CN1594626A - Soft magnetic alloy smelting production method - Google Patents
Soft magnetic alloy smelting production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1594626A CN1594626A CN 200410025444 CN200410025444A CN1594626A CN 1594626 A CN1594626 A CN 1594626A CN 200410025444 CN200410025444 CN 200410025444 CN 200410025444 A CN200410025444 A CN 200410025444A CN 1594626 A CN1594626 A CN 1594626A
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Abstract
A magnetically-soft alloy smelt production method is provided, which characterizes as (1) melting in arc furnace, carbon content of material and auxiliary materials being not restricted, operating using return oxygen blast method, element control : Cr,Ni at lower limit or more, Si<=0.35%,slag free tapping, (2)refining steel liquid using AOD furnace, blasting temperature>=1540 DEG C, blasting in whole course, liming according to Si content, blasting in1100m#+[3]/h, O#-[2]/Ar=4 mixed gas, decarbonizing and heating-up, Cr, Ni reclamation calculating according to 97%, 100%, C=0.10%, adjusting O#-[2]/Ar=1; C=0.01%, blasting argon instead of oxygen, flux 480m#+[3]/h, prereduction 7 min, sampling for analyzing slag, adding reduced slag, blasting Ar for melting slag for 5 min, blasting Ar 4min before tapping, tapping with slag, bag suspending temperature :liquid line+55 DEG C, (3)casting ingot of steel liquid under the protection of Ar. The invention has a simple smelt process, little restriction to auxiliary material, low cost, low carbon content. Magnetically-soft alloy ingot smelt in the invention has precise chemical element, high steel liquid metallurgy quality, fit for the quality standard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the smelting production method of metallurgy industry Precise Alloy, refer in particular to the smelting production method of non-retentive alloy.
Background technology
The non-retentive alloy that belongs to the Precise Alloy category, be widely used low-coercivity of modern communication, computer, household electrical appliances and precision instrumentation and high magnetic permeability Metallic Functional Materials, be usually used in making the magnetics in the engineerings such as the iron core of the rotor of cartridge, pole shoe, magnetic conductor, magnetic shielding, motor of various electro-magnet and stator, transformer and rly. and various communication, sensing, record.Fe-Ni non-retentive alloy, Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy are to use two kinds of non-retentive alloys more widely, and how they use under the ac magnetization state, require to have lower power loss.
As everybody knows: the chemical element of non-retentive alloy finished product, magnetic property to alloy plays an important role, on the one hand, content interstitial solid solution forming element (C, H, O, N) seldom has remarkable infringement (when forming interstitial atom to soft magnetic performance, the microstress that is caused by lattice distortion distributes, and will cause the resistance of domain wall displacement); On the other hand, a spot of Al, Ti element can not solid solutions in alloy and when forming oxide compound, nitride etc. and being mingled with, these non magnetic doping can make domain wall pinning, have improved the coercive force of non-retentive alloy and have reduced magnetic permeability.Therefore, the composition proportion of Fe-Ni non-retentive alloy, Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy must be made every effort to accurately, so the requirement of the smelting technology of non-retentive alloy is very strict, and the especially smelting of tramp element content such as C, H, O, N, Al, Ti control.
At present, the smelting process of non-retentive alloy mainly contains " vacuum induction furnace " and " electric arc furnace+VD " two kinds of modes.Adopt " vacuum induction furnace " smelting technology, advantage be composition proportion accurately, be mingled with that content is low, metallurgical quality good, shortcoming is also high to smelting raw-material requirement, and used raw material is high-quality pure iron, Ni plate, and must could smelt after oxidation is removed in mechanical polishing; So smelting cost high (smelt the step expense and reach 10000 yuan/ton) is so Precise Alloy manufacturing enterprise adopts " electric arc furnace+VD " smelting technology usually now.
Adopt " electric arc furnace+VD " smelting technology, advantage is that smelting cost is lower; Shortcoming is that the requirement of (1) electric arc furnace body of heater is relatively strict, must adopt the low-carbon (LC) body of heater, and (because the requirement of non-retentive alloy composition, the general requirement furnace lining is carbon containing not can not to use the electric arc furnace of pitch furnace lining; Compare pitch furnace lining body of heater, low-carbon (LC) body of heater cost is higher); (2) decarburization task is finished at electric arc furnace, and the decarburization capacity of electric arc furnace is limited, and owing to the reason that contains C in the refractory materials (even adopting the low-carbon (LC) body of heater), the C content (magnetic behavior is played a major role) in the steel is minimum can only to reach 0.02%; In addition, tramp element content such as Al, Ti are also than higher (Al 〉=0.03%, Ti 〉=0.01%), and this performance to non-retentive alloy has bigger influence; (3) owing to electric arc furnace itself, the stirring capacity of molten steel is relatively poor during melting, and the effect that remove gas in the molten steel, is mingled with is relatively poor, causes the fluctuation of steel ingot hot-workability and finished product magnetic property bigger; (4) the VD type of furnace is generally less, so smelting cost still higher (smelt about 3000 yuan of step expense/t), recovery rate of iron is also lower, in addition because the smelting capacity is less than normal, the composition fluctuation is relatively large between stove and the stove, cause the performance inconsistency of non-retentive alloy bigger, and the production cycle is longer relatively.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops a kind of smelting production method of non-retentive alloy, replace traditional " electric arc furnace+VD " with " electric arc furnace fusing molten steel+AOD stove is smelted ", produce the steel ingot of the non-retentive alloy (Fe-Ni non-retentive alloy, Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy) of conformance with standard requirement, on the one hand, the AOD stove is smelted and is made composition carbon can control lowlyer, on the other hand, the violent stirring effect of argon gas in the AOD stove, the expansion of furnace capacity simultaneously, reduced the composition fluctuation between traditional technology stove and the stove, alleviate the segregation degree of chemical element, stablized the performance of non-retentive alloy; (on the one hand, the expansion of smelting capacity has reduced the smelting procedure cost in also reduction greatly of smelting cost simultaneously; On the other hand, the decarburization capacity that utilizes the AOD stove to smelt, can adopt the lower higher low-carbon (LC) body of heater of pitch furnace lining body of heater displacement cost of cost to melt refining just, and the alloy raw material of electric arc furnace smelting can also adopt lower-cost high carbon alloy), satisfy customer requirements and market demand.
The smelting production method of a kind of non-retentive alloy provided by the invention is characterized in that: at first melt refining just in ordinary arc furnace; Carry out the refining of non-retentive alloy molten steel then at the AOD stove, smelt the qualified non-retentive alloy of composition; Finally be molded into steel ingot.
The first step in ordinary arc furnace, melts refining just to starting material such as returns, alloy, auxiliary materials.
When 1) smelting required starting material such as returns, alloy and auxiliary material batching, the starting material carbon content is unrestricted, uses high carbon alloy (because of AOD has good decarburization effect, and low C Chrome metal powder cost is much higher than high C Chrome metal powder) as far as possible, reduces smelting cost;
2) the Returning blowing keto technique operation is pressed in fusing refining just;
3) Composition Control: Ni, lower limit; Si≤0.35%; The Cr of Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy, lower limit;
4) draw slag whole before the tapping, guarantee slag free tapping;
5) tapping temperature T 〉=1630 ℃ guarantee that AOD opens blowing temp 〉=1540 ℃.
Second step, carry out the refining of non-retentive alloy molten steel at the AOD stove, on the one hand, create the condition of carbon preferential oxidation in the alloy molten steel, electric furnace is freed from the heavy burden of molten steel decarburization; On the other hand, reduce obnoxious flavoures such as H, N in the molten steel greatly.For the Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy, (under AOD stove smelting temperature, when T≤1650 ℃, secondly Cr element preferential oxidation is the C element in the decarburization that is rapidly heated; When T＞1650 ℃, secondly C element preferential oxidation is the Cr element; ), and adopt the intensive BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING to stir and the pressure deoxidation, and quicken the reduction of chromic oxide in the Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy slag, electric furnace is freed from the heavy burden of high chromium steel liquid decarburization; For Fe-Ni non-retentive alloy (under AOD stove smelting temperature, C element preferential oxidation), utilize the strong oxygen delivery capacity of AOD stove to make in the molten steel the rapid oxidation of carbon and facilitate molten steel heating, reach molten steel molten bath strong mixing effect, improve and take off the C effect.
1) AOD opens blowing temp 〉=1540 ℃, omnidistance Argon;
2) convert steel and finish and to draw slag whole, thermometric, sampling analysis one; And according to Si content adding lime in the molten steel, lime adding amount=(7.0～8.4) * G * [Si], G are steel-making molten steel in the stove weight, and [Si] is Si content in the molten steel; Be blown into argon, oxygen gas mixture in stove, mixed gas flow is 800～1200m
3/ h, proportionlity is O
2: Ar=(3～4): 1, adopt that strong oxygen supply means are rapidly heated at the AOD stove, carbonization treatment; Adjust composition according to analysis one result and to internal control, limit (Cr reclaims by 97% calculating, and the Ni recovery is pressed 100% and calculated);
3) thermometric, sampling analysis two when C is about 0.10% (calculating according to oxygen blast carbon drop formula), and switch argon, oxygen gas mixture flow proportional, mixed gas flow is 800～1200m
3/ h, proportionlity is O
2: Ar=(1～2): 1, adjust composition according to analysis two results and to internal control, limit;
4) when C about 0.01% the time, stop oxygen blast, whole Argons, argon flow amount is 450～500m
3/ h; In stove, add the prereduction slag charge, the slag charge proportioning: the lime of (7.0～8.4) * G * [Si], 7～10Kg Si-Fe/ ton steel are (for the Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy, according to original molten steel component and oxygen blast total, utilize Si oxidisability under the high temperature to be better than the characteristics of Cr, already oxidised chromium is restored, make total chromium recovery ratio reach 96～97%, reduce cost greatly), 0.8～1.5Kg Al/ ton steel (, rise and strengthen desoxydatoin) with Si-Fe combination;
5) 5～10 minutes prereduction time, sampling total analysis three, four also draws slag whole, adds the reduction slag charge, slag charge proportioning: 15～25Kg lime/ton steel, 2～3Kg fluorite/ton steel (being used to improve the flowability of molten steel); Blow Arization slag 〉=3 minute, good for guaranteeing reduction, it is an amount of to add Si-Ca;
6) ar blowing refining before the tapping 〉=tapping after 3 minutes;
7) the bull ladle temperature is: liquidus temperature+50～60 ℃.
The 3rd step, adopt argon for protecting pouring (preventing the secondary oxidation of molten steel), with normal pouring speed, control covering slag and molten steel evenly rise, and high-temperature molten steel is cast into steel ingot.
The furnace lining material of electric arc furnace preferably adopts pitch furnace lining (the pitch furnace lining has the advantage that cost of manufacture is low, moisture content is few, and the good decarburization effect that has of AOD can remedy the higher defective of carbon content in its furnace lining in addition), reduces smelting cost.
Compare with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1. the smelting capacity enlarges, and the production cycle shortens, and stability increases.
2. the carbon may command gets lowlyer, improves performance.
3.AOD good dynamic conditions is arranged, and the molten steel whipping force is strong, can impel inclusion floating, gas content is suitable with " electric arc furnace+VD " method in the steel, and the molten steel metallurgical quality is improved greatly.
4. smelt and contain the chromium non-retentive alloy and can use cheap high carbon alloy, reduce production costs greatly.
5. electric furnace need not adopt the low-carbon (LC) furnace lining, reduces cost.
Specific embodiments
Certain Iron And Steel Company's steelshop is implemented patent of the present invention, the non-retentive alloy of producing 1J117 (Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy), the 1J50 trades mark such as (Fe-Ni non-retentive alloys) amounts to 6 stoves, its technical process be electric arc furnace fusing refining just-→ the AOD stove carry out the refining of non-retentive alloy molten steel-→ the cast steel ingot: the first step, 20 tons of ac arc furnaces (pitch furnace lining) melt refining just: first furnace adopts the Returning blowing keto technique operation, melts clearly and fluxes greater than 80% back oxygen blast; Molten steel temperature adds reductive agent prereduction during greater than 1660 ℃, and the total analysis of taking a sample after the prereduction draws slag whole; Adjust composition, Cr lower limit, Ni lower limit, Si≤0.35% according to analytical results; Temperature is greater than 1630 ℃ of tappings.In second step, carry out the refining of non-retentive alloy molten steel at 18 tons of AOD stoves: (1) AOD opens blowing temp 〉=1540 ℃, omnidistance Argon; (2) convert steel and finish and to draw slag whole, thermometric T=1568 ℃, sampling analysis one; Add lime (7～8.4) * G * [Si]=500Kg; In stove, be blown into argon, (proportionlity is O to oxygen gas mixture
2: Ar=4: 1, mixed gas flow is 1100m
3/ h), be rapidly heated, carbonization treatment at the AOD stove; Adjust composition according to analysis one result and to internal control, limit (Cr reclaims by 97% calculating, and the Ni recovery is pressed 100% and calculated); (3) when C is about 0.10%, thermometric T=1736 ℃, sampling analysis two, and switch argon, oxygen gas mixture flow (O
2: Ar=1: 1, gas flow is 900m
3/ h); Adjusting composition according to analysis two results limits to internal control; (4) continue the oxygen blast carbon drop,, stop oxygen blast when C is about 0.01% the time, whole Argons, argon flow amount is 480m
3/ h; In stove, add prereduction slag charge, slag charge proportioning: (7～8.4) * G * [Si]=500Kg lime, Si-Fe180Kg, Al 20Kg; (5) after 7 minutes prereduction time, sampling total analysis three, four draws slag whole, adds the reduction slag charge, and Argon slag 4 minutes is good for guaranteeing reduction, adds Si-Ca60Kg; Slag charge proportioning: 300Kg lime, 50Kg fluorite; Adjust composition according to analysis three, four results and advance internally controlling requirement; (6) thermometric, 1J117 (Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy) T=1610 ℃ tapping, 1J50 (Fe-Ni non-retentive alloy) T=1550 ℃ tapping.The 3rd step, adopt argon for protecting pouring technology, high-temperature molten steel is cast into steel ingot, calm 4 minutes time, 5 minutes durations of pouring.It is simple that patent of the present invention has smelting operation technology, the restriction of starting material alloying ingredient is few, it is good that metallurgical power is learned condition, production cost is low, equipment and technology highly versatile, carbon is controlled lowlyer, the characteristics that the smelting capacity enlarges, implement the 1J117 that patent of the present invention is produced, the 1J50 non-retentive alloy, its chemical ingredients satisfies internally controlling requirement (chemical Composition Control is accurate) fully, molten steel metallurgical quality height (C, H, O, N, Al, constituent contents such as Ti are low), (forging press forges steel ingot through hot-work, rolling mill cogging or rolling) finished product of making, performance meet user's quality standard requirement.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of smelting production method of non-retentive alloy is characterized in that: at first melt refining just in ordinary arc furnace; Carry out the refining of non-retentive alloy molten steel then at the AOD stove, smelt the qualified non-retentive alloy of composition; Finally be molded into steel ingot:
The first step, in ordinary arc furnace, melt refining just to starting material such as returns, alloy, auxiliary materials:
When 1) smelting required starting material such as returns, alloy and auxiliary material batching, the starting material carbon content is unrestricted, uses high carbon alloy as far as possible;
2) the Returning blowing keto technique operation is pressed in fusing refining just;
3) Composition Control: Ni, lower limit; Si≤0.35%; The Cr of Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy, lower limit;
4) draw slag whole before the tapping, guarantee slag free tapping;
5) tapping temperature T 〉=1630 ℃;
Second step, carry out the refining of non-retentive alloy molten steel at the AOD stove, on the one hand, create the condition of carbon preferential oxidation in the alloy molten steel, electric furnace is freed from the heavy burden of molten steel decarburization; On the other hand, reduce obnoxious flavoures such as H, N in the molten steel greatly.For the Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy, the decarburization that is rapidly heated, and adopt the intensive BOTTOM ARGON BLOWING to stir and the pressure deoxidation, and quicken the reduction of chromic oxide in the Fe-Cr non-retentive alloy slag, electric furnace is freed from the heavy burden of high chromium steel liquid decarburization; For the Fe-Ni non-retentive alloy, utilize the strong oxygen delivery capacity of AOD stove to make in the molten steel the rapid oxidation of carbon and facilitate molten steel heating, reach molten steel molten bath strong mixing effect, improve and take off the C effect:
1) AOD opens blowing temp 〉=1540 ℃, omnidistance Argon;
2) convert the complete slag part, thermometric, sampling analysis one of drawing of steel; And according to Si content adding lime in the molten steel, lime adding amount=(7.0～8.4) * G * [Si], G are steel-making molten steel in the stove weight, and [Si] is Si content in the molten steel; Be blown into argon, oxygen gas mixture in stove, mixed gas flow is 800～1200m
3/ h, proportionlity is O
2: Ar=(3～4): 1, adopt that strong oxygen supply means are rapidly heated at the AOD stove, carbonization treatment; Adjust composition according to analysis one result and limit to internal control, Cr reclaims by 97% calculating, and the Ni recovery is pressed 100% and calculated;
3) when C is about 0.10%, thermometric, sampling analysis two, and switch argon, oxygen gas mixture flow proportional, mixed gas flow 800～1200m
3/ h, proportionlity is O
2: Ar=(1～2): 1, adjust composition according to analysis two results and to internal control, limit;
4) when C about 0.01% the time, stop oxygen blast, whole Argons, argon flow amount is 450～500m
3/ h; In stove, add prereduction slag charge, slag charge proportioning: the lime of (7.0～8.4) * G * [Si], 7～10KgSi-Fe/ ton steel, 0.8～1.5Kg Al/ ton steel;
5) 5～10 minutes prereduction time, sampling total analysis three, four, and draw slag whole, add the reduction slag charge, slag charge proportioning: 15～25Kg lime/ton steel, 2～3Kg fluorite/ton steel; Blow Arization slag 〉=3 minute, good for guaranteeing reduction, it is an amount of to add Si-Ca;
6) ar blowing refining before the tapping 〉=tapping after 3 minutes;
7) the bull ladle temperature is: liquidus temperature+50～60 ℃;
The 3rd step, adopt argon for protecting pouring, with normal pouring speed, control covering slag and molten steel evenly rise, and high-temperature molten steel is cast into steel ingot.
2, the smelting production method of a kind of non-retentive alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the furnace lining material of electric arc furnace preferably adopts the pitch furnace lining.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101831527A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-15 | 衡阳市金则利特种合金有限公司 | Production process for continuous casting anti-corrosion magnetically soft alloy bars with light sections |
| CN102013313A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-13 | 惠州市科力磁元有限公司 | Manufacturing method of iron-silicon-aluminum magnetic powder core with high magnetic conductivity |
| CN104200986A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽蓝海机电设备有限公司 | Transformer core and production method thereof |
| CN108642365A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-10-12 | 兰州兰石集团有限公司 | Accurately control the high-purity two phase stainless steel smelting process of N content |
| CN115404394A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-29 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method of Fe-Cr soft magnetic alloy material 12FM |
-
2004
- 2004-06-24 CN CN 200410025444 patent/CN1594626A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101831527A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-15 | 衡阳市金则利特种合金有限公司 | Production process for continuous casting anti-corrosion magnetically soft alloy bars with light sections |
| CN102013313A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-04-13 | 惠州市科力磁元有限公司 | Manufacturing method of iron-silicon-aluminum magnetic powder core with high magnetic conductivity |
| CN104200986A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2014-12-10 | 安徽蓝海机电设备有限公司 | Transformer core and production method thereof |
| CN108642365A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-10-12 | 兰州兰石集团有限公司 | Accurately control the high-purity two phase stainless steel smelting process of N content |
| CN115404394A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-29 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method of Fe-Cr soft magnetic alloy material 12FM |
| CN115404394B (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2023-08-18 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Smelting method of Fe-Cr soft magnetic alloy material 12FM |
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