CN1558180A - Catalyst for three-seven type artificial rain bomb - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to catalyst, and is especially catalyst for type-37 rain making shell to create composite artificial ice nucleus in artificial hail suppression and rain making explosion process. The catalyst includes AgI 1 g, CuCl 0.13 g and CuI 0.24 g for each shell, and is ground into powder, mixed with adhesive and pressed into cylinder, which is then filled with explosive. The catalyst has high nucleation rate and high catalytic capacity.

Description

A kind of catalyzer that is used for the three-seven type artificial rain bomb

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of catalyzer, specifically relate to a kind of artificial hail suppression (increasing rain) that is used for, produce the three-seven type artificial rain bomb catalyzer of plyability artificial-ice nucleus by blast process with high nucleation rate.

Background technology

The experimental study of carrying out weather modification both at home and abroad has the history of many decades so far.Taked different catalytic way according to the concrete condition that is affected object, but the sort of catalytic way all is a speck reason structure of attempting to change cloud, influences cloud and precipitation process, to reach the purpose that mitigation is surged.For cold cloud, all is that suitable position is sowed an amount of artificial-ice nucleus (or refrigerant) in cloud generally, and broadcast into these artificial-ice nucleuss must adapt to the requirement of different cloud conditions, with the operation effectiveness that obtains.For this reason, tens kinds of catalyzer have been developed up to now with different performance.These catalyzer mainly are to produce artificial-ice nucleus by combustion process or blast process.

For the catalyzer that produces artificial-ice nucleus by blast process, China began to utilize pseudo-ginseng antiaircraft gun iodate silver bullet to carry out weather modification catalysis operation from 1958, and what its catalyzer used is pure silver iodide.Because nucleation rate is low, four during the last ten years, and many universities and colleges, scientific research institution and ordnance factory all once carried out improving the improvement experiment of nucleation rate.Agi content is contained 4～6 grams from the bullet of whenever firing originally change to 1 gram, the filling mode of catalyzer directly installs to energy collecting type or the like from column.Though but the variation of content and fit has improved nucleation rate to a certain extent, compare still much lower with the catalyzer that produces artificial-ice nucleus by combustion process.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the low defective of catalyzer nucleation rate that the prior art blast process produces artificial-ice nucleus, thereby a kind of catalyzer that is used for the three-seven type artificial rain bomb with high nucleation rate is provided.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a kind of catalyzer that is used for the three-seven type artificial rain bomb, it comprises following component:

Silver iodide AgI 1 gram/bullet

Stannous chloride CuCl 0.13 gram/bullet

Cuprous iodide CuI 0.24 gram/bullet.

In use, each component is ground into powder.Adopt conventional method then, suitably add adhesive, be pressed into cylinder shape, the shell body of explosive of packing into centre.

Through repeatedly testing and detection shows: this prescription can be used for practical at present three-seven type antiaircraft gun, and nucleation rate improves with preceding having compared significantly, has bigger economic and social benefit.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-seven type artificial rain bomb structural representation;

Wherein: 1 flare; 2 catalyzer; 3 detonating primers; 4 detonators; 5 centrifugal alignment pins;

6 firing pins; 7 bearing bands; 8 explosives; 9 batch pans; 10 inertia firing pins;

11 detonators; 12 play cap;

Fig. 2 is that the nucleation rate TEMPERATURE SPECTROSCOPY of artificial rain bomb's catalyzer compares; Wherein curve 1 is the catalyzer of this invention, and curve 2 is the catalyzer of the practical bullet of comparative example.

Embodiment

Development seeding agent prescription has stronger specific aim, and its performance good and bad generally is at present to be criterion with the height that becomes ice efficient, and the one-tenth ice efficient that detects seeding agent all is to carry out in the cloud chamber of simulation cloud condition usually.

In order to detect the nucleation rate that is used for three-seven type artificial rain bomb's catalyzer provided by the invention, adopt same portable mixed cloud chamber, under identical explosion environment and identical trace routine, the nucleation rate of a plurality of prescriptions of containing different components and content has been carried out detecting screening.

According to the prescription that is used for three-seven type artificial rain bomb's catalyzer provided by the invention,

Silver iodide AgI 1 gram/bullet

Stannous chloride CuCl 0.13 gram/bullet

Cuprous iodide CuI 0.24 gram/bullet.

Each chemical analysis is ground into powder, under identical environment, in strict accordance with unified metering and program preparation.Pseudo-ginseng artificial rain bomb structure and catalyzer are placed the position as shown in Figure 1, and several experiment bullets that assemble are numbered 1#.Other gets the practical bullet in present outfield bullet as a comparison, and its catalyzer only contains pure silver iodide 1 gram/bullet, is numbered 2#.

In the quiet shot room of special use,, 1# and 2# experimental formula bullet are suspended on the bomb rack in explosion chamber centre according to the operational procedure of drafting.Shut protective door, the electric cap lead-in wire is moved to outside the protecting wall of the about 20m of explosion chamber.Connect power supply, ignite the experiment bullet.Behind an experiment of the every ignition bullet, be full of the flame mist in the quiet shot room at once, promptly comprising plyability artificial-ice nucleus to be detected in the flame mist.

For making the flame mist disperse evenly as far as possible, ignite the gentle breeze agitator of establishing in the startup of back and stir 30s, then, extend about 40cm extraction flame sample in the quiet shot room from sample tap with 100ml syringe and special-purpose syringe needle.For preventing to detect failure, use three or four syringes to extract the flame sample at every turn.The flame sample that every blast is one extracts twice and promptly starts exhaust blower with the whole emptyings of flame mist in the quiet shot room, and next is prepared in order to explode.

Reinjecting after the flame sample that extracts diluted activates in the cloud chamber that has supercooled fog, and the dilution number of times is by suitable field of microscope reading and the predetermined temperature simple estimation decision of activation magnitude down.After injecting the flame sample, ice-nucleus activation and absorption steam increase into ice crystal, and the quantity of ice crystal is the quantity of ice-nucleus.Adopt slide to access the method counting ice crystal number of microscope reading, reading is inserted in the appropriate cards strictly according to the facts.In the form detail record time, place, prescription number, annotate sample temperature, activation temperature, every visual field reading and weather conditions etc.

Calculate the nucleation rate of each prescription according to following formula:

$N_i=\frac{S_1{N}_0{2}^{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="10"\; label="n\; V"\; filenames="A20041003946200071.png,A20041003946200072.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}V{10}^6}{S_2\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="M\; N"\; filenames="A20041003946200072.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">M</figure-callout>}{N}_{}{}_1}$

N in the formula _iBe nucleation rate, unit is: individual/gram .AgI.S ₁Be the cloud chamber sectional area.N ₀Average reading for the every visual field of microscope.N is the dilution number of times.V is quiet shot room volume.S ₂Be the field of microscope area.M is that every experiment plays contained silver iodide quality in the catalyst formulation.N ₁Be sampling volume.

The nucleation rate of the practical bullet of 2# of 1# experiment bullet of the present invention and comparative example is recorded in table 1 respectively, these data is depicted as nucleation rate-temperature profile with special-purpose software, as shown in Figure 2.

Table 1 nucleation rate statistic record table

1# experiment bullet of the present invention		The practical bullet of the 2# of comparative example
				Subzero temperature (℃)	Nucleation rate	Subzero temperature (℃)	Nucleation rate
????14.65	??3.78E+12	????14.85	??3.86E+12
				????13.75	??1.11E+12	????11.75	??5.08E+11
????13	??6.06E+11	????11.45	??7.25E+11
				????11.8	??3.17E+11	????10.25	??5.16E+11
????11.45	??2.40E+11	????9.25	??1.15E+11
				????10.25	??6.93E+11	????8.35	??6.35E+10
????9.85	??5.17E+11	????8.3	??6.9E+10
				????8.6	??3.35E+11	????6.9	??6.35E+9
????7.75	??1.11E+11	????6.0	??5.29E+8
				????6.3	??1.90E+10	????20.4	??6.63E+12

????5.2	??7.93E+08	????19.6	??4.90E+12
				????26.9	??3.09E+13	????17.9	??4.09E+12
????24.35	??2.26E+13	????16.8	??2.01E+12
				????22.15	??6.32E+12	????15.8	??3.55E+11
????20.5	??9.44E+12	????15.65	??5.78E+11
				????19	??1.27E+13
????17.45	??3.33E+12
				????12.8	??1.62E+12
????12.35	??1.15E+12
				????10.75	??4.00E+11
????11.1	??9.93E+11

Shown by result shown in Figure 2: three-seven type artificial rain bomb catalyzer provided by the invention can produce the plyability ice-nucleus by blast process, and makes nucleation rate obtain increasing substantially.Particularly in the higher subzero temperature section of people's major concern, improved most magnitudes when only pure silver iodide being housed, also be multiplied in low-temperature zone, simultaneously threshold temperature of ice nucleation is improved.This prescription will be obtained considerable economy and society benefit if promote the use of in artificial hail-proof rain-increasing operation.At present, produce 30,000 of pseudo-ginseng artificial rain bombs by ordnance factory by prescription provided by the invention, and in the outfield operation of provinces such as Qinghai, Xinjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, used in 2003.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of catalyzer that is used for the three-seven type artificial rain bomb, it comprises following component:

Silver iodide AgI 1 gram/bullet

Stannous chloride CuCl 0.13 gram/bullet

Cuprous iodide CuI 0.24 gram/bullet.

2, the described using method that is used for three-seven type artificial rain bomb's catalyzer of a kind of claim 1, it adopts conventional method then for each component is ground into powder, and suitably adds adhesive, is pressed into cylinder shape, and the shell body of explosive of packing into centre gets final product.

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