CN1607772A - Method for realizing data transfer backup through address interpretation protocol messages - Google Patents
Method for realizing data transfer backup through address interpretation protocol messages Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention provides a method for realizing data forward backup by ARP message on a route device not supporting virtual MAC used in a backup set sharing one virtual IP composed of two or more route devices including the following steps: The mainly used state sending source IP is a virtual IP, source MAC is the real MAC ARP message of said device, the host receives said ARP message, refreshes ARP buffer storage and sends service data messages according to the virtual IP and real NAC. When the mainly used state is converted to standby and other backup state route devices are turned to the mainly used stale, the mainly used state router judges if its own priority is higher than that carried by received route backup protocol, if so, it broadcasts said ARP message again, if not, it turns to the backup state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of data transmission, be meant a kind of method that on the routing device of virtual support MAC not, realizes the data forwarding backup especially by address analysis protocol message ARP.
Background technology
Routing device is the core of data transmission network, and at present, backup group generally is made up of a plurality of routing devices, comprises primary route equipment and one or more alternate routing equipment.Under the normal condition, have only a routing device to be in active state in the backup group, as primary route equipment (Master), transmit the business datum message that main frame sends, other routing devices are in stand-by state, as alternate routing equipment (Backup), ignore the business datum message that main frame sends.When Master broke down, an alternate routing equipment in the backup group switched to active state and replaces former Master, continued to transmit the business datum message that main frame sends.
At present, often adopt Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP, Virtual Router RedundancyProtocol) or HSRP (HSRP, Hot Standby Routing Protocol) to realize the route backup group as the route backup agreement.Routing device in the VRRP/HSRP protocol requirement backup group is common to use same virtual IP address and virtual MAC, and provides this virtual IP address and virtual MAC to the main frame that links to each other with this backup group, and therefore, backup group is also referred to as virtual router.
Fig. 1 realizes the schematic diagram of backup group for adopting the VRRP/HSRP agreement.Real IP address is that the router-A of 10.100.10.2 and the router B of 10.100.10.3 form a backup group, uses common virtual ip address 10.100.10.1, and main frame is by this virtual router and extraneous communication.In this example, A is Master, and B is Backup, and the main frame default route is virtual ip address 10.100.10.1, and the step of the first transmitting and receiving service data message of main frame is as follows:
Step 1: main frame sends address resolution protocol (ARP, Address ResolutionProtocol) request message to 10.100.10.1, by the MAC Address of ARP request message request virtual IP address correspondence;
Step 2: after backup group is received this broadcast request, according to the VRRP/HSRP protocol requirement, the A that only is in the Master state returns the arp reply message, and replys with the virtual mac address of this backup group, and the routing device B that is in the Backup state ignores this ARP request message;
Step 3: after main frame is received the arp reply message, upgrade the arp cache of main frame.Then, main frame sends the business datum message according to the virtual MAC in the arp cache, virtual IP address to this backup group.According to the regulation of VRRP/HSRP agreement, receive by the A of Master state and to transmit IP or MAC is virtual business datum message, the routing device B that is in the Backup state then ignores these business datum messages.
When the A of Master state equipment fault, according to the VRRP/HSRP agreement, the handshaking information between B discovery and the A is overtime, stipulate by the VRRP/HSRP agreement, the routing device B of former Backup state transfers active state to, receives as Master and transmits the business datum message, and A then transfers the Backup state to.When main frame sends the business datum message once more, still send the business datum message according to the virtual MAC that is write down in the arp cache, virtual IP address to this backup group, the business datum message receives forwarding by the B of current Master state.
Above step as can be seen, for main frame, no matter inner which routing device of route backup group is in the Master state, virtual IP address that main frame write down and corresponding virtual MAC do not change all the time and are effective all the time, in other words, the introducing of virtual MAC makes the switching of the inner routing device of backup group become transparent to main frame, has realized that preferably routing device switches the uninterrupted forwarding of front and back business datum message.
But the introducing of virtual MAC requires routing device outside original real MAC address operate as normal, also wants the existence of virtual support MAC, promptly requires at least 2 MAC Address of an interface support of routing device to exist simultaneously.For router, routing forwarding is finished by upper layer software (applications) control, therefore can at an interface virtual MAC be set easily.But the routing forwarding of layer 3 ethernet switch is mainly by hardware---forwarding chip is finished.Forwarding chip is that the MAC Address according to the switch device interface receives and E-Packets, do not support a plurality of MAC Address for most of forwarding chips, as the IXE2412BEA of Intel, chips such as the CXE-16 of Switchcore, can only there be a real MAC address in this class chip place interface.In this case, form backup group if adopt three-tier switch as routing device, because what use is real MAC, therefore in a period of time after master-slave back-up route apparatus is switched in backup group, what the arp cache on the main frame write down still is to switch the real MAC of preceding main road by equipment, therefore the business datum message that sends of main frame still can be sent to by this MAC and switch on the standby routing device, and causes the business datum message normally to be transmitted.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of method that on the routing device of virtual support MAC not, realizes the data forwarding backup by address analysis protocol message ARP, make not that the routing device of virtual support MAC Address also can use the virtual IP address redundancy technique, realize the normal forwarding of business datum message.
Realize the present invention, need following steps:
Main is that virtual IP address, source MAC are the ARP message of this master with state routing device real MAC address with state routing device transmission source IP; The main frame that links to each other with backup group receives the ARP message that this backup group master sends with the state routing device, upgrades arp cache, and sends the business datum message according to virtual IP address in this ARP message and real MAC.
Wherein, this method comprises that further the routing device in the described backup group carries out switching of activestandby state according to the route backup agreement.Wherein, comprise Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol VRRP and HSRP HSRP.
Wherein, main switching with the state routing device in backup group is stand-by state, the Status of Backups routing device of other Liang Tai of while and the different brackets more than two transfers to be led when using state, this method further comprises: be in the master and receive that with the routing device of state other are in the main route backup protocol massages that sends with the routing device of state, whether the priority of judging self is higher than the priority of the entrained routing device of the route backup agreement that receives, if then broadcast described ARP message once more; Otherwise, transfer stand-by state to.
Wherein, this method comprises that further main frame sends the ARP request message in advance, main with the state routing device to send source IP be virtual IP address, MAC Address for this master be the arp reply message of response main frame with the ARP message of state routing device real MAC address.
Wherein, this method further comprises, main with state routing device transmission source IP be virtual IP address, MAC Address for this master be the gratuitous ARP packet of this routing device active broadcast with the ARP message of state routing device real MAC address.
By said method as can be seen, use the present invention, can be in the routing device of not supporting the many MAC Address of single interface configuration, utilize the real MAC address of interface to realize the backup scenario of VRRP/HSRP agreement, the business datum message that main frame is sent can be by the normal uninterrupted forwarding of backup group.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts the VRRP/HSRP agreement to realize the schematic diagram of backup group under the prior art.
Fig. 2 realizes business datum message forwarding flow chart for main frame of the present invention under initial condition.
Fig. 3 realizes business datum message forwarding flow chart when switching for standby routing equipment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention utilizes the real MAC address of routing device interface to realize the backup group of VRRP/HSRP agreement, to realize the normal forwarding of host service data.Gratuitous ARP be by certain node send in order to cause the ARP message of its arp cache of renewal that other node is spontaneous.When the present invention is switched according to the VRRP/HSRP agreement at routing device, switch to gratuitous ARP packet of routing device active broadcast of Master, go to upgrade the arp cache of main frame, the MAC Address of the virtual IP address correspondence of host A RP buffer memory is updated to the real MAC address of current Master routing device.The follow-up business data message of main frame can be sent on the Master according to real MAC at once, thereby the business datum message is uninterruptedly sent.
Below further describe by specific embodiment.
When at first being in initial condition, using the Hot Spare group to realize that the business datum message forwarding is example, and describe with reference to accompanying drawing 2 with main process equipment.If current routing device A is in the Master state, routing device B is in the Backup state.The main frame default route is a virtual IP address, when main frame and external network transmitting and receiving service data message, may further comprise the steps:
Step 201: main frame sends common ARP request message, by the MAC Address of ARP request message request virtual IP address correspondence;
Step 202: routing device is received after this message in the backup group, and the A that is in the Master state responds the arp reply message, uses the real MAC address of routing device A to reply;
Step 203: after main frame is received the arp reply message of routing device A, upgrade the arp cache of main frame according to this arp reply message, in arp cache, insert list item, wherein in this list item, the IP address is a virtual IP address, and the MAC Address of this virtual IP address correspondence is the real MAC of the routing device A that carries in the arp reply message.The follow-up business datum message of main frame sends to routing device A according to virtual IP address, the real MAC of its arp cache, and A receives the business datum message and also transmits.
When Fig. 3 was Hot Spare group inside routing device masterslave switchover, the business datum message forwarding flow chart of main frame was that example describes with example 1 still, may further comprise the steps:
Step 301: when the routing device A of the Master state in Hot Spare group fault, according to VRRP/HSRP route backup agreement, the routing device B of former Backup state transfers the Master state to;
Step 302: transfer gratuitous ARP packet of routing device B broadcasting of Master state to, wherein, in this gratuitous ARP packet, source IP address is a virtual ip address, and source MAC is the real MAC address of this routing device B.Transfer the routing device B of Master state removes initiatively to upgrade main frame by this gratuitous ARP packet arp cache to;
Step 303: the routing device B that is in the Master state judges whether to receive the VRRP/HSRP route backup agreement that other routing devices send over, if do not have, then representing currently only has this routing device to be in the Master state, finishes masterslave switchover, execution in step 305; Otherwise representing currently has the routing device more than two or two to transfer the Master state simultaneously to, and then execution in step 304, carry out the competition of Master according to the VRRP/HSRP route backup agreement between the routing device;
Step 304: routing device compares priority and the equipment of itself priority in the VRRP/HSRP route backup agreement that receives, if priority is higher than oneself, then transfers the Backup state to, and this routing device withdraws from the competition of Master; Otherwise return step 302, send the ARP message once more, remove to upgrade host A RP buffer memory;
Step 305: main frame according to the virtual IP address in the arp cache and the real MAC address of the correspondence after upgrading the business datum message is sent on the current Master routing device, transmit the business datum message by current Master routing device.
Below lift specific embodiment, the described step of Fig. 3 is further specified, establish the backup group that exists to form according to the VRRP agreement, backup group is made up of routing device A, B, C, and wherein, A is in the Master state, B, C are in the Backup state, and the priority of B is higher than the priority of C.This moment, A broke down, and application drawing 3 described steps further describe in detail the retransmission method of realizing the host service data message:
Step 401: according to the VRRP agreement, when Master state routing device A fault, the equipment B, the C that are in Backup all transfer the Master state to;
Step 402: each routing device that transfers the Master state to all can be broadcasted a gratuitous ARP packet, and wherein, in this gratuitous ARP packet, source IP address is a virtual ip address, and source MAC is the real MAC address of routing device separately;
Step 403 is to step 404: transfer to simultaneously between routing device B, the C of Master state and carry out the competition of Master according to the priority of the VRRP agreement of sending out mutually.When the routing device B that is in Master receives the VRRP protocol massages that the routing device C that is in Master equally sends, the priority of the C that routing device B is entrained with this VRRP is compared with self, if self priority is higher than the priority of the C that carries in this VRRP protocol massages, then routing device B sends a gratuitous ARP packet once more; Otherwise, then oneself is transferred to the Backup state, no longer send gratuitous ARP packet.In like manner, C receives the VRRP protocol massages of B broadcasting, also carries out same operation.Like this, in according to VRRP agreement process of competition, the routing device B that grade is high always can be later than routing device C and send a gratuitous ARP packet once more, and what guaranteed that main frame receives at last is the gratuitous ARP packet that the high routing device B of priority sends, and upgrades the arp cache of main frame.
Step 405: after switching end, the MAC of the virtual IP address correspondence of host A RP buffer memory is the real MAC of the highest routing device B of priority, so main frame can be sent to B with the business datum message; And in the route backup group, through the competition of priority, the final competition of B is the Master state, and therefore the business datum message that main frame can be sended over is normally transmitted.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method that on the routing device of virtual support MAC not, realizes the data forwarding backup by address analysis protocol message ARP, be applicable to the backup group of a shared virtual IP address of forming by the routing device more than two or two, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
Main is that virtual IP address, source MAC are the ARP message of this master with state routing device real MAC address with state routing device transmission source IP;
The main frame that links to each other with backup group receives the ARP message that this backup group master sends with the state routing device, upgrades arp cache, and sends the business datum message according to virtual IP address in this ARP message and real MAC.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the routing device in the described backup group carries out switching of activestandby state according to the route backup agreement.
3, method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described route backup agreement further comprises Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol VRRP and HSRP HSRP.
4, method according to claim 2, main the switching with the state routing device in backup group is stand-by state, and the Status of Backups routing device of other Liang Tai of while and the different brackets more than two transfers to be led when using state, and this method further comprises:
Be in the master and receive that with the routing device of state other are in the main route backup protocol massages that sends with the routing device of state, whether the priority of judging self is higher than the priority of the entrained routing device of the route backup agreement that receives, if then broadcast described ARP message once more; Otherwise, transfer stand-by state to.
5, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, main frame sends the ARP request message in advance, main with the state routing device to send source IP be virtual IP address, MAC Address for this master be the arp reply message of response main frame with the ARP message of state routing device real MAC address.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, main with state routing device transmission source IP be virtual IP address, MAC Address for this master be the gratuitous ARP packet of this routing device active broadcast with the ARP message of state routing device real MAC address.
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| CNB2003101003850A CN100492984C (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2003-10-14 | Method for realizing data transfer backup through address interpretation protocol messages |
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| CNB2003101003850A CN100492984C (en) | 2003-10-14 | 2003-10-14 | Method for realizing data transfer backup through address interpretation protocol messages |
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| WO2008077333A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | A method, a system and a router for implementing communication between the ip devices |
| WO2009003394A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-08 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method for studying mac address and network element apparatus |
| CN100466540C (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2009-03-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | State detection method based on main and backup Ethernet interface |
| CN102315925A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-01-11 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Method for realizing VRRP (virtual router redundancy protocol) on RPR (resilient packet ring) and routing equipment |
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| CN100466540C (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2009-03-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | State detection method based on main and backup Ethernet interface |
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| WO2008077333A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-07-03 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | A method, a system and a router for implementing communication between the ip devices |
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| WO2009003394A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-01-08 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method for studying mac address and network element apparatus |
| CN101662397B (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2012-11-14 | 卡斯柯信号有限公司 | Method for automatically detecting and transferring sharing IP address of redundant computer group |
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| CN102315925B (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2014-09-24 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Method for realizing VRRP (virtual router redundancy protocol) on RPR (resilient packet ring) and routing equipment |
| CN102315925A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-01-11 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Method for realizing VRRP (virtual router redundancy protocol) on RPR (resilient packet ring) and routing equipment |
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