CN1563351A - Biologic bactericide for preventing and curing disease of garden of spgarden stuff after picking, and specific strain - Google Patents
Biologic bactericide for preventing and curing disease of garden of spgarden stuff after picking, and specific strain Download PDFInfo
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- CN1563351A CN1563351A CN 200410034028 CN200410034028A CN1563351A CN 1563351 A CN1563351 A CN 1563351A CN 200410034028 CN200410034028 CN 200410034028 CN 200410034028 A CN200410034028 A CN 200410034028A CN 1563351 A CN1563351 A CN 1563351A
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Abstract
In the present invention, the active composition of biological bacteriacide for preventing picked up vegetables and fruits from disease is Pichia membranefaciens BAY-1 CGMCC No 0553 which is no pathogenicity to human being and animal according to identification report H37/80/YC7 published by CABI Bioscience I dentification services.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological bactericide and special strain therefore thereof of preventing and treating postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables in the biological control field.
Background technology
The main at present chemical pesticide control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables that uses.Though the chemical pesticide effect is remarkable, the life-time service chemical agent has caused many pathogenic bacterias to produce resistance, makes the protection effect of chemical pesticide reduce, and forces its working concentration to increase year by year.Simultaneously, high density ground uses not only contaminate environment of agricultural chemicals, and the residual hazard of fruit surface exceeds standard and also threatening human health.Along with the growing interest of people to healthy and envrionment conditions, the investigator has to seek to prevent and treat more safely and effectively the new technology of postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables.
Biological control mainly is the antagonistic action of utilizing between the microorganism, and the microorganism of selecting agricultural-food are not worked the mischief suppresses growth of pathogenic bacteria.Antagonistic yeast does not produce human body and to poison or to poison very little, can effectively control the generation of fruit and vegetable food post-harvest diseases.But, use separately the antagonism bacterium but be difficult to reach commercialization produce in to the requirement of its prevention effect.Press down the assistant agent of disease ability by being used effective raising antagonism bacterium, the antagonism bacterium can reach the prevention effect suitable with chemical bactericide.Antagonistic yeast also can be adopted the conventional measure such as the low temperature of aftertreatment with fruit and vegetable food, and supporting use such as air conditioning technology fully demonstrates its superiority.Up to the present, pathologists are filtering out tens kinds of antagonistic yeasts from multiple fruit such as apple, oranges and tangerines, pears, peach, cherry, Kiwifruits, the main disease of respectively adopting the back fruit is had significantly for they but sick effect has several antagonism bacterium to form commodity and accepted by people.
Use antagonistic yeast control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables, can reduce the consumption of chemical pesticide and the residual hazard on fruit and vegetable food, to protecting HUMAN HEALTH and preventing the pollution of the environment all very important.Simultaneously, also help the foreign exchange earning of China's high-quality fruit and vegetable food, economic benefit and social benefit are very remarkable.
The innovation and creation content
The purpose of this invention is to provide the bacterial strain that a strain can prevent and treat postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables.
The bacterial strain of preventing and treating postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables provided by the present invention is Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1, be preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center (being called for short CGMCC) in 04 month 06 day calendar year 2001, preserving number is CGMCC № 0553.
Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 separates in peach fruit wound, its bacteria colony white, and smooth surface, well-grown can be induced resistance relevant enzyme such as producing chitinase, dextranase at normal temperatures.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of biological bactericide of preventing and treating postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables.
The biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables provided by the present invention, its activeconstituents are Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553.
For reaching better prevention effect, the biological bactericide of described control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables also comprises assistant agent.Described assistant agent can be low dosage chemical bactericide, Na
2SiO
3At least a with in the foodstuff additive, these materials all do not produce harm or endanger minimum human body.
Described low dosage chemical bactericide can be 20-200ppm stroby, wear and frustrate mould, Shi Baoke etc.Described Na
2SiO
3Mass concentration can be 0.1%-4%.Described foodstuff additive can be NaHCO
3Or ammonium molybdate.Described NaHCO
3Mass concentration can be 0.1%-4%; The volumetric molar concentration of described ammonium molybdate can be 0.5mM-10mM.
In the biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention, the fungicidal effectiveness of Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 is directly proportional with its cell concn, but in actual applications, consider production cost, in general the cell concentration of Pichia membranaefaciens BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 is 1 * 10
4-1 * 10
9Individual cell/ml bacterium liquid.
Above-mentioned postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables can be brown heart (Monilinia fructicola (G.Wint.) Honey), Black Rotten (Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl) and penicilliosis diseases such as (Penicillium expansumLink).
The experiment proved that, Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 be a strain safety, nontoxic, can prevent and treat postharvest fruit and vegetable brown heart (Monilinia fructicola (G.Wint.) Honey) effectively, the antagonistic yeast of Black Rotten (Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl) and penicilliosis main postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables such as (Penicilliumexpansum Link), and along with the increase of working concentration, effect strengthens.This bacterial strain can be used for the biological control of postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables safely to people and animals' no pathogenicity (probation report probation report H37/80/YC7 Britain international standard institute of microbiology (CABI Bioscience Identification Services)).The biological bactericide that the present invention prevents and treats postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables is used in combination as refrigeration and controlled atmosphere etc. with the aftertreatment measure of adopting of routine, and effect is better, will play a significant role in the control of postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is that the biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention under the room temperature is adopted the prevention effect histogram of back Black Rotten to the sweet cherry fruit
Fig. 1 b is that the biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention under the room temperature is adopted the prevention effect histogram of back brown heart to the sweet cherry fruit
Fig. 2 a is that the biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention under the cold condition is adopted the prevention effect histogram of back brown heart to the sweet cherry fruit
Fig. 2 b is that the biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention under the controlled atmosphere condition is adopted the prevention effect histogram of back brown heart to the sweet cherry fruit
Fig. 3 a is that the biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention under the room temperature is adopted the prevention effect histogram of back Black Rotten to winter-jujube fruit
Fig. 3 b is that the biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention under the room temperature is adopted the prevention effect histogram of back penicilliosis to winter-jujube fruit
Fig. 4 adopts the prevention effect histogram of back penicilliosis to winter-jujube fruit for the biological bactericide immersion treatment of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention under the room temperature
Embodiment
The biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention is adopted the prevention effect of back Black Rotten and brown heart under embodiment 1, the room temperature to the sweet cherry fruit
Consisting of of this biological bactericide: 1 * 10
6The Pichia membranaefaciens of individual cell/ml (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 bacterium liquid and 50ppm stroby (PM+stroby).
Present embodiment is a test materials with sweet cherry fruit (Prunus avivum L.cv.Hongdeng).Fruit derives from Beijing woods fruit institute.
Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 working concentration is 1 * 10
6Individual cell/ml bacterium liquid.
Pathogenic bacteria: black rot (Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl) and brown rot germ (Monilinia fructicola (G.Wint.) Honey).
After stabbing, the sweet cherry fruit inoculates following treatment solution: A. Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 respectively; B. Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553+ sterilant stroby (50ppm); C. sterilant stroby (50ppm); D.CK (sterilized water).Inoculum size is 20 μ l.Behind the 4h, inoculating 15 μ l concentration respectively is 1 * 10
4The black rot of individual spore/ml (Alternaria alternata) or brown rot germ (Moniliniafructicola) spore suspension.Fruit is preserved under room temperature after handling, and observes its sickness rate and scab diameter after 4 days.
Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 at room temperature to the prevention effect of sweet cherry fruit Black Rotten and brown heart shown in Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 a shows 1 * 10
6The prevention effect of Black Rotten was similar to 50ppm stroby after individual Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 cell/ml bacterium liquid was at room temperature adopted the sweet cherry fruit, be used with 50ppm stroby, can make prevention effect strengthen about one times; Fig. 1 b shows, though 1 * 10
6Individual Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 cell/ml bacterium liquid is at room temperature adopted the prevention effect of back brown heart not as 50ppm stroby to the sweet cherry fruit, but the two is used in combination, and its prevention effect is two times of 50ppm stroby.Among Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, PM represents 1 * 10
6Individual Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 cell/ml bacterium liquid; PM+stroby represents 1 * 10
6Individual Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 cell/ml bacterium liquid+50ppm stroby; Stroby represents 50ppm stroby.
The biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention is to the prevention effect of sweet cherry fruit brown heart under embodiment 2, low temperature and the controlled atmosphere condition
Consisting of of this biological bactericide: 1 * 10
6The Pichia membranaefaciens of individual cell/ml (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 bacterium liquid and 2%NaHCO
3(PM+NaBi); Or be 1 * 10
6The Pichia membranaefaciens of individual cell/ml (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 bacterium liquid and 5mM ammonium molybdate (PM+NH
4-Mo).
Present embodiment is a test materials with sweet cherry fruit (Prunus avivum L.cv.Hongdeng).Fruit derives from Shandong.
Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 working concentration is 1 * 10
6Individual cell/ml bacterium liquid.
Pathogenic bacteria: brown rot germ (Monilinia fructicola (G.Wint.) Honey).Working concentration is 1 * 10
4Individual spore/ml spore suspension.
After stabbing, the sweet cherry fruit inoculates following treatment solution: A, Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 (PM) respectively; B, Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553+ concentration are 2% NaHCO
3(PM+NaBi); C, Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553+ concentration are the ammonium molybdate (PM+NH4-Mo) of 5mM; D, concentration are 2% NaHCO
3(NaBi); E, concentration are the ammonium molybdate (NH4-Mo) of 5mM; CK, sterilized water.Each treatment solution inoculum size is 30 μ l.Behind the 4h, inoculating 20 μ l concentration respectively is 1 * 10
4The brown rot germ spore suspension of individual/ml.Preserve respectively under low temperature and controlled atmosphere after fruit is handled, observe its sickness rate after 60 days, put under the normal temperature after then fruit being taken out under low temperature and the controlled atmosphere condition respectively, observe sickness rate after 3 days.The result is shown in Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, and Fig. 2 a shows, uses Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 (PM) or foodstuff additive NaHCO separately
3(NaBi) and ammonium molybdate (NH4-Mo), after 60 days, can significantly suppress the sweet cherry fruit and adopt the back brown heart in low temperature storage, and NaHCO
3Or ammonium molybdate has improved the protection effect of Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 significantly; But after placing 3 days at normal temperatures again, use foodstuff additive NaHCO separately
3(NaBi) or the fruit of ammonium molybdate (NH4-Mo) all fall ill, use the sickness rate of Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 also higher separately, NaHCO
3(NaBi) or ammonium molybdate (NH4-Mo) and Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 be used effect significantly better than independent use Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553.Fig. 2 b shows independent use Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 (PM) or foodstuff additive NaHCO
3(NaBi) and ammonium molybdate (NH4-Mo) no matter be storage 60 days or place at ambient temperature again and all can significantly suppress the sweet cherry fruit in 3 days and adopt the back brown heart under the controlled atmosphere condition; NaHCO
3Improved the protection effect of Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 significantly with ammonium molybdate.
The biological bactericide of control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention is adopted the prevention effect of back Black Rotten and penicilliosis under embodiment 3, the room temperature to winter-jujube fruit
Consisting of of this biological bactericide: 1 * 10
6The Pichia membranaefaciens of individual cell/ml (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 bacterium liquid and 2%Na
2SiO
3(PM+Na
2SiO
3).
Present embodiment is a test materials with winter-jujube fruit (Zizyphus jujuba cv Dongzao).Fruit derives from Shandong.
Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 working concentration is 1 * 10
6Individual cell/ml bacterium liquid.
Pathogenic bacteria: black rot (Alternaria alternata (Fr.:Fr.) Keissl) and mould germ (Penicillium expansum Link).Working concentration is 1 * 10
4Individual spore/ml spore suspension.
After stabbing, winter-jujube fruit inoculates following treatment solution respectively: A. Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 (PM); B. Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553+Na
2SiO
3(2%) (PM+Na
2SiO
3); C.Na
2SiO
3(2%); D.CK (sterilized water).Each treatment solution inoculum size is 20 μ l.Behind the 4h, inoculating 15 μ l concentration respectively is 1 * 10
4The germ spore suspension of the Black Rotten of individual/ml and penicilliosis.Fruit is preserved under room temperature after handling, and observes its sickness rate and scab diameter after 4 days.The result shows independent use Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 (PM) or Na shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b
2SiO
3Winter-jujube fruit be can effectively suppress at ambient temperature and back Black Rotten and penicilliosis adopted.Na
2SiO
3Improved the prevention effect of Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 (PM) significantly, its control rate reaches 100%.
The biological bactericide immersion treatment of embodiment 4, control postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables of the present invention is to the prevention effect of winter-jujube fruit post-harvest diseases
Consisting of of this biological bactericide: 1 * 10
6The Pichia membranaefaciens of individual cell/ml (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 bacterium liquid, 2%Na
2SiO
3With 5mM ammonium molybdate (PM+Na
2SiO
3+ NH4-Mo).
Present embodiment is a test materials with winter-jujube fruit (Zizyphus jujuba cv Dongzao).Fruit derives from Shandong.
Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 working concentration is 1 * 10
6Individual cell/ml bacterium liquid.
Winter-jujube fruit soaked 5 minutes with following treatment solution respectively: A. Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 (PM); B.2%Na
2SiO
3(Na
2SiO
3); C.5mM ammonium molybdate (NH4-Mo); D. Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553+Na
2SiO
3(2%) (PM+Na
2SiO
3); E. Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553+5mM ammonium molybdate (PM+NH4-Mo); F. Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553+Na
2SiO
3(2%)+5mM ammonium molybdate (PM+Na
2SiO
3+ NH4-Mo); G.CK (sterilized water).Fruit is preserved under room temperature after handling, and observes its sickness rate after 20 days.The result shows independent use Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1CGMCC № 0553 (PM) or Na as shown in Figure 4
2SiO
3Can effectively suppress winter-jujube fruit at ambient temperature and adopt the back penicilliosis.Na
2SiO
3Can both improve the prevention effect of Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1CGMCC № 0553 (PM) significantly with NH4-Mo.As Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1CGMCC № 0553 (PM), Na
2SiO
3When mixing use with NH4-Mo, prevention effect is best.
Claims (10)
1, Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553.
2, a kind of biological bactericide of preventing and treating postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables, its activeconstituents are Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichiamembranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553.
3, biological bactericide according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described biological bactericide also comprises assistant agent, and described assistant agent is the low dosage chemical bactericide, Na
2SiO
3At least a with in the foodstuff additive.
4, biological bactericide according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the stroby that described low dosage chemical bactericide is 20-200ppm, wear and frustrate mould or Shi Baoke.
5, biological bactericide according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described Na
2SiO
3Mass concentration be 0.1%-4%.
6, biological bactericide according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described foodstuff additive are NaHCO
3Or ammonium molybdate.
7, biological bactericide according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described NaHCO
3Mass concentration be 0.1%-4%; The volumetric molar concentration of described ammonium molybdate is 0.5mM-10mM.
8, according to any described biological bactericide of claim among the claim 2-7, it is characterized in that: the cell concentration of described Pichia membranaefaciens (Pichia membranefaciens) BAY-1 CGMCC № 0553 is 1 * 10
4One 1 * 10
9Individual cell/ml bacterium liquid.
9, according to any described biological bactericide of claim among the claim 2-7, it is characterized in that: described postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables is brown heart, Black Rotten and penicilliosis.
10, biological bactericide according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described postharvest disease of fruits and vegetables is brown heart, Black Rotten and penicilliosis.
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