the sectional drawing of cutting open along the X3-X3 line of Figure 59; Figure 66 (b) is the view (see this space truss structure member from the direction of stair gradient, see this carriage and pedal from the stair frontal) that the X4-X4 along Figure 59 sees; Figure 67 (a) is the stereogram of carriage, and Figure 67 (b) is the lateral view of carriage.

The carriage 206 that is installed on upper cord member 210A, the 210A is the aluminium alloy hollow extrusions with polygon section, and shown in Figure 67 (a) and Figure 67 (b), the pedal bearing surface 206a that has sustain pedal 207 in the above, have joint face 206b in its lower section, and be installed in upper cord member 210A hub 202A above.

Joint face 206b tilts along with the gradient of stair with respect to pedal bearing surface 206a.In other words, when joint face 206b is installed in hub 202A above the time, pedal bearing surface 206a be the level of state (seeing Figure 60).

Peristome at carriage 206 is installed the cover 206c (seeing Figure 60) that covers hiding this opening.

In this embodiment, shown in Figure 66 (b), adjacent upper cord member 210A, 210A are joined to one another by carriage 206.

Pedal 207 is by timber or metal sheet material, and shown in Figure 66 (a) and Figure 66 (b), it is fixedly fastened on the pedal bearing surface 206 of carriage 206.In this embodiment, have the plate 207a that is hidden in pedal 207 the insides, be used to screw screw B16.

Figure 68 (a), Figure 68 (b) and Figure 68 (c) are the lateral views of back-up block.

Shown in Figure 68 (a), back-up block S1 comprises: floor contact surface S11, and it contacts with floor F1 below the stair; Hub contact surface S12, it contacts below hub 202A; And locking member S13, be used for hub 202A location and fixing.Shown in Figure 60, back-up block S1 is arranged in below the hub 202A of the lower end of upper cord member 210A and between the floor F1 below the stair.Hub contact surface S12 tilts along with the gradient of stair with respect to floor contact surface S11.

Shown in Figure 68 (b), back-up block S2 comprises: floor contact surface S21, and it contacts with floor F1 below the stair; Hub contact surface S22, it contacts below hub 202B; And locking member S23, be used for hub 202B location and fixing.Shown in Figure 60, back-up block S2 is arranged in below the hub 202B of the lower end of lower edge rod member 210B and between the floor F1 below the stair.Hub contact surface S22 tilts along with the gradient of stair with respect to floor contact surface S21.

Shown in Figure 68 (c), back-up block S3 comprises: beam contact surface S31, and it contacts with the side of beam parts F21 of floor above supporting stair; Hub contact surface S32, it contacts below hub 202A; And locking member S33, be used for hub 202A location and fixing.Shown in Figure 60, back-up block S3 is arranged in below the hub 202A of the upper end of upper cord member 210A and between the side of beam parts F21.Hub contact surface S32 tilts along with the gradient of stair with respect to beam contact surface S31.

Back-up block S1, S2 and S3 are aluminium alloy extruded.The shape that the shape of these back-up blocks is not limited to illustrate can be improved according to the situation of the installation site of stair.

Below with reference to Figure 59 to 62, Figure 64 and Figure 66 making step according to the stair of tenth embodiment of the invention is described.

At first, the making step with this space truss structure member 210 is described below.Shown in Figure 61, by with hub 202A with framework component 201, connect framework component 203 and lattice parts 204 are joined together, and framework component 201 and lattice parts 204 are joined together with hub 202B, can constitute this space truss structure member 210.

Describe the making step of space truss structure member 210 in detail with reference to Figure 62 (a) and Figure 62 (b).At first, four lattice parts 204 are joined together with the spacing of 90 degree with a hub 202B who constitutes lower edge rod member 210B.At this moment, the connection end 204a of lattice parts 204 forms punching press angle α (seeing Figure 63 (d)), thus lattice parts 204 with the axis of relative hub 202B only the state of tilt alpha be engaged.After being ready to a plurality of such conjugants and arranging their in line, framework component 201 sequentially is joined together with adjacent hub 202B, 202B, thereby constitutes lower edge rod member 210B.In addition, by hub 202A the upper end of adjacent lattice parts 204,204 is joined to one another.Then, use along axial adjacent hub 202A, 202A framework component 201 is coupled together, to constitute upper cord member 210A, and use along with this axial vertical direction on adjacent hub 202A, 202A will be connected framework component 203 and couple together, thereby two upper cord member 210A, 210A are joined to one another.

As the result of this assembling, lower edge rod member 210B be positioned at upper cord member 210A, 210A in the middle of the below, this makes when these space truss structure member 210 formation dels (seeing Figure 66 (b)) when axially seeing.When seeing this space truss structure member 210 from the side, form Warren truss (seeing Figure 59).

Result as assembling intersects on the axis of framework 1 to the axis normal of the axis of hub 202A and hub 202B.In other words, intersect with upper cord member 210A to the axis normal of hub 202A, the axis normal ground of hub 202B intersects with lower edge rod member 210B.Like this, hub 202A and hub 202B be arranged to make they to be connected groove 202a vertical with the incline direction of stair with bolt-inserting hole 202b (seeing Figure 64).The end face of hub 202A and hub 202B tilts along with the gradient of stair.

In addition, the number of assembling steps of this space truss structure member 210 can improve, and is not necessarily limited to abovementioned steps.

After constituting this space truss structure member 210, shown in Figure 60, carriage 206 is laid in upper cord member 210A hub 202A above, and will penetrate bolt B 15 below hub 202A in the side inserting bolt patchhole 202b, thus with carriage 206 be fixed on hub 202A above.A side is installed packing ring 202d with anti-detachment (seeing Figure 64) below hub 202A.

Shown in Figure 64, will prevent that packing ring 202d that framework component 201 and lattice parts 204 are deviate from is installed in the top and bottom of the hub 202B of lower edge rod member 210B, and with penetrating bolt B 17 and nut N 17 is fixed.In addition, will penetrate bolt B 17 with cover 202c and nut N 17 covers.

Next, space truss structure member 210 is placed between floor F1 below the stair and the beam parts F21 above the stair (seeing Figure 59).Like this, below the hub 202A of upper cord member 210A lower end and between the floor F1 below the stair, be provided with back-up block S1, below the hub 202B of lower chord spare 210B lower end and between the floor F1 below the stair, be provided with back-up block S2, and between hub 202A on upper cord member 210A and the beam parts F21 above the stair, back-up block S3 be set.

When according to aforementioned stair gradient this space truss structure member 210 being set, the pedal bearing surface 206a of carriage 206 is the level of state.

Then, pedal 207 is laid on the pedal bearing surface 206a, and screws in the plate 207a that is hidden in the pedal 207 from carriage 206 the insides with bolt B 16, thus carriage 206 and pedal 207 is fixing.In case of necessity, shown in Figure 66 (a) and Figure 66 (b), the side of pedal 207 is fixed on the reception part 208 that is contained on the metope W.

At last, handrail 209 is installed on the side of pedal 207, thereby finishes the making of stair.

The above-mentioned making step of stair is an example, can make improvements.This space truss structure member 210 can be assembled in factory in advance, perhaps assembles in the stair infield.In either case, only just can be easily and accurately make this space truss structure member by the assembling above-mentioned parts, these parts have formed aforesaid shape and size in advance.

Like this, only by assembling or screw the parts that connection formed aforementioned dimensions and shape and just can build stair.This is because no longer need to carry out complicated processing in the job location, and no longer needs special tool or welding, and this can make not too skilled workman finish the task of building stair easily.In addition, the quantity of link can reduce, so economical and practical.

In addition, use this space truss structure member 210, make that stair traditional stair than the heavy components of using channel-section steel for example or i shaped steel on weight are lighter, thereby help construction processing as middle cant beam.Particularly, by the performance aluminium alloys from intensity weight lighter and incorrosive advantage, make the stair that this space truss structure member 210 and carriage 206 can be built light structures with aluminium alloys.Therefore, such stair can be directly applied for the flooring structure of conventional wooden house.

By increasing or reduce the quantity of connected framework component 201 in upper cord member 210A and lower edge rod member 210B, can easily control the length (numbers of steps) of whole stair.When the gradient of stair to some extent during difference, the carriage of only carriage 206 being replaced by with stair gradient coupling gets final product.Therefore, needn't change the size or the shape of framework component 201, hub 202, connection framework component 203 and lattice parts 204, just can build the stair that structure has different numbers of steps or gradient, in other words, can make each parts that constitute this space truss structure member 210 in batches, thereby enhance productivity.

Owing to be the middle body of sustain pedal 207, so it is less to result from the deflection of pedal 207.As in this embodiment, the side of pedal 207 is fixed on the metope W can further stablizes pedal 207, and front W is positioned at a side of pedal 207, can give pedestrian on stair with the sensation of safety.

This space truss structure member 210 is made of two upper cord member 210A and a lower edge rod member 210B, when it forms del (seeing Figure 66 (b)) when the incline direction of stair is seen, thereby forms succinct outward appearance.In addition,,, can excessively not hinder the visual field, thereby produce the interior space of the bright cleaning that does not have sense of depression so have lightweight, open sense owing to be trussed construction.In addition, because carriage 206 be fixed on this space truss structure member 210 upper cord member 210A, 210A above, and pedal 207 be fixedly fastened on carriage 206 above, be positioned at pedal 207 tops so can prevent this space truss structure member 210, form succinct outward appearance.Therefore, for example shown in Figure 57, when the stair built along front W according to this embodiment, this metope W and space truss structure member 210 can not overlap each other on pedal 207, can not destroy the aesthetic property of stair like this.

Because can limit upper cord member 210A, the 210A of this space truss structure member 210 displacement and distortion at left and right directions by connecting framework component 203, so improved the torsional rigid of whole stair and the flexural rigidity of left and right directions, resulted from the distortion or the lateral wobble of stair when having suppressed people's stair activity so greatly.

(the 11 embodiment)

Describe stair referring now to Figure 69 in detail to Figure 72 according to eleventh embodiment of the invention.With give identical reference number according to the identical parts of the stair of the tenth embodiment, and save the description of repetition.

Figure 69 is the exploded perspective view according to the stair of eleventh embodiment of the invention; Figure 70 (a) is illustrated in the upper cord member in the space truss structure member of the stair that constitute second embodiment of the invention and the plan view of the layout that is connected framework component, Figure 70 (b) is the lower edge rod member of expression in this space truss structure member and the plan view of the layout of lattice parts, and Figure 70 (c) is the lateral view of this space truss structure member; Figure 71 is the lateral view according to the stair of first embodiment of the invention; Figure 72 is the enlarged side view at Figure 71.Figure 70 (a) is the view that the X5-X5 along Figure 71 sees, Figure 70 (b) is the view that the X6-X6 along Figure 71 sees.

As Figure 69 to shown in Figure 72, according to the stair of eleventh embodiment of the invention space truss structure member 220 as middle cant beam, comprising: the space truss structure member 220 that tilts along with the stair gradient; A plurality of carriages 206 according to each riser height layout; By the pedal 207 of carriage 206 by these space truss structure member 220 supports.Shown in Figure 71 and 72, this space truss structure member 220 is fixed on the floor F1 below the stair by back-up block S1, the S2 that is connected its lower end, and is fixed on the beam parts F21 that supports the floor F2 above the stair by the back-up block S3 that connects in the top.In this embodiment, in end, the left and right sides handrail 209 is installed.Carriage 206, pedal 207 and handrail 209 have and the identical structure of parts described in the tenth embodiment, therefore omit detailed description at this.

Shown in Figure 69 and 70, this space truss structure member 220 comprises: two parallel upper cord member 220A, 220A; Connect framework component 203 and diagonal angle link 205, be used for upper cord member 220A, 220A are joined to one another; A lower edge rod member 220B, it is positioned at the middle below of upper cord member 220A, 220A; And lattice parts 204, it couples together upper cord member 220A, 220A and lower edge rod member 220B.

Upper cord member 220A, 220A are made of a plurality of framework components 201 that couple together by the hub 222A as node component respectively, and lower edge rod member 220B is made of a plurality of framework components 210 that couple together by hub 222B.Framework component 201, connection framework component 203 have the structure identical with the parts of describing with lattice parts 204 in the tenth embodiment, therefore omit their detailed description.

Diagonal angle link 205 can be made by processing aluminium alloy hollow extrusion with the same at the framework component 201 shown in Figure 63 (a) and Figure 63 (b), and has tabular connection end at its two ends.End in this connection end is formed with the notch of the cross sectional shape identical with the connection end 201a of framework component 201, thereby can be fitted in the connection groove of hub 222A.It is vertical with upper cord member 220A, 220A that this connects framework component 203, and diagonal angle link 205 tilts to intersect with upper cord member 220A, 220A.Particularly, shown in Figure 70 (a), above the space truss structure member 220, form the rectangular frame body with the connection framework component 203 that is connected left and right sides upper cord member 220A by the framework component 201 that constitutes upper cord member 220A at this.Diagonal angle link 205 structural configuration on the diagonal of this frame body, thereby with upper cord member 220A, 220A and connect framework component 203 and form truss above the space truss structure member 220 at this.

Hub 222A, 222B have the structure identical with the hub 202 shown in Figure 64, but only along with framework component 201, connect the direction that framework component 203, lattice parts 204 or diagonal angle link 205 couple together, form on its outer surface and connect groove (have with the tenth embodiment in the identical structure of connection groove 202a described).This structure can not can expose no connection groove, thereby no longer needs groove landfill parts 202e, obtains succinct outward appearance.

Shown in Figure 70 (a) and 70 (b), lattice parts 204 and diagonal angle link 205 identical direction when being arranged in and looking squarely; But in this case, constitute the longer dimension (seeing Figure 70 (c)) of the hub 222A of upper cord member 220A, and sequentially lattice parts 204 are bonded on same the connection in the groove with diagonal angle link 205.

Like this, at this above space truss structure member 220, diagonal angle link 205 is arranged in by on framework component 201 and the diagonal that is connected the frame body that framework component 203 forms, the torsional rigid and the flexural rigidity (particularly left and right directions) of space truss structure member 220 can be improved widely, the shear strain of these frame bodies can be suppressed like this.That is: when when people's stair activity, being applied in unbalanced load, can suppress to result from the distortion or the lateral wobble of space truss structure member 220 greatly.

Shown in Figure 72, the lower end of this space truss structure member 220 is fixed on the floor F1 below the stair by back-up block S1, S2, and its upper end is fixed on the beam parts F21 that supports the floor F2 above the stair by back-up block S3.Back-up block S1, S2 shown in Figure 72 and S3 are different with the back-up block shown in Figure 68 on global shape; Yet major part has identical structure.

Particularly, back-up block S1 has and the following contacted hub contact surface of hub 222A and the floor contact surface that contacts with floor F1 below the stair; Back-up block S2 has and the following contacted hub contact surface of hub 222B and the floor contact surface that contacts with floor F1 below the stair.Back-up block S3 have with the following contacted hub contact surface of hub 222A and with the contacted beam contact surface in side of the beam parts F21 that supports the floor above the stair.These hub contact surfaces tilt along with the gradient of stair.

Above-described stair according to the 11 embodiment are similar to the stair of the tenth embodiment, and outward appearance is succinct, have brisk, open sense, can exceedingly not hinder the visual field, thereby produce the interior space of the bright cleaning that does not have sense of depression.In addition, the torsional rigid of space truss structure member 220 and flexural rigidity (particularly left and right directions) height does not reverse and lateral wobble so can not produce when people's stair activity.In other words, pedal 207 need not be fixed on the metope, and only just can guarantee the stability of pedal 207, so stair can freely be set by this space truss structure member 220.

When carriage 206 is considered as structure member, can save connection framework component 203, only can connect upper cord member 220A, 220A by diagonal angle link 205.

In the various embodiments described above, this space truss structure member is by the lattice parts two upper cord members and a lower edge rod member to be coupled together to constitute, yet the quantity of upper cord member and lower edge rod member is not limited thereto; Shown in the 12 embodiment, this space truss structure member can be made of the upper cord member and the lower edge rod member of greater number as will be described.

(the 12 embodiment)

Describe the stair of the 12nd embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to Figure 73 and Figure 74.With give identical reference number according to the identical parts of the stair of aforementioned each embodiment, and save the description of repetition.

Figure 73 is the exploded perspective view according to the stair of twelveth embodiment of the invention, and Figure 74 watches the space truss structure member of stair shown in Figure 73, watches the schematic diagram of carriage and pedal from the stair frontal from the stair incline direction.

According to the stair of twelveth embodiment of the invention, shown in Figure 73, comprising: along with the space truss structure member 230 of stair gradient inclination; A plurality of carriages 231 according to each riser height layout; By the pedal 207 of carriage 231 by these space truss structure member 230 supports.And, this space truss structure member 230 is fixed on the floor below the stair by the back-up block (seeing Figure 68 (a) and Figure 68 (b)) that is connected its lower end, and is fixed on the beam parts that support the floor above the stair by the back-up block (seeing Figure 68 (c)) that connects in the top.Shown in Figure 74, in this embodiment, the side of pedal 207 is fixed on the metope W, at its another side handrail 209 is installed.And pedal 207 has and the identical structure of parts described in the tenth embodiment with handrail 209, therefore omits detailed description at this.In addition, the same with aforementioned each embodiment, also can not be fixed on the metope W.

Shown in Figure 73 and 74, space truss structure member 230 comprises: three upper cord member 230A that are parallel to each other; Be positioned at the lower edge rod member 230B of the middle below of adjacent upper cord member 230A, 230A; Connect framework component 203, be used for adjacent each upper cord member 230A and adjacent each lower edge rod member 230B are joined to one another; And lattice parts 204, it couples together upper cord member 230A and lower edge rod member 230B.

That is, space truss structure member 240 has three upper cord member 230A and two lower edge rod member 230B, shown in Figure 74, roughly is trapezoidal when the stair incline direction is watched.

Upper cord member 230A is made of a plurality of framework components 201 that couple together by hub 202A, and lower edge rod member 230B is made of a plurality of framework components 201 that couple together by hub 202B.Framework component 201, hub 202A, 202B, connection framework component 203 and lattice parts 204 have the structure identical with the parts of describing in the tenth embodiment, therefore omit their detailed description.

In addition, carriage 231 only its length is different with the carriage 206 shown in Figure 67, and other structures are identical, so detailed.

By such formation space truss structure member 230, compare with the space truss structure member 210 of the tenth embodiment, more stably sustain pedal 207.

And, during than the wideer pedal of pedal 207, be connected more upper cord member 230A and lower edge rod member 230B in support width in the side of upper cord member 230A and lower edge rod member 230B, thus can be corresponding easily.In addition, lower edge rod member 230B is positioned at the middle below of adjacent upper cord member 230A, so its quantity often is to lack one than upper cord member 230A.

And, even utilize upper cord member and plural lower edge rod member more than three to constitute the space truss structure member, still can form succinct outward appearance, and have brisk, open sense, can excessively not hinder the visual field, so can produce the bright interior space that does not have sense of depression.

(the 13 embodiment)

Describe the stair of the 13rd embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to Figure 75 and Figure 76.With give identical reference number according to the identical parts of the stair of aforementioned each embodiment, and save the description of repetition.

Figure 75 be from the stair incline direction watch the stair of the 13rd embodiment of the present invention the space truss structure member, watch the schematic diagram of carriage and pedal from the stair frontal, Figure 76 is its lateral view.

Shown in Figure 75 and Figure 76, the stair according to thriteenth embodiment of the invention comprise: along with the space truss structure member 240 of stair gradient inclination; A plurality of carriages 231 according to each riser height layout; By the pedal 207 of carriage 23 1 by these space truss structure member 240 supports.And this space truss structure member 240 is fixed on the floor F1 below the stair by back-up block S1, the S2 that is connected its lower end, and is fixed on the beam parts F21 that supports the floor F2 above the stair by the back-up block S3 that connects in the top.Shown in Figure 75, in this embodiment, the side of pedal 207 is fixed on the metope W, at its another side handrail 209 is installed.And, pedal 207 with handrail 209 and back-up block S1, S2, therefore S3 has and the identical structure of parts described in the tenth embodiment, omits detailed description at this.

Shown in Figure 75 and 76, space truss structure member 240 comprises: three upper cord member 240A that are parallel to each other; Be positioned at the lower edge rod member 240B of the middle below of adjacent upper cord member 240A, 240A; Connect framework component 203, be used for adjacent each upper cord member 240A and adjacent each lower edge rod member 240B are joined to one another; And lattice parts 204, it couples together upper cord member 240A and lower edge rod member 240B.And, floor F2 on stair and the middle part of the floor F1 below the stair, the configuration second lower edge rod member 240C utilizes lattice parts 204 that lower edge rod member 240B, 240B are coupled together below the centre of adjacent lower edge rod member 240B, 240B.

That is, space truss structure member 230 has three upper cord member 240A and two lower edge rod member 240B, and the middle part of floor F2 on stair and the floor F1 below the stair has one second lower edge rod member 240C.

Upper cord member 240A is made of a plurality of framework components 201 that couple together by hub 202A, and lower edge rod member 240B is made of a plurality of framework components 201 that couple together by hub 242B, and the second lower edge rod member 240C is made of a plurality of framework components 201 that couple together by hub 242C.Framework component 201, hub 202A, connection framework component 203 have the structure identical with the parts of describing with lattice parts 204 in the tenth embodiment, therefore omit their detailed description.

In addition, carriage 231 only its length is different with the carriage 206 shown in Figure 67, and other structures are identical, so detailed.

The structure of hub 242B is identical with the hub 202 shown in Figure 64, is connected with two lattice parts 204 but connect groove at one, so its length is longer than hub 202.Other structures are identical with hub 202, so detailed.In addition, the structure of hub 242C is with identical with hub 202, so detailed.

Like this, according to the stair of the 13 embodiment, the configuration second lower edge rod member 240C below the centre of lower edge rod member 240B, 240B, the flexural rigidity (particularly above-below direction) of raising space truss structure member 240.Therefore, can suppress the deflection of space truss structure member 240 greatly.

Space truss structure member 240 shown in Figure 75 has three upper cord member 240A and two lower edge rod member 240B and one second lower edge rod member 240C, the result forms del, but, though for example omit diagram, if but upper cord member 240A is four, then lower edge rod member 240B becomes three, and the second lower edge rod member 240C becomes two, forms trapezoidal.And, if upper cord member 240A is two, because lower edge rod member 240B becomes one, so the second lower edge rod member 240C only disposes one under lower edge rod member 240B.

(the 14 embodiment)

Describe the stair of the 14th embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to Figure 77.With give identical reference number according to the identical parts of the stair of aforementioned each embodiment, and save the description of repetition.

Figure 77 is the exploded perspective view of the stair of the 14th embodiment of the present invention.

According to the stair of the 14 embodiment, configuration sheet material 251 on the space truss structure member 210 of the stair of aforementioned the tenth embodiment is fixed on this sheet material 251 on a plurality of hub 202A simultaneously.That is, utilize sheet material 251 that adjacent upper cord member 210A, 210A are joined to one another.

In addition, space truss structure member 210 is identical with the stair of the tenth embodiment, so detailed.

In the present embodiment, sheet material 251 is made of the aluminium alloy plate that break-through is provided with a plurality of apertures, and is fixed on above a plurality of hub 202A that constitute upper cord member 210A.In addition, sheet material 251 can be polycarbonate plate, third rare resin plate, wooden plate etc.

According to the stair of the 14 embodiment, utilize sheet material 251 to retrain the mutual alignment relation of a plurality of hub 202A, the result can suppress the shear strain on the plane (upper surface of space truss structure member 210) of a plurality of hub 202A formation.Promptly, utilize sheet material 251 that left and right sides upper cord member 210A, 210A are joined to one another, left and right sides upper cord member 210A, 210A are formed as one, suppress the shear strain of the upper surface (plane that upper cord member 210A, 210A form) of space truss structure member 210, as a result, result from the distortion and the lateral wobble of space truss structure member 210,210 in the time of people's stair activity can being suppressed greatly.

And, utilize the distortion of the upper surface of sheet material 251 inhibition space truss structure members 210, so can realize connecting the light structures of framework component 203 and carriage 206.And, only can fully suppress the distortion of the upper surface of space truss structure member 210 by sheet material 251, also can omit connection framework component 203.

In addition, sheet material 251 can be mounted to the entire length of crossing over upper cord member 210A, also can be installed on its part.And, though the diagram of omission, also can be at a plurality of sheet materials of stair incline direction devices spaced apart ground configuration.

(the 15 embodiment)

Describe the stair of the 15th embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to Figure 78 to Figure 80.With give identical reference number according to the identical parts of the stair of aforementioned each embodiment, and save the description of repetition.

Figure 78 (a) and Figure 78 (b) are the exploded perspective views of the stair of the 15th embodiment of the present invention.In Figure 78 (a), carriage and pedal have been omitted.Figure 79 (a) watches the space truss structure member, watches the schematic diagram (be equivalent to see along the X4-X4 of Figure 59 view) of carriage and pedal from the stair frontal from the stair incline direction, Figure 79 (b) is the schematic diagram of variation of the stair of the 15 embodiment, and Figure 80 (a) and Figure 80 (b) and Figure 80 (c) are the schematic diagram of its variation equally.

Stair according to the 15 embodiment, shown in Figure 78 (a), reinforcement 261A in the upper cord member 210A configuration of the space truss structure member 210 of the stair of aforementioned the tenth embodiment, and be fixed on the continuous hub 202A more than three that constitutes upper cord member 210A, dispose reinforcement 261B down along lower edge rod member 210B simultaneously, and be fixed on the continuous hub 202B more than three that constitutes lower edge rod member 210B.That is, dispose reinforcement 261A and following reinforcement 261B respectively, to strengthen the weak axial intensity at this hub junction surface partly along upper cord member 210A and lower edge rod member 210B.

In addition, space truss structure member 210 is identical with the stair of the tenth embodiment, so detailed.

Shown in Figure 78 (a), the flat board 261 (so-called flat) that last reinforcement 261A and following reinforcement 261B are aluminium alloys systems, in the present embodiment, their the length entire length with upper cord member 210A and lower edge rod member 210B respectively is identical.And, aim at hub 202A (hub 202B) break-through dull and stereotyped 261 a plurality of bolts hole be set.

In addition, dull and stereotyped 261 may not non-ly have the rigidity of high above-below direction (thickness of slab direction), but the rigidity of its left and right directions (width) is big, therefore can fully improve upper cord member 210A and lower edge rod member 210B the rigidity of left and right directions.

For last reinforcement 261A (dull and stereotyped 261) being fixed on the hub 202A that constitutes upper cord member 210A top, shown in Figure 78 (a), reinforcement 261A in the placement on hub 202A, shown in Figure 78 (b), placement carriage 206 on last reinforcement 261A, make then bolt (not shown) below hub 202A in the perforation reinforcement 261A one straight cutting lead to the inside of carriage 206, and utilize nut (not shown) to fix to get final product.At this moment, carriage 206 also by this nut, bolt be fixed on reinforcement 261A above.

And, for following reinforcement 261B (dull and stereotyped 261) is fixed on the hub 202B that constitutes lower edge rod member 210B below, shown in Figure 78 (a), under the state under making below the reinforcement 261B contact hub 202B, above making bolt (not shown) straight cutting leading to below hub 202B, and utilize nut (not shown) to fix to get final product.In addition, shown in Figure 79 (a), under the situation that has disposed time reinforcement 261B, below this time reinforcement 261B contact hub 202B, prevent that framework component 201 and lattice parts 204 downward directions from deviating from, so can omit the liner 202d shown in Figure 64.

Stair according to the 15 embodiment, the a plurality of hub 202A that constitute upper cord member 210A form as one by last reinforcement 261A, improve the flexural rigidity of the left and right directions (weak direction of principal axis) of upper cord member 210A, result, the lateral wobble in the time that people's stair activity can especially being suppressed.Promptly, by last reinforcement 261A at least three hub 202A are formed as one, at least the hub 202A in the middle of being positioned at is strengthened in the direction of its axis rotation relatively, so can improve the flexural rigidity of the left and right directions of upper cord member 210A, suppresses the distortion of its left and right directions.

Equally, can improve the flexural rigidity of the left and right directions (weak direction of principal axis) of lower edge rod member 210B, improve the torsional rigid of trussed construction parts, distortion and lateral wobble in the time of can especially suppressing people's stair activity by following reinforcement 261B.

And, if use the such length of present embodiment as the last reinforcement 261A of the entire length of upper cord member 210A and length as lower edge rod member 210B the following reinforcement 261B of entire length, space truss structure member 210 is all strengthened on entire length, for example, can make to connect framework component 203 and carriage 206 formation light structures, and can omit connection framework component 203.In addition, omitting under the situation that connects framework component 203, the space truss structure member 210 ' shown in Figure 79 (b) is joined to one another left and right sides upper cord member 210A, 210A by carriage 206 like that.

In addition, the shape of last reinforcement 261A and following reinforcement 261B is not limited to shape shown in Figure 79 (a) and Figure 79 (b).

For example, can be the section bar parts 262 of the such L shaped section of the last reinforcement 261A shown in Figure 80 (a), same, also can be the section bar parts 263 of the grooved profiles of the such top opening of following reinforcement 261B.

The section bar parts 262 of L shaped section are by constituting along the upper plate 262a of the upside of upper cord member 210A configuration with from the sagging side plate 262b of its side end, and section is L shaped.During this situation, upper plate 262a helps to improve the rigidity of the left and right directions of upper cord member 210A.And though side plate 262b also has the effect of the rigidity of the above-below direction that improves upper cord member 210A, it mainly acts on is to cover the side that hides upper cord member 210A, improves the stair side face appearance.That is, utilize side plate 262b to cover and hide the gap that results between framework component 201 and the upper plate 262a, so form succinct appearance design.

The section bar parts 263 of grooved profiles form grooved profiles by constituting along the lower plate 263a of the downside of lower edge rod member 210B configuration and the incline direction along lattice parts 204 erects setting up from its two side ends side plate 263b, 263b.During this situation, lower plate 263a helps to improve the rigidity of the left and right directions of lower edge rod member 210B.And though side plate 263b, 263b also have the effect of the rigidity of the above-below direction that improves lower edge rod member 210B, it mainly acts on is to cover the side that hides lower edge rod member 210B, improves the stair side face appearance.That is, utilize side plate 263b to cover and hide the gap that results between framework component 201 and the lower plate 263a, so can form succinct outward appearance.

In addition, the main effect of aforesaid reinforcement 261A of going up and following reinforcement 261B is the rigidity that improves the left and right directions of upper cord member 210A and lower edge rod member 210B, but the loading that also can make each reinforcement 261A, 261B actively share above-below direction.

For example shown in Figure 80 (b), if section bar parts 264 with hollow bulb 264a as last reinforcement 261A, then the profile performance of section bar parts 264 improves, so not only improve the rigidity of left and right directions, also can improve the rigidity of above-below direction.And shown in Figure 80 (c), the section bar parts 265 that also its part can be had hollow bulb 265a are configured to make this hollow bulb 265a to be positioned at the side of upper cord member 210A (or lower edge rod member 210B).The sidepiece of the section bar parts 265 shown in Figure 80 (c) has hollow bulb 265a, so not only improve the rigidity of left and right directions and the above-below direction of upper cord member 210A, also can utilize hollow bulb 265a to cover and hide upper cord member 210A, so can make the stair side form succinct outward appearance.

In addition, last reinforcement 261A and following reinforcement 261B preferably dispose along the entire length of upper cord member 210A or lower edge rod member 210B, but when utilizing the short parts of a plurality of sizes to constitute each reinforcement, preferably that each size is short parts are fixed on the continuous hub 202 more than three, make the short parts connecting portion to each other of size overlapping on hub 202 simultaneously, more preferably make this connecting portion overlapping on two continuous hubs 202.For example, though the diagram of omission, but under the situation that upper cord member 210A is made of 10 hub 202A and 9 framework components 201 (seeing Figure 59), utilize the short parts of two sizes constitute on during reinforcement 261A, preferably make each size form the length that can be fixed on 6 continuous hubs 202 than the length of short parts, the parts that a part of size is short are fixed on from below on 6 hubs 202, simultaneously that another part size is short parts are fixed on from above on 6 hubs 202, and size is overlapped each other on 2 continuous hubs 202 end of short parts.Like this, even utilize the short parts of a plurality of sizes to constitute when going up reinforcement 261A, also can obtain to constitute stiffening effect identical when going up reinforcement 261A with the parts that utilize a longer dimension.

(the 16 embodiment)

With reference to Figure 81 to Figure 83 the 16th embodiment of the present invention is described.With give identical reference number according to the identical parts of the stair of aforementioned each embodiment, and save the description of repetition.

Figure 81 (a) and Figure 81 (b) are the exploded perspective views of the stair of the 16th embodiment of the present invention.In Figure 81 (a), carriage and pedal have been omitted.Figure 82 is the lateral view of Figure 81 (b), Figure 83 (a) is the view seen of the X7-X7 along Figure 82 (watches the space truss structure member, watches the schematic diagram of carriage and pedal from the stair frontal from the stair incline direction), and Figure 83 (b) and Figure 83 (c) are the schematic diagrames of variation of the stair of the 16 embodiment.

Stair according to the 16 embodiment, shown in Figure 81 (b) and Figure 82, comprising: along with the space truss structure member 270 of stair gradient inclination, according to a plurality of carriages 206 of each riser height configuration, by the pedal 207 of carriage 206 by 270 supports of space truss structure member.

Space truss structure member 270 comprises: two upper cord member 270A, 270A that are parallel to each other; Connect framework component 203, be used for upper cord member 270A, 270A are joined to one another; Be positioned at the lower edge rod member 270B of the middle below of upper cord member 270A, 270A; And lattice parts 204, it couples together upper cord member 270A, 270A and lower edge rod member 270B.

The lower edge rod member 210B of the structure of lower edge rod member 270B and the stair of the tenth embodiment is identical, and framework component 201, hub 202, to connect framework component 203 identical with the lattice parts 204 also structure with the tenth embodiment, so save the description of repetition.

Shown in Figure 81 (a) and Figure 83 (a), upper cord member 270A is made of the section bar parts 271 that have at the slot part 271a of the lateral opening of lower edge rod member 270B side, and hub 202A is accommodated among the slot part 271a.Promptly, in the stair of the tenth embodiment shown in Figure 61, at longitudinally the short framework component 201 of a plurality of sizes is set continuously and constitutes upper cord member 210A, but in the stair of the 16 embodiment, utilize the section bar parts 271 of longer dimension to constitute upper cord member 270A.And hub 202A is installed in the inside of section bar parts 271.

Section bar parts 271 are aluminium alloys system extrusions, shown in Figure 81 (a), in lower edge rod member 270B side, have with the slot part 271a of other upper cord members 270A facing surfaces opening.And slot part 271a is located at the stair incline direction continuously.Particularly, shown in Figure 83 (a), section bar parts 271 comprise: upper plate 271c and lower plate 271d, the side plate 271e of side end that is connected them and the dividing plate 271f of the pars intermedia of pars intermedia that is connected upper plate 271c and lower plate 271d.And, form slot part 271a by upper plate 271c, lower plate 271d and dividing plate 271f, form hollow bulb 271b by upper plate 271c, lower plate 271d, side plate 271e and dividing plate 271f.In addition, the inside of section bar parts 271 is hollow, thus very light, and the mid portion of upper plate 271c and lower plate 271d is connected by dividing plate 271f, so form the strong cross-section structure of the resistance of relative vertical load.

Below, the making step of the stair of the 16 embodiment is described with reference to Figure 81 (a) and Figure 81 (b).

At first, connect four lattice parts 204 according to 90 degree spacings to the hub 202B that constitutes lower edge rod member 270B.At this moment, the connection end 204a of lattice parts 204 forms punching press angle α (seeing Figure 63 (d)), so lattice parts 204 are connected to the axis of the relative hub 202B punching press angle α that only tilts.Assemble a plurality of such assemblys, and with them side by side in line, hub 202B, the 202B that is linked in sequence adjacent to framework component 201 constitutes following chord 210B and utilizes hub 202A to connect the upper end of adjacent lattice parts 204,204 then.

Then, shown in Figure 81 (a), cover section bar parts 271 from its side, a plurality of hub 202A are accommodated among the slot part 271a of section bar parts 271, constitute upper cord member 270A to a plurality of hub 202A.At this moment, with the position alignment of the bolt-inserting hole of the bolt-inserting hole 202b (seeing Figure 64) of hub 202A and section bar parts 271.

Afterwards, shown in Figure 81 (b), placement carriage 206 on upper cord member 270A (the upper plate 271c of section bar parts 271).And side inserting bolt (not shown) utilizes nut (not shown) to fix up to the inside of carriage 206 simultaneously below upper cord member 270A, and hub 202A, section bar parts 271 and carriage 206 are fixed into one.

And, this assembly is moved into the stair installation site, tilt this assembly is installed according to predetermined stair gradient, then pedal 207 is supported and fixed on the pedal supporting surface 206a of carriage 206, simultaneously handrail etc. is installed aptly, finish the making of stair.

According to the stair of the 16 embodiment, utilize section bar parts 271 to constitute upper cord member 270A with slot part 271a, in slot part 271a, take in a plurality of hub 202A, so shown in Figure 82, the stair side forms succinct appearance design.And upper cord member 270A constitutes with the section bar parts 271 of a longer dimension, so there is not weak axle.That is, upper cord member 270A descends the rigidity of direction and left and right directions all to be improved thereon, so form the structure strong to the resistance of lateral wobble and distortion.In addition, identical with aforementioned each embodiment, when making stair, do not need welding and special tool, so application property is good.

In addition, the shape that constitutes the section bar parts of upper cord member 270A is not limited to aforementioned shapes, and for example as section bar parts 271 ' shown in Figure 83 (b), it is trapezoidal that hollow bulb 271b ' is formed, and improves aesthetic appearance.

And, in the space truss structure member 270 shown in Figure 83 (a) and Figure 83 (b), hub 202A is configured to make its axis and the axis normal that is connected framework component 203, the top and bottom that are hub 202A tilt along with the stair gradient, but also can make its axis tilt to intersect as the hub 202A ' of the space truss structure member 270 ' shown in Figure 83 (c) with the axis that is connected framework component 203 '.During this situation, in lower edge rod member 270B side, use have with the section bar parts 272 of the slot part of lower edge rod member 270B facing surfaces opening.

And, shown in Figure 83 (b) and Figure 83 (c), aforesaid reinforcement 261B is down disposed along lower edge rod member 270B.

In addition, the shape of the hub 202 that illustrates in the first to the 16 embodiment etc. is not limited to shape shown, for example, can be the square column shape.And node component is not limited to the such structure of aforesaid hub 202, can be bolt connecting mode etc.

(the 17 embodiment)

With reference to Figure 84 to Figure 86 the 17th embodiment of the present invention is described.With give identical reference number according to the identical parts of the stair of aforementioned each embodiment, and save the description of repetition.

Figure 84 is the stereogram that the part of the stair of the 17th embodiment of the present invention is omitted expression, Figure 85 (a) watches the schematic diagram of the space truss structure member of Figure 84 from the stair incline direction, Figure 85 (b) is the lateral view of Figure 84, and Figure 86 is the stereogram that expression connects framework component and lattice parts.

Stair according to the 17 embodiment, shown in Figure 84, comprising: along with the space truss structure member 280 of stair gradient inclination, according to a plurality of carriages 206 of each riser height configuration, by the pedal 207 of carriage 206 by 280 supports of space truss structure member.

Space truss structure member 280 comprises: two upper cord member 280A, 280A that are parallel to each other; The connection framework component 283 of framework shape is used for upper cord member 280A, 280A are joined to one another; Be positioned at a lower edge rod member 280B of the middle below of upper cord member 280A, 280A; And lattice parts 284, it couples together upper cord member 280A, 280A and lower edge rod member 280B.

Shown in Figure 85 (a), upper cord member 280A is made of section bar parts 281, and these section bar parts 281 have: brace 281a that stretches out towards lower edge rod member 280B and the brace 281b that stretches out towards adjacent upper cord member 280A.And upper cord member 280A top (hereinafter referred to as bracket support face 281c) forms flat condition.Section bar parts 281 are hollow extrusion casting dies of aluminium alloys system, and brace 281a, 281b form when aluminium alloys is carried out extrusion molding together.In addition, according to the suitable interval break-through bolt-inserting hole is set at brace 281a, 281b.

Shown in Figure 85 (a), lower edge rod member 280B is made of the section bar parts 282 with two brace 282a, 282a stretching out towards upper cord member 280A.Section bar parts 282 are hollow extrusion casting dies of aluminium alloys system, and brace 282a, 282a form when aluminium alloys is carried out extrusion molding together.

Shown in Figure 86, connection framework component 283 is the framework shape, the aluminium alloys system hollow extrusion casting die of circular section is processed form.Its two ends are squeezed into flat form (hereinafter referred to as flat end 283a).And, bolt-inserting hole 283b is set in flat end 283a break-through.

Shown in Figure 86, the structure of lattice parts 284 has flat end 284a with aforesaid to be connected framework component 283 identical at its two ends, in flat end 284a break-through bolt-inserting hole 284b is set.

Below, the making step of the stair of the 17 embodiment is described with reference to Figure 84 and Figure 85.

At first, configuration constitutes the section bar parts 281 of upper cord member 280A and constitutes the section bar parts 282 of lower edge rod member 280B, utilizes a plurality of lattice parts 284 that are configured to Z-shaped shape to connect these section bar parts.That is, shown in Figure 85 (b), constitute the Warren truss structure by upper cord member 280A, lower edge rod member 280B and lattice parts 284.

And, in order to engage upper cord member 280A (section bar parts 281) and lattice parts 284, shown in Figure 85 (a), make the brace 281a of the flat end 284a contact section bar parts 281 of lattice parts 284, make the bolt-inserting hole (not shown) of position alignment brace 281a of the bolt-inserting hole 284b (seeing Figure 86) of flat end 284a, utilize bolt and nut to fix then.In addition, shown in Figure 84, lattice parts 284 have the flat end 284a and the flat end 284a that contacts brace 281a inboard in the contact brace 281a outside, their alternate configurations.And, shown in Figure 85 (a), be positioned at the flat end 284a and the flat end 284a that is positioned at the lattice parts 284 of brace 281a inboard of the lattice parts 284 in the brace 281a outside, be fixed to overlapping state across brace 281a.The method of attachment of lower edge rod member 280B (section bar parts 282) and lattice parts 284 is also identical.

Then, utilize connection framework component 283 to connect adjacent upper cord member 280A, 280A.In order to engage upper cord member 280A (section bar parts 281) and to be connected framework component 283, shown in Figure 85 (a), make the brace 281b of the flat end 283a contact section bar parts 281 that connect framework component 283, make the bolt-inserting hole (not shown) of position alignment brace 281a of the bolt-inserting hole 283b (seeing Figure 86) of flat end 283a, utilize bolt and nut to fix then.

Then, shown in Figure 84, carriage 206 is supported and fixed on the carriage placed side 281c of upper cord member 280A.

And, this assembly is moved into the stair installation site, according to predetermined stair gradient this assembly is installed, then pedal 207 is supported and fixed on the pedal supporting surface 206a of carriage 206, simultaneously handrail etc. is installed aptly, finish the making of stair.

Stair according to the 17 embodiment, only be bonded on the brace 282a of the brace 281a of upper cord member 280A of the closure that stretches out in lattice parts 284 and lower edge rod member 280B by flat end 284a with lattice parts 284, can finish being connected of upper cord member 280A and lower edge rod member 280B, so that the assembling work of space truss structure member 280 becomes carries out easily.

And, the brace 282a of brace 281a, the 281b of upper cord member 280A and lower edge rod member 280B is connected to its longitudinally, improve so connect the degree of freedom of the installation site of framework component 283 and lattice parts 284, and the also corresponding easily variation that connects the size shape of framework component 283 and lattice parts 284.

In addition, upper cord member 280A and lower edge rod member 280B are made of the section bar parts 281,282 of a longer dimension respectively, so there is not weak axle.That is, upper cord member 280A and lower edge rod member 280B descend the rigidity of direction and left and right directions all to be improved thereon, so form the structure strong to the resistance of lateral wobble and distortion.

(the 18 embodiment)

With reference to Figure 87 to Figure 88 the 18th embodiment of the present invention is described.With give identical reference number according to the identical parts of the stair of aforementioned each embodiment, and save the description of repetition.

Figure 87 is the stereogram that the part of the stair of the 18th embodiment of the present invention is omitted expression, and Figure 88 is the schematic diagram of space truss structure member of watching the stair of present embodiment from the stair incline direction.

Stair according to the 18 embodiment, shown in Figure 87, comprising: along with the space truss structure member 290 of stair gradient inclination, according to a plurality of carriages 206 of each riser height configuration, by the pedal 207 of carriage 206 by 290 supports of space truss structure member.

Space truss structure member 290 comprises: tabular section bar parts 291, be positioned at these section bar parts 291 in the middle of lower edge rod member 290B of below and the lattice parts 284 that section bar parts 291 and lower edge rod member 290B are joined to one another.

Section bar parts 291 are extrusions of aluminium alloys system, shown in Figure 88, have left and right sides hollow bulb 291a, 291a and the board 291b that is connected these hollow bulbs 291a, 291a, form the brace 291c that stretches out towards lower edge rod member 290B at hollow bulb 291a.

Herein, two upper cord member 290A, 290A that left and right sides hollow bulb 291a, 291a are equivalent to be parallel to each other, board 291b is equivalent to connect the sheet material of left and right sides upper cord member 290A, 290A.That is, left and right sides upper cord member 290A, 290A are extruded together with the sheet material that they are joined to one another.

In addition, shown in Figure 88, lower edge rod member 290B is made of the section bar parts 292 with two brace 292a, 292a stretching out towards upper cord member 290A.Section bar parts 292 are hollow extrusion casting dies of aluminium alloys system, and brace 292a, 292a form when aluminium alloys is carried out extrusion molding together.

In addition, the joint method of the joint method of upper cord member 290A and lattice parts 284 and lower edge rod member 290B and lattice parts 284, identical with the method for the 17 embodiment explanation, so detailed.

According to the stair of the 18 embodiment, adjacent upper cord member 290A, 290A are formed as one, so can reduce part count, make space truss structure member 290 easily.

In addition, left and right sides upper cord member 290A, the 290A (hollow bulb 291a, 291a) of space truss structure member are joined to one another by sheet material (board 291b), so its shear rigidity is very high, and, upper cord member 290A and lower edge rod member 290B are made of the section bar parts 291,292 of a longer dimension that does not have weak axle, so the rigidity height of its left and right directions.That is, space truss structure member 290 forms the structure strong to the resistance of lateral wobble and distortion.

According to stair of the present invention, pedal is supported by the light truss structure member or the space truss structure member of light structures, also can have open sense even stair are installed in when indoor, and can not produce sense of depression.In addition, compare with traditional stair that heavy components by for example channel-section steel or i shaped steel constitutes, lighter stair weight helps construction processing, thereby improves efficiency of construction.

In addition, when building stair, do not need special tool and welding, so build stair easily.In addition, the number of components that constitutes trussed construction parts or space truss structure member is few, even and also can be general when the installation requirement of stair changes.These characteristics are suitable for producing by batch, and the production efficiency height.

Claims (32)

1, a kind of stair are made of a pair of left and right sides cant beam and the pedal that utilize the trussed construction parts to form; It is characterized in that,

Described two trussed construction parts comprise: upper cord member that tilts along with the gradient of stair and lower edge rod member; And a plurality of lattice parts that described upper cord member and lower edge rod member are coupled together.

2, stair according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described two trussed construction parts interconnect by described pedal.

3, stair according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described a plurality of lattice parts comprise a plurality of horizontal lattice parts according to each step height horizontal arrangement,

Described pedal by described each horizontal lattice member supporting.

4, stair according to claim 1 is characterized in that, are fixed with a plurality of links according to each riser height horizontal arrangement at described two trussed construction parts, interconnecting these trussed construction parts,

Described pedal is fixedly fastened on these links.

5, stair according to claim 4 is characterized in that, the described link adjacent in short transverse is interconnected with one another.

6, according to each described stair of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, be provided with node component at described upper cord member and described lower edge rod member,

Described lattice parts are connected with described node component.

7, stair according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described node component is a column, and are formed with the connection groove at its external surface;

Be formed with the connection end at the two ends of described lattice parts;

Be formed with each other the notch that engages at described connection groove with the described end that is connected, and be entrenched in described connection groove and form node by described connection end is pressed into.

8, stair according to claim 6 is characterized in that, at least one in described upper cord member and the described lower edge rod member is continuous at the stair incline direction, and formed by the section bar parts with the slot part that is opened on described lattice component side,

Described node component is installed in the inside of described slot part.

According to each described stair of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that 9, described trussed construction parts are made of the framework component that is positioned at the node component on each node and adjacent node component is coupled together.

10, stair according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described node component is a column, and are formed with the connection groove at its external surface;

Be formed with the connection end at the two ends of described framework component;

Be formed with each other the notch that engages at described connection groove with the described end that is connected, and be pressed into and be entrenched in described connection groove and form node by connecting the end.

11, stair according to claim 9 is characterized in that, also comprise the reinforcement of at least one layout in described upper cord member and the described lower edge rod member, and this reinforcement is fixed at least on the described node component of three or more.

According to each described stair of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that 12, at least one side between the described lower edge rod member between the described upper cord member in the left and right sides and the left and right sides is equipped with sheet material.

13, according to each described stair of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, also comprise: the handrail that is positioned at the side end top of described pedal;

The lower end is bonded on the handrail post of the described handrail of support on the described trussed construction parts.

14, a kind of stair comprise: the pair of right and left trussed construction parts that tilt along with the stair gradient, and be located at a plurality of pedals between described two trussed construction parts, it is characterized in that,

Described each trussed construction parts are by constituting with the lower part: the upper chord parts with last node component of a plurality of columns that are located at the stair incline direction continuously; Lower chord parts with lower node parts of a plurality of columns that are located at the stair incline direction continuously; With the lattice parts that interconnect these upper chord parts and lower chord parts,

Described on each node component and each lower node parts be disposed in the vertical direction in truss surface of its axis and described trussed construction parts, and form a plurality of connection grooves along described axis at its external surface,

The two ends of described lattice parts have the connection end that can be entrenched in the tabular in the described connection groove, one of them connection end is entrenched in the connection groove of described upward node component, another connects the end and is entrenched in the connection groove of described lower node parts

The both side ends of described each pedal be fixed on respectively described go up node component the side end face and described lower node parts the side end face.

15, stair according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described upper cord member has the upper framework parts that are arranged between the adjacent described last node component of stair incline direction,

The two ends of these upper framework parts have can be entrenched in the described upward connection end of the tabular of the connection groove of node component, and this connection end is entrenched in the connection groove of described upward node component.

16, stair according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described lower edge rod member has the following framework component that is arranged between the adjacent described lower node parts of stair incline direction,

The two ends of this time framework component have the connection end of the tabular of the connection groove that can be entrenched in described lower node parts, and this connection end is entrenched in the connection groove of described lower node parts.

17, stair according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described upper cord member has length for from its upper end up to the last communication means of lower end, described on communication means be installed in the described side end face of node component on each.

18, stair according to claim 14 is characterized in that, it is from its upper end up to the following communication means of lower end that described lower edge rod member has length, and described communication means down is installed in the side end face of described each lower node parts.

19, stair according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described node component and the described lower node arrangements of components of going up be in the equal height position,

Pedal base is fixed on the described side end face of node component and the side end face of described each lower node parts on each,

Described pedal is fixed on this pedal base.

20, according to each described stair of claim 14 to 19, it is characterized in that, also comprise: the handrail that is positioned at the side end top of described pedal;

The lower end is bonded on the handrail post of the described handrail of support on the described trussed construction parts.

21, a kind of stair utilize the space truss structure member that tilts along with the stair gradient to come sustain pedal, it is characterized in that,

Described space truss structure member utilize the lattice parts with a plurality of upper cord members connected to one another be positioned at adjacent described upper cord member in the middle of the lower edge rod member of below couple together and constitute.

22, stair according to claim 21 is characterized in that, described space truss structure member also has the second lower edge rod member below described lower edge rod member, and described lower edge rod member and the described second lower edge rod member interconnect by the lattice parts.

According to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that 23, described upper cord member and described lower edge rod member utilize node component that a plurality of framework components are coupled together respectively and constitute.

24, stair according to claim 23 is characterized in that, at least one is provided with reinforcement in the upper cord member of described space truss structure member and lower edge rod member, and this reinforcement is fixed on the continuous described node component more than three.

25, stair according to claim 23 is characterized in that, the two ends of described lattice parts and described framework component have the end of connection respectively;

Be formed with the connection groove on the external surface of described node component, described connection end can be entrenched in the described connection groove; And

Described connection end is entrenched in the described connection groove.

26, stair according to claim 25 is characterized in that, adjacent described upper cord member interconnects by connecting framework component,

The two ends of described connection framework component have the connection end, and described connection end is entrenched in the connection groove of described node component.

According to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that 27, described upper cord member has the brace that stretches out towards described lower edge rod member,

Described lower edge rod member has the brace that stretches out towards described upper cord member,

Described lattice parts two ends have flat end, and in these two flat end one is bonded on the brace of described upper cord member, and another is bonded on the brace of described lower edge rod member.

28, stair according to claim 27 is characterized in that, adjacent described upper cord member interconnects by connecting framework component,

The two ends of this connection framework component have flat end,

Described each upper cord member has the brace that stretches out towards other upper cord members that are positioned at the adjacent position, and the flat end of described connection framework component is bonded on this brace.

According to the stair of claim 26 or 28, it is characterized in that 29, described connection framework component comprises and described each upper cord member cross-coupled diagonal angle link that tilts.

According to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that 30, the section bar parts that the utilization of described upper cord member has at the slot part of described lower edge rod member side opening constitute, and comprise node component in this slot part,

Described lower edge rod member utilizes node component to connect a plurality of framework components and constitutes,

The two ends of described lattice parts and described framework component have the end of connection respectively,

Form in the outside of described node component can chimeric described connection end the connection groove, described connection end is entrenched in this connection groove.

According to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that 31, adjacent described upper cord member is connected with each other by the carriage that supports described pedal.

According to claim 21 or 22 described stair, it is characterized in that 32, adjacent described upper cord member is connected with each other by sheet material.

Images