CN108519583A - Acoustic emission source locating method suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel - Google Patents
Acoustic emission source locating method suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/18—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves
- G01S5/22—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of acoustic emission source locating methods suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel, belong to auditory localization technical field.Square shaped sensor device array is established, on the basis of triangle time difference method, the time difference information received by 48 sensors positions sound source, determines sound source position coordinate.For more traditional localization method, array structure of the present invention is simple, need number of sensors few, required space is smaller, and calculation amount is few, can not only be positioned to isotropic plate, and it is equally applicable to anisotropic plate, without knowing the characteristic informations such as velocity of sound in plate in advance, positioning accuracy and speed are effectively raised, the auditory localization of two-dimentional plate structure is more suitable for.The present invention proposes new method to the auditory localization problem in acoustic emission detection, and acoustic emission testing technology is one of important channel of lossless detection method, helps to find damage and potential threat in time, ensures safety of structure.There is good application prospect in fields such as automobile, space flight, medicine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to auditory localization technical fields, more particularly to a kind of acoustic emission source suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel
Localization method.
Background technology
Currently, platy structure is widely used in engineer equipment, such as the storage of body of a motor car, airframe, spacecraft, fuel
Tank etc..Not only the performance of equipment is caused directly to endanger when this class formation damages, and be possible to cause indirectly it is economical,
The loss of personnel.Acoustic emission testing technology is the important method for examining crackle, because with passive detection, dynamic monitoring, being applicable in
Property it is good, efficient the advantages that and be applied to extensively and efficiently in engineering, although the conventional lossless inspection such as x-ray, current vortex
Survey method has its unique application field, but all has limitation, such as of high cost, heavy workload etc..Sound emission is in structure
Go out the phenomenon that Elastic wave energy is propagated with partial injury quick release.When structural generation crackle or crack propagation
When, it will produce acoustic emission signal.The position of crackle and serious is may determine that by being detected analysis to acoustic emission signal
Degree.In acoustic emission phenomenon obviously structural damage starting stage, ultrasonic sensor pickup high frequency elastic wave letter is utilized
It number carries out analysis assessment and achievees the purpose that orientated damage source, here it is ACOUSTIC EMISSION SOURCE LOCATIONs.Common sound localization method
Mainly there is the localization method formed based on steerable beam, based on high-resolution localization method and based on the positioning for reaching delay inequality
Method.The first two localization method has the shortcomings that computation complexity is high, locating effect is bad, is limited by array structure and be unfavorable for reality
Shi Dingwei.Based on reach delay inequality localization method abbreviation time-of-arrival loaction, this method using wave in communication process when
Between information, can infer the spatial position of unknown object by spacetime coordinate relationship, this thought in seismic study, non-destructive testing and
There is important application in the fields such as global positioning system.Auditory localization most important technology in engineering practice is exactly positioning using TDOA
Method, according to acoustic emission signal reach sensor time, sensor arrangement position and medium in acoustical signal spread speed come
Determine the position of acoustic emission source.The previous two-dimentional auditory localization problem using time difference method is when receiving signal using multisensor
Poor information, by conventional normalizing square method, arbitrary plane triangle scheduling algorithm acquires intersection point, that is, the acoustic emission source position predicted
It sets.These conventional localization methods require experimental plates that must be that acoustics is isotropic, and in plate acoustic speed it is known that calculating process compared with
It is cumbersome, needs multiple sensors and multichannel receiving device, cost is higher, is unfavorable for the realization and general of auditory localization experiment
And.Positioning using TDOA is a kind of accurate and efficiently positioning method, is widely used in the detection of sample and component.Traditional triangle time difference
Measuring technique can not position the sound source on anisotropic plate, because this technology needs acoustic speed not change with the direction of propagation,
And the case where anisotropic plate, is really not so.The method of all auditory localizations on anisotropic plate proposed so far all needs
Rely on the speed knowledge of all directions in plate or a series of intensive sensors.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of acoustic emission source locating methods suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel, solve
The above problem of the existing technology.The present invention proposes one kind for the case where exposed spatial area is small, plate is anisotropy
Facilitate feasible acoustic emission source locating scheme, proposes theory relation expression on the basis of acoustic emission source Location Theory to this method
And experimental verification.The present invention can effectively improve acoustic emission source positioning experiment process, without understanding velocity of sound relevant knowledge in plate,
The time difference information and spatial information received using 4-8 sensor positions sound source, occupy compared with small area be quickly obtained compared with
In high precision.Realize monitoring structure state change, to greatest extent on reflect structural information.The experimental results showed that the technology is suitable
Acoustic emission source orientation problem for isotropism and anisotropic structure.It can effectively be positioned by passive monitoring technology
Two-dimensional flat plate acoustics source position.
The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Suitable for the acoustic emission source locating method of anisotropy two dimensional panel, include the following steps：
Step A, in two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, with four sensor S1、S2、S3、S4Establish one group of square shaped sensor device battle array
Row；
Step B records and stores the acoustic signals that sound source is sent out and reaches sensor S1、S2、S3、S4Oscillogram；
Step C obtains the time difference of required any two sensor by oscillogram；One acoustic source, the i.e. influence of foreign object
Or because the generation of crackle is formed by sound wave, sensor S is propagated to by two dimensional panel1、S2、S3、S4Time it is different；One
As in the wave of harden structure Surface Creation be Lamb wave；Lamb wave is propagated into sensor S from sound source1、S2、S3、S4Time use t1、
t2、t3And t4It indicates；Since acoustic events generate the correct time T of sound wave0It is unknown, so can not be from arrival sensor S1、
S2、S3、S4At the time of T1、T2、T3And T4Obtain accurately propagation time t1、t2、T3And T4；But the time difference is really readily available
's：
tij=ti-tj=(Ti-To)-(Tj-T0)=Tij
Although moment TiWith TjWith time tiWith tjDifference, but their poor TijAnd tijAs really；It is passed by comparing
Sensor S1、S2、S3、S4The acoustical signal waveform from sound source received reads note by reading the difference of Mintrop wave arrival time
Any two sensor needed for record receives the time difference of acoustical signal.If the velocity of wave in plate is defined as c, propagation distance is defined as
di, then d should just be had by reaching i-th of sensori=c × ti, it is possible to it is passed from i-th of sensor to j-th by sound wave
The time difference of sensor obtains the distance d from i-th of sensor to j-th of sensorij=c × tij。
Step D determines sound source position, steps are as follows according to square shaped sensor device array positioning principle：
Step D-1 establishes L-type sensor array with 3 sensors, receives what sound source was sent out according to each two sensor
The time difference of acoustical signal and the spatial relationship of sensor determine the straight line where an Acoustic Wave Propagation direction i.e. sound source；To be detected
On plate, places three spacing equal (d) and at isosceles right triangle sensor as receiving sensor, use S respectively1、S2、S3
It indicates；Assuming that three receiving sensor S1、S2、S3Coordinate (x1,y1),(x2,y2) and (x3,y3), then three receiving sensors
Coordinate relationship is：x2=x1+d,y2=y1,x3=x2And y3=y2-d；The coordinate of sound source A is (xA,yA)；Ectocine or crack
The impact of formation is as sound source, distance S of the sound source to i-th of sensoriIt must be much larger than the distance between sensor d；Therefore,
AS1、AS2And AS3Slope it is close；So by signal that three sensors receive in addition to time conversion regard as it is identical, even if right
In anisotropic plate, sound source A to sensor S1, S2And S3Velocity of wave on direction is also essentially identical, and c (θ) is the wave on the directions θ
Speed, angle θ can be expressed as：
Reach sensor S1Afterwards, sound wave reaches S2And S3Timing definition be Δ t12With Δ t13, the two time delays tool
There is following relationship：
It can be obtained from two formulas above:
Therefore known to the velocity of sound
Formula above
It is obtained, can clearly be obtained by following consideration
(AS2-AS1)=c (θ) × Δ t12
(AS3-AS1)=c (θ) × Δ t13
Three line AS when sound source is far from sensor1、AS2And AS3Parallel, P can be regarded as, Q is that sound source reaches S respectively1
When and AS1And AS2Intersecting lens, triangle S1S2P and triangle S1S3Q is congruent triangles, therefore is had
Direction of wave travel and speed in this direction can be by the experimental data Δ t that measure12With Δ t13It acquires；
Step D-2 increases a sensor composition square shaped sensor device array on the basis of L-type sensor array, according to
Sensor receives the time difference and the sensor spatial relationship for the acoustical signal that sound source is sent out, and determines the straight line where two sound sources, directly
Line intersection point is sound source position；
The L-type sensor array being made of three sensors can determine the side where a direction of propagation i.e. sound source for wave
To being based on this characteristic, sound source position can be obtained by sensor array as two groups, in order to reduce sensor number
Space shared by amount and sensor puts together two groups of L-type sensor array overlappings, in sensor S3Left side increase by one
Sensor S4(x4,y4), it is arranged to quadrate array；Then sensor S4Space coordinate relationship has x4=x3-d,y4=y3；Every three
The sensor array for forming L-type can be by the straight line where one sound source of time difference acquisition, for sensor S1、S2、S4It is formed
L-type sensor array can pass through time delay Δ t21With Δ t24It acquires sound wave and prolongs S2The direction of propagation；Similarly, for sensor
S1、S3、S4The L-type sensor array of formation can also pass through time delay Δ t31With Δ t34It acquires sound wave and prolongs S3The direction of propagation；Pass through
By two L-type sensor array such as S1、S2、S4And S1、S3、S4The square shaped sensor device array of composition, sound is received by sensor
The time difference information of signal can obtain the slope and β of the straight line where two sound sources；
It can be obtained by two intersecting straight lines
The intersection point of straight line where two sound sources is exactly the coordinate of sound source；
Step E increases another square shaped sensor device array increase sound on the basis of single group square shaped sensor device array
The accuracy of source positioning.
The sensor is ultrasound piezoelectric sensor.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：The present invention utilizes the spatial relationship and Delay acquisition sound of 4-8 sensor
Source position can effectively solve the problems, such as that multiple directions put sensor relative to traditional sound localization method, need less
Number of sensors, improve locating speed, no matter two-dimentional plate structure, which is isotropism or anisotropy, is applicable in, and is not necessarily to
The Distributions of Acoustic Velocity of plate structure is known in advance, and this method is easy to arrange sensor placement, to more convenient, quick.Nothing
Need complicated calculating.Occupied space is smaller relatively to be concentrated, and is not needed structure and is exposed larger surface placement sensor.New method can be
Realize that the sensor array for being one group by 4 sensors makes a large sensor, can thus fast implement sound in engineering
Source positions.This method can not only be applied to non-destructive testing acoustic emission, when sensor changes frequency or is changed to microphone
When be even more auditory localization side in the application prospects such as video conference, speech enhan-cement, hearing aid, hands-free phone and intelligent robot
Method provides theories integration.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and is constituted part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative example and its explanation is not constituted improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the L-type sensor array of 3 sensors composition of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the square shaped sensor device array of 4 sensors composition of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the auditory localization figure when present invention increases by second square shaped sensor device array；
Fig. 4 is the two-dimentional plate structure sound localization method flow chart of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The detailed content and its specific implementation mode further illustrated the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, the acoustic emission source locating method suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel of the invention, including
Following steps：
Suitable for the acoustic emission source locating method of anisotropy two dimensional panel, include the following steps：
Step A, in two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, with four sensor S1、S2、S3、S4Establish one group of square shaped sensor device battle array
Row are as shown in Figure 2；
Step B records and stores the acoustic signals that sound source is sent out and reaches sensor S1、S2、S3、S4Oscillogram；
Step C obtains the time difference of required any two sensor by oscillogram；One acoustic source, the i.e. influence of foreign object
Or because the generation of crackle is formed by sound wave, sensor S is propagated to by two dimensional panel1、S2、S3、S4Time it is different；One
As in the wave of harden structure Surface Creation be Lamb wave；Lamb wave is propagated into sensor S from sound source1、S2、S3、S4Time use t1、
t2、t3And t4It indicates；Since acoustic events generate the correct time T of sound wave0It is unknown, so can not be from arrival sensor S1、
S2、S3、S4At the time of T1、T2、T3And T4Obtain accurately propagation time t1、t2、T3And T4；But the time difference is really readily available
's：
tij=ti-tj=(Ti-To)-(Tj-T0)=Tij
Although moment TiWith TjWith time tiWith tjDifference, but their poor TijAnd tijAs really；It is passed by comparing
Sensor S1、S2、S3、S4The acoustical signal waveform from sound source received reads note by reading the difference of Mintrop wave arrival time
Any two sensor needed for record receives the time difference of acoustical signal.If the velocity of wave in plate is defined as c, propagation distance is defined as
di, then d should just be had by reaching i-th of sensori=c × ti, it is possible to it is passed from i-th of sensor to j-th by sound wave
The time difference of sensor obtains the distance d from i-th of sensor to j-th of sensorij=c × tij。
Step D determines sound source position, steps are as follows according to square shaped sensor device array positioning principle：
Step D-1 establishes L-type sensor array as shown in Figure 1, being received according to each two sensor with 3 sensors
The time difference for the acoustical signal that sound source is sent out and the spatial relationship of sensor determine straight where an Acoustic Wave Propagation direction i.e. sound source
Line；On drafting board to be checked, places three spacing equal (d) and at isosceles right triangle sensor as receiving sensor, divide
S is not used1、S2、S3It indicates；Assuming that three receiving sensor S1、S2、S3Coordinate (x1,y1),(x2,y2) and (x3,y3), then three
The coordinate relationship of receiving sensor is：x2=x1+d,y2=y1,x3=x2And y3=y2-d；The coordinate of sound source A is (xA,yA)；Outside
Boundary influences or the impact of cracking initiation is as sound source, distance S of the sound source to i-th of sensoriIt must be much larger than between sensor
Distance d；Therefore, AS1、AS2And AS3Slope it is close；So the signal that three sensors receive is regarded as in addition to the time converts
It is identical, even for anisotropic plate, sound source A to sensor S1, S2And S3Velocity of wave on direction is also essentially identical, and c (θ) is in θ
Velocity of wave on direction, angle θ can be expressed as：
Reach sensor S1Afterwards, sound wave reaches S2And S3Timing definition be Δ t12With Δ t13, the two time delays tool
There is following relationship：
It can be obtained from two formulas above:
Therefore known to the velocity of sound
Formula above
It is obtained, can clearly be obtained by following consideration
(AS2-AS1)=c (θ) × Δ t12
(AS3-AS1)=c (θ) × Δ t13
Three line AS when sound source is far from sensor1、AS2And AS3Parallel, P can be regarded as, Q is that sound source reaches S respectively1
When and AS1And AS2Intersecting lens, triangle S1S2P and triangle S1S3Q is congruent triangles, therefore is had
Direction of wave travel and speed in this direction can be by the experimental data Δ t that measure12With Δ t13It acquires；
Step D-2 increases a sensor composition square shaped sensor device array such as Fig. 2 on the basis of L-type sensor array
It is shown, the time difference and the sensor spatial relationship of the acoustical signal that sound source is sent out are received according to sensor, determine two sound sources places
Straight line, straight-line intersection is sound source position；
The L-type sensor array being made of three sensors can determine the side where a direction of propagation i.e. sound source for wave
To being based on this characteristic, sound source position can be obtained by sensor array as two groups, in order to reduce sensor number
Space shared by amount and sensor puts together two groups of L-type sensor array overlappings, in sensor S3Left side increase by one
Sensor S4(x4,y4), it is arranged to quadrate array；Then sensor S4Space coordinate relationship has x4=x3-d,y4=y3；Every three
The sensor array for forming L-type can be by the straight line where one sound source of time difference acquisition, for sensor S1、S2、S4It is formed
L-type sensor array can pass through time delay Δ t21With Δ t24It acquires sound wave and prolongs S2The direction of propagation；Similarly, for sensor
S1、S3、S4The L-type sensor array of formation can also pass through time delay Δ t31With Δ t34It acquires sound wave and prolongs S3The direction of propagation；Pass through
By two L-type sensor array such as S1、S2、S4And S1、S3、S4The square shaped sensor device array of composition, sound is received by sensor
The time difference information of signal can obtain the slope and β of the straight line where two sound sources；
It can be obtained by two intersecting straight lines
The intersection point of straight line where two sound sources is exactly the coordinate of sound source；
Step E increases another square shaped sensor device array increase sound on the basis of single group square shaped sensor device array
The accuracy of source positioning is as shown in Figure 3.
Although single square shaped sensor device array can be obtained sound source position in principle, in actual mechanical process,
Since the direction of propagation of wave is worth to by time difference ratio, the time delay error of very little may result in larger experimental error.Increase
Add another group of square shaped sensor device array that can effectively reduce this kind of error.2 groups of square shaped sensor devices as shown in Figure 3 are placed on 2
A different directions, the straight line where four sound sources can form the region where sound source, greatly reduce error.
Embodiment：
Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the acoustic emission source locating method suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel of the invention is established
Square shaped sensor device array, on the basis of triangle time difference method, the time difference information received by 4-8 ultrasonic sensor is to sound
Source is positioned, and determines sound source position coordinate.For more traditional localization method, array structure of the present invention is simple, needs to sense
Device quantity is few, and required space is smaller, and calculation amount is few, is isotropism or anisotropy no requirement (NR) to plate, without knowing in advance
The characteristic informations such as velocity of sound, effectively raise positioning accuracy and speed in plate, and the sound source for being more suitable for two-dimentional plate structure is fixed
Position.The present invention proposes new method to the auditory localization problem in acoustic emission detection, and acoustic emission testing technology is non-destructive testing
One of important channel of method helps to find damage and potential threat in time, ensures safety of structure.In automobile, space flight, doctor
There is good application prospect in etc. fields.It is as follows：
Step A, establishes two-dimensional coordinate system, on the anisotropic plate of 500mm × 500mm, by four 150kHz ultrasonic waves
Sensor puts into square shaped sensor device array, the spacing d=3cm, S of receiving sensor placement location1Coordinate be (15,
15), then S2、S3、S4Coordinate be respectively (13,15), (15,13), (13,13).Grid is finished on the steel plate, according to square
Positioning principle one point of pencil entitling, the position of point is arbitrary, records the coordinate value x and y of the point in a coordinate system.
Step B, being dubbed in sound source position with pencil makes pen core fracture, as simulation sound source.
Step C emits receiving instrument receiving sensor in S by ultrasonic pulse1、S2、S3、S4The oscillogram of position, passes through
Oscillograph stores oscillogram and reads time difference Δ t12、Δt23、Δt14、Δt34, make a record.
Step D seeks sound source position coordinate, by formula
Computer program is write according to square sound localization method principle.Again by sensor S2、S3Space coordinate sound source
Two straight lines at place simultaneously draw image, find out sound source position.
The results are shown in table below
Error is defined as in table
It can be seen that can preferably be predicted to speak from sound source to the temporal information of 4 sensing stations by detecting sound wave
Source position.Because the prediction sound source coordinate of this method is acquired by the intersection point of two straight lines, the slope of any straight line
Very big influence is all played to the accuracy rate of sound source prediction.Behaviour is tested in addition to the error that two straight slopes are brought also has
Error during work, sensor diameter itself reaches 14mm, and sensor is considered as a point in data handling, necessarily makes
At error.The position of test point, that is, sensor is manually to demarcate, and is bound to introduce instrument error and personal error.Due to plate compared with
Small, measurement point may be due to the problems such as depending on proximal border to cause reflection echo.Caused by the attenuation characteristic of plane wave itself accidentally
Difference.
Step E, when single group square shaped sensor device, which repeatedly measures, different prediction sound sources occurs, specification error is larger, at this time
Increase another group of square shaped sensor device array to obtain more accurately sound source position.
Other 4 sensors are placed into the other side of plate, S at square5、S6、S7、S8Coordinate be respectively (37,15),
(35,15), (37,13) and (35,13).Fracture pencil lead at sound source, excites sound source.8 biographies are measured by time difference analyzer
It the time difference of sensor, makes a record.
According to formula
According to sensor S2、S3、S6、S7Space coordinate find out four straight lines where sound source, even if not meeting at one
Point, but the concentrated area formed is to predict sound source region.It can effectively be avoided according to 2 groups of square shaped sensor device arrays
The prediction sound source of mistake.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for the technology of this field
For personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. made for the present invention,
It should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of acoustic emission source locating method suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel includes the following steps：
Step A, in two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, with four sensor S1、S2、S3、S4Establish one group of square shaped sensor device array；
Step B records and stores the acoustic signals that sound source is sent out and reaches sensor S1、S2、S3、S4Oscillogram；
Step C obtains the time difference of required any two sensor by oscillogram；One acoustic source, i.e., the influence of foreign object or
Because the generation of crackle is formed by sound wave, sensor S is propagated to by two dimensional panel1、S2、S3、S4Time it is different；Generally exist
The wave of harden structure Surface Creation is Lamb wave；Lamb wave is propagated into sensor S from sound source1、S2、S3、S4Time use t1、t2、
t3And t4It indicates；Since acoustic events generate the correct time T of sound wave0It is unknown, so can not be from arrival sensor S1、S2、
S3、S4At the time of T1、T2、T3And T4Obtain accurately propagation time t1、t2、T3And T4；But what the time difference was really readily available：
tij=ti-tj=(Ti-To)-(Tj-T0)=Tij
Although moment TiWith TjWith time tiWith tjDifference, but their poor TijAnd tijAs really；By comparing sensor
S1、S2、S3、S4The acoustical signal waveform from sound source received reads record institute by reading the difference of Mintrop wave arrival time
Any two sensor is needed to receive the time difference of acoustical signal；If the velocity of wave in plate is defined as c, propagation distance is defined as di, that
D should just be had by reaching i-th of sensori=c × ti, it is possible to by sound wave from i-th of sensor to j-th of sensor
The time difference obtain the distance d from i-th of sensor to j-th of sensorij=c × tij；
Step D determines sound source position, steps are as follows according to square shaped sensor device array positioning principle：
Step D-1 establishes L-type sensor array with 3 sensors, and receiving the sound that sound source is sent out according to each two sensor believes
Number the time difference and sensor spatial relationship, determine the straight line where an Acoustic Wave Propagation direction i.e. sound source；On drafting board to be checked,
It places three spacing equal (d) and at isosceles right triangle sensor as receiving sensor, uses S respectively1、S2、S3It indicates；
Assuming that three receiving sensor S1、S2、S3Coordinate (x1,y1),(x2,y2) and (x3,y3), then the coordinate of three receiving sensors
Relationship is：x2=x1+d,y2=y1,x3=x2And y3=y2-d；The coordinate of sound source A is (xA,yA)；Ectocine or cracking initiation
Impact as sound source, distance S of the sound source to i-th of sensoriIt must be much larger than the distance between sensor d；Therefore, AS1、AS2
And AS3Slope it is close；So by signal that three sensors receive in addition to time conversion regard as it is identical, even for it is each to
Anisotropic plate, sound source A to sensor S1, S2And S3Velocity of wave on direction is also essentially identical, and c (θ) is the velocity of wave on the directions θ, angle θ
It can be expressed as：
Reach sensor S1Afterwards, sound wave reaches S2And S3Timing definition be Δ t12With Δ t13, the two time delays have following
Relationship：
It can be obtained from two formulas above:
Therefore known to the velocity of sound
Formula above
It is obtained, can clearly be obtained by following consideration
(AS2-AS1)=c (θ) × Δ t12
(AS3-AS1)=c (θ) × Δ t13
Three line AS when sound source is far from sensor1、AS2And AS3Parallel, P can be regarded as, Q is that sound source reaches S respectively1When with
AS1And AS2Intersecting lens, triangle S1S2P and triangle S1S3Q is congruent triangles, therefore is had
Direction of wave travel and speed in this direction can be by the experimental data Δ t that measure12With Δ t13It acquires；
Step D-2 increases a sensor composition square shaped sensor device array, according to sensing on the basis of L-type sensor array
Device receives the time difference and the sensor spatial relationship for the acoustical signal that sound source is sent out, and determines that the straight line where two sound sources, straight line are handed over
Point is sound source position；
The L-type sensor array being made of three sensors can determine the direction where a direction of propagation i.e. sound source for wave,
Based on this characteristic, sound source position can be obtained by sensor array as two groups, in order to reduce number of sensors
And the space shared by sensor, two groups of L-type sensor array overlappings are put together, in sensor S3Left side increase by one biography
Sensor S4(x4,y4), it is arranged to quadrate array；Then sensor S4Space coordinate relationship has x4=x3-d,y4=y3；Every three shapes
The sensor array of l-shaped can obtain the straight line where a sound source by the time difference, for sensor S1、S2、S4It is formed
L-type sensor array can pass through time delay Δ t21With Δ t24It acquires sound wave and prolongs S2The direction of propagation；Similarly, for sensor S1、
S3、S4The L-type sensor array of formation can also pass through time delay Δ t31With Δ t34It acquires sound wave and prolongs S3The direction of propagation；By by
Two L-type sensor array such as S1、S2、S4And S1、S3、S4The square shaped sensor device array of composition receives sound letter by sensor
Number time difference information can obtain the slope and β of the straight line where two sound sources；
It can be obtained by two intersecting straight lines
The intersection point of straight line where two sound sources is exactly the coordinate of sound source；
It is fixed to increase another square shaped sensor device array increase sound source on the basis of single group square shaped sensor device array by step E
The accuracy of position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810318791.0A CN108519583A (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Acoustic emission source locating method suitable for anisotropy two dimensional panel |
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