CN1593050A - 用于可重新配置多媒体系统的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于可重新配置多媒体系统的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1593050A
CN1593050A CNA028235134A CN02823513A CN1593050A CN 1593050 A CN1593050 A CN 1593050A CN A028235134 A CNA028235134 A CN A028235134A CN 02823513 A CN02823513 A CN 02823513A CN 1593050 A CN1593050 A CN 1593050A
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K·维亚纳塔恩
S·克里斯纳马查里
M·范德斯查尔
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/403—Circuits using the same oscillator for generating both the transmitter frequency and the receiver local oscillator frequency
    • H04B1/406—Circuits using the same oscillator for generating both the transmitter frequency and the receiver local oscillator frequency with more than one transmission mode, e.g. analog and digital modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/323—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the physical layer [OSI layer 1]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]

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Abstract

一种可重新配置的多媒体系统、方法和设备，可以监视和重新配置通信栈的多个通信层，以动态重新配置软件定义无线电(SDR)的调制和编码方式。该系统包括一个含有可重新配置的对象说明、设计和性能参数的软件对象无线电(SWR)库，此SWR至少适应于一种通过无线通信传送或接收的多媒体内容；一个和SWR库通信的控制器；一个和所述控制器通信的功率管理设备模块；一个和所述控制器通信、给SWR提供调制所需的动态编码信息的可重新配置编码器/解码器；一个和所述可重新配置编码器/解码器以及所述控制器通信的TCP/IP接口；以及一个包含链路层和可重新配置物理层的应用层，各层之间互相通信并能和所述控制器通信，物理层适应于信道通信，应用层至少包括一个用于多媒体传送的驱动程序。控制器监视物理层和链路层信息，可重新配置编码器/解码器根据跨层优化方法，动态重新配置多媒体内容的调制和编码方式。

Description

用于可重新配置多媒体系统的方法和装置
本申请要求在2001年9月26提交的美国临时申请60/324,905的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及软件无线电技术。更具体地，本发明涉及一种基于高层应用、负载、信道状况和/或接收机特性来重新配置软件无线电。
背景技术
软件定义无线电(SDR)技术是用于实现接口重新配置能力的一种技术术语的表示。SDR通过物理层的参数化控制实现有限的编程能力，并局限在对尺寸、重量、功率和成本要求不很严格的基站中应用。术语“软件定义无线电”用来描述能提供如下软件控制功能的无线电技术：各种调制技术、宽带或窄带操作、安全通讯功能(如跳频)以及在宽频范围上当前和以后的标准中的波形要求。
未来几年无线网络技术有望持续发展，而更新的多媒体业务也会在未许可的频带上持续增长，这些改变使得对多种空中接口标准的支持成为必要。对多种空中接口标准的支持要求用户终端具有当新的标准出现时随着时间的变化，或当在漫游过程中移动终端进入其他的接入网络时随着空间的变化而重新配置物理层的能力。
此外，基于传送的多媒体内容类型，和改变这些内容的设备的类型和容量也需要可重新配置能力。实际上，需要这种看上去超出了数字信号处理器和微处理器处理功能的可编程体系结构。然而截至到目前，在承载多媒体业务的无线网络上还看不到软件无线电体系结构。
发明内容
根据本发明的一方面，同一个调制解调器设备将被重新配置以实现理想的空中接口。设备的可编程能力并不限于参数下载。实际上，整个详细的硬件功能说明都可以下载，从而使它成为一种完全可编程的解决方案。在重新配置调制解调设备时，一种智能控制器加入以下信息，包括正被传送的业务(数据)特性，发送器/接收器设备的功率限制，以及信道特性等。这样，设备可编程能力并不知道其正在发送的业务。
附图说明
图1表示本发明体系结构配置的第一方面。
图2A和2B提供根据本发明的方法的一方面的简要总括流程图。
发明详细描述
如图1所示，根据本发明的一个方面，提出一种基于多媒体系统的软件定义无线电的系统结构。
尽管在下面结合图1，描述了一种可重新配置编码器/解码器的示例，本领域普通技术人员还是应该明白所讨论的这些方面只是为了描述的目的，而不是限制的目的，很多其它类型的系统也落在本发明的精神和附加权利要求的范围内。比如，能够使用如MPEG或基于小波编码的标准视频技术。这些算法的一种重要特性就是它们既有可重新配置属性(允许复杂性和可扩展性)，也具有对包丢失的鲁棒性。因此，在编码效率，复杂性和可靠性之间采用折衷方案，来实现可重新配置的编码器/解码器。
为增强本发明的市场生命力，最好消费终端的SDR，具有成本适应性的折衷方案。
图1的实心箭头表示在通信堆栈各层上的数据流向。如图所示，可重新配置物理层100与信道110和智能控制器115通信。数据链路层120和物理层100形成了应用层125。应用层包括应用驱动程序。这些驱动程序的两个例子是：(1)鲁棒性多媒体传送；(2)比特率和复杂性可变的多媒体传送。该堆栈可以包括设备功率管理模块135，可重新配置解码器/编码器140和TCP/IP接口145。
对于鲁棒性多媒体传送，必须考虑各种影响整个无线网络服务质量(QoS)的因素。这些因素分散在如图1所示的不同协议堆栈层，从物理层100开始，有由于多径衰落和用户移动产生的信道特性变化，包括链接层120在内，有将被传输的数据流特性的变化。根据本发明一个方面，必须寻求一种跨层的优化方案。调制必须动态重新配置而且物理层的编码技术也要基于信道特性和设备功率限制而重新配置。这个过程将通过基于软件无线电(SWR)理论开发的技术而实现。
对于比特率和复杂性可变的多媒体信息传送，应该有对视频内容的统一编码，使得能在具有各种特性和限制的网络上传输，比如MPEG-4 FGS和三维小波技术。4G无线接入前景的一项重要实例可以是统一多媒体接入(UMA)，它指多媒体数据如何能够被大量用户/客户在任何时间和从任何地点观看任何他们需要的视频流。在UMA的框架中，多媒体信息从网络接入依赖下面三个参数：用户喜好，信道特性和设备容量。因此，采用的是可重新配置的可扩展编码技术。这些可扩展编码技术支持接收方驱动的可扩展视频技术，它允许根据不同的客户端(设备)容量和实际网络状况传送相应的信息流。
此外，可以采用4G无线网络上可扩展视频的相应跨层保护策略，因为网络层需要与应用程序协调来支持带宽自适应，而不是依靠底层的QoS来隔离应用程序。
根据本发明，系统结构如下所述，无线层以内容获知的方式重新配置，它意味着重新配置的定时和规范必须在各堆栈层中得到执行。智能控制器115跨越多个协议层。从图1的虚线箭头还可以看出，一些信号需要在堆栈和控制器之间进行交换。另外，重新配置是基于应用层和物理层的信息联合产生的。
SWR库模块130至少要有传输或者接收能力(Tx/Rx)之一。SWR库模块包括可重新配置对象说明、设计和性能参数。SWR根据影响无线网络服务质量(QoS)的协议栈的一系列因素而重新配置。智能控制器115通过与设备功率管理模块135通信增加有关话务量(正在传送的数据)的属性信息，发射机/接收机设备功率限制确定。比如，本地设备功率管理请求可由控制器115从设备电源管理模块135接收。
智能控制器根据堆栈的各个层收集的数据来做出适当的重新配置软件无线电(SWR)的决定。这个过程称为交叉优化方案，在此之前没有人提出。考虑到监视不同协议层的算法可采用标准视频技术，如MPEG，基于小波的编码，MPEG2-4等。对算法的要求是既有可重新配置特性(允许可扩展性)，也有对包丢失的鲁棒性。
图2A和2B描述了根据本发明方法的一个方面的概括。
在图2A的步骤(a)，提供了包括可重新配置对象的说明，设计和性能参数的SWR库模块。
在步骤(b)，提供与SWR库模块通信的控制器。
在步骤(c)，电源管理设备模块与控制器通信。
在步骤(d)，可重新配置解码器/编码器提供给SWR用于调制的动态编码信息。
在步骤(e)，提供与解码器和控制器通信的TCP/IP接口。
在步骤(f)，提供包括链路层和重新配置的物理层的应用层，物理层适于信道通信，而应用层至少包括一个用于多媒体传送的驱动程序。
在步骤(g)，控制器监视信道状况，功率限制和预先确定的各协议层的服务质量(QoS)标准，比如物理层，应用层和设备功率管理层。
在步骤(h)，动态重新配置调制器和/或编码器/解码器，重新配置是根据控制器监视的各层的变化情况而进行的。重新配置可根据已知的可重新配置的算法或对设备特别写入。因此，这是一个针对多媒体传送的动态系统，它利用跨层优化方案来增强多媒体传送。
结合智能控制器，编码器/解码器模块140根据从物理层得到的信道状况信息、设备功率限制和将被传送的数据流特性来重新配置调制和编码方式。尽管本发明的最佳模式是根据以上所有准则执行重新配置，也可能根据一个或多个以上准则或其它附加准则进行重新配置。也应该知道，除根据本发明用于传送多媒体内容的系统外，包含可重新配置编码器/解码器的调制解调器，以及根据对SWR通信栈的各栈层的监视、用来监视和动态重新配置该可重新配置的编码器/解码器的控制器也属于请求保护的发明的一部分。

Claims (17)

1.一种可重新配置的多媒体系统，包括：
一个包含可重新配置的对象说明、设计和性能参数的软件对象无线电(SWR)库，所述的SWR至少适于通过无线通信来传送或接收多媒体内容；
一个与所述的SWR库通信的控制器；
一个与所述控制器通信的电源管理设备模块；
一个与所述控制器通信的可重新配置编码器/解码器，用于给SWR提供调制所需的动态编码信息；
一个与所述可重新配置编码器/解码器以及所述控制器通信的TCP/IP接口；
一种包含链路层和可重新配置物理层的应用层，各层之间互相通信并能和上述控制器通信，物理层适于信道通信，所述应用层包括至少一个用于多媒体传送的驱动程序；
其中，控制器监视物理层和链路层信息，可重新配置编码器/解码器根据跨层优化方法和控制器通过以下方式共同作用，来动态重新配置多媒体内容的调制和编码方式：(a)物理层根据信道状况和设备功率限制；(b)链路层根据多用户网络中网络接入时延的变化；(c)应用层根据传送数据流的特性变化。
2.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中可重新配置的编码器/解码器在跨层优化时使用基于小波的编码。
3.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中可重新配置的编码器/解码器在跨层优化时使用MPEG编码。
4.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中可重新配置的编码器/解码器使用3维小波编码。
5.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中功率管理设备模块根据提供给它的预定的服务质量(QoS)准则进行操作。
6.如权利要求1所述的系统，其中控制器和可重新配置的编码器/解码器还包括可重新配置的调制解调器设备，它适于实现与软件定义无线电(SDR)的理想空中接口。
7.一种用于提供重新配置多媒体系统的方法，它包含如下步骤：
(a)提供一个包含可重新配置的对象说明、设计和性能参数的软件对象无线电(SWR)库，所述的SWR至少适于通过无线通信来传送或接收多媒体内容；
(b)提供一个与所述的SWR库通信的控制器；
(c)提供一个与所述控制器通信的电源管理设备模块；
(d)提供一个与所述控制器通信的可重新配置编码器/解码器，用于给SWR提供调制所需的动态编码信息；
(e)提供一个与所述可重新配置编码器/解码器以及所述控制器通信的TCP/IP接口；
(f)提供一个包含链路层和可重新配置物理层的应用层，各层之间互相通信并能和上述控制器通信，物理层适于信道通信，所述应用层包括至少一个用于多媒体传送的驱动程序；
(g)通过控制器监视信道状况、设备功率限制和预定的服务质量(QoS)准则；
(h)根据跨层优化算法，由可重新配置编码器/解码器和控制器共同作用，来重新配置多媒体内容的调制和编码：(1)从物理层根据信道状况和设备功率限制；(2)在链路层根据多用户网络中网络接入时延的变化；以及(3)在应用层根据要传送的数据流的特性变化。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中可重新配置的编码器/解码器在跨层优化时使用基于小波的编码。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中可重新配置的编码器/解码器在跨层优化时使用MPEG算法。
10.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中可重新配置的编码器/解码器使用3维小波算法。
11.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中功率管理设备模块根据提供给它的预定的服务质量(QoS)准则进行操作。
12.一种通过软件无线电(SWR)用于多媒体范围传送的可重新配置调制解调器，包括：
一个可重新配置的编码器/解码器，它适于实现与软件定义无线电(SDR)的期望的空中接口，该SDR应包含一个多层的通信栈；
一个监视该通信栈多个层的跨层优化的控制器，它可以根据对于通信栈状况改变的预定准则，由该编码器/解码器动态重新配置多媒体内容的调制和编码。
13.如权利要求12所述的调制解调器，其中可重新配置的编码器/解码器在通信栈优化时采用基于小波的解码。
14.如权利要求13所述的调制解调器，其中基于小波的解码包含了3维小波。
15.如权利要求12所述的调制解调器，其中可重新配置的编码器/解码器在通信栈跨层优化时采用MPEG。
16.如权利要求15所述的调制解调器，其中通信栈的跨层优化包括就以下至少一点来动态优化多个层：(a)相关联的信道和设备的信道状况和设备功率限制；(b)相关联的多用户网络中的网络接入时延变化；(c)将被传输的数据流的特性变化。
17.如权利要求15所述的调制解调器，其中通信栈的跨层优化根据预定的服务质量(QoS)准则实现。
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