CN1598485A - Method for measuring thickness of concrete slab - Google Patents
Method for measuring thickness of concrete slab Download PDFInfo
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- CN1598485A CN1598485A CN 200410012456 CN200410012456A CN1598485A CN 1598485 A CN1598485 A CN 1598485A CN 200410012456 CN200410012456 CN 200410012456 CN 200410012456 A CN200410012456 A CN 200410012456A CN 1598485 A CN1598485 A CN 1598485A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring thickness of concrete board, which relates to non destructive detection for thickness of on site pouring concrete board in construction quality detection field. The invention uses the character of electromagnetic wave that it is declined along with the distance, the magnetism field intensity on a point in space of the electromagnetic field generated by the magnetic dipole is E, it not only has relation to the magnetic torque M namely the source intensity, but also has relation to the distance H from some point to the source point, the relation between E and H is: E=2M/H to the power alpha, alpha is the declining index, when the alpha valve is acquired, and the M is designed into a constant, the E valve can be worked out, thus the correspondent H value can be acquired, the thickness of the concrete board can be measured directly. The invention is accurate, quick, and the circuit is simple, the volume is small, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of measuring concrete slab thickness in the engineering construction quality testing field, be specially adapted to the non-damaged detection of measuring of cast-in-place concrete plate thickness.
Background technology
In building structure, many cast in place concrete plate are arranged, the thickness of plate is that the acceptance of work needs one of inspection quality index.But the generally sealing all around of plate in building element, not having can be for direct cross section with the ruler measurement, as floor in the room, some body of wall when the acceptance of work, was to punch onboard in the past, from its thickness of Kong Zhongliang, such one is to waste time and energy, the 2nd, structure is produced damaged.The thickness of at present domestic and international this class plate of Non-Destructive Testing adopts sound wave or hyperacoustic method mostly or uses the electromagnetism ultrasonic method.This class methods measuring error is generally between 5% to 10%, and as thickness of slab 15cm, error is 0.75 to 1.5cm, and this error just can not satisfy the requirement of grade estimation.Therefore a kind of nothing breakage and measuring accuracy concrete slab thickness measuring method accurately is provided, and has been the urgent gordian technique that solves in the building structure quality testing.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is carried out the non-damaged method of measuring concrete slab thickness with regard to providing a kind of electromagnetic wave that utilizes with the attenuation characteristic of distance, and the present invention also has characteristics such as measuring accuracy is accurate, measurement is efficient and convenient, the surveying instrument circuit is simple, volume is little, cost is low.
Technical matters to be solved by this invention realizes that by following technical scheme it comprises step:
1. generate an electromagnetic field with the magnetic dipole emission sensor, electromagnetic field is propagated the back and is received by the magnetic dipole receiving sensor in medium, and the magnetic field intensity on the magnetic dipole axis is calculated according to formula (1), E=2M/H
α(1), in the formula (1): E is the electromagnetic intensity on the H point apart from the magnetic dipole distance, and M is the magnetic moment of magnetic dipole, and H is the distance apart from magnetic dipole, and α is a damped expoential;
2. magnetic dipole emission sensor and magnetic dipole receiving sensor that to design a magnetic moment M be constant make to measure the sensor of electromagnetic intensity E;
3. measure with standard calibration device, change the size of distance H, record corresponding electromagnetic intensity E, then measure the data of one group of electromagnetic intensity Ei and distance H i, i is i=1 in the formula, 2,3, natural number to n, formula (1) is taken the logarithm, obtaining electromagnetic intensity logarithm computing formula (2) is: 1gE=1g (2M)-α 1gH (2), calculate one group of electromagnetic intensity Ei and distance H i is the log-linear relation curve by formula (2), and logarithm magnetic moment 1g (2M) and damped expoential α are respectively intercept and the slope in the log-linear relation curve;
According to one group of electromagnetism intensity Ei that records and distance H i data, then can obtain logarithm magnetic moment 1g (2M) value and damped expoential α value through linear regretional analysis;
4. the logarithm of measuring calculating detected concrete plate thickness value is apart from 1gH, and then distance H is calculated according to formula (3): H=1g
-1{ [1g (2M)-1gE]/α } (3) measure an electromagnetic intensity E value, just can calculate a respective distances H value according to formula (3), finish concrete slab thickness and measure.
Magnetic dipole emission sensor of the present invention and magnetic dipole receiving sensor correspondence respectively are placed on the detected concrete plate two sides, measure the distance H of concrete slab thickness value.
The present invention compares with background technology has following advantage:
1, measure thickness principle of the present invention is to utilize the attenuation characteristic of electromagnetic wave with distance, according to the electromagnetic intensity decay, is converted into the thickness of measuring concrete slab, has therefore realized non-damaged the measurement, and is time saving and energy saving, practical.
2, measure to calculate element be linear relationship to each in the measure thickness principle of the present invention, do not introduce error component, therefore the degree of accuracy height of measuring, measurement result accurately, satisfy the evaluation of engineering quality requirement.
3, the surveying instrument circuit made of measuring principle of the present invention is simple, and volume is little, and cost is low, measures efficient and convenient, the digital intuitive display of measurement result.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the built-up circuit principle calcspar of the embodiment of the invention.
Among Fig. 1: 1 is that emission sensor, 2 is that receiving sensor, 3 is that Signal Data Processor, 4 is that digital indicator, 5 is data storage.
Fig. 2 is the log-linear graph of relation of electromagnetic intensity E of the present invention and distance H.Among Fig. 2: 1gE is the logarithm magnetic field intensity, and 1gH is the logarithm distance, and 1g (2M) is the intercept of logarithm magnetic moment, and α is the slope of damped expoential.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 measure thickness principle of the present invention is to utilize the attenuation characteristic of electromagnetic wave with distance, the electromagnetic field that magnetic dipole produces is any magnetic field intensity in the space, except that the magnetic moment with magnetic dipole is outside the Pass the source strength size has, also a bit arrive distance dependent of source point with the space.Magnetic dipole emission sensor 1 generates an electromagnetic field among Fig. 1, and electromagnetic field is to propagate the back in the detected concrete plate to be received by magnetic dipole receiving sensor 2 at medium, and the magnetic field intensity on the magnetic dipole axis can be calculated E=2M/H according to formula (1)
α(1), E is a magnetic field intensity in the formula (1), and M is a magnetic moment, and H is a distance, and α is a damped expoential.Generation emission or the reception of embodiment magnetic field intensity E are finished by the magnetic dipole transmitter 1 among Fig. 1 and 2 two parts of receiving sensor.The coil diameter of making emission sensor 1 generation emission electromagnetic field is 3 to 20 centimetres, and coil turn is 5 to 1000 circles.Making the strong coil diameter of receiving sensor 2 reception electromagnetism is 2 to 10 centimetres, and coil turn is 5 to 1000 circles.
By formula (1) as can be known, magnetic dipole emission sensor 1 and receiving sensor 2 that to make a magnetic moment M be constant make to measure the sensor of electromagnetic intensity E, and embodiment can guarantee that magnetic moment M is a constant as long as guarantee to feed current constant in the emitter transducer 1.Input signal data processor 3, data storage 5 are carried out data processing and calculating and are carried out data storage behind the receiving sensor 2 reception electromagnetic fields.
Damped expoential α of the present invention can obtain by the test calibration, adopts standard calibration device to measure, and embodiment adopts scaling ruler, changes the size of distance H, record corresponding electromagnetic intensity E, then can record the data of one group of electromagnetic intensity Ei and distance H i, i is i=1 in the formula, 2,3 ... the natural number of n.
With reference to Fig. 2, formula (1) is taken the logarithm, obtaining electromagnetic intensity logarithm computing formula (2) is: 1gE=1g (2M)-α 1gH (2), calculate one group of electromagnetism intensity Ei and distance H i is the log-linear relation curve by formula (2), logarithm magnetic moment 1g (2M) and damped expoential α are respectively among Fig. 2 intercept and the slope to the linear relationship curve, can obtain logarithm magnetic moment 1g (2M) value and damped expoential α value according to the mathematics linear regression analysis, computation process is finished by the Signal Data Processor among Fig. 13, calculate damped expoential α value, result of calculation is stored by data storage 5.
The present invention measures and calculates detected concrete plate thickness value, is the middle logarithm of formula (2) apart from 1gH, and then distance H can be calculated H=1g according to formula (3)
-1{ [1g (2M)-1gE]/α } (3) by formula (3) as can be known, measure an electromagnetic intensity E value, just can calculate the distance H value of a correspondence, promptly finish concrete slab thickness and measure.Measuring one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 is directly shown by the digital indicator among Fig. 14.
Magnetic dipole emission sensor 1 of the present invention and magnetic dipole receiving sensor 2 correspondence respectively are seated on the detected concrete plate two sides, embodiment is the Signal Data Processor among Fig. 13, digital indicator 4, data storage 5 adopts integrated circuit (IC) chip to be made into main machine structure, receiving sensor 2 is connected with main frame by cable, after the magnetic field intensity E that receiving sensor 2 receives handles by cable input host data, can obtain to measure one-tenth-value thickness 1/10, the present invention measures thickness range can reach 50 to 300 millimeters, the thickness measuring accuracy error is no more than 2 millimeters of scholars, satisfies the evaluation of engineering quality requirement.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of method of measuring concrete slab thickness is characterized in that comprising step:
1. generate an electromagnetic field with the magnetic dipole emission sensor, electromagnetic field is propagated the back and is received by the magnetic dipole receiving sensor in medium, and the magnetic field intensity on the magnetic dipole axis is calculated according to formula (1), E=2M/H
α(1), in the formula (1): E is the electromagnetic intensity on the magnetic dipole distance H point, and M is the magnetic moment of magnetic dipole, and H is the distance apart from magnetic dipole, and α is a damped expoential;
2. magnetic dipole emission sensor and magnetic dipole receiving sensor that to design a magnetic moment M be constant make to measure the sensor of electromagnetic intensity E;
3. measure with standard calibration device, change the size of distance H, record corresponding electromagnetic intensity E, then measure the data of one group of electromagnetic intensity Ei and distance H i, i is i=1 in the formula, 2,3, natural number to n, formula (1) is taken the logarithm, obtaining electromagnetic intensity logarithm computing formula (2) is: 1gE=1g (2M)-α 1gH (2), calculate one group of electromagnetic intensity E and distance H i is the log-linear relation curve by formula (2), and logarithm magnetic moment 1g (2M) and damped expoential α are respectively intercept and the slope in the log-linear relation curve;
According to one group of electromagnetic intensity Ei that records and distance H i data, then can obtain logarithm magnetic moment 1g (2M) value and damped expoential α value through linear regretional analysis;
4. the logarithm of measuring calculating detected concrete plate thickness value is apart from 1gH, and then distance H is calculated according to formula (3): H=1g
-1{ [1g (2M)-1gE]/α } (3) measure an electromagnetic intensity E value, just can calculate a respective distances H value according to formula (3), finish concrete slab thickness and measure.
2, a kind of method of measuring concrete slab thickness according to claim 1, it is characterized in that magnetic dipole emission sensor and magnetic dipole receiving sensor respectively correspondence be seated on the detected concrete plate two sides, measure the distance H of concrete slab thickness value.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410012456 CN1257380C (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2004-07-30 | Method for measuring thickness of concrete slab |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200410012456 CN1257380C (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2004-07-30 | Method for measuring thickness of concrete slab |
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| CN1598485A true CN1598485A (en) | 2005-03-23 |
| CN1257380C CN1257380C (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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| CN 200410012456 Expired - Fee Related CN1257380C (en) | 2004-07-30 | 2004-07-30 | Method for measuring thickness of concrete slab |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100449254C (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2009-01-07 | 林俊明 | Electromechanical detection method of non-metallic material thickness |
| CN102759338A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-31 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | Method for measuring thickness of floor slab through nondestructive thicknessmeter |
| CN102768032A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-11-07 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | Method for measuring thickness of floor by using nondestructive thickness gauge |
| CN108548508A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-18 | 甘肃建科技术试验检测有限责任公司 | A kind of non-accurate detection method of breakage of thickness of concrete floor |
| CN113267149A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-17 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Equivalent icing thickness measuring system and method |
-
2004
- 2004-07-30 CN CN 200410012456 patent/CN1257380C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100449254C (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2009-01-07 | 林俊明 | Electromechanical detection method of non-metallic material thickness |
| CN102768032A (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2012-11-07 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | Method for measuring thickness of floor by using nondestructive thickness gauge |
| CN102768032B (en) * | 2012-07-19 | 2015-08-19 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | Nondestructive thickness measuring instrument is used to measure the method for slab thickness |
| CN102759338A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2012-10-31 | 葛洲坝集团试验检测有限公司 | Method for measuring thickness of floor slab through nondestructive thicknessmeter |
| CN108548508A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-18 | 甘肃建科技术试验检测有限责任公司 | A kind of non-accurate detection method of breakage of thickness of concrete floor |
| CN113267149A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-17 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Equivalent icing thickness measuring system and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1257380C (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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