CN1596825A - Method and circuit for measuring of inhibiting electrocardiac waveforms by suppressing pace make pulse - Google Patents
Method and circuit for measuring of inhibiting electrocardiac waveforms by suppressing pace make pulse Download PDFInfo
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- CN1596825A CN1596825A CN 200410050873 CN200410050873A CN1596825A CN 1596825 A CN1596825 A CN 1596825A CN 200410050873 CN200410050873 CN 200410050873 CN 200410050873 A CN200410050873 A CN 200410050873A CN 1596825 A CN1596825 A CN 1596825A
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Abstract
A method and circuit for measuring the electrocardiac waveforms by suppressing the pacemaking pulse features that according to ampletude of electrocardiac DC shift voltage, a microprocessor is used to precisely control the adptive regulation to output voltage of A/D and D/A converters for cancelling said electrocardiac DC shift, and after amplified and clamped, the pacemaking pulse can be suppressed.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to be used for detection, measurement or the record of diagnostic purpose, particularly relates to being used to measure/method or the circuit of recorder body-centered electrical waveform.
The measurement of background technology electrocardio is to utilize the plural electrocardioelectrode with contact skin to realize picking up of electrocardiosignal, and the ecg cable by the band shielding is transferred to the electrocardio circuit then, and approach such as selection, amplification, filtering obtain ecg wave form through leading.The electrocardiosignal of body surface is fainter, only is the low-frequency ac signal of mV level, and generally in ± 5mV, the main frequency composition is between 0.1～40Hz, and the variation with QRS (ventricular depolarization complex) complex wave in the main ripple is the fastest, can reach 400mV/s.Electrocardioelectrode and contact skin can produce polarizing voltage, two interelectrode direct current offsets just, and amplitude generally between ± 300mV and change slowly, is presented as certain dc offset voltage at last on electrocardiosignal.
Have on pacemaker patient's the ecg wave form except being superimposed with polarizing voltage, also have pacemaker impulse.The amplitude range of the relative electrocardiosignal of pacemaker impulse is much bigger, and its amplitude can reach ± 700mV, pulse width: 0.1～2.0ms, the rise time: 10 μ s～100 μ s (less than pulse width 10%).If in the electrocardiogram acquisition process, pacemaker impulse is not effectively suppressed, after electrocardiac channel amplifiers at different levels and low pass filter, the amplitude of pacemaker impulse is exaggerated, the persistent period broadening, the harm that may bring two aspects: in feature identification and heart rate calculating, pacemaker impulse may be used as normal QRS ripple on the one hand and count heart rate.If this moment, heart of patient stopped fighting or arrhythmia, can cause the heart rate mistake in computation, cause mistaken diagnosis; On the other hand, when the pacemaker impulse amplitude is big, after particularly amplifying through what, be easy to make high pass filter saturated, the time constant of high pass filter generally very big (cut-off frequency is generally 0.05Hz), consequently pacemaker impulse was after the past, and high pass filter output still can not in time recover, directly influence the form of electrocardio ripple, influence the doctor and obtain diagnostic message.Under some extreme case, pacemaker impulse may overlap with electrocardio QRS ripple, disturbs the identification of ecg wave form greatly.
The electrocardio measuring circuit of prior art generally takes dual mode to suppress pacemaker impulse.The first exchanges clamper, promptly adopts the mode of pair of diodes reverse parallel connection through capacity earth.This circuit structure is the simplest, but weak effect, can not fine processing electrocardio dc offset voltage, may cause the ecg wave form baseline drift.Stronger pacemaker impulse makes the interchange clamp capacitor saturated easily, causes the ecg wave form distortion.It two is Slew Rate restrictions, generally is made of integral element and feedback control link, by the maximum integral voltage of diode clamp with the restriction circuit, thereby reaches the purpose that suppresses pacemaker impulse.The method is effective, but the circuit structure complexity uses components and parts many, and circuit area is big, is not suitable for the multichannel occasion of multi-lead.
The summary of the invention the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to avoid above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part and proposes a kind ofly can automatically the ecg wave form baseline adjusted be put in place and can suppress the ecg wave form measuring method of pacemaker impulse.
The present invention solve the technical problem can be by realizing by the following technical solutions:
Propose a kind of ecg wave form measuring method that suppresses pacemaker impulse, comprise the steps:
1. pick up electrocardiosignal and select circuit to select output by each electrocardioelectrode through leading;
2. select the electrocardiosignal of circuit output to do the low noise amplification from leading, become electrocardiosignal Uec through amplifying through preamplifier;
3. quantize the electrocardiosignal Uec of preamplifier output,, calculate electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec in real time its input microprocessor unit
-, regulate diode circuit electrocardiosignal before adaptively, offset dc offset voltage wherein.
4. described electrocardiosignal Uec suppresses the pace-making pulse by clamping diode circuit again;
5. the electrocardiosignal Uec ' through the diode circuit clamper handles through high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering amplifying circuit again, promptly obtains needed ecg wave form signal;
The present invention solve the technical problem and can also further realize by coming by the following technical solutions:
Design, a kind of ecg wave form measuring circuit that can suppress pacemaker impulse of use, comprising leads selects circuit, preamplifier, diode clamping circuit and high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering amplifying circuit, selects circuit to export to described preamplifier, microprocessor unit, analog to digital conversion circuit, D/A converting circuit and add circuit by the electrocardiosignal that electrocardioelectrode is picked up through leading; Analog-digital conversion circuit as described receives the electrocardio dc offset voltage analogue signal of described preamplifier output, and be electrocardio dc offset voltage digital signal with described electrocardio dc offset voltage analog signal conversion, described microprocessor unit is according to the electrocardio dc offset voltage digital signal of analog-digital conversion circuit as described output, identical via one of described D/A converting circuit output with this electrocardio dc offset voltage size, the opposite DC voltage analogue signal of direction is to described add circuit, this add circuit is accepted the electrocardiosignal and the DC voltage analogue signal of described preamplifier output, export an electrocardiosignal of having eliminated the electrocardio dc offset voltage to described diode clamping circuit, this diode clamping circuit will export described high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering amplifying circuit through the electrocardiosignal that has suppressed pacemaker impulse to, and this high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering amplifying circuit export electrocardiosignal to described analog-digital converter.
Generally speaking, the amplitude of pace-making pulse ratio electrocardiosignal is much bigger, if can be directly with pace-making pulse clamper, and just can simple and effective inhibition pace-making pulse.Exchange clamper and use this principle exactly, but exchanging the clamper mode can not eliminate the electrocardio dc offset voltage fully, influence the pace-making pulse and suppressed effect.In addition, therefore synergetic dc offset voltage also is difficult to find a fixation clamps bit level in order to suppress the pace-making pulse with individual relevant on the electrocardiosignal.And the present invention is just according to electrocardio dc offset voltage size, adopt microprocessor accurately to control modulus and the adaptive adjusting output voltage counteracting of digital to analog converter electrocardio dc offset voltage, clamper after one-level is amplified raising electrocardiosignal amplitude can suppress the pace-making pulse effectively again.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect: can carry out the electrocardio offset voltage automatically and regulate, the influence of cancellation of DC offset voltage and inhibition pace-making pulse have improved the adaptive capacity to different polarizing voltages very effectively, adjustment process is simple, and realization speed is fast; Circuit structure is fairly simple, uses device few, and area is little, is particularly suitable for the multichannel multi-lead and gets the electrocardio measuring system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention can suppress the ecg wave form measuring method of pacemaker impulse and the block diagram of circuit;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic that the present invention can suppress the ecg wave form measuring circuit of pacemaker impulse;
Fig. 3 is the FB(flow block) that microprocessor of the present invention includes control software.
The specific embodiment is described in further detail below in conjunction with the most preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing.
The inventive method may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 1 successively:
1. pick up electrocardiosignal and select circuit 9 to select output by each electrocardioelectrode through leading;
2. select the electrocardiosignal of circuit 9 outputs to do the low noise amplification from leading, become electrocardiosignal Uec through amplifying through preamplifier 1;
3. quantize the electrocardiosignal Uec of preamplifier 1 output,, calculate electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec in real time its input microprocessor unit 3
-, regulate diode circuit 7 electrocardiosignal before adaptively, offset wherein dc offset voltage.
4. described electrocardiosignal Uec suppresses the pace-making pulse by clamping diode circuit 7 again;
5. the electrocardiosignal Uec ' through diode circuit 7 clampers handles through high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering amplifying circuit 8 again, promptly obtains needed ecg wave form signal.
3. described step also comprises following each substep:
A will constantly be transformed to the binary digital signal that microprocessor unit can be discerned and handle from the sampling electrocardiosignal Uec of preamplifier 1 by analog to digital conversion circuit 2;
B constantly is input to microprocessor unit 3 from the digital electrocardiosignal of analog to digital conversion circuit 2 outputs, calculates average electrocardiosignal voltage, i.e. electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec through it
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C microprocessor unit 3 is controlled D/A converting circuit 4 outputs and described result of calculation, i.e. electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec according to the aforementioned calculation result
-Amplitude equates but opposite polarity another DC voltage-Uec
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D is by the analog DC voltage-Uec of D/A converting circuit 4 outputs
-, the analog electrocardiogram signal voltage Uec with preamplifier 1 output imports add circuit 6 side by side, thereby offsets the electrocardio dc offset voltage in the electrocardiosignal voltage of add circuit 6 outputs.
Circuit of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise preamplifier 1, analog to digital conversion circuit 2, microprocessor unit 3, D/A converting circuit 4, (digital to analog converter) output buffer 5, add circuit 6, diode clamping circuit 7, back level high pass and low-pass filtering and amplifying circuit 8 and the selection circuit 9 that leads.
Select circuit 9 to export to described preamplifier 1 by the electrocardiosignal that electrocardioelectrode is picked up through leading, also comprise microprocessor 3, analog to digital conversion circuit 2, D/A converting circuit 4 and add circuit 6; Analog-digital conversion circuit as described 2 receives the electrocardio dc offset voltage analogue signal of described preamplifier 1 output, and be electrocardio dc offset voltage digital signal with described electrocardio dc offset voltage analog signal conversion, described microprocessor 3 is according to the electrocardio dc offset voltage digital signal of analog-digital conversion circuit as described 2 outputs, identical via described D/A converting circuit 4 one of output with this electrocardio dc offset voltage size, the opposite DC voltage analogue signal of direction is to described D/A converting circuit 4, and the DC voltage analogue signal of these D/A converting circuit 4 outputs exports described add circuit 6 to via described buffer 5.This add circuit 6 is accepted the electrocardiosignal and the DC voltage analogue signal of described preamplifier 1 output, export an electrocardiosignal of having eliminated the electrocardio dc offset voltage to described diode clamping circuit 7, this diode clamping circuit 7 will export described filtering and amplifying circuit 8 through the electrocardiosignal that has suppressed pacemaker impulse to, and this filtering and amplifying circuit 8 export electrocardiosignal to described analog-digital converter 2.
Each ingredient to circuit of the present invention describes respectively below:
1. pre-amplification circuit
Electrocardiosignal is the lower small-signal of a kind of frequency, and source impedance is higher, has stronger background noise and interference.Therefore preposition amplification is a key of obtaining the high-quality ecg wave form, and requirement has high input impedance, high cmrr, low noise and low drift.In order to satisfy above requirement, integrated instrument amplifier U1 has constituted pre-amplification circuit, and its gain is determined by resistance R g, is made as 10 times.Preamplifier output is connected respectively to analog to digital conversion circuit input and add circuit input resistance R4.U1 can adopt the instrument amplifiers such as AD620 of ADI company.
2. analog to digital conversion circuit
This is 12 analog-digital converters, input range 0-2.5V.Under the control of microprocessor, the ecg wave form of analog-digital converter sampling preamplifier output voltage and the last output of this circuit.The voltage conversion circuit that U2C constitutes has been passed through in the output of preamplifier.Current potential translation circuit general ± 5V voltage linear transforms to the 0-2.5V scope.This circuit is output as:
Analog-digital converter can be selected 12 analog-digital converters of multichannels such as MAX1290 of MAXIM company for use.
3. microprocessor
Microprocessor is the core of this circuit, scheduling entire process process: read the sampled result of analog-digital converter to analogue signal, through on average obtaining electrocardiosignal dc offset voltage size, it is big or small with it identical to control digital to analog converter output again, the voltage that direction is opposite.
Microprocessor can select for use 51 series monolithics or other to have the single-chip microcomputer of 8/16 external bus.
4. D/A converting circuit
D convertor circuit is exported identical with electrocardiosignal dc offset voltage size under the control of microprocessor, the voltage that direction is opposite, the dc offset voltage that is used for offsetting electrocardiosignal.D convertor circuit needs ± output area (covering the output area of instrument amplifier) of 5V.The output of d convertor circuit is connected to output buffer.
Analog-digital converter can be selected multichannels such as the TLV5628 8 figure place weighted-voltage D/A converters of TI company for use.
5. digital to analog converter output buffer
The output of d convertor circuit is connected to output buffer.Output buffer is by amplifier U2D and R16, and the gain that C6 constitutes is 1 low pass filter.This buffer is used for the output signal of level and smooth digital to analog converter, plays the effect of eliminating the digital to analog converter noise.The output of output buffer is connected to add circuit input resistance R3.
U2 can select TL064 of general amplifier TI company etc. for use.
6. add circuit
Add circuit is made of amplifier U2A.At this one-level circuit, electrocardiosignal and the addition of buffer output voltage level off to 0 after consequently the dc offset voltage of electrocardiosignal is cancelled.Suppress effect in order to strengthen the pace-making pulse, this circuit carries out certain amplification to electrocardiosignal.On the theory, amplification is big more, and it is just good more to suppress effect.But in fact, must guarantee to amplify the clamp voltage that back electrocardiosignal amplitude is no more than diode (± 700mV), otherwise, will cause electrocardiosignal to cut the top through behind the diode clamp.The add circuit gain is made as 5, can guarantee that the electrocardiosignal amplitude of add circuit output is no more than clamp voltage.This circuit is output as:
U2 can select general amplifier TL064 etc. for use
7. diode clamping circuit
The output of add circuit is connected to diode clamping circuit, realizes the clamper to the pace-making pulse, the amplitude of restriction pace-making pulse.The amplitude of electrocardiosignal does not reach clamp voltage, so this part circuit can not exert an influence to normal electrocardiosignal.This circuit is made of the diode of a pair of reverse parallel connection ground connection, and resistance R 7 plays the effect of current limliting, protection amplifier.Through this one-level circuit, the pace-making pulse exceeds the clamp voltage part will be clipped, and plays the effect that suppresses the pace-making pulse.The output of diode clamping circuit is connected to back level filtering and amplifying circuit.
Clamp diode can be selected the BAV99WT1 of PHILIPS company for use.
8. level filter amplification circuit after
Signal behind the diode clamp is connected to back level filter amplification circuit and does further processing.This one-level circuit comprises: the high pass filter that R8 and C3 constitute; The in-phase amplification circuit that U2B constitutes, gain is made as 4, and R10 and C4 formation low pass filter; R11 and C5 also constitute the RC low pass filter.The analog-digital converter sampling is directly sent in the output of circuit at the corresponding levels.The high pass filter of circuit at the corresponding levels and the reference potential of low pass filter are 1.25V, so the output electrocardiosignal baseline of circuit at the corresponding levels is 1.25V.The gain of entire circuit is 10 * 5 * 4=200, therefore ± the 5mV electrocardiosignal amplify output in scope in 0-2.5V, satisfy the requirement of analog-digital converter input voltage.
9. the selection circuit leads
Lead and select circuit to realize the selection of leading, lead and select output to be connected to preamplifier.
Microprocessor of the present invention includes control software, and this control software and above-mentioned hardware are mainly finished preamplifier and exported the collection and the processing of electrocardiosignal, offset the electrocardio dc offset voltage by the suitable DC voltage of digital to analog converter output together.And after guaranteeing that electrocardiosignal is amplified through add circuit, clamp voltage (± 700mV) in the scope.
Described control software flow as shown in Figure 3, the part of data acquisition of this control software is a regularly interruption subroutine, it is 2ms that time in sampling interval is set, promptly finish collection to the preamplifier output signal with the sample rate of 500Hz, 40 points (perhaps 10 a multiple point) of sampling calculate its meansigma methods, as electrocardio dc offset voltage size; The electrocardio dc offset voltage size that dc offset voltage regulon program obtains according to sampled result, identical by digital to analog converter output subsequently with its size, the DC voltage that direction is opposite, offset the electrocardio dc offset voltage through buffer and add circuit, electrocardiosignal plays the purpose that suppresses the pace-making pulse through the diode clamp behind the summing amplifier.Sampling time interval 2ms, 40 points of sampling (perhaps 10 a multiple point) can play and suppress the interferential effect of 50Hz power frequency, make the sampling of electrocardio dc offset voltage more accurate.
The adjusting of electrocardio dc offset voltage is mainly finished by the subprogram of electrocardio baseline adjusted.In view of the electrocardio dc offset voltage changes slowly, the judgement of offset voltage and regulating frequency do not need too high, and per second once just is enough to meet the demands.When needing to regulate, one of microprocessor control digital to analog converter output is identical with electrocardio dc offset voltage size, and the voltage that direction is opposite can directly be adjusted to the electrocardio dc offset voltage near zero level by adder circuit, regulates fast.In addition,, therefore should allow the electrocardio dc offset voltage among a small circle, to fluctuate, cause the electrocardio baseline fluctuation to avoid frequent the adjusting because the back level has high pass filter.The foundation whether microprocessor judges regulates be the electrocardio amplitude of adder circuit output be no more than ± the 700mV clamp voltage gets final product.
Control software of the present invention aspect has following characteristics:
1. it is uncomplicated to regulate procedure result, and it is few to take resource
2. can carry out the function that the electrocardio offset voltage is regulated automatically.When needing to regulate, identical with electrocardio dc offset voltage size with one of buffer output by digital to analog converter, the voltage that direction is opposite directly can put the electrocardio baseline adjusted in place, regulates fast.Automatically the fluctuation among a small circle of identification electrocardio dc offset voltage is not regulated, the electrocardio baseline fluctuation of avoiding the frequent adjusting of offset voltage to cause.
Used components and parts tabulation
| Title | Code name | Manufacturer | Model |
| Pre-amplification circuit | U1、1 | ?ADI | ?AD620 |
| Analog to digital conversion circuit | 2 | ?MAXIM | ?MAX1290 |
| Microprocessor | 3 | ?PHILIPS、ATMEL | 51 series |
| D/A converting circuit | 4 | ?T1 | ?TLV5628 |
| Buffer | U2、5 | ?T1 | ?TL064 |
| Add circuit | U2A、6 | ?T1 | ?TL064 |
| Diode clamping circuit | 7 | ?PHILIPS | ?BAV99WT1 |
Claims (10)
1. an ecg wave form measuring method that suppresses pacemaker impulse comprises the steps:
1. pick up electrocardiosignal and select circuit (9) to select output by each electrocardioelectrode through leading;
2. select the electrocardiosignal of circuit (9) output to do the low noise amplification from leading, become electrocardiosignal Uec through amplifying through preamplifier (1);
4. described electrocardiosignal Uec suppresses the pace-making pulse by clamping diode circuit (7) again;
5. the electrocardiosignal Uec ' through diode circuit (7) clamper handles through high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering amplifying circuit (8) again, promptly obtains needed ecg wave form signal;
It is characterized in that, described step 2. after, also in steps:
3. quantize the electrocardiosignal Uec of preamplifier (1) output,, calculate electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec_ in real time, regulate diode circuit (7) electrocardiosignal before adaptively, offset wherein dc offset voltage its input microprocessor unit (3).
2. the ecg wave form measuring method of inhibition pacemaker impulse as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: 3. described step also comprises following each substep:
A will constantly be transformed to the binary digital signal that microprocessor unit can be discerned and handle from the sampling electrocardiosignal Uec of preamplifier (1) by analog to digital conversion circuit (2);
B constantly is input to microprocessor unit (3) from the digital electrocardiosignal of analog to digital conversion circuit (2) output, calculates average electrocardiosignal voltage, i.e. electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec_ through it;
C microprocessor unit (3) is controlled D/A converting circuit (4) output and described result of calculation according to the aforementioned calculation result, and promptly electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec_ amplitude equates but opposite polarity another DC voltage-Uec_;
D is by the analog DC voltage-Uec_ of D/A converting circuit (4) output, analog electrocardiogram signal voltage Uec with preamplifier (1) output, import add circuit (6) side by side, thereby in the electrocardiosignal voltage of add circuit (6) output, offset the electrocardio dc offset voltage.
3. the ecg wave form measuring method of inhibition pacemaker impulse as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described substep step D, first behind output buffer (5) smooth signal by analog DC voltage-Uec_ of D/A converting circuit (4) output, just import add circuit (6) side by side with analog electrocardiogram signal voltage Uec.
4. the ecg wave form measuring method of inhibition pacemaker impulse as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the process of described substep step D, the voltage gain of setting add circuit (6) is 5, to guarantee being no more than clamp voltage from the electrocardiosignal amplitude of add circuit (6) output.
5. the ecg wave form measuring method of inhibition pacemaker impulse as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: execution in step 5. after, also must be with the ecg wave form signal that obtains through analog to digital conversion circuit (2) input microprocessor unit (3) again, so as to judging that whether the dc offset voltage Uec_ in the resulting ecg wave form signal surpasses setting value, consequently will start self adaptation and regulate.
6. the ecg wave form measuring method of inhibition pacemaker impulse as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described dc offset voltage Uec_ surpasses setting value, is meant to surpass clamp voltage ± 700mV; Described starting self adaptation regulate be meant that one of microprocessor unit (3) control D/A converting circuit (4) output equates with electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec_ amplitude but opposite polarity another DC voltage-Uec_ to add circuit (6).
7. as the ecg wave form measuring method of each described inhibition pacemaker impulse of claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that:
1. the program that described microprocessor unit (3) is carried out comprises part of data acquisition, 2. dc offset voltage regulon program; Wherein part of data acquisition is a regularly interruption subroutine.
8. the ecg wave form measuring method of inhibition pacemaker impulse as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: it is 2ms that described part of data acquisition is provided with the time in sampling interval, the multiple of sampling 10 point calculates average electrocardiosignal voltage, i.e. electrocardio dc offset voltage Uec_.
9. ecg wave form measuring circuit that suppresses pacemaker impulse, comprising leads selects circuit (9), preamplifier (1), diode clamping circuit (7) and high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering amplifying circuit (8), select circuit (9) to export to described preamplifier (1) by the electrocardiosignal that electrocardioelectrode is picked up through leading, it is characterized in that:
Also comprise microprocessor unit (3), analog to digital conversion circuit (2), D/A converting circuit (4) and add circuit (6);
Analog-digital conversion circuit as described (2) receives the electrocardio dc offset voltage analogue signal of described preamplifier (1) output, and be electrocardio dc offset voltage digital signal with described electrocardio dc offset voltage analog signal conversion, described microprocessor (3) is according to the electrocardio dc offset voltage digital signal of analog-digital conversion circuit as described (2) output, identical via one of described D/A converting circuit (4) output with this electrocardio dc offset voltage size, the opposite DC voltage analogue signal of direction is to described add circuit (6), this add circuit (6) is accepted the electrocardiosignal and the DC voltage analogue signal of described preamplifier (1) output, export an electrocardiosignal of having eliminated the electrocardio dc offset voltage to described diode clamping circuit (7), this diode clamping circuit (7) will export described filtering and amplifying circuit (8) through the electrocardiosignal that has suppressed pacemaker impulse to, and this high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering amplifying circuit (8) export electrocardiosignal to described analog-digital converter (2).
10. the ecg wave form measuring circuit of inhibition pacemaker impulse as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: also comprise buffer (5), this buffer (5) is electrically connected with described D/A converting circuit (4) and add circuit (6) respectively, and the DC voltage analogue signal of described D/A converting circuit (4) output exports described add circuit (6) to via described buffer (5).
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