Submarine underwater accident personnel emergency self-saving device
In November last year, number something unexpected happened in the process of manoeuvre for the state-of-the art nuclear-powered missile submarine of Russian naval " Kursk ", on the full ship more than 110 ship persons and two experiment experts all none survived in Zang body seabed, caused the shock in the world; This year four, the May, my PLA Navy " 361 " number conventional submarine of staying Dalian meets with marine accident too when executing the task, cause that officers and men have devoted young and valuable life on more than 70 ship.Chairman of the Military Commission of the Central Committee of the CPC Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao etc. parent go to Dalian expression of sympathy family members and army.Some uneasy states of mind that this can't help triggering us: should cause our this class problem of enough attention.This should say so by no means fortuitous.Recall over the years in the relevant military in the countries in the world casualty case, we institute's grasp data show tool: some extraordinary ships safety precaution, emergency measure in case of emergency truly has incomplete aspect.For example: the design of personnel's life-saving equipment aspect and supporting when the emergency situation under water of modern Submarine just exists certain leak.Not so, just above-mentioned incident will not take place over and over.This is a cost with the life of numerous youths; More appear suddenly with the naval equipment level of modern high technology; Weigh its ability and prestige with national military strength size again, establish international external image problem, never can neglect.Yet so problem can not illustrate current submarine manufacturing technology existing problems again fully, and it is perfect not enough only to belong to its indivedual attached facilities that help.As long as we draw the experience and the lesson of each side, really consider and the cost aspect that reduces we soldier as far as possible and given one's life for is had in mind from the international popularity that will establish motherland, we just are bound to overcome difficulties.I have just visualized a whole set of myself in this respect recently and have been specifically designed to Submarine under water during emergency situation, the brand-new device that personnel is saved oneself in the ship.Can be used to make soldiers thoroughly to break away from the passive state that to await one's doom in the accident generating process, accomplish to implement and save oneself, so that the initiative of saving valuable life is on top of in the own hand of soldiers while waiting for rescue.As long as the submarine internal staff who wishes can to make thus from now on all to suffer from various casualties under water seeks the injures and deaths that external help can accomplish to reduce as much as possible officers and men in other words as early as possible, we just will benefit the social responsibility of one family; Also more can be simultaneously the investigation and evidence collection avoided for its accident causation, research and inquirement aspect and also just going to expend work such as great amount of manpower and material resources more in the future, supporting good of there's no one who doesn't or isn't Tathagata prevention early, elder generation.And for come to implement salvage work no matter he be on the water surface might as well, aerial, each side personnel can accomplish early to find location, morning target, determine best rescue scheme as early as possible, implement aspect such as comprehensive relief as early as possible and all will have quite positive effect.Here we just claim that it is " a Submarine underwater accident personnel emergency self-saving device " for the time being! (in fact, if conditions permit can really realize being equipped with more more these devices, be expected to make in the accident process that the personnel of survival return to the water surface in all ships, its meaning will be that extremely far-reaching, its effect also more can be immeasurable! )
This device is to be combined by three parts.This first part is an emission storehouse series.It still belongs to fabricate block in other words why to be called series.It is by through improved, can by freely open in the ship, the closure new-type door (being similar to the keying function of guided missile Cang Gai).Install anti-water seal bead additional and formedly resolve into three parts, have and be closed into a tubular at the door inner lower mouth, can not influence the normal multi-functional emission storehouse of coming in and going out of Hatch Opening after the unlatching again round the cat ladder of having transformed (transforming the double emission slideway of doing of back cat ladder handrail).Its effect is exactly in case of emergency, and our soldier is launched out with ejector outside the submarine and safety is delivered to the water surface and helped outside going to seek through Hatch Opening.(also can be called " freeing ") this emission storehouse according to actual condition be matched in respectively modern all kinds of submarines before, during and after three door mouths, the need when adapting to various different accident situation.Certainly, in case all enable outside evacuation personnel simultaneously if three Hatch Openings of underwater accident really occurred, that can really bring into play its maximum capacity.The personnel that so also can persist in ship create the chance of more more oxygen supplys, and therefore the time fallback that enables to adhere to longlyer that is to say and can build the two-fold living space; This second largest part has been exactly the direct matching used ejector in emission storehouse introduced with the front.This ejector then is one, and to have two of repressed one-tenth of certain thickness steel plate semi-circular, can be buckled into tubbiness, in join three roads laterally, twice resistance to compression hoop longitudinally, certain voltage endurance capability is under water arranged; Inner also be lined with thermal insulation, the vibration-absorptive material that the software fiber of not being afraid of bubble is done, the people be hidden in wherein be unlikely to fully the injury that suffers huge sea pressure and ejector colliding with in outside emission process, cold and hot cause injury etc.Its external form exactly likes a large size bomb, but because interior empty deal is lighter.Its function is to do to cooperate with the emission storehouse, one time one people ground with our seaman soldier through Hatch Opening, by the safe water surface of delivering under water.Also dispose the small-sized oxygen of two covers in the inside of ejector respectively and supply with some essential items such as equipment (cover is for standby), Shock-absorbing helmet, signal piping.And manufacture interior open-type.When our soldier accepts to send to enter in the ejector, he will be according to the ejection speed of the accident submarine degree of depth under water of living in and ejector thereof at that time, grasp opening the time (, also can lead to see and examine the lookout concrete opening time of grasp) of ejector voluntarily if on ejector, install withstand voltage inspection door additional.Prevent that owing to reasons such as weight, ejector weighs down under the backwater again.If ejector is opened in time, there is not too high sea on the sea again, be unlikely to make opened ejector water inlet, can work as canoe fully and use.Otherwise that just can only rely on life jacket and individual's swimming skills to come to have resisted with the sea.(before entering ejector, the soldier will put on life jacket; In case the ejector water inlet also can be taken some configure equipment and use.For example: breathing equipment, signal piping etc.) certain, we also should install sea coloring agent additional in ejector, can discharge automatically once opening.Also dispose signal generator at the ejector top, so just help special relief and recycling.The powerful power that launches of ejector then derives from the third-largest part, and that is exactly special-purpose assorted emission bullet.The basic functional principle of this emission bullet is similar to the coml nail gun bullet.Certainly, its hands-on background and shape are all will be far longer than genuine civilian nail gun bullet manyfold.Its outward appearance is oblate shape, no bullet, and body is suitable for reading to be the anti-water logging of shrunk type, but can't influence the eruption of gunpowder.The end, is flat, directly emission with sitting.We can directly put ejector and be sitting on the ammunition injection orifice, and then close the emission door, open the outer door of submarine.This moment can leave seawater enter the emission storehouse in, (ejector is entered in the water, launching the storehouse this moment intercepts seawater fully and advances ship, similar torpedo-launching is the same) its powder burning produces when we cause the emission fuse powerful thrust forces the ejector Hatch Opening that flies out, and by inertia by the through water surface under water, finish whole emission process.In addition and since the ability of this emission bullet size directly the effect of decision ejector whether bring into play and put in place, therefore, should be directly consider to carry out the efficacy of a drug and dispose and design with the maximum diving ability of the submarine that matches with it.And also want comprehensively by row's preparation in the different depth of water, the different aspect factor such as weight of launching, the emission ammunition that draft out plurality of specifications respectively, differs in size is prepared for urgent need.And more crucial part is that also the firing mechanism of this emission bullet must should be designed to the body bottom side and cause, and preferably can be the four sides initiation type.This better is equipped with and plays, steps on the formula feedway the most easily as desirable launch mode.Everything all is based on the supposition marine accident again and has caused under the no electricity of full ship, the unpowered state, still is unlikely to implement normal transmission and is imagined constantly with the difficulty the most of saving oneself and obtain.If finish and launch that and be only and can't be better when really can also bringing into play in the ship normal other propulsions source at this moment.And above-mentioned helpless theory but can really be accomplished as long as the somebody just can operate fully, the free-hand cause that just can adopt the measure of promptly saving oneself as long as we live.So no matter which kind of degree is marine accident badly arrive, and our officers and men just will not await one's doom; Under how dark sea, all can make our soldier have the hope and the possibility of surviving no matter be.The research and development of (being unlikely at least is the final result of being annihilated) this device with the caving-in bash of taking at the cited major accident in front is set sheerly, at ordinary times or general accident be to need not moving these weapons.But we will like this, also must carry out autotelic preparation like this, but this is only the long-range consideration that the modern military theory of following the battle that will be equipped with preparation and strategy the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge are done; And for our navy submarine officers and men no matter at ordinary times still for wartime life be responsible for taking comparatively perfect most realistic again arrangement.
Request in person down allow I with reference to joining accompanying drawing describe the principle of work and the operating sequence of " Submarine underwater accident personnel emergency self-saving device " again in detail to every expert.In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1, be integral position figure; Fig. 2, Fig. 3, be that launch and the closed condition pattern in submarine internal emission storehouse respectively.From we just can clearly be seen that this emission storehouse is design and the arrangement of carrying out round the Hatch Opening cat ladder fully here, this also gangway of the unique most convenient of submarine just in fact.Torpedo tube is exactly a transversary on the ship as far as we know, is unfavorable for uply, and we do not adopt.Fig. 4, to be let us then observe the state pattern in emission storehouse from another angle.Should say the emission storehouse of having opened, be not influence normal discrepancy on the ship at ordinary times.And Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, be respectively the six views in the design of this device.Fig. 5, be emission storehouse part; Fig. 7, be the ejector part; Fig. 8, be emission bullet part.Fig. 6, in we have reproduced ejector inner structure and its configuration separately.Should be noted that its configuration also to regard as with and modern science and technology exploitation level decide.We just understand this device and uncomplicated more according to figure, and principle is also very simple.But, if real will bring into play its effect and should can not be ignored.Urgent constantly using, it is our design original intention that key place plays a role.Therefore, our device is three Hatch Openings and being equipped with before, during and after the submarine all, also simultaneously can say the layout that spreads all over the whole piece ship at last, when only in this way no matter on the ship either party goes wrong, other staff all can or utilize the condition that is suitable for oneself jointly in the ship, fully take corresponding emergency schedule to launch to save oneself.Certain, tangible again life support.The operation of this device is extremely simple and easy again.Our emission storehouse is the function of one-level emission gun barrel completely, also has concurrently to have thorough partition because the seawater (and it is just minimum to design the seawater of coming in only so) in the ship is poured in the unlatching of outer door.Ejector is then carrying by rescue, is treating the water outlet personnel water surface of ascending to heaven out, looking for the hope of all personnel's existence under water.The emission bullet send ejector water outlet safely and fast with the strength of maximum, and each takes charge of its duty, close fit again.If also have after the successful launch for the first time, personnel also need close door again in the ship, open the seawater that the emission storehouse is advanced in bleeding off, and take out the shell case of having launched, perform the dead work (if any the ejector of backup and the words of ammunition) of emission for the second time, until remaining last people.The overall process of saving oneself of (this point also need to illustrate be exactly that our equipment one people can't operate) Take me as I am design-calculated Submarine underwater accident personnel emergency self-saving device.Believe: accident is who is unwilling to occur, but in case real appearance problem, we must be relatively calm, have only positive, implement to save oneself or cry for help in earnest, this is only the only way out.Today, the research and development of our this covering device were successful, were bound to make my naval's marine accident in a period from now on to have one significantly to reduce.Can guarantee to be similar to the case of " Kursk " number can reappear in our army never again.More treasure our navy submarine officers and men's life, also more advance a safety of defending the vast coastal areas and territorial seas of motherland, promote the prosperity of becoming increasingly prosperous of motherland's economy comprehensively, liberate Taiwan, treasured island as early as possible and reunify the motherland, given play to indelible effect.
