CN100488201C - Link backup method based on route - Google Patents
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- CN100488201C CN100488201C CNB2005101014835A CN200510101483A CN100488201C CN 100488201 C CN100488201 C CN 100488201C CN B2005101014835 A CNB2005101014835 A CN B2005101014835A CN 200510101483 A CN200510101483 A CN 200510101483A CN 100488201 C CN100488201 C CN 100488201C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses routing based link backing up method,referring to broadband metropolitan area network technology. Said method includes user respectively to host router and alternate router applying distributing IP address, obtaining host IP address and alternate IP address; user binding host IP address directional gateway neighbor state and link status with alternate IP address directional gateway neighbor state and link status; user notifying host router directly according to host computer routing to make diffusing to upstream router , and notifying alternate router to establish transit route for said host IP address its next jump being said alternate IP address, diffusing said transit route to upstream router. Said invented establishing transit route method makes host computer single IP address capable of simultaneously existing accessible routing in multiple routers, realizing routing automatic switching in occurring fault, raising network reliability.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of broadband metropolitan area network network technology, relate in particular to a kind of link backup method based on route.
[background technology]
IP version 6 (IPv6) is the novel I P agreement of developing on the basis of inheriting the widely used IPv4 agreement of present Internet, and following new features are provided:
The o address size expands to 128 bits, and the address space of " being close to infinitely great " can be provided;
O has simplified the structure of header, has reduced shared Header option, and the performance of transmitting is provided;
The option head of o enhanced IP head can improve forward efficiency and extensibility;
O IP head has increased stream label, for the service quality aspect provides bigger autgmentability;
O is integrated authentication and safety function increase the fail safe of IP agreement;
The ICMP agreement (Internet Control Message Protocol Internet Control Message Protocol) that o optimizes newly designs the ND agreement and directly directly carry out neighbours' discovery on three layer.
The core protocol IPv6 agreement of next generation network has been improved the ARP agreement (AddressResolution Protocol) under the IPv4 environment, released a kind of novel agreement of searching IP address link corresponding layer address (MAC Address), this agreement is found (Neighbor Discover) agreement for neighbours, and hereinafter referred is the ND agreement.The basic functional principle that neighbours find is as follows:
Address resolution is that the user obtains the process of neighbours' link layer address by neighbours' non-multicast address, and only is used for the IP address in this link, wherein, is meant the link or the broadcast domain that directly link to each other with user's network interface in this link.After the interface enable of supporting multicast, this interface of this node must join in all node multicast group, also must join in the constrained nodes multicast group of IP address correspondence of this interface.For the interface of supporting that IP transmits, each interface all has the IP address of an IP address as this interface at least, intercoms mutually with other network nodes, and a plurality of IP address of same interface can be mapped in the identical constrained nodes multicast group.In all node multicast group, any node can be received this multicast, can be understood as broadcasting; In the constrained nodes multicast group, have only specific node just can receive this multicast.
Will give neighbours when node has individual unicast message, but not know neighbours' link layer address, this just needs the enabling address to resolve.For the interface of supporting multicast, this node is created a list item in neighbor cache, and the limited multicast group to the IP address of this interface correspondence sends the neighbor advertisement request message then, wherein, comprises the link layer address option of this node in this message.
If this node is not received neighbours' response message, then address resolution failure, promptly this node can not find neighbours' link layer address, and the IP layer of this node can produce the inaccessible message of ICMP and give application layer.Effectively the destination address of neighbor advertisement request message must be effective unicast address, general address or the temporary address broadcast.
If this node is received neighbours' response message, then this node is learnt neighbours' link layer address, and then can give neighbours this unicast message.If the source IP address in the neighbor advertisement request message is to have distributed the address, receive that so the neighbours of neighbor advertisement request message learn to create or upgrade the list item of neighbor cache.
As shown in Figure 1, host A sends neighbor request message (NS) and carries out duplicate address detection (DAD) to host B, host B returns neighbours' response message NA and gives host A, thereby host A has just obtained the link layer address of host B, just can intercom mutually between them.
Because the ND agreement is only used between the user in this link, and the ND message is to be broadcast to whole link by the multicast mode (to refer in particular to two layers of link that belong to same in logic, but physically can't directly realize two layers of interconnection, be that non-broadcast multipoint inserts) in, therefore for NBMA (NBMA) network, be to allow the ND message be broadcast to other users (be positioned at two layers of identical link of logic but in fact can't receive the L 2 broadcast message user), need router that agent functionality is provided, be that router substitutes the family and transmits the ND message to other users, thereby allow user in the NBMA network can learn to be routed device agency's link layer address, finally realize user and other users' intercommunication.
The network configuration of broadband metropolitan area network generally is divided into Access Layer, convergence-level and three levels of core layer, Access Network is by switch or DSLAM two layers of convergence devices such as (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexers), user's (pc machine) converged to be positioned on convergence-level a spot of edge convergence router or the BAS Broadband Access Server (BAS), need terminate two layers of information of user of edge convergence router or BAS Broadband Access Server, promptly the user is authenticated, authentication is given the user by distributing IP address, back; After this provide broadband services for the user and the user is chargeed, thereby make the user to be linked in the Internet network by core net.Because broadband metropolitan area network as carrier class network, therefore must guarantee the reliability of user's access, at present, the method for common equipment backup improves network reliability.
As shown in Figure 2, user (PC) is linked on two edge routers or the BAS simultaneously by the Layer 2 switch (Switch) of Access Layer, and two edge routers link to each other with the core router of upstream with Core2 by core net Core1 respectively.Normal condition, the terminate router of certain high priority or BAS of user goes up that (router of this high priority or BAS are called main using, other routers or BAS are called standby), two routers or BAS are by the Hot Spare passage in real time or the information of backed up in synchronization user on router or BAS equipment, when the router of main usefulness or BAS break down, standby router or BAS are upgraded to main usefulness, continue as the user service is provided.
Adopt above networking mode, the shortcoming of existence is as follows:
1, when customer volume was big, active and standby more with the synchrodata between router or the BAS, the bandwidth deficiency of Hot Spare passage was easy to generate bottleneck, and passage is congested, caused backed up in synchronization unsuccessful.
2, active and standbyly will realize the Hot Spare of user class " in real time " with router or BAS, the very big real-time of data volume requires very high, occurs the untimely situation of backup easily, causes telex network to be interrupted.
3, the active and standby Hot Spare that will realize user class " in real time " with router, technical difficulty is very high, because router is subjected to the restriction of its disposal ability, can't support a plurality of standby routers simultaneously substantially, promptly the primary route device can't provide " in real time " Hot Spare to a plurality of standby routers simultaneously.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of link backup method based on route, can avoid the bottleneck that Hot Spare produced between the active and standby router, simplify the Hot Spare mechanism between the active and standby router, support a plurality of standby routers, further improved the reliability of network.
The present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
A kind of link backup method based on route may further comprise the steps:
101, the user obtains coupled router by Neighbor Discovery Protocol, and distinguish primary route device and standby router, then respectively to primary route device and standby router application distributing IP address, and obtain that it is main with IP address and secondary ip address, host router or standby router are created its corresponding neighbours' link information and main frame routing table after confirming the IP address assignment success;
102, the user will lead with the neighbor state of IP address gateway pointed and Link State and bind with the neighbor state and the Link State of secondary ip address gateway pointed respectively;
103, user notification primary route device directly by the main frame route upstream router spread, and the notice standby router is described main with transistroute of IP address creation, next jumping of this transistroute is described secondary ip address, and also upstream router spreads this transistroute.
Comprise in the described step 102: if main neighbor state with IP address and secondary ip address gateway pointed has one can reach, and main with IP address and secondary ip address Link State pointed have one available, then the user uses the IP address of main usefulness IP address as main frame all the time.
Comprise in the described step 103: the user sends main frame route flood message to the primary route device, Routing Protocol in the notice primary route device spreads the route of the source IP address of this message by the main frame routing mode, after spreading successfully, the primary route device returns main frame route diffusion response message to the user.
In the described step 103: described main frame route flood message comprise needs diffusions host IP address must with the identical and secure option of source IP address of this message; Described main frame route diffusion response message comprises main frame route and the secure option that has spread.
After the main frame route spreads successfully described in the described step 103, comprise: the user sends main frame route relaying flood message to standby router, the notice standby router is the main with the described transistroute of IP address creation of user, after this transistroute spread successfully, standby router returned main frame route relaying diffusion response message to the user.
In the described step 103: described main frame route relaying flood message comprises transistroute and secure option; Described main frame route relaying diffusion response message comprises transistroute and the secure option that has spread.
Comprise in the described step 103: if active link breaks down, the transistroute of the then main frame route of upstream router deletion primary route device diffusion, and use standby router diffusion continues to communicate with the user.
Described primary route device and described standby router are BAS Broadband Access Servers.
Owing to adopted above technical scheme, when the present invention realizes link backup, the Hot Spare passage need be set between active and standby router, do not need real-time information to back up to the user yet, saved the processing expenditure of router; Create the method for " transistroute ", make the single ip address of main frame in many routers, to have the route that can reach simultaneously, when breaking down, realize the automatic switchover of route; Utilize the dynamic and the real-time of Routing Protocol, reach the real-time update of link backup, the assurance business is carried out smoothly; Simplify the link back mechanism, improve the efficient of backup; Support a plurality of standby routers, and do not increase the overhead of router, improved the reliability of network.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the mutual schematic diagram of Neighbor Discovery Protocol.
Fig. 2 is the schematic network structure of metropolitan area network in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is the schematic network structure of metropolitan area network among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that the present invention realizes link backup.
[embodiment]
As shown in Figure 3, user PC is linked on first edge router by its first network interface, Layer 2 switch Switch and Access Network AN successively, user PC is linked on second edge router by its second network interface, Layer 2 switch Switch and Access Network AN successively, wherein, be separate on first edge router and second edge router; First edge router links to each other with the core router of upstream with the second core net Core2 by the first core net Core1 respectively with second edge router again, is further communicated with other networks by the router of upstream.Wherein, these routers can be BAS Broadband Access Server BAS also, and hypothesis first edge router is the primary route device among the present invention, and second edge router is a standby router.
Router among the present invention need provide dynamic routing protocol, and also needs the ND agreement is expanded, and increases by four message, and the particular content of these four message is as follows:
1, main frame route flood message (HRS-Host Route Scatter), the effect of this message is: when upstream router spreads, forcing Routing Protocol is not that the network segment spreads with this main frame route aggregation, (its next jumping is the IP address of place interface or own but directly press the main frame route, in other words, the route diffusion must have next jumping, next jumping when this main frame route is diffused into first line of a couplet equipment should be the interface IP address with first line of a couplet equipment interface, but should be the interface IP address of main frame route place interface at device interior) spread; Simultaneously, cause routing table to present explosive growth among the Internet in order to prevent that this main frame route is diffused into, need be in the appropriate node configuration route aggregation function of the router of upstream; Consider from safety, also need in this message to comprise: the main frame route of needs diffusion must identical with the source IP address of this message (the source IP address host IP address that interior appointment will be spread with the HRS message that is the HRS message wants consistent), secure option.Here need to prove that the main frame route is exactly the source IP address of HRS in fact.
2, main frame route diffusion response message (HSA-Host Route Scatter ACK), the effect of this message is: after router carries out safety inspection to this main frame and passes through, and allow it that main frame route is diffused on the upstream router, to the successful message of user response main frame route diffusion, need comprise the main frame route and the secure option that have spread in the message.
3, main frame route relaying flood message (HRR-Host Route Relay), the effect of this message is: the IP address that the Routing Protocol of pressure router is acted on behalf of the quilt in this message (is the above-mentioned main IP address of using, that is the source IP address of HRS) adds its next jumping of a main frame route and be the source IP address of this message, and directly be diffused on the upstream router, needing in the message to comprise needs the main frame of relaying route, secure option.
4, main frame route relaying diffusion response message (HRA-Host Route Relay ACK), the effect of this message is: after router carries out safety inspection and passes through this main frame, permission is diffused on the upstream router as the relaying of this main frame route, to the success of user response diffusion main frame route, need comprise the main frame route and the secure option that have spread in the message.
As shown in Figure 4, the present invention realizes that the detailed process of link backup is as follows:
User PC at first starts the ND agreement, obtain coupled router, thereafter according to policy selection one of them as primary route device (being assumed to be first edge router among Fig. 3), and pass through its first network interface to its application distributing IP address, as the main IP address of using, after confirming that the master is with the IP address assignment success, the primary route device can be created its corresponding neighbours' link information and main frame routing table.
In order to realize link backup, user PC need also apply for the distributing IP address to standby router (being assumed to be second edge router among Fig. 3) by its second network interface, as secondary ip address, after confirming that secondary ip address is allocated successfully, standby router is also created its corresponding neighbours' link information and main frame routing table.
This user PC will lead with the neighbor state of IP address gateway pointed and Link State and bind with the neighbor state and the Link State of secondary ip address gateway pointed respectively, after finishing binding, as long as main neighbor state with IP address and secondary ip address gateway pointed has one can reach, and these two Link States have one available, user PC guarantees to use all the time main with the IP address of IP address as main frame, the IP address of issuing this main frame to the outside simultaneously by DNS etc., can so think, when primary link was unusual, the gateway neighbor state that primary ip address can be used backup link and Link State were proceeded and the communicating by letter of external node.The method of concrete binding has a variety of, as long as can allow an IP address (the main IP address of using) use two links, can so understand, when a main frame has two network interfaces, i.e. first network interface and second network interface, first network interface and second network interface all SEPARATE APPLICATION are main with IP address and secondary ip address, and the neighbours of these two network interfaces find all available after, specify the master can use second network interface and external node to communicate, the process of binding that Here it is with the IP address.
User PC sends HRS message to the primary route device, and the Routing Protocol in the notice primary route device spreads the route of the source IP address of this message by the main frame routing mode.
User PC is after confirming to obtain the HSA message of primary route device response, send HRR message to standby router, the notice standby router is standby IP address (claiming that this route is a transistroute) for the main of user with route of IP address creation and next jumping, and Routing Protocol directly is diffused into this route on the upstream router; After spreading successfully, standby router returns HRA message to user PC, informs that this transistroute of user has spread success.
Receive two main routes simultaneously at certain router (being assumed to be the core router among Fig. 3) of upstream like this with the IP address from distinct interface, and select wherein route as main usefulness, the route of still supposing the diffusion of primary route device is a primary route, and the route of standby router diffusion is an alternate routing.
When the first network interface fault that primary route device or user PC insert, when being the active link fault, the primary route device can be notified information the core router of upstream by Routing Protocol, core router is learnt the active link fault subsequently, its primary route that will point to this user automatically switches on the alternate routing, and this moment, user PC communicated by other nodes in this alternate routing and the network.For example, suppose primary route device fault, the core router of upstream is deleted the main frame route of primary route device diffusion so, the main frame route of only remaining standby router diffusion is upgraded to main using immediately, like this, purpose just is routed to (sending to) standby router to main message with the IP address, standby router is transmitted to user PC by secondary ip address, because main neighbor state and Link State with IP address gateway pointed bound with the neighbor state and the Link State of secondary ip address gateway pointed respectively, should " binding " having specified mainly can use second network interface and external node to communicate with the IP address, so this message in the inside of user PC by " loopback " to carrying out subsequent treatment with the interface at place, IP address with the householder, here " loopback " responds to and cooperate with each other across a great distance with " binding " of front, need to prove, because message is received from reserve link, the interface IP address of reserve link and main with IP address and different, need to transmit by agreement, promptly must deliver to the main whole process of just finishing message transmissions with the interface at place, IP address at last to message by agreement, but because two IP addresses (main with IP address and secondary ip address) all are to be positioned at same main frame inside, just be positioned at different network interfaces, message just can directly be given the operating system processing of PC like this, thereby makes message finally arrive the destination.
Key of the present invention is, force the primary route device directly to be diffused on the upstream router by the main frame route, it is main with main frame route that its next jumping is a secondary ip address of IP address interpolation forcing standby router, and also be diffused on the upstream router this route, two main frame routes that can arrive the user are just arranged on the upstream router like this, under the normal condition, only use a route wherein to communicate, when the route of using is unavailable, just enable another route, thereby improved the reliability of network.Route backup is in order to use two different links to the network notifications master with the IP address, just this information can only can be known after binding.
Among the present invention, the subscriber's main station application is to two IP addresses, and one as the main IP address of use, and one as secondary ip address, and communication node is only known to lead and used the IP address, does not need to know secondary ip address; Change and to switch to soon on the backup link at link, the transmission of message is continued.
Under multilink and many ownership situation, system is only with the promptly main technology with IP address and multilink backup in an IP address, this system is including but not limited to main frame (PC), server, router, like this, hinder for some reason when switching at link, can not carry out address switchover, the business that can guarantee is not interrupted substantially.
In addition, link backup for plurality of access modes, the present invention is suitable for too, for example WIMAX (WorldwideInteroperability for Microwave Access micro-wave access global inter communication) and FTTH (Fiber To The Home fiber-to-the-subscriber).
Claims (8)
1, a kind of link backup method based on route is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
101, the user obtains coupled router by Neighbor Discovery Protocol, and distinguish primary route device and standby router, then respectively to primary route device and standby router application distributing IP address, and obtain that it is main with IP address and secondary ip address, primary route device or standby router are created its corresponding neighbours' link information and main frame routing table after confirming the IP address assignment success;
102, the user will lead with the neighbor state of IP address gateway pointed and Link State and bind with the neighbor state and the Link State of secondary ip address gateway pointed respectively;
103, user notification primary route device directly by the main frame route upstream router spread, and the notice standby router is described main with transistroute of IP address creation, next jumping of described transistroute is described secondary ip address, and also upstream router spreads this transistroute.
2, a kind of link backup method according to claim 1 based on route, it is characterized in that, also comprise in the described step 102: if main neighbor state with IP address and secondary ip address gateway pointed has one can reach, and main with IP address and secondary ip address Link State pointed have one available, then the user uses the IP address of main usefulness IP address as main frame all the time.
3, a kind of link backup method according to claim 1 based on route, it is characterized in that, comprise in the described step 103: the user sends main frame route flood message to the primary route device, Routing Protocol in the notice primary route device spreads the route of the source IP address of this message by the main frame routing mode, after spreading successfully, the primary route device returns main frame route diffusion response message to the user.
4, a kind of link backup method based on route according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the described step 103: described main frame route flood message comprise needs diffusions host IP address must with the identical and secure option of source IP address of this message; Described main frame route diffusion response message comprises main frame route and the secure option that has spread.
5, a kind of link backup method according to claim 1 based on route, it is characterized in that, after the main frame route spreads successfully described in the described step 103, comprise: the user sends main frame route relaying flood message to standby router, the notice standby router is the main with the described transistroute of IP address creation of user, after this transistroute spread successfully, standby router returned main frame route relaying diffusion response message to the user.
6, a kind of link backup method based on route according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the described step 103: described main frame route relaying flood message comprises described transistroute and secure option; Described main frame route relaying diffusion response message comprises transistroute and the secure option that has spread.
7, a kind of link backup method according to claim 5 based on route, it is characterized in that, comprise in the described step 103: if active link breaks down, the transistroute of the then main frame route of upstream router deletion primary route device diffusion, and use standby router diffusion continues to communicate with the user.
8, according to the arbitrary described a kind of link backup method based on route of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: described primary route device and described standby router are BAS Broadband Access Servers.
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| CNB2005101014835A CN100488201C (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2005-11-16 | Link backup method based on route |
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| CNB2005101014835A CN100488201C (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2005-11-16 | Link backup method based on route |
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| CN100488201C true CN100488201C (en) | 2009-05-13 |
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| CN101552715B (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-12-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and node for establishing backup label switching path |
| CN101478479B (en) * | 2008-12-31 | 2012-04-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | User access method, apparatus and system |
| CN102045245A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for protecting switching downlink flow rate during access to backup of user and backup forwarding system |
| EP2677713A4 (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2014-04-09 | Huawei Tech Co Ltd | Method, device and system for realizing disaster-tolerant backup |
| CN102368712A (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2012-03-07 | 苏州工业园区鑫海胜电子有限公司 | Redundant network printing method based on local area network |
| CN103607325A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-26 | 国家电网公司 | Data network link monitoring automatic switching system |
| CN113965613A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 新华三信息安全技术有限公司 | Dual-computer hot standby processing method, device, equipment and machine readable storage medium |
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Non-Patent Citations (5)
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