CN1580192A - Methd for on-line monitoring coke burning-off process - Google Patents
Methd for on-line monitoring coke burning-off process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1580192A CN1580192A CN 03149863 CN03149863A CN1580192A CN 1580192 A CN1580192 A CN 1580192A CN 03149863 CN03149863 CN 03149863 CN 03149863 A CN03149863 A CN 03149863A CN 1580192 A CN1580192 A CN 1580192A
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method of stakeouting and controlling the process of burning in lines. The approach follows this, first, open a exit which bore is about 10mm-15mm as the asmittance exit at the exit of cracker or emergency cooling boiler, second, burned end gas should be leaded into chiller, gas flowmeter and inspecting equipment which is online. The inspecting online equipment contains gas cleaning equipment, infra red analyzer and data processor. The method is easy and convenient for handling, so it can satisfy the need of different dimethylene manufactory. Not only the coking status inside of cracker or emergency cooling boiler can be known, but also use level of burning gas can be reduced, by infra red analyzer and data processor. Thus, the manufactory can reduce the cost and the operation of burning can reach optimization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of on-line monitoring and control.
Background technology
Produce at hydrocarbon pyrolysis in the process of alkene such as ethene, propylene, can form coke at technology positions such as cracking furnace pipe and quenching boilers thereof inevitably, coke is deposited on cracking furnace pipe inwall and the quenching boiler heat transfer tube inwall, not only hindered the heat passage of logistics in cracking furnace pipe and the quenching boiler, make boiler tube pressure fall increase, and the meeting blocking pipe, influence the normal running of pyrolyzer, so factory must regularly carry out carbon removal treatment to support equipments such as pyrolyzer and quenching boilers.Be called " burning " with the combustion system de-carbon, burning process is controlled fine or notly, directly has influence on the service efficiency of pyrolyzer and the whole economic efficiency of factory.
At present, domestic ethylene plant mostly uses the commercially available coke cleaning software package of external well-known manufacturer, as " BASF method " etc., carries out the coke cleaning of ethylene cracking tube and quenching boiler.This technology of burning can online (being that equipment need not disintegrate) be finished coke-removing procedure.Under the control of burning program, to adjust automatically stage by stage and burn condition, it is clean that coke is removed.Commercial software has certain use elasticity, but because the diversity in China cracking stock market and the unstable of supply, the coking situation of cracking furnace pipe and quenching boiler is variation, make and adopt burning when operation is burnt in software control of the same trade mark to be not suitable for a bit, spin out, expend the energy and material as the unnecessary time, make the hot burden of boiler tube and reduction of service life; And the coke that more abominable cracking furnace pipe of coking situation and quenching boiler are tied can not get thorough removing because of the condition of burning is insufficient, thereby the production cycle of involving a new round is in service.
At present, CO in the tail gas, CO are burnt by discontinuity detection and analysis in manufacturer
2Concentration is judged to burn and is carried out degree, as CO, CO
2When concentration is lower than the index of making by oneself, finish to burn operation.Existing conventional is burnt check and analysis, is the far-end in flow process, cooled collecting tubule exit, gathers to burn tail gas, with CO, the CO in the gas chromatograph analysis tail gas
2Content.Conventional chromatographic instrument is to analysis time at least 20~30 of individual sample minute/sample, and message feedback needed more than 1 hour, can't in time, accurately grasp burning dynamically in the pyrolyzer.Therefore, thereby seek a kind of method that can detect burning process and realize the online burning process of monitoring in real time on linearize ground, grasp in time, exactly and burn dynamically, and rationally regulate and control significant to main control end to the process of burning by online feedback monitoring information.
" the 8th ethylene production merchant annual meeting " (1996, P
467~P
473) in reported a kind of transmit method of monitoring pyrolysis furnace charring process of acoustics of utilizing, not only used instrument complexity is difficult for installing at the scene and operating, and can't directly obtain the coking situation in the cracking furnace pipe, is difficult at present promote the use of.
" research discloses " (433 phases of May in 2000, P
803~P
804) in introduced a kind of method of utilizing beam split to take into account gas chromatograph monitoring pyrolysis furnace charring process, used instrument is many, not portable, uses difficulty in linearize, so is difficult to promote the use of fast.
Operate pyrolysis furnace charring the ethylene plant both at home and abroad at present, and Shang Weijian has success to carry out the report of on-line monitoring.If can not effectively regulate and control to coke-removing procedure, realize thorough coke cleaning, then the efficient of ethylene plant's pyrolyzer just can not get best performance, thereby influences the comprehensive benefit of whole ethylene plant.
Therefore, need provide the method for a kind of practicable on-line monitoring, regulation and control burning process, burning process be carried out auto-control, avoid burning the blindness of operation, realize burning the optimization of operation by monitoring data.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of very effective method that burning process is carried out the on-line monitoring regulation and control,, specifically, each group pipe of pyrolyzer and each quenching boiler system are burnt the method for monitoring regulation and control especially to pyrolysis furnace charring.
The exit that the method for on-line monitoring regulation and control burning process of the present invention is included in pyrolyzer and/or quenching boiler outlet pipe has the logistics leadout hole that an internal diameter is 10~15mm, insert delivery line from this hole, burn tail gas and introduce water cooler, gas meter and on-line monitoring equipment by delivery line, wherein said on-line monitoring equipment comprises gas purifying equipment, infrared spectrum analyser and data handler.
Preferably the tail gas that burns of deriving from quenching boiler enters water cooler through delivery line, divides two-way then, and one the tunnel enters gas meter, and another road enters infrared spectrum analyser by gas purifying equipment; By the infrared spectrum analyser expellant gas through the gas meter emptying.
Wherein said leadout hole is positioned at 450~600 ℃ of quenching boiler outlet pipes when locating, and can monitor, regulate and control cracking furnace pipe and the two-part burning process of quenching boiler; When being positioned at 700~800 ℃ of pyrolyzer outlet pipes and locating, the burning process of only monitoring, regulation and control cracking furnace pipe.
Described leadout hole is opened in the outlet of every group of boiler tube or the outlet of every group of quenching boiler, uses method of the present invention, can obtain not burning dynamically of boiler tube and different quenching boilers on the same group simultaneously.
Because cracking furnace pipe and quenching boiler outlet pipe temperature are higher, there is certain difficulty technically in Direct Sampling from here.Therefore, should note making the internal diameter that links to each other with leadout hole is that the air collecting pipe of 10~15mm intersects with boiler tube and quenching boiler outlet pipe Trunk Line material direction level, should avoid the trend vertically upward of air collecting pipe.In addition, the place of drawing of air collecting pipe is furnished with the vapour line of blowback in boiler tube, in order to the cleaning of the long-term unobstructed and gas production mouth of pipe of protecting this air collecting pipe.Air collecting pipe links to each other with water cooler by flow control valve, and the interface of air collecting pipe and water cooler is connected with flange, should be straight length between air collecting pipe and the flange.Be used to monitor not burning of boiler tube and/or different quenching boilers on the same group when dynamic, the water cooler that links to each other with the air collecting pipe of every group of boiler tube can be selected shell and tube steam-watercooler for use, and the water cooler that links to each other with the air collecting pipe of every group of quenching boiler can be selected the coil tube type watercooler for use.
The described tail gas that burns of being derived by delivery line is introduced water cooler through flow control valve, is cooled to and divides two-way after temperature is lower than 35 ℃, and one the tunnel enters gas meter, and gas flow rate is 10~50L/min, is preferably 10~30L/min; Another road enters infrared spectrum analyser by gas purifying equipment, and gas flow rate is 1.0~2.0L/min, is preferably 1.5~2.0L/min.
Described gas meter, infrared spectrum analyser and data handler all have the standardized digital signal output interface that is connected with electronic system.
Wherein said gas meter is used for measuring extraction and surveys the volumetric flow rate of burning tail gas.Used under meter can be dry type, the wet type of multiple model and the gas meter that has the standard signal output interface, is preferably wet flow indicator.
Wherein said infrared spectrum analyser is with commercially available universal single-component gas detector, has CO through being transformed into, a CO
2The infrared spectrum analyser of designated lane, two sensing chamber.
Wherein said data handler can use a computer or registering instrument, also can use a computer simultaneously and registering instrument.The used computer of the present invention can be conventional desktop computer, also can be notebook computer; Used registering instrument can be a multichannel recorder, and recording density can be arranged to 1 time/second, is used for writing down gas flow, temperature, pressure, CO and CO in the burning process
2Concentration, and obtain Jiao amount of burn off by the program software for calculation, can directly export each parameter such as CO, the CO of coke burn off process
2Successive recording curves such as concentration.
Described data handler links to each other with gas meter with infrared spectrum analyser, write down every transient measurement result, and record data are calculated coke burn off result under the instantaneous situation by the program of drafting, by burning the main control computer networking of program with control, can be with man-machine dialogue or monitoring result and the self-regulating mode of sequence of control, control condition such as temperature, air capacity, quantity of steam etc. are burnt in adjusting, change the development trend of burning of transition state.Manual control or automatic control program make and burn operation to be controlled at following ranges be safety and economic.
1) as CO 〉=4% (volume %), CO
2During≤3% (volume %), it is constant to burn quantity of steam, and air capacity can increase by 5%~10% (wt%) of set amount, will burn temperature simultaneously and reduce by 5 ℃;
2) work as CO+CO
2During≤2% (volume %), burn 5% (wt%) that air capacity can increase set amount, quantity of steam reduces by 5% (wt%) simultaneously;
3) work as CO+CO
2During≤1% (volume %), burn 10%~15% (wt%) that air capacity can increase set amount, quantity of steam reduces by 15% (wt%), will burn temperature simultaneously and improve 10 ℃.
The coking amount of pyrolyzer is by detected CO, CO
2Concentration, burn tail gas total amount and associated temperature, pressure parameter calculates.
Wherein said gas treating system comprises strainer, moisture eliminator and devulcanizer.Used strainer is the straight tube filling type, in fill molecular sieve or ceramic fiber; Moisture eliminator is a shell and tube, filling CO
2The Calcium Chloride Powder Anhydrous of saturated mistake is as siccative; Devulcanizer is the straight tube packed bed, and the sweetening agent of available routine such as MgO, ZnO granulate.
Online monitoring system described in the method for the present invention has common interface, can in time dock according to any whole or partial needs that burn device.Because method equipment used of the present invention, instrument are small portable, therefore, can assemble at once according to required different occasions and come into operation.
The method of on-line monitoring burning process of the present invention can be applicable to several reactors of the following stated: as 1) any hydrocarbon cracking, cracking unit that need burn institute's coking carbon in the form purge reactor with air, steam; 2) the tubular type cracking reactor of hydro carbons any kind (single tube and take-off pipe); 3) the hydrocarbon cracking experimental installation of various scales; 4) various heating back generation cokes need the reactor of coke cleaning.
The step of burning of pyrolyzer integral body can not only be monitored and regulate to method of the present invention, also can regulate in the stove on the same stage the grouping of pipe and quenching boiler on the same group burns dynamically, both can guarantee that the serious position of coking avoided over oxidation takes place and burn tubing, can reduce the energy consumption at the light position of coking again, make whole boiler tube institute coking carbon not only remove thoroughly but also save time, energy consumption is fallen, material saving, the life-span of improving tubing equipment.
Adopt method provided by the present invention, stream time is no less than 72 hours, can satisfy the long needs of program that burn fully, guarantees the on-line real time monitoring of burning process.According to the on-line monitoring result, can in time regulate and burn programstep and burn control condition, reach the purpose that process is burnt in control, avoid burning the blindness of operation.
Method of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, present method equipment used, instrument are portable, install simply, are easy to automated operation;
2, use present method to detect more can observe in time, intuitively and burn progress than non-online conventional sample;
3, use present method can grasp the interior coking situation of coking equipment, can scientifically instruct production;
4, use present method can refinement, observation and grasp not on the same group cracking furnace pipe and burning dynamically of quenching boiler on the same group not, regulate and control burning process with this, make the monomer position control that program is refined as single-group pipe, single group quenching boiler of burning of ethylene plant's cracker, optimize and totally burn effect, improve the on-stream efficiency of cracker;
5, use present method to reduce fuel to greatest extent, burn the consumption of steam and air, help the further reduction of production cost.
Description of drawings
The schematic flow sheet of Fig. 1 method of the present invention.
Curve is burnt in the coking of Fig. 2 SRT-IV type industrial pyrolysis furnace petroleum naphtha.
Curve is burnt in the coking of Fig. 3 SRT-IV type industrial pyrolysis furnace solar oil.
Fig. 4 SL-1 type industrial pyrolysis furnace burns curve.
Embodiment
Following embodiment specifies the beneficial effect that adopts method of the present invention the burning process of pyrolyzer to be carried out on-line monitoring.
Following examples adopt method of the present invention that burning process is carried out on-line monitoring.
Cracking stock is petroleum naphtha B, 45~180 ℃ of boiling ranges, proportion D
15.60.7044g/ml, sulphur content 136PPM.Device is 60,000 tons of/year ethene SRT-IV type industrial pyrolysis furnaces, there are A, B, C three big group combs to be parallel with three quenching boilers, the temperature in of cracking furnace pipe is that 520 ℃, temperature out are 820 ℃, wherein added a certain amount of scorch retarder in big group of cracking furnace pipe of B, move after 45 days the program of entering and burn the stage, use BASF method control burning process, carry out online burning, omnidistance preface needs 72 hours, and wherein boiler tube partly accounted for 42.5 hours.Adopt method of the present invention, on the every group of quenching boiler outlet pipe that links to each other with pyrolyzer, open the leadout hole that an internal diameter is 12mm, air collecting pipe links to each other with the coil tube type watercooler by flow control valve, and the interface of air collecting pipe and water cooler is connected with flange, should be straight length between air collecting pipe and the flange.At 20~30L/min, the intake velocity of regulating infrared instrument is 1.5~2.0L/min by Flow-rate adjustment valve regulation gas producting rate, and with burn program and start simultaneously, every group of boiler tube and quenching boiler burn CO in the tail gas, CO
2Concentration curve shows and is recorded in computer, obtains to burn control curve LBn-ac and LBn-b (seeing accompanying drawing 2), multidate information is fed back to burn the time variable control end simultaneously, according to burning plots changes, regulates and burns control condition.From accompanying drawing 2 burn curve as can be seen, burn operation through 18 hours, boiler tube institute coking carbon burnouts substantially, can enter the program of burning of quenching boiler in advance, saves time more than 20 hours.
Embodiment 2
Adopt and embodiment 1 identical full scale plant (60,000 tons of/year ethene SRT-IV type industrial pyrolysis furnaces).
The cracking stock light weight diesel oil B that attaches most importance to, 230~465 ℃ of boiling ranges, proportion D
15.60.8400g/ml, sulphur content 370PPM, 490 ℃ of boiler tube temperature ins, 790 ℃ of temperature outs are moved and are entered the stage of burning after 43 days, according to the survey Jiao method of embodiment 1, obtain to burn control curve LBa-ac and LBa-b (seeing accompanying drawing 3).The result shows, can enter next section and burns program through burning operation in 12.5 hours, saves time about 30 hours.
Embodiment 3
Cracking stock is hydrogenation tail oil C, 260~535 ℃ of boiling ranges, proportion D
15.60.8258g/ml sulphur content<10ppm, device are 100,000 tons of/year ethene SL-1 type industrial pyrolysis furnaces, and a, b, c, d, six groups of quenching boilers of e, f are arranged, the temperature in of boiler tube is 570 ℃, 800 ℃ of temperature outs.Move and enter the stage of burning after 35 days, this device adopts " BASF " to burn program in 53 hours.According to the burnt way of the survey of embodiment 1, on the outlet pipe of a, two groups of quenching boilers of e, open the leadout hole that an internal diameter is 13mm, link to each other with on-line monitoring equipment by method of the present invention, regulate gas producting rate at 20~30L/min with the gas production variable valve, the intake velocity of regulating infrared instrument is 1.5~2.0L/min, and with burn program and start simultaneously.Whole process burn control curve LCv-a and LCv-e as shown in Figure 4.Curve LCv-e is than the numerical value height of curve LCv-a, and peak value descends slowly, illustrates that this group duct ligation is burnt serious, so adopt the measure of burning the period that prolongs e group this stage of pipe, has reduced the air demand of a group pipe simultaneously, in order to avoid burn too drastic.The state that burns of e group pipe and a group pipe reach unanimity after 800 minutes, and the burning out fully time ratio program of totally burning required time lengthening about 3 hours.
The application example that embodiment 4~embodiment 9 is the inventive method on the simulation pyrolyzer, employed instrument, equipment are as follows: infrared spectrum analyser be SQ 2000A type (linear lag≤± 1.5%F.S); Registering instrument is EN880 recording instrument without paper (8 passages, error ± 0.15%); Gas flow is counted BSD-2 type wet test meter (nominal flow rate 2m
3/ h, error ± 1.5%); Data handler is DELL desktop computer (a Pentium IV treater).
Embodiment 4~embodiment 9 is that different cracking conditions and difference are burnt the influence of operational condition to burning process, and the controllability of burning process has been described, the results are summarized in table 1.
Table 1 simulation pyrolyzer embodiment
Numbering | Cracking stock | Coil outlet temperature/℃ | Burn temperature/℃ | ??CO+CO 2Upper limit of concentration/volume % | Burn time/h |
Embodiment 4 | Petroleum naphtha | ????840 | ????800 | ??1.6 | ????3.5 |
Embodiment 5 | Petroleum naphtha | ????840 | ????820 | ??1.6 | ????3.0 |
Embodiment 6 | Petroleum naphtha | ????840 | ????800 | ??2.0 | ????2.5 |
Embodiment 7 | Solar oil | ????800 | ????810 | ??5.0 | ????1.75 |
Embodiment 8 | Solar oil | ????800 | ????800 | ??5.0 | ????2.0 |
Embodiment 9 | Solar oil | ????800 | ????810 | ??2.5 | ????3.0 |
Embodiment 4
With petroleum naphtha A is raw material, 45~175 ℃ of boiling ranges, proportion D
15.60.7260g/ml, sulphur content 170PPM, simulation SRT-III type pyrolyzer, 840 ℃ of cracking temperatures, 0.37 second residence time.Adopt method of the present invention on simulation pyrolyzer outlet pipe, to open the leadout hole that an internal diameter is 10mm,, insert water cooler, gas meter and on-Line Monitor Device, feed O from leadout hole when device runs to when burning the stage
2Concentration is 0.5%~1.0% the gas that burns, and it is 800 ℃ that temperature is burnt in control, regulates gas producting rate at 10L/min with the gas production variable valve, and the intake velocity of regulating infrared instrument is 1.5L/min, and the record terminal is connected with the breaking test program controlled device.After burning end, coking rate and the safety of being exported this breaking test by computer are burnt control curve, CO, CO
2Concentration is below 1.6%, and the required time of burning is 3.5 hours.
Embodiment 5
Testing apparatus and the test raw material identical with embodiment 4 change that to burn temperature be 820 ℃, and other operational conditions are constant, and the online required time that burns is 3.0 hours.
Embodiment 6
Testing apparatus, test raw material and the identical operations condition identical with embodiment 4 are regulated and are burnt oxygen-supplying amount for 110% of embodiment 4, make and burn tail gas CO, CO
2Upper limit of concentration is 2.0%, and the required online time of burning is 2.5 hours.
Embodiment 7
The testing apparatus identical with embodiment 4, changing cracking stock is solar oil A, its boiling range is 209~370 ℃, proportion D
15.60.8138g/ml sulphur content 330PPM, cracking temperature are that 800 ℃, the residence time are 0.36 second.It is 810 ℃ that temperature is burnt in control, according to the method for embodiment 4, obtains coking rate and coking control curve.Burn CO in the tail gas, CO
2Concentration is below 5.0%, and the required time of burning is 1.75 hours.
Embodiment 8
Testing apparatus and the test raw material identical with embodiment 7 change that to burn temperature be 800 ℃, and other operational conditions are constant, and the online required time that burns is 2.0 hours.
Embodiment 9
Testing apparatus, cracking stock and the identical operations condition identical with embodiment 7 are regulated and are burnt oxygen-supplying amount for 40% of embodiment 7, make and burn tail gas CO, CO
2Upper limit of concentration is 2.5%, and the required online time of burning is 3.0 hours.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method of on-line monitoring burn off coke process, it is characterized in that, the exit that this method is included in pyrolyzer and/or quenching boiler outlet pipe has the logistics leadout hole that an internal diameter is 10~15mm, insert delivery line from this hole, burn tail gas and introduce water cooler, gas meter and on-line monitoring equipment by delivery line, wherein said on-line monitoring equipment comprises gas purifying equipment, infrared spectrum analyser and data handler.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, burn tail gas and introduce water cooler through flow control valve, be cooled to after temperature is lower than 35 ℃, divide two-way to enter gas meter and on-line monitoring equipment respectively, the gas flow rate that wherein enters gas meter is 10~50L/min, and the gas flow rate that enters infrared spectrum analyser is 1.0~2.0L/min.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that the gas flow rate that enters gas meter is 10~30L/min, the gas flow rate that enters infrared spectrum analyser is 1.5~2.0L/min.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described gas purifying equipment is made up of strainer, moisture eliminator and devulcanizer.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described data handler can be selected from computer and/or registering instrument.
6, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that wherein said gas meter, infrared spectrum analyser and data handler all have the signal output interface that is connected with electronic system.
7, in accordance with the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that described infrared spectrum analyser links to each other with data handler respectively with gas meter.
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CN101872205B (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2011-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Automatic control method of online rapid decoking of cracking furnace |
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CN106590726A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for protecting manganese-chromium spinel film of cracking furnace tube against burning |
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2003
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CN101233395B (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2012-01-11 | 罗斯蒙德公司 | Process field device with infrared sensors |
CN101872205B (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2011-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Automatic control method of online rapid decoking of cracking furnace |
CN106590726A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-04-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for protecting manganese-chromium spinel film of cracking furnace tube against burning |
CN106590726B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-07-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of air-burn process of protection cracking furnace pipe manganese picotite film |
CN107970950A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of catalyst for preparing propylene with propane dehydrogenation regeneration method |
CN107971046A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of quick method for removing alkane dehydrogenating catalyst area carbon |
CN107970950B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2020-10-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for regenerating catalyst for preparing propylene by propane dehydrogenation |
CN107971046B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2020-10-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly removing carbon deposit on surface of alkane dehydrogenation catalyst |
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CN108803534A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-13 | 合肥金星机电科技发展有限公司 | Ethane cracking furnace burning process monitors system |
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