CN1603089A - Method for producing full-biodegradable table and drinking ware material by multi-layer coextrusion method - Google Patents
Method for producing full-biodegradable table and drinking ware material by multi-layer coextrusion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1603089A CN1603089A CN 200410044030 CN200410044030A CN1603089A CN 1603089 A CN1603089 A CN 1603089A CN 200410044030 CN200410044030 CN 200410044030 CN 200410044030 A CN200410044030 A CN 200410044030A CN 1603089 A CN1603089 A CN 1603089A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the method which is adopted the multilayer extruding together method to manufacture the complete biodegradable eating-drinking tools material. It relates to the manufacturing method of the eating-drinking tools material, concretely to the environmental protection type, circularabletype, degradable. Its realization is as the following steps that water proof layer agglomerate is prepared; basis material agglomerate is prepared; water proof layer is prepared; basis material layer is prepared; the water proof layer and the basis material layer are extruded by the extruding together die head, the gained out layer is the water proof layer, the middle layer is the extruding together sheet material of the basis material layer; the extruding together sheet material is processed molding to gain the complete biodegradable eating-drinking tools. After using the product of the invention, it is buried in the earth for from two months to twenty months to be biodegraded completely. And after the fiber is eroded, it can be used as the fertilizer, and finally absorbed by the environment. Its advantages are that the cost is low; the technology is simple; the resource is nature and abundant; and the performance is outstanding.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of tableware and drinkware material, be specifically related to the manufacture method of a kind of environment-friendly type, formula capable of circulation, environment-acceptable type tableware and drinkware material.
Background technology:
The fully biodegradable plastics are high-tech new materials that a class band is protected function in the plastics family, along with the increase day by day of plastic material defective goods and consumption figure and the continuous expansion of purposes, discarded object, particularly the disposable plastic discarded object grows with each passing day, because its more difficult recycling, be difficult for degraded voluntarily in natural environment again, environmental pollution is on the rise.Therefore, find that a kind of additional substitute as petroleum resources limited, non-renewable, that reduce day by day is significant.According to relevant department's prediction, 2005～2010 years, disposable discarded object will reach more than 4,400,000 tons, and these discarded objects bring immense pressure to environment undoubtedly.There is family more than 100 in the enterprise that present China is engaged in the degraded research and development, and production capacity only is 200,000 tons, and how these degraded goods are degraded to the master with light degradation, light/life, and this degraded does not belong to fully biodegradable, can cause more fearful environmental pollution after the several years.Light and light/life degraded, be carrier how with the polyolefin plastics resin, dose degradeds such as partial starch, inorganic material, string, degraded only becomes the polyolefin plastics resin into smallest particles, these smallest particles non-degradable all in decades, centuries, well imagine, can cause huge negative interaction to soil in the course of time.At present both at home and abroad the product proprietary technology, all in the scope of above-mentioned argumentation, the once-used degradeable cutlery box typically then is that polyolefin adds starch and starch adds PVA to patented technology (CN1258508A, CN1357563A, US3952347); Except that containing vistanex, make disposable food or beverage container, especially put down in writing a degradable membrane among the US3952347, it is made by can biological falling powder or protein and polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene and plasticizer, film sheet exists that complex process, cost height, quality discrepancy are big, the shortcoming of poor water resistance, aesthetic appearance difference, thereby use in the market of having limited this series products.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that adopts multi-layer co-extruded method to make the fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, this method had both overcome the defective that the food and drink tool made by polyolefin or modified starch and string can not be degraded fully, improved the quality parameter of product again greatly, reduced production cost, thoroughly solved the problem of poor water resistance, products obtained therefrom of the present invention soaks four hours ne-leakages, smooth surface, smooth in 95 ℃ of hot water.The present invention makes fully biodegradable food and drink tool: a, preparation watertight composition master batch like this; B, preparation base material master batch; C, preparation watertight composition; D, preparation substrate layer; E, watertight composition and substrate layer are extruded through co-extrusion die head, and obtaining outer is that watertight composition, intermediate layer are the co-extrusion sheet material of substrate layer.The structure of the resulting fully biodegradable food and drink of the present invention tool is A/B/A, A/B/C, A/B/C/D/A or A/B/C/D/E, in the sandwich construction two skins respectively with PCL, PLA or PPC resin at carrier, and add colouring agent respectively as watertight composition by the goods requirement, the intermediate layer is as supporting layer (substrate layer), and it is made up of PCL, PVA or PPC and modified starch, plant fibre blending thing.
The present invention compares with existing tableware has following characteristics:
(1) gained tableware of the present invention is a kind of complete biodegradable goods, does not have any pollution;
(2) the present invention has overcome the shortcoming of existing tableware surface refractory, lower temperature resistance, anti-water, oiliness difference, has excellent heat-resisting quantity, lower temperature resistance, water-resistance and grease resistance;
(3) the present invention has overcome existing tableware appearance color dullness, inaesthetic shortcoming, has smooth surface, smooth, coloury advantage;
(4) solution of success of the present invention the fragility problem of existing product, improved the toughness and the intensity of product, and more in light weight than traditional plant fiber tableware, greatly reduce cost;
(5) the present invention is raw materials used extensively is easy to get;
(6) the present invention utilizes the processing method of known equipment to implement, and has reduced technological investment, helps promoting;
(7) after product of the present invention uses, be embedded in the soil and can degrade by all biological in 2～12 months, can become fertilizer again after the fiber corrosion, finally can be dissolved by environment, cost is low, technology simple, source resource is abundant certainly, the advantage (having enumerated the comparative result of product of the present invention and existing product performance in the table 1) of excellent performance yet have;
(8) properties of product of the present invention meet " degradable disposable dinner (beverage) containers service condition " fully.
Table 1
| Project | Polystyrene ESP tableware | Starch filled type ESP tableware | Light/biodegradation PP tableware | Moulded pulp set for dining | Multi-layer co-extruded molding |
| Main source | Oil PS | Oil PS/ starch | Oil PS/ starch, sensitising agent | Wood pulp, straw pulp | Starch, string, PLA |
| Abundant at present | Abundant at present | Abundant at present | The nervous straw pulp of wood pulp is abundant | Abundant |
| Quality | ??1 | ????1～1.2 | ????2～3 | ????5～6 | ????1.0～3 |
| Produce quantity of refuse | ??1 | ????1～1.2 | ????2～3 | ????5～6 | ????2～3 |
| Energy consumption | ??1 | ????1 | ????1 | ????2～3 | ????1.5～2.0 |
| Technology is polluted | Do not have | Do not have | Do not have | Big factory pollutes lighter | Do not have |
| The safety and sanitation performance | Well | Well | Well | ????- | Well |
| Degradability | Difficult | Easier | Easier | Easily | Easier |
| Recycle | Energy, fuel recovery utilize soilless culture substrate | Energy, fuel recovery utilize soilless culture substrate | Material, energy, fuel oil are recycled | Clean the back reslurry and utilize fertilizer again | Heap buries makees fertilizer |
| Price/unit | ??0.1～0.18 | ????0.12～0.25 | ????0.20～0.26 | ????0.35～0.45 | ????0.10～0.25 |
The specific embodiment:
The specific embodiment one: present embodiment is to make fully biodegradable food and drink tool: a, preparation watertight composition master batch like this; B, preparation base material master batch; C, preparation watertight composition: the watertight composition master batch is dropped into plasticizing extruder push, obtain watertight composition; D, preparation substrate layer: the watertight composition master batch is dropped into plasticizing extruder push, obtain substrate layer; E, watertight composition and substrate layer are extruded through co-extrusion die head, and obtaining outer is that watertight composition, intermediate layer are the co-extrusion sheet material of substrate layer, and promptly the tableware and drinkware material of fully biodegradable carries out processed molding with the co-extrusion sheet material, obtains the food and drink tool of fully biodegradable.Described watertight composition master batch is preparation like this: according to percentage by weight be: be added to limit intensification limit stirring in the batch mixer after the ratio of resin 60～90%, pigment 1～15%, dispersant 0.1～0.5%, antioxidant 0.1～0.5%, coupling agent 0.1～0.5%, plasticizer 5～25% is mixed, made temperature rise to 60 ℃ at 5～30 minutes, take out then and put into double screw extruder 60～210 ℃ of granulations, obtain the watertight composition master batch, described resin is one or more the mixture among PLA, PCL, the PPC.Described base material master batch is such preparation: according to percentage by weight be: be added to limit intensification limit stirring in the batch mixer after the ratio of starch 0～80%, string 0～80%, resin 15～40%, coupling agent 1～5%, plasticizer 1～25%, nano montmorillonite 1～10% is mixed, made temperature rise to 60 ℃ at 5～30 minutes, take out then and put into double screw extruder 60～210 ℃ of granulations, obtain the base material master batch, described resin is one or more the mixture among PVA, PCL, the PPC.Described string obtains according to following method: crop stalks such as straw, reed bar or cornstalk are ground into 80～200 mesh sieves by pulverizer, obtain being no more than 3～20% string fine powder.Described pigment (colouring agent) is one or more the mixing in redness, green, white, crocus, titanium dioxide, black, brown, peacock blue, the peacock green.Described dispersant is one or more the mixing in Tissuemat E, polypropylene wax, the dioctyl phthalate.Described antioxidant is N, the N diaryl-p-phenylenediamine.Described coupling agent is a carbon alkane coupling agent; Described carbon alkane coupling agent is one or more the mixing among KH-550, KH-560, the KH-570.Described plasticizer is one or more in glycerine, diethylene glycol (DEG), polyalcohol, formamido group, urea, the stearic acid.Described starch is one or more the mixing in cornstarch, sweet potato powder, modified starch, middle phosphate ester starch, oxidized starch, acid starch, soyabean protein powder, the potato starch.Institute should be changed in described PPC, the preferred Chinese Academy of Sciences of PPA resin Changchun, Binzhou, the preferred Shandong of PVA green ring company.Described modified starch is made up of according to percentage by weight following component: starch 60～95%, nano imvite 1～10%, plasticizer 5～15%.The thickness of described co-extrusion sheet material is 60～300 μ m.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is to make fully biodegradable food and drink tool: a, preparation watertight composition master batch like this: according to percentage by weight be: be added to limit intensification limit stirring in the batch mixer after the ratio of resin 60%, pigment 1 5%, dispersant 0.5%, antioxidant 0.2%, coupling agent 0.5%, plasticizer 23.8% is mixed, made temperature rise to 60 ℃ at 5～30 minutes, take out then and put into double screw extruder 60～210 ℃ of granulations, obtain the watertight composition master batch, described resin is one or more the mixture among PLA, PCL, the PPC; B, preparation base material master batch: be: be added to limit intensification limit stirring in the batch mixer after the ratio of starch 60%, resin 30%, coupling agent 1%, plasticizer 4%, nano montmorillonite 5% is mixed according to percentage by weight, made temperature rise to 60 ℃ at 5～30 minutes, take out then and put into double screw extruder 60～210 ℃ of granulations, obtain the base material master batch, described resin is one or more the mixture among PVA, PCL, the PPC; C, preparation watertight composition: the watertight composition master batch is dropped into plasticizing extruder push, obtain watertight composition; D, preparation substrate layer: the watertight composition master batch is dropped into plasticizing extruder push, obtain substrate layer; E, watertight composition and substrate layer are extruded through co-extrusion die head, and obtaining outer is that watertight composition, intermediate layer are the co-extrusion sheet material of substrate layer; F, the co-extrusion sheet material is carried out processed molding, obtain the food and drink tool of fully biodegradable.Present embodiment gained co-extrusion sheet material is the A/B/A structure, and wherein the A layer is a watertight composition, and the B layer is substrate layer (intermediate layer), and the A layer accounts for 5～20% of gross thickness, and the B layer accounts for 15～80% of gross thickness, and the formula of master batch A of watertight composition and substrate layer sees Table 2.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment gained co-extrusion sheet material is the A/B/C structure, wherein the A layer is a watertight composition, and B, C layer are substrate layer (intermediate layer), and the A layer accounts for 5～20% of gross thickness, the preparation method is with the specific embodiment two, and the formula of master batch B of watertight composition and substrate layer sees Table 2.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment gained co-extrusion sheet material is the A/B/C/B/A structure, wherein the A layer is a watertight composition, and B, C layer are substrate layer (intermediate layer), and the A layer accounts for 5～20% of gross thickness, the preparation method is with the specific embodiment two, and the formula of master batch C of watertight composition and substrate layer sees Table 2.
The specific embodiment five: present embodiment gained co-extrusion sheet material is the A/B/C/D/E structure, wherein A, E layer are watertight composition, and B, C, D layer are substrate layer, and the A layer accounts for 5～20% of gross thickness, the preparation method is with the specific embodiment two, and the formula of master batch D of watertight composition and substrate layer sees Table 2.
Table 2
| Master batch | Material | The A prescription, % | The B prescription, % | The C prescription, % | The D prescription, % |
| The watertight composition master batch | Resin | ????60 | ????70 | ????80 | ????90 |
| Pigment | ????15 | ????12 | ????8 | ????5 | |
| Dispersant | ????0.5 | ????0.4 | ????0.3 | ????0.1 | |
| Antioxidant | ????0.2 | ????0.2 | ????0.2 | ????0.2 | |
| Coupling agent | ????0.5 | ????0.5 | ????0.4 | ????0.4 | |
| Plasticizer | ????23.8 | ????16.9 | ????11.1 | ????4.3 | |
| The substrate layer master batch | Starch | ????60 | ????- | ????40 | ????25 |
| String | ????- | ????60 | ????25 | ????40 | |
| Resin | ????30 | ????30 | ????23.5 | ????23.5 | |
| Plasticizer | ????4 | ????8 | ????10 | ????10 | |
| Nano montmorillonite | ????5 | ????1 | ????- | ????- | |
| Coupling agent | ????1 | ????1 | ????1.5 | ????1.5 |
Claims (10)
1, adopt multi-layer co-extruded method to make the method for fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it carries out according to following step: a, preparation watertight composition master batch; B, preparation base material master batch; C, preparation watertight composition; D, preparation substrate layer; It is characterized in that e, watertight composition and substrate layer extrude through co-extrusion die head, obtain outer for watertight composition, intermediate layer be the co-extrusion sheet material of substrate layer; F, the co-extrusion sheet material is carried out processed molding, obtain the food and drink tool of fully biodegradable.
2, the multi-layer co-extruded method of employing according to claim 1 is made the method for fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described watertight composition master batch is preparation like this: according to percentage by weight be: resin 60～90%, pigment 1～15%, dispersant 0.1～0.5%, antioxidant 0.1～0.5%, coupling agent 0.1～0.5%, after mixing, the ratio of plasticizer 5～25% is added to limit intensification limit stirring in the batch mixer, made temperature rise to 60 ℃ at 5～30 minutes, take out then and put into double screw extruder 60～210 ℃ of granulations, obtain the watertight composition master batch, described resin is PLA, PCL, the mixture of one or more among the PPC.
3, the multi-layer co-extruded method of employing according to claim 2 is made the method for fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described pigment is one or more the mixing in redness, green, white, crocus, titanium dioxide, black, brown, peacock blue, the peacock green.
4, the multi-layer co-extruded method of employing according to claim 2 is made the method for fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described dispersant is one or more the mixing in Tissuemat E, polypropylene wax, the dioctyl phthalate; Described antioxidant is N, the N diaryl-p-phenylenediamine.
5, the multi-layer co-extruded method of employing according to claim 1 is made the method for fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described base material master batch is such preparation: according to percentage by weight be: starch 0～80%, string 0～80%, resin 15～40%, coupling agent 1～5%, plasticizer 1～25%, after mixing, the ratio of nano montmorillonite 1～10% is added to limit intensification limit stirring in the batch mixer, made temperature rise to 60 ℃ at 5～30 minutes, take out then and put into double screw extruder 60～210 ℃ of granulations, obtain the base material master batch, described resin is PVA, PCL, the mixture of one or more among the PPC.
6, the multi-layer co-extruded method of employing according to claim 5 is made the method for fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described string obtains according to following method: crop stalk is ground into 80～200 mesh sieves by pulverizer, obtains the string fine powder.
7, according to the method for claim 2 or the multi-layer co-extruded method manufacturing of 5 described employings fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described coupling agent is a carbon alkane coupling agent.
8, the multi-layer co-extruded method of employing according to claim 7 is made the method for fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described carbon alkane coupling agent is one or more the mixing among KH-550, KH-560, the KH-570.
9, according to the method for claim 2 or the multi-layer co-extruded method manufacturing of 5 described employings fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described plasticizer is one or more in glycerine, diethylene glycol (DEG), polyalcohol, formamido group, urea, the stearic acid.
10, the multi-layer co-extruded method of employing according to claim 5 is made the method for fully biodegradable tableware and drinkware material, it is characterized in that described starch is one or more the mixing in cornstarch, sweet potato powder, modified starch, middle phosphate ester starch, oxidized starch, acid starch, soyabean protein powder, the potato starch.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108175235A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-19 | 微徽房地产经纪（上海）有限公司 | A kind of Washing-free bowl and preparation method thereof |
| CN109591392A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-09 | 赵志坚 | A kind of environmental protection fast degradation cutlery box and preparation method thereof |
-
2004
- 2004-11-10 CN CN 200410044030 patent/CN1603089A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109591392A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-09 | 赵志坚 | A kind of environmental protection fast degradation cutlery box and preparation method thereof |
| CN108175235A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-19 | 微徽房地产经纪（上海）有限公司 | A kind of Washing-free bowl and preparation method thereof |
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