CN1605866A - 钢铁易锈蚀指示剂 - Google Patents

钢铁易锈蚀指示剂 Download PDF

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CN1605866A
CN1605866A CN 200310107826 CN200310107826A CN1605866A CN 1605866 A CN1605866 A CN 1605866A CN 200310107826 CN200310107826 CN 200310107826 CN 200310107826 A CN200310107826 A CN 200310107826A CN 1605866 A CN1605866 A CN 1605866A
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欧阳怀瑾
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Abstract

钢铁材料易锈蚀是指钢铁材料表面存在锈蚀隐患,使看上去表面光亮的钢铁材料,冲压成型后易产生锈点,脱脂磷化后易产生锈斑,严重影响产成品表面的涂、镀质量,目前还没有检测钢铁材料的易锈蚀的方法。本发明“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”,可以快速、灵敏、准确地检测各种钢铁材料表面的易锈蚀隐患,也可用于金属腐蚀与防护技术中的局部腐蚀和钝化膜研究。“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”的配方为1.0-菲啰啉水溶液,配制简易,成本极低。

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钢铁易锈蚀指示剂
1、发明名称钢铁易锈蚀指示剂,它涉及金属腐蚀与防护技术领域中对钢铁大气腐蚀(锈蚀)的快速检测。为现代工业生产防止易锈蚀钢铁材料进入生产线,保证产品质量提供监测方法。
①在汽车生产厂,批量冲压成型的车身各部件(车门、顶棚、前后盖等)先后进入组装,由于使用了易锈蚀钢板,后组装的部件在等待组装的过程中,表面产生了黄锈点。将影响轿车车身的油漆质量。因此必须防止易锈蚀钢板进入冲压成型工段。
②家电用冷轧板(冰箱、洗衣机、热水器外壳),汽车用冷轧板,成形后表面涂油漆前都要进行脱脂、磷化。如果碰到易锈蚀冷轧板,则脱脂、磷化后表面会产生黄锈班,严重影响最后油漆层的质量,直至整体报废,所以使用前也需要检验冷轧板是否易锈蚀。
③在钢铁厂,作为涂层板、镀层板(热镀锌、电镀锌、镀铝)的基板的冷轧板如其表面易锈蚀,则涂、镀层板也易锈蚀。如能控制易锈蚀冷轧基板,就能提高涂镀层板的质量。
④热轧钢材(板、卷管、型材)虽然表面有一层氧化皮,有的也易锈蚀,即表面产生黄锈,导致表面坑蚀。检验热轧钢材是否易锈蚀,对经营钢材的中间商和长期库存的情况很重要。
2、目前金属腐蚀与防护技术领域没有办法在现场将易锈蚀钢铁材料在使用前检测出来。经联机检索“化学文摘”、“金属文摘”,也未发现国外有相关报导。
传统的金属腐蚀(锈蚀)试验方法,都不能满足生产现场要求,如:
①大气挂片(百叶箱)试验,挂片后需要几天至几十天,才能看出结果来;
②湿热箱、盐雾箱试验,先要用砂纸打磨,溶剂擦洗试样,破坏原始表面,因而不能准确判断钢铁易锈蚀性,也要几个小时至几十个小时后才有试验结果;
③电化学试验,需昂贵的仪器设备和专业技术人员操作,试验也需几个小时至十几个小时。因为处理试样破坏原始表面,所以也不能检测钢铁易锈蚀。
这些方法都是要先取试样,再加工制作,进行表面处理,时间上不能满足生产现场要求,结果也不准确。
3、若将钢铁易锈蚀指示剂,直接滴在要检验的钢铁材料表面,就可迅速、灵敏、准确测定钢铁材料的易锈蚀性。
4、钢铁易锈蚀指示剂技术方案是这样实现的
①研究探明钢铁易锈蚀的原因,是其表面受到阴离子、碳粒子等微粒污染,发生化学和电化学腐蚀,产生了二价铁离子,钢铁表面就变成易锈蚀的。由于二价铁盐为白色或浅蓝绿色,藏匿在银灰色的钢铁表面上,肉眼看不出来。但在潮湿的空气或碱性环境下,钢铁表面上的二价铁会氧化成三价铁,成为红褐色的铁锈。所以要检测钢铁是否易锈蚀,关键要检测钢铁表面是否存在二价铁离子。
②发明者长期探索找到一种化学药品,它能与二价铁离子反应产生红褐色,而且不与钢铁表面的铁、三价铁及其他物质发生反应。因此能够迅速准确测定钢铁易锈蚀。这种化学药品的水溶液定名为钢铁易锈蚀指示剂。
③钢铁易锈蚀指示剂配方:0.12
Figure A20031010782600041
%1.10-菲啰啉水溶液。
【1.10-菲哕啉(1.10-Phenanthrollne)C12H8N2·H2O=198.22】
5、由于发明了钢铁易锈蚀指示剂,使冷轧钢板、热轧钢板、钢管、钢铁型材等钢铁材料表面易锈蚀隐患可以简易快捷检验出来,并且为金属腐蚀与防护技术领域研究钢铁局部腐蚀(点蚀、缝隙腐蚀)和表面钝化膜,提供新的研究方法。
6、钢铁易锈蚀指示剂使用方法
①检验钢铁是否易锈蚀
将配制好的钢铁易锈蚀指示剂,装入玻璃瓶内,用滴管吸取溶液,轻轻滴在被检验的钢铁表面,一般可滴3-6滴,水滴球冠直径约1.5cm。根据钢铁易锈蚀程度,水滴中将在几秒至几十秒时间内出现1个至若干个红褐色锈点(见说明书附示意图1)如果钢铁表面是耐锈蚀的,则两个小时也不出现红褐色锈点,但1-2小时后水滴可呈现均匀的很淡的粉红色。(见说明书附示意图2)
②研究钢铁表面钝化膜
空气中先在耐锈蚀钢板表面,用金属尖角划线,然后在划线处滴上钢铁易锈蚀批示剂,液滴中看不到划线;先在耐锈蚀钢表面滴上钢铁易锈蚀指示剂,然后通过液滴用金属尖角在钢板上划线,液滴中立显红褐色划线。(见说明书附示意图3)。为什么,因为在空气中划线,钢铁划线处的新鲜表面被空气中的氧迅速氧化,生成保护性钝化膜,再滴指示剂时划线处受到保护。在指示剂液滴中划线,液滴中缺氧,划线处不能生成保护性氧化膜,所以立显红褐色线,表示钢铁表面划线处原有钝化膜被破坏。
7、钢铁易锈蚀指示剂优点
①使用其检验钢铁材料易锈蚀性简便、快捷、灵敏,岗位工人在生产线即可实施,不需要实验室仪器设备和专业技术人员。
②在金属腐蚀与防护研究中,在钢铁易锈蚀指示剂里加入不同种、不同量的阴离子,可对钢铁局部腐蚀和钝化膜破裂,作更加深入广泛的研究。
③钢铁易锈蚀指示剂成本极低。
图面说明
图1中试验钢板为易锈蚀钢板,三个圆圈表示滴在该钢板表面的三滴“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”其中的麻点表示几秒至几十秒后出现的红褐色锈点。
图2中试验钢板为耐锈蚀钢板,三个圆圈表示滴在该钢板表面的三滴“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”,其中不出现红褐色锈点,但1~2小时后液滴呈均匀的淡粉红色
图3中试验钢板为耐锈蚀钢板,左边的圆圈表示先在钢板表面滴一滴“钢铁易锈蚀批示剂”,然后用金属尖角通过液滴在钢板表面划线,液滴中该划线立刻显红褐色;右边的圆圈表示钢板表面划线,然后在划线处滴一滴“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”,液滴中划线处无红褐色。

Claims (4)

1、本发明涉及一种“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”,其特征在于钢铁易锈蚀原因和“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”配方及其使用方法。
2、根据权利要求1所述,钢铁易锈蚀原因的要点在于钢铁材料表面产生了二价铁离子。
3、根据权利要求1所述,“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”配方为: 0.12 ( W V ) % 1.10 -菲啰啉水溶液。
4、根据权利要求1所述“钢铁易锈蚀指示剂”的使用方法,其特征在于将指示剂直接滴在被检测钢铁材料表面,液滴中若出现褐色点,即判定该钢铁材料为易锈蚀。
CN 200310107826 2003-10-09 2003-10-09 钢铁易锈蚀指示剂 Pending CN1605866A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113418930A (zh) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-21 西北工业大学 一种用于快速检测铁板表面镀层是否完整的方法
WO2022030169A1 (ja) * 2020-08-03 2022-02-10 日本プレーテック株式会社 鉄被覆処理されたプラスチック製模型及びその製造方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022030169A1 (ja) * 2020-08-03 2022-02-10 日本プレーテック株式会社 鉄被覆処理されたプラスチック製模型及びその製造方法
CN113418930A (zh) * 2021-06-04 2021-09-21 西北工业大学 一种用于快速检测铁板表面镀层是否完整的方法
CN113418930B (zh) * 2021-06-04 2024-05-10 西北工业大学 一种用于快速检测铁板表面镀层是否完整的方法

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