CN1575393A - 用于盲安装的密封塞 - Google Patents

用于盲安装的密封塞 Download PDF

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CN1575393A
CN1575393A CNA028211642A CN02821164A CN1575393A CN 1575393 A CN1575393 A CN 1575393A CN A028211642 A CNA028211642 A CN A028211642A CN 02821164 A CN02821164 A CN 02821164A CN 1575393 A CN1575393 A CN 1575393A
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bar
sleeve pipe
head
hole
sealing plug
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CN1252410C (zh
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安德鲁·罗伯茨
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Textron Fastening Systems Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/10—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by expanding mechanically
    • F16B19/1027—Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/1036—Blind rivets
    • F16B19/1045—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like
    • F16B19/1054—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like the pull-mandrel or the like being frangible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/061—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve of the buckling type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/11—Plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/12—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ
    • F16L55/128—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/12—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ
    • F16L55/128—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose
    • F16L55/13—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose the closure device being a plug fixed by plastic deformation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/12—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ
    • F16L55/128—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose
    • F16L55/132—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose the closure device being a plug fixed by radially deforming the packing

Abstract

一种密封塞，用于在一个适当孔内进行盲安装，以塞住并密封住该孔，该密封塞具有一个套管(1)；一个杆(2)，该杆具有一个至少部分相对于杆(2)的其余部分径向扩大的头；杆头(4)具有一个肩部，该肩部上具有一环形突起(9)；杆自套管(1)的一端伸出，且环形突起(9)接近套管(1)的另一端；杆头(4)的材料比套管(1)的材料硬，在头(4)和远离杆的部分的中间形成有一个削弱部分(3)；由此，当把密封塞插入适当的孔内，套管(1)全部进入该孔内，并且相对于套管(1)向杆(2)施加逐渐增加的力，通过肩部向邻近该肩部的套管材料施加，从而使杆头(4)上的环形突起(9)嵌入套管(4)，套管变形并径向膨胀以与孔壁啮合，之后杆(2)在削弱部分断裂以便头(4)留在套管(1)内。

Description

用于盲安装的密封塞
本发明涉及一种用于在一个适当的孔内进行盲安装的密封塞，从而塞住并且密封住该孔，例如来抵挡高压流体。盲安装意思是该塞仅通过该孔的一端来进行安装。
已知类型的这种塞(例如可在市场上买到的以AVSEAL和KOENIG HK为商标的塞)包括一个圆柱形中空套管和一个带有一锥形头部的杆，该锥形头部被拉入套管内使其径向扩张直到充满该孔。
这种类型的塞的缺点是，欲填塞的孔的直径与安装前的塞子套管的外径之间所允许的差距相当小。这产生许多问题。这样，能被相同的塞子成功密封的孔的尺寸范围受到限制，以致于在实践中需要不同尺寸范围的塞子。另外，在使用自动机械将塞子安装进工件中时，工件上的孔必须相对于一固定基准点非常精确地定位，并且在安装周期的插入阶段，塞的自动安装机械也必须能精确地使塞与孔对准。如果做不到这一点，那么存在在插入过程中塞子与工件相碰的危险，这可能会损害塞子的表面或工件中孔的表面。两种情况都会产生一个缺陷安装的塞，这会反过来导致液体从不适当塞住的孔中泄漏。
本发明的目的之一是提供一种克服这些问题的密封塞。
相应地，一方面，本发明提供一种如权利要求1所定义的密封塞。
本发明的其他特征在其他权利要求中进行描述。
现在借助于实施例并参照附图描述本发明的具体实施方式，其中：
图1-6为通过密封塞的截面，显示了塞子安装中的连续步骤，和
图7为一图表，显示了现有技术的塞与本实施例的塞的比较性能。
参见图1，该塞包括一套管1和杆2，其中杆2具有一个呈断裂颈3形式的削弱部分。杆头4具有一个扩大部分5和一个邻近断裂颈3的中间部分6，该中间部分的直径比杆的拉动部分7的直径稍微大一些。扩大部分5与中间部分6间的过渡提供了一肩部8，其具有一个呈环形圈9形式的突起或凸起部分。在这个实施例中，该凸起的圈为锥形横截面，如图1的放大部分所示。
该杆的拉动部分7具有常规的拉槽10，用于与常规的盲铆接工具啮合。该套管1由相对软的材料如铝制造，而该杆2由相对硬的材料如钢制造。该套管1以突出的环形圈9紧靠在套管1的端面20上的方式装配在杆2上。
图2显示了啮合于安装工具中的塞子，安装工具的环状鼻件11是导入端(工具的其余部分未示出)，并且紧靠工件13的表面22，围绕在欲堵塞的孔12周围。塞的头4和套管1全部在孔12内。安装工具是通常用于安装断杆铆钉或锁紧螺栓的安装工具。该安装工具包括拉动钳(未示出)，用于通过啮合拉槽10来夹紧突出的塞杆，该钳远离鼻件11缩回。鼻件的反作用力则作用于套管远离头4的一端，以致当一逐渐增加的拉力作用于杆2时，一个逐渐增加的压缩力作用于套管1。
这样，参见图3，当操作工具时，杆2被拉进鼻件11，从而杆头扩大部分5被拉向工具的鼻件11。这样做的初始作用是使杆头突起的环形圈9进入套管1的端面20，如图3的放大部分所示。
随着拉力的增加，杆头的肩部8和鼻件11之间的压缩力增加，使得套管1径向扩张。由于套管1的前端面21通过其与鼻件11间的摩擦力被部分地限制了径向膨胀，并且套管的另一端20通过与位于杆头的肩部8的环形圈9的啮合被部分地限制了径向膨胀，因此开始时套管的径向膨胀呈一桶形。肩部8所施加于套管1的力是如此之大，以致于使杆头压进套管的端部，如图4所示。这产生了杆上的肩部与套管端面20之间的密切接触。
环形圈9对于保持杆和套管之间在区域14和15的密切接触是有效的，如图4的放大部分所示。随着拉力的进一步增加，杆的肩部8进一步压进套管，套管直径进一步膨胀，直到它的外围表面16接触到孔表面17。当拉力仍进一步增加时，杆头4进一步压进套管，这引起套管材料上的压缩力增加，径向力增加的结果促使套管膨胀。如图5所示，这增加了套管外围表面16’与孔表面17’之间的接触面积18。两个表面16’和17’间的压力增加直到该两表面形成紧密的表面接触。增加的径向压力也使套管的镗孔表面19与头的部分6的表面形成密切接触。
头的部分6与套管的镗孔间的密切接触有效防止了当杆的断裂颈3在一个预定张力负载下最终断裂时杆头的任何回缩。这样杆头4在断裂颈的断裂时保持在套管内，而不在该两部分之间进行任何轴向运动。杆和套管在区域14和15间的密切接触，以及套管的外围表面与孔在区域18上的密切接触被维持了。
断裂颈3的位置是这样的，在安装操作刚一完成后，杆头4的断裂表面总是在工件的表面之下，如图6所示。
前述实例的密封塞将给在未安装的塞与孔间具有相当大间隔的孔提供有效的密封，以便于塞容易地插入孔内。
这一结果的实现是由于套管的相当大的径向膨胀。从而不需要非常精确的对准，塞就可以在塞和孔的轴的径向上被插入孔内。一旦塞被插进孔内，即使在塞和孔之间的径向上有一些未对准，由于在工件和安装工具之间可以包含一个弹性顺从装置，该塞可以被满意地进行安装。这样，安装过程中当塞膨胀时，顺从装置使塞与孔径向对准。
前述实施例的塞能够充分地膨胀并密封一个直径比塞的欲安装直径大得多的孔，而且它能够使孔密封，以抵御如前面提及的在相对较小孔内的现有技术的塞大约相同水平的液体压力。例如，已经通过实验测定，按照前述实施例的塞(其开始的圆柱体直径为9mm)可以被安装于一个直径10mm的孔中，安装完的塞可以经受住1000bar的压力。与现有技术9mm直径的塞相比较，只有当其被安装在直径不超过9.4mm的孔时才能经受住这一压力水平。
图7借助于图表说明了按照前述实施例的密封塞与现有技术的密封塞的对比，该两塞的直径均为9毫米。该图表绘出了以巴为单位的已安装塞的吹出压力对以毫米为单位的自9mm以上的孔的直径，曲线A(实线)为已提及类型的现有技术的塞的测试结果，曲线B(虚线)为根据前述实施例的塞的测试结果。本发明的塞在一定的直径范围内是有用的，比现有技术的塞的有用直径范围多出两倍以上，而且在那一范围的极大部分范围内提供了比现有技术的塞高很多的吹出压力。
本发明不限于前述实施例的内容。例如，杆头可以具有多个环形突起，而不是所描述的单个突起。单个突起或每个突起的横截面可以是除了锥形以外的其他形状。
杆的头可以具有一个横截面尺寸减少(例如一个环形槽)的导锁部分，由此，当套管在安装过程中变形时，套管材料至少部分地进入该导锁部分，以使头锁定进入套管内。

Claims (4)

1、一种密封塞，用于在一个适当的孔内进行盲安装，以塞住并且密封住该孔，该密封塞包括：
一个套管；
一个杆，该杆具有一个至少部分相对于杆的其余部分径向扩大头；
该杆头具有一个肩部，该肩部上具有环形突起；
该杆自套管的一端伸出，并且环形突起接近套管的另一端；
该杆头的材料比套管的材料硬，在头和远离杆的部分的中间形成有一个削弱部分；
由此，当把密封塞插入适当的孔内，套管全部进入该孔内，并且相对于该套管向该杆施加逐渐增加的力时，通过肩部向邻近该肩部的套管材料施加轴向压缩力，从而使杆头上的环形突起嵌入套管，套管变形并径向膨胀以与孔壁啮合，之后杆在削弱部分断裂以便头留在套管内。
2、如权利要求1所述的密封塞，其中环形突起部分为锥形横截面。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的密封塞，其中杆头的肩部包含多个环形突起。
4、一种密封塞，基本上如这里参照附图所描述的。
CNB028211642A 2001-10-23 2002-08-13 用于盲安装的密封塞 Expired - Lifetime CN1252410C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0125407A GB2381301B (en) 2001-10-23 2001-10-23 Sealing plug for blind installation
GB0125407.7 2001-10-23

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CN1575393A true CN1575393A (zh) 2005-02-02
CN1252410C CN1252410C (zh) 2006-04-19

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EP (1) EP1440272B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP4180517B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100648988B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1252410C (zh)
AT (1) ATE363623T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2002321473B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR0213526B1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2464439C (zh)
DE (1) DE60220434T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2287303T3 (zh)
GB (1) GB2381301B (zh)
MX (1) MXPA04003767A (zh)
PT (1) PT1440272E (zh)
TW (1) TW541402B (zh)
WO (1) WO2003036155A1 (zh)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107864636A (zh) * 2015-06-03 2018-03-30 戴姆勒股份公司 用于借助流动成形铆钉套将至少两个构件接合在一起的方法和接合元件
US10751788B2 (en) 2015-06-03 2020-08-25 WS Wieländer + Schill Professionelle Karosserie-Spezialwerkzeuge GmbH & Co. KG Method and joining element for joining at least two components by means of a flow-formed rivet sleeve

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PT1440272E (pt) 2007-08-06
KR20040071129A (ko) 2004-08-11
ES2287303T3 (es) 2007-12-16
TW541402B (en) 2003-07-11
ATE363623T1 (de) 2007-06-15
MXPA04003767A (es) 2004-07-30
DE60220434D1 (de) 2007-07-12
GB0125407D0 (en) 2001-12-12
ZA200403067B (en) 2005-01-26
CN1252410C (zh) 2006-04-19
GB2381301A (en) 2003-04-30
BR0213526B1 (pt) 2011-12-13
JP2005506504A (ja) 2005-03-03
BR0213526A (pt) 2004-10-19
GB2381301B (en) 2005-01-12
CA2464439A1 (en) 2003-05-01
EP1440272A1 (en) 2004-07-28
JP4180517B2 (ja) 2008-11-12
US7150593B2 (en) 2006-12-19
KR100648988B1 (ko) 2006-11-27
US20050008454A1 (en) 2005-01-13
EP1440272B1 (en) 2007-05-30
AU2002321473B2 (en) 2007-09-06
WO2003036155A1 (en) 2003-05-01
DE60220434T2 (de) 2008-03-20
CA2464439C (en) 2009-04-28

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