CN1570513A - Method for integral heat supply, power generating and refrigeration by utilizing CO2 as working medium and using low-temperature heat source - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a new technique, which can generate electricity and refrigerate with physics character of CO2, which can absorb heat energy from low temperature liquid. The technics can use in kinds of environment, such as in the air, on the bottom of sea, city, country, desert and mountain .As long as heat mine as the liquid (>0 deg.C) , sunshine ,air or waterhead exists, then we can fix the new suitable device to generate heat and electricity and refrigerate.

Description

Use CO 2Utilize low-temperature heat source heat supply generating and cooling coproduction technique technology as working medium

One, uses CO ₂Utilize the strategic importance of low-temperature heat source heat supply generating and cooling coproduction as working medium.

Along with the intense industrialization development of society, the concentration of carbon dioxide in atmosphere significantly increases, and the greenhouse effects that cause thus cause global atmosphere to heat up and worsen consequence, are to make the anxiety-ridden problem of the whole mankind always.

According to the statistics of relevant department, global annual CO ₂Discharge capacity up to 29,000,000,000 tons, and half CO is arranged approximately ₂Retain in the atmosphere.CO before the industrialization ₂Concentration be 280 * 10 ^-6, at present up to about 360 * 10 ^-6The variation of the ecological environment that greenhouse effects cause, global climates such as the EI Nino that causes as greenhouse gases, La Nina are unusual, frequent flood arid, typhoon etc., and the world food underproduction that causes thus, desertification phenomenon etc. cause the worry of world environmental protection organization already.Kyoto Protocol in 1997 has been done clear and definite regulation to successively decreasing of various countries' greenhouse gas emissions, but because CO ₂The gas discharging is closely related with industrially developed country's economic development, as CO ₂The maximum U.S. of gas discharging withdraws from this agreement in calendar year 2001.China also is one of more country of gas discharging, though China is for CO ₂The improvement of gas is done a lot of work, but the same with a lot of countries, CO ₂Between the improvement and national economy fast development of gas discharging, exist always and be difficult to satisfactory to both parties predicament.And the achievement of my research: use CO ₂Utilize various low-temperature heat sources (〉=-30 ℃ fluid all can, ℃ fluid practical value height at least 〉=0) to generate electricity and the novel technique of heating and refrigerating simultaneously as working medium, then not only can solve China CO ₂The problem of gas control emission, and for promoting the Chinese national economy high speed development to have more far-reaching strategic importance.

In view of CO ₂Gas is to the harm of environment, and the mankind utilize CO at Scientific exploration always ₂By way of, wherein use CO ₂Utilize the problem of the heat resource power generation of fluid as working medium, the science door is also early probed into.Because CO ₂Boiling point (under the normal pressure) is-77.8 ℃, utilizes low-grade thermal source so can utilize its evaporation heat absorption, makes CO ₂Pressure build up rear drive steam turbine power generation, thus expand energy access greatly.It is reported that Romania has realized industrialization with carbon dioxide as the working medium of driving steam turbine in geothermal power generation, its Aura Di Ya city SIHE has built up and has utilized geothermal water CO ₂Make the geothermal power station of working medium, put into operation and add grid generation.

This shows, utilize CO ₂Draw the coproduction of various low-temperature heat source heat supply generating and cooling as working medium and also can realize industrialization fully.It is reported Romania CO ₂The underground heat that generating utilizes is the middle calorific value thermal source of grade in being higher than more than 50 ℃, and if use CO ₂Make CO when doing the working medium generating again simultaneously ₂High temperature heats and cryogenic refrigeration, but then not only killing three birds with one stone is compared CO as long as the more important thing is ₂The high fluid low-temperature heat source more than 20～30 ℃ of evaporating temperature also can realize heat supply generating, so with CO ₂Evaporation of liquid temperature after generating and the refrigeration is controlled between-55～-45 ℃, and ℃ heat source fluid all can be used as heat source then in theory 〉=-30, and at least 〉=0 ℃ the fluid heat supply generating more than can realize industrialization fully.Like this, because the extensive expansion of generating thermal source brings the beautiful prospect of unlimited mystery for therefrom we mankind: in so numerous, low-grade thermal source: the waste heat of extra large Hu Jiangheshui, GEOTHERMAL WATER, solar energy, air, some fluid industrial products all could become inexhaustible energy place!

Thus; this technology is as being able to extensive use; then not only can significantly reduce the greenhouse gas emissions that produce in the process industry; and can thoroughly solve energy crisis, the oil crisis in the whole world; more resource, the outer space are created more advantage under the human development sea, and inexhaustible clear energy sources is provided for human comings and goings, for improving the quality of living! Especially China is quickened to become the most competitive world powers and brings the opportunity of not seeing from ancient times to now!

At first, because the most of area of China is in subtropical zone, area, temperate zone, low-grade low-temperature heat source in being had: as sunlight, seawater, Hu Jiangheshui, GEOTHERMAL WATER, the waste heat of the higher calorific value of factory's discharging is all innumerable, use the economic worth height, for each enterprise product of China brings high efficiency, low-cost advantage, minimum China can accomplish that power self-support is from surplus, thereby the petroleum and natural gas that no longer needs several ten million barrels of annual imports, so just, can save a large amount of outflow wealth, advance modernization rapidly; The second, owing to use CO ₂Utilize low temperature heat resource power generation to replace thermal power generation gradually as working medium, not only reduce CO in the industrial waste gas significantly ₂, SO ₂, N ₂O, arsenide, dust be to the pollution of air, and will significantly reduce mining, disafforestation etc. and destroy ecological behaviors, thus solve China since the industrial pollution that the industry high speed development brings to the trouble and worry of ecological environment; Three, can promote China CO ₂And the development of gas industry, as China if the self-built CO of 3,000,000 families (1,200 ten thousand tame enterprises 25%) is arranged ₂Heat supply generating and refrigerating plant then will spur the investment and the consumption of 15,000,000,000,000 yuan (every device is on average by 5,000,000 yuan), the liquid CO of China at least ₂Output also can increase 3,000 ten thousand tons of/year (needing 10t by every device) CO rapidly by 800,000 tons/year ₂The output value will rise to more than 30,000,000,000 yuan by 800,000,000 yuan rapidly, and because CO ₂Recovery, producing and selling, service, device fabrication and CO ₂The installation of the plant and equipment of TRT, put into operation and the development of related industry, the job that can bring also plays great impetus to the urbanization development of China like this in (by 20 calculating of every device and associated enterprise post) more than 6,000 ten thousand at least.The aspect that much has much strategic importance in addition as in carbon trade market, North America, European Union's carbon transaction whereby technology China just can earn greatly one time, can make China's energy from then on no longer under one's control etc. in addition, do not repeat them here.

Two, use CO ₂Utilize the operation principle of low-temperature heat source heat supply generating and cooling coproduction as working medium

1, CO ₂The physics thermal property:

Here simply introduce CO ₂Physical phase transition and thermal property, understand CO to help us ₂The basic principle of heat supply generating and cooling.

A, density: gas CO ₂Density be heavier than air, approximately be 1.5 times of air.In the time of 0 ℃, pressure is that the density of 101.3kpa is 1.9769kg/m ³In the time of 20 ℃, pressure is 1.7909kg/m during for 101.3kpa; Liquid CO ₂Density: light at higher temperature region internal ratio water, but then slightly heavy at a lower temperature than water; Solid CO ₂Density greatly about 1500～1700kg/m ³Between;

B, three phase point, temperature: T=-56.57 ℃, pressure p=0.518Mpa. solid enthalpy h _s=-54kcal/kg, liquid enthalpy h _l=-7.6kcal/kg gas contains h _g=75.4kcal/kg;

C, critical point, temperature T c=31.1 ℃, pressure P c=7.38Mpa, density p c=468kg/m ³, heat content: h=151.8kcal/kg;

D, CO ₂The parameter of several important state points during work;

1., temperature :-50 ℃, pressure: 0.10Mpa, heat of liquid: hl=-5kcal/kg, gas heat content: hg=76kcal/kg,

2., temperature: 25 ℃, pressure 0.1Mpa, overheated gas heat content: 175kcal/kg

3., temperature: 60 ℃, pressure 7.5Mpa, overheated gas heat content: 185kcal/kg

2, CO ₂The operation principle of heat supply generating and cooling coproduction:

Accompanying drawing 1:CO ₂Heat supply generating and cooling coproduction state variation schematic diagram.

By Fig. 1, CO ₂Heat supply generating and cooling coproduction state variation schematic diagram is in the CO of A dotted state as can be known ₂Gas, through B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, eight processes, i.e. four compressions, four coolings can be with A dotted state 0.1Mpa, 25 ℃ of compressions also are cooled and reach I dotted state: 7.5Mpa, 60 ℃, and when the running water cooling of being connected, add hot tap-water the running water temperature is risen to about 55 ℃ by 23 ℃, reaching to the need bathing directly provides life hot water with hot water department.Be in I dotted state: 7.5MPa, 60 ℃ CO then ₂The high pressure cylinder one-level expansion pushing turbine that gas enters the steam turbine generator of the compound expansion work done that runs up, after pressure is reduced to 1.0Mpa, entering the low pressure (LP) cylinder compound expansion again continues after the steam turbine work done, energy, volume energy, speed energy, all hurried decline of potential energy in itself, gas-condensate liquid turns to liquid and arrives J dotted state, CO ₂The interior energy that gas reduces, volume energy (sum of the two is heat content), speed energy, potential energy (numerical value of this two variation can be ignored with respect to the former two) promptly change into the electric energy of generator, thereby realize the purpose to user's power supply, meanwhile, because CO ₂Gas loses a large amount of interior energy, volume energy, and temperature descends suddenly, and liquefaction itself is the J dotted state for the very low liquid of temperature: (50 ℃ of 0.1Mpa), thus make the low-temperature receiver of the degree of depth, reach the purpose of refrigeration.(more important is cryogenic liquid CO ₂When low-temperature receiver is provided, in fact possessed very strong driving force to the material picked-up heat energy higher than its temperature, do not have this energy thereby can obtain to nature in any position of the earth), this cryogenic liquid CO ₂A circulation has been finished in also overheated intensification of the thermal source heating evaporation that is cooled again, gets back to the A dotted state heavily again.Possessed the energy of heat supply generating so not only but also changed next heat supply generating and cooling circulation over to.

Desirable Reversible Cycle and Claude process liquefying refrigerating circulation process that this working cycles is actually the Thermal Motor of Kano merge, and the purpose that has further improved flow process to reach substantially not have " merit loss ", available energy maximizing to utilize.

3, CO ₂Heat supply generating and cooling joint production process process description:

Attached: general flow chart 2.CO ₂Gas is compressed to the B point by A point 0.1Mpa through the one-level of reciprocating type four-stage compressor (oil-free lubrication): 130 ℃, 0.4Mpa, arrive the C point after one-level intercooler and running water (23 ℃) heat exchange: temperature is reduced to 35 ℃, after the secondary compression, arrive the D point again: 125 ℃, 1.2MPa, cold next running water (arrives the E point after 32.5 ℃ of heat exchange in secondary intercooler and one-level again, temperature is reduced to 45 ℃, arrives the F point through three grades of compressions again: 120 ℃, 3.0MPa.In three grades of charge air coolers and secondary after cold running water (41 ℃) heat exchange that comes to reaching the G point, temperature is reduced to 50 ℃, the compression of compressed again machine level Four arrives the H point: 135 ℃, 7.5Mpa arrive I point temperature after cold running water (48 ℃) heat exchange that comes and reduce to 60 ℃ in the level Four cooler with in three grades.Running water was heated to 55 ℃ and sent into the hot water barrel this moment, and hot water can directly be delivered to the user or continue to continue to be warming up to the insulated electro heating resistor that the user is temperature required sends according to user's needs in the hot water barrel, so reaches the heat supply purpose.The CO of I dotted state ₂The high pressure cylinder that directly enters the steam turbine with two cylinders of high-low pressure is after the nozzle expansion pushing turbine runs up work done, pressure is reduced to 1.0Mpa, the low pressure (LP) cylinder that enters steam turbine then continues the generating of expansion working pushing turbine, pressure own is reduced to 0.1Mpa ,-50 ℃, and major part is condensed into liquid, arrival state J point, CO in condensation process ₂Liquid is extracted out rapidly enters CO ₂Evaporimeter with heating source (or claiming to be cooled medium) heat exchange, provides cold to the medium that is cooled, and itself obtains energy, gets back to state A, will enter the circulation of next heat supply generating and cooling again.

In this cyclic process, need to worry the efficiency of each operation hardly, because it merges Carnot cycle and Cloud circulation and further improvement is arranged, if reduced efficient aspect arbitrary operation certain in the heat supply generating and cooling, that will make the efficient of opposite aspect be improved, the efficient of inflating as compressor reduces, then its heating efficiency improves, increase as its refrigeration hourglass refrigerating loss, then its heat supply generating efficiency may improve, because the heat that bleeds obviously is not need cost.

4, CO ₂Heat supply generating and cooling thermodynamic process is calculated:

CO ₂Experience a cyclic process by state A → B → C → D → E → F → G → H → I → J → A, its thermodynamic process and being calculated as follows: inflate flow (inlet condition) with 1 compressor 8m3/min and calculate:

(1) by 25 ℃ of .0.1Mpa gas of A point CO ₂To the I point: 60 ℃, 7.5Mpa, during the final state temperature T of four compressions ₂, go up the calculation equation of real gas reciprocating compressor according to " chemical process design manual ": $T_2=T_1{\mathrm{\ϵ}}^{\frac{K-1}{K}};$ Every grade of compression theoretical merit of doing:

$W=1.634P_t{V_t}^{\frac{K}{K-1}}[{\mathrm{\ϵ}}^{\frac{K}{K-1}}-1]$

Then calculate T respectively ₂Get (respectively adding 10 ℃ of left and right sides mechanical loss temperature rises):

B point T ₂=130 ℃, D point T ₂=125 ℃; F point T ₂=120 ℃; H point T ₂=135 ℃.

Calculate compressed actions at different levels respectively:

W ₁＝20.9kwh(A→B) W ₂＝16.1kwh(C→D)

W ₃＝13.2kwh(E→F) W ₄＝13.2kwh(G→H)

Compressor amounts to CO ₂Work done W _λ=W ₁+ W ₂+ W ₃+ W ₄=63.4kwh

(2) by the A point to the I point, during level Four cooling emit heat Calculation:

One-level cooling: Q ₁=mCp (T ₂-T ₁)=26kwh (B → C)

Secondary cooling: Q ₂=21.9kwh (D → E)

Three grades of cooling: Q ₃=20.5kwh (F → G)

Level Four cooling: Q ₄=20.5kwh (H → I)

CO ₂Always emit heat: Q through the level Four cooling _Put=Q ₁+ Q ₂+ Q ₃+ Q ₄

＝87.6kwh

If by every 1kgCO ₂With 2.5kg running water series connection cooling, then running water can obtain temperature rise in theory

With 23 ℃ of calculating of running water inlet temperature, can get 55 ℃ of hot water 2357kg/h altogether.

(3) CO ₂Gas is adiabatic expansion generating and process of refrigerastion by I → J point.

A, at first calculate CO ₂Gas is by the I point: 60 ℃, 7.5Mpa are assumed to be no mechanical resistance through adiabatic expansion, and enough room and times are arranged, and also do not have phase transformation, promptly regard the outlet temperature of perfect gas expansion as.

Press desirable gas equation:

$T_2=T_1{\mathrm{\ϵ}}^{\frac{1-\mathrm{\γ}}{\mathrm{\γ}}}=333\×{\left(\frac{7.5}{0.1}\right)}^{\frac{1-1.25}{1.25}}=140.4k$

And if calculate its outlet temperature with Jiao's one soup formula of the throttling expansion of real gas:

T ₂＝T ₁+H _JT(P ₂-P ₁)＝333+1.38×10 ^-5(0.1-7.5)×10 ⁶

＝231K＝-42℃

Because the effect and the CO of the output energy of steam turbine ₂Gas is made adiabatic expansion in the high and low pressure cylinder of steam turbine, existing bigger expansion space, and because of overcoming most of gas liquefaction after the mechanical resistance work done, its Entropy Changes degree is big again, just like the decompressor effect in Cloud's liquefaction flow path, makes CO ₂The adiabatic expansion process still all is gas phase, then its T comparatively near perfect gas if there is not the phase transformation liquefaction process ₂Temperature is certainly between above-mentioned two kinds of T ₂Between the result of calculation, and will be more approaching-132 ℃, at least about-100 ℃, but the purpose of this technology be to make the very CO of low temperature ₂, just requirement obtains having than the medium that is cooled (or claiming low-temperature heat source) the cryogenic liquid CO of enough temperature difference ₂Just much of that, therefore can heat it at the turbine low pressure cylinder liquid outlet tank as required, control its condensing temperature-40 ℃-50 ℃ just passable, thereby assurance equipment does not need the expensive material of more anti-deep hypothermia.Therefore below promptly with CO ₂Calculate its thermodynamic data in-50 ℃ of liquefaction and evaporation.

B, I point is an irreversible procedure to the J dotted state, but can be assumed to be the combination of 3 reversible processes.

Therefore calculate and can get with the thermodynamical equilibrium equation formula:

$\mathrm{\Δ}{H}_1=-W_1=-P_2\mathrm{\ΔV}=-P_2\mathrm{nRT}(\frac{1}{p_2}-\frac{1}{p_1})=-16.26\mathrm{kwh}$

ΔH ₂＝-W+(-ΔU)＝-nRΔT-mcpΔT＝-35.55kwh

ΔH ₃＝-(W ₃+Δ _conH)＝-nRT-ΔconH＝-100.68kwh

∵-W＝ΔH＝ΔH1+ΔH2+ΔH3

∴ W＝-ΔH＝-(ΔH1+ΔH2+ΔH3)＝152.5kwh

Promptly get CO ₂The merit 152.5kwh that gas is done steam turbine.

C. if calculate, check in I point heat content H=185kcal/kg with Cha Tufa.

J point heat of liquid H ₁=-5kcal/kg.Gas Hg=76kcal/kg.

If with J point CO ₂Form all be that liquid calculates this compressor and generates electricity to do work and be:

W _{Go out}=208.3kwh.

And if with J dotted state CO ₂All be gaseous state still, then calculate gained W _{Go out}For:

W _{Go out}=119.5kwh,

Obvious CO ₂The actual conditions of adiabatic expansion generating work done fall between, and this has also verified above-mentioned by being decomposed into reversible step calculating gained result comparatively near actual conditions.

(4) CO ₂Gas is by J → A condition, promptly-50 ℃, the liquid CO of 0.1Mpa ₂The cold that makes is transferred to the medium that is cooled (or claim heating source), itself obtains heat and be evaporated to heat up and become the irreversible procedure of overheated gas, this also can be decomposed into a reversible process and calculate:

Q ₁＝ΔH ₁＝ΔvapH+W ₁＝ΔvapH+nRT＝100.8kwh

Q ₂＝ΔH ₂＝ΔU+W ₂＝mcpΔT+nRΔT＝24.24kwh

Q _Inhale=Q ₁+ Q ₂=125kwh.

This also is CO ₂Offering the refrigerating capacity of the medium that is cooled, also is the heat that is used for heat supply generating that CO2 obtains from the external world.

Calculate CO with looking into diagram method equally ₂By J → A point, Q _Inhale=Δ H=197kwh is so actual conditions also should be between between the two.

Three, CO ₂Utilize the technical and economic evaluation of low-temperature heat source heat supply generating and cooling as working medium.

1, generated energy: by above-mentioned calculation of thermodynamics, this 8m ³The theoretical generated energy of the four-stage compressor of/min is 152.5kwh, if be 5% in the loss of the mechanical power of generating set, but then actual power is 145kwh, is converted into CO ₂Every kg generated energy=0.154kwh.

2, heating load: got by above-mentioned calculation of thermodynamics, the theoretical heating load of this compressor is: 87.6kwh, then every kgCO ₂Heating load is; 0.093kwh.If in its heat loss 5% (because of CO ₂Temperature and circumstance of temperature difference are also little), actual heating load 0.088kwh/kg.

3, refrigerating capacity: by above-mentioned calculation of thermodynamics, the refrigerating capacity that this compressor provides in theory is: 125kwh is converted into every kgCO ₂Refrigerating capacity be 0.133kwh, if in loss of refrigeration capacity 5%, then actual refrigerating capacity is: 0.126kwh/kg.

4, the power consumption of compressor: got by above-mentioned calculation of thermodynamics, the theoretical power consumption of this compressor is: 63.4kwh, if calculate with compressor effective power 85%, then the actual power consumption amount is: 74.6kwh is converted into every kgCO ₂Power consumption 0.079kwh.

5, institute's heat dissipation energy, because the low-temperature heat source that is utilized, can take from the solar energy that does not have this, sea Hu Jiangheshui, air or industrial waste heat gas, spent hot water or other waste heat fluid, its cost only need calculate its power conveying energy consumption, and these fluids all are with blower fan or low-lift pump, low pressure compressor is carried, and its pressure generally can not surpass 0.4Mpa, and its power consumption just can not surpass CO ₂1/10 of energy consumption of compressor if calculate with 1/10 of energy consumption of compressor, is then counted power consumption 0.008kwh.

In sum, then every as can be known kgCO ₂Total power consumption is: 0.079+0.0079=0.087kwh, and can produce the electric energy of 0.154kwh, the cold of 0.126kwh, the heat energy of 0.088kwh simultaneously, and generating efficiency is 177%, refrigerating efficiency is: and 145%, heating efficiency is: 101%.That is to say CO with 6.5kg ₂The heat energy of power consumption 0.56kwh can be produced the electric energy of 1kwh, the cold of 0.82kwh, the heat of 0.57kwh simultaneously, and promptly gross efficiency is: 423%.Even half also is unrivaled for its economic benefit result of calculation discount in theory!

The ratio of the technical program energy input and output just is 1: 4.23, compare at 2.2: 1 with the ratio of thermal power generation energy input and output, the energy consumption of the technical program is less than 1/9th of thermal power generation, in addition the used energy is inexhaustible natural nothing clear energy sources originally!

Four, this technology and thermal power generating technology are relatively

1, present technique is compared with thermal power generation, does not only produce the dusty gas and the water body of a large amount of greenhouse gases, sulfur-bearing, arsenic, nitrogen oxide and entrained dirt, and can reclaim the greenhouse gases CO in the industrial waste gas ₂, turn waste into wealth, address before its great economy and the environment protection strategy meaning, repeat no more.

2, present technique is compared with thermal power generation, and its required thermal source is wide material sources not only, and inexhaustible, can also impel climate temperature to descend to some extent, and the thermal source supply cost is very low, also addresses before its important meaning.

3, present technique is compared with thermal power generation, and only single the calculating with generated energy of its institute's energy consumption also has only 1/4th of thermal power generation, and if calculate with heating and refrigerating and generating stack, then its energy consumption is less than the latter's 1/9th, and its advantage is self-evident.

4, present technique is compared with thermal power generation, and flow process is very short, and the plant and equipment investment significantly reduces, especially do not have solid-fuelled transportation, drop into and discharge, do not have water supply purifying system, do not have waste discharge to purify pollutant-removing system yet, so investment, construction, automation are regulated, and all save manyly.

5, present technique and thermal power generation or other medium heating and refrigerating technology are relatively, the function of while comprehensive heating, generating, refrigeration three aspects, thereby significantly reduce simple function found the factory shared land area, fund and other various resources, equal to have avoided repeated construction, saved wealth and natural resources greatly.

6, present technique and thermal power generation are compared, and security of operation stability is more reliable, and material and maintenance cost are low, also realize the automation mechanized operation management easily, because temperature, pressure is not so high, and no corrosive medium (pure CO ₂Be not corrosion) do not resemble thermal power generation sulfur-bearing, arsenic, air plankton and cause existing high temperature corrosion that cold end corrosion is arranged again, so service life of equipment is long, required condition, material be greatly minimizing all.

7, present technique and thermal power generation are compared, and the working medium internal circulating load is about 1.5 times of the latter, and the required working medium internal circulating load of present technique is: generating 1Kwh needs CO ₂Amount: 1 ÷ 0.154=6.5kg, than about 4kg water vapour of thermal power generation mostly, but that the former consumes auxiliary power is more much lower than the latter.

8, present technique and thermal power generation are compared, and its turbine parameters requires the former lower slightly, and its high temperature of the latter expands with heat and contract with cold and shockproof requirement height, and the latter is that low temperature resistant requirement is high, but does not belong to the deep cooling parameter, and the temperature difference is much smaller, just the anti-cold short requirement height of low pressure (LP) cylinder material.

9, present technique and thermal power generation are compared, and the liquid hammer spot corrosion of turbine low pressure cylinder may be serious, design and the prevention of production process palpus emphasis.

10, use CO ₂Make working medium heat supply generating and refrigeration and other medium,, wait comparison, both originated easily as freon, iso-butane, ammonia, steam, safe and reliable again, the tool nontoxic pollution-free, nonflammable explosive, and process conditions are low, and generating, the high several times of refrigerating efficiency are applied advantages such as easy.

11, use CO ₂When making working medium heat supply generating and refrigeration, when being humid air or water as if the medium that is cooled, should note preventing cooling medium frozen obstruction in evaporation equipment, causing heat transfer efficiency to descend influences operating efficiency, so this is a shortcoming of this process technology scheme.The most handy dry air when therefore making heating source with air should improve the pressure and the flow velocity of water as far as possible when using water as heating source, reduce the temperature drop of water, also should consider to design CO ₂Evaporating temperature between-5 ℃～5 ℃, so that heating source is being higher than freezing point and CO ₂Liquid heat exchange reaches more satisfactory operating efficiency.

Five, use CO ₂Utilize the accommodation of low-temperature heat source heat supply generating and cooling joint production process technology as working medium.

1, the present technique range of application more has superiority, not only be suitable for each factory and enterprise, also be more suitable for school, hotel, hotel, supermarket, gymnasium, assembly hall, exhibition center, biotope etc., only be equivalent to build the expense of a medium-sized boiler, just can all solve the problem of electric power, heat supply, air-conditioning, and user's emphasis as required, can regulate the relative load of heat supply and refrigeration as required.If the indoor hot-air that needs can change the direct heating air into by heat supply water just also the running water of each cooler in the technological process can be switched to cold air, need only regulate air mass flow and just can.

2, the present technique application region also is infinitely wide, no matter all directions, seabed sky, desert high mountain, the frontier defense sentry post, as long as the place of low-temperature heat sources such as sunlight, water, air is arranged, just this device can be installed, obtaining does not have this energy, for the mankind fully develop the Nature, ocean, outer space creation primary condition.Especially can make full use of solar energy, GEOTHERMAL WATER and southern extra large Hu Jiangheshui, so receive benefits regardless of city, equal can the popularizing in rural area.

3, the process conditions of present technique flow process also can be according to the needs of user's needs or heating source temperature range, the progression and the last level discharge pressure of compressor can be changed arbitrarily, generally consider between 1.6Mpa～12Mpa, all can choose at random from energy-conservation aspect, can both realize the purpose of heat supply generating and cooling, just its task performance changes thereupon, general work pressure should not surpass 12Mpa, in order to avoid equipment manufacturing cost and job security have requirements at the higher level.

In sum, the present technique prospect is inestimable, and perhaps it can thoroughly change All Around The World, more wishes to be the vigorous development of our national economy, and the rescue global ecological environment is made outstanding contribution.Calculate used data and come from " technical papers on Chemical Engineering handbook " chemical process design manual " " recovery of fermentation plant carbon dioxide and application " and the relevant magazine.

Claims (1)

1. The feature of this technology is: the gas CO that utilizes low-temp low-pressure (0.1Mpa, 25 ℃) ₂, by four coolings of four compressions it is pressurized to elevated pressures (7.5Mpa, 60 ℃), meanwhile export certain heat (adding hot tap-water), expand to steam turbine work done output electric energy, gas CO simultaneously through two-step throttle then ₂Energy and volume energy in itself losing, temperature decrease is condensed into low-temp low-pressure liquid (50 ℃, 0.1Mpa), make cold, with the low-temperature heat source material heat exchange higher than its temperature, the output cold, itself obtain that heat is evaporated and overheated intensification, get back to original state (0.1Mpa, 25 ℃), and finish the process cycles of heat supply generating and cooling coproduction.So move in circles, realize the purpose of continuous combined heat generating and cooling coproduction.