Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that is not applicable to the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube of feed water preheater at present.
Another object of the present invention is to solve the problem that does not have to process the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube that is applicable to feed water preheater at present.
U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube among the present invention is cold rolling through annular distance pattern tool by mother tube, interference press molding radially, this U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube cross section everywhere all is the circular of sealing or approximate circle ring-type, and wall thickness is between 0.8 to 2.11 millimeter, external diameter of pipe is between 15.9 to 25.4 millimeters, and the length after described U-shaped pipe launches is between 24 to 30 meters.
Best, the wall thickness of described U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube is 0.9 ± 0.1 millimeter, and diameter is 16 ± 0.1 millimeters, and the length after the expansion is between 26 to 28 meters.
The processing technology of U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube among the present invention includes the following step:
1) preparation of mother tube;
2) by cold-rolling equipment with mother tube be cold-rolled to diameter between 32 to 45mm, the intermediate blank pipe of wall thickness between 1.8 to 3mm;
3) utilize cold-drawn or cold-rolling equipment with step 2) in the further cold-drawn of intermediate blank pipe finished or be cold-rolled to diameter between 26 to 27mm, the middle semi-finished product of wall thickness between 1.4 to 1.8mm;
4) middle semi-finished product of finishing in the step 3) is cold-rolled to wall thickness between 0.8 to 2.11 millimeter via annular distance pattern tool and cold-rolling equipment, external diameter of pipe is between 15.9 to 25.4 millimeters, the finished-product straight pipe of length between 24 to 30 meters, the specific elongation in this step between middle semi-finished product and the finished-product straight pipe reaches more than 2.5;
5) utilize multifrequency time pressure wiping technology that the finished-product straight pipe of finishing in the step 4) is deoiled and cleaning;
6) utilize bent pipe mold with in the step 5) through deoil and cleaning after finished-product straight pipe curve speciality, thin-walled, seamless U-shaped Stainless Steel Tube;
7) bend part to the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube after handling through step 6) carries out solution heat treatment.
In addition, utilize bent pipe mold in the described step 6) and adopt interference radially pressurization make through step 5) deoil and cleaning after finished-product straight pipe curve the U-shaped pipe, and be the semi-circle transition at bend part.
In addition, to deoil through described step 5) and cleaning after finished-product straight pipe carry out the molten processing of shielding gas atmosphere thermosetting, the molten processing of this shielding gas atmosphere thermosetting is adopted ammonia to decompose back nitrogen and is approximately 1: 3 mixed gas with the hydrogen volume ratio.
In addition, in the described step 5) deoil and cleaning is to adopt hairbrush and fibre cloth, and the repeatedly wiping technology that advances hairbrush and fibre cloth to pass finished-product straight pipe inside by means of the pressure of high pressure water.
In addition, described U type gapless stainless steel tube carries out acid wash passivation to elbow part after step 7) handles, and adopts promptly that concentration of nitric acid is about 12%, hydrofluoric acid concentration be about 5% mixed solution in temperature is that 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ conditions are carried out acid wash passivation and handled.
In addition, in described step 2) with step 3) after all to described intermediate blank pipe, middle straight base pipe deoil, the molten processing of thermosetting and pickling processes.
In addition, in described step 5), also can carry out solution heat treatment to finished-product straight pipe.
U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube among the present invention is mainly used in the feed water preheater in the power station steam turbine subsidiary engine, have small-bore, speciality, tube wall is thin and evenly reach bend part is features such as semi-circle transition, not only improve pipe quality, and met the usage requirement of feed water preheater fully.
The present invention is owing to adopted the cold rolling mill of lengthening and special annular distance pattern tool, and the cold rolling finished-product straight pipe that goes out to have speciality, the thin feature of wall, and through multiple tracks deoil, after the heat treatment, pickling processes again through bend pipe mould and adopt interference radially pressurization be bent into the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube, this U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube has inwall cleaning, non-oxidation, bend part does not have cold working stress and the remaining chloride of inner and outer surface is no more than 10.7mg/m
2Etc. advantage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment among the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 2, U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube 1 is mainly used in feed water preheater among the present invention, and the wall thickness after it is shaped is between 0.8 to 2.11 millimeter, and external diameter of pipe is between 15.9 to 25.4 millimeters, and the length after described U-shaped pipe launches is between 24 to 30 meters.
And adopt week more accurate technology can make the back U type gapless stainless steel tube that is shaped wall thickness between 0.9 to 1.8 millimeter, external diameter of pipe is between 16 to 19 millimeters, the length after described U-shaped pipe launches is between 25 to 30 meters.Also can make wall thickness between 0.9 to 1.0 millimeter, external diameter of pipe is between 16 to 17 millimeters, and the length after described U-shaped pipe launches is between 26 to 28 meters.But preferably wall thickness is 0.9 ± 0.1 millimeter, and external diameter of pipe is 16 ± 0.1 millimeters, launches small-bore, thin-walled, the speciality straight tube of back length between 26 to 28 meters.
It is that 16 ± 0.1mm, wall thickness are 0.9 ± 0.1mm, launch small-bore, thin-walled, the speciality U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube of back length between 26 to 28 meters that desire is made diameter among the present invention, can adopt following various embodiments to finish.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, make small-bore, thin-walled, speciality U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube comprises the following steps:
1) pipe of Φ 80 * 6.5 is bored a hole and the pickling de-scaling is handled, make mother tube;
2) by cold-rolling equipment mother tube is cold-rolled to the intermediate blank pipe that diameter is 38 ± 4mm, the wall thickness of this intermediate blank pipe is 2.5 ± 0.5mm;
3) to the intermediate blank pipe with modes such as deoiling in the present cold-rolling process, intermediate heat-treatment, aligning and pickling deoil, intermediate heat-treatment and pickling processes;
4) further utilize LG60 or LG30 cold rolling mill with step 2) in the intermediate blank pipe finished to be cold-rolled to diameter be 26 ± 1mm, wall thickness is the middle semi-finished product of 1.6 ± 0.2mm;
5) to middle semifinished tube with modes such as deoiling in the present cold-rolling process, intermediate heat-treatment, aligning and pickling deoil, intermediate heat-treatment and pickling processes;
6) it is that 16 ± 0.1mm, thickness are 0.9 ± 0.1mm, the finished-product straight pipe of length between 24 meters to 30 meters that will be through step 4) cold rolling and after step 5) is handled middle semi-finished product repeatedly back and forth is cold-rolled to diameter via annular distance pattern tool and cold-rolling equipment, and the specific elongation in this step between middle semi-finished product and the finished-product straight pipe reaches more than 2.5;
7) utilize multifrequency time pressure wiping technology that the finished-product straight pipe of finishing in the step 6) is deoiled and cleaning, this deoils and the cleaning process adopts hairbrush and fibre cloth, and advance hairbrush and fibre cloth to pass finished-product straight pipe inside by means of the high pressure water of pressure between 1.1 to 1.6MPa, after repeatedly (can be twice) repeats, can wipe the greasy dirt of finished-product straight pipe inside, guarantee high cleanliness requirement small-bore, speciality pipe inner tube wall;
8) in the step 7) through deoil and cleaning after finished-product straight pipe carry out the molten processing of shielding gas atmosphere thermosetting, the molten processing of this shielding gas atmosphere thermosetting is to adopt ammonia to decompose back nitrogen to be approximately 1: 3 mixed gas with the hydrogen volume ratio, has guaranteed the photometric brightness of steel pipe inner and outer surface;
9) utilize bent pipe mold and adopt interference radially pressurization the finished-product straight pipe after the shielding gas atmosphere solution heat treatment in the step 8) is curved speciality, thin-walled, seamless U-shaped Stainless Steel Tube;
10) bend part to the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube after handling through the step 9) bend pipe carries out solution heat treatment, this solution heat treatment adopts intermediate frequency contact-type heating plant (to adopt commercially available equipment, as model is RCWE) local solution heat treatment is carried out at the return bend position, because this solution heat treatment is to bend the cold working stress that produces when being shaped in order to eliminate steel pipe, therefore general only the need handled the less U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube of bending radius, and in order to reduce the electric arc burn rate of contacting point, the general temperature of handling is controlled between 1040 ℃ to 1100 ℃, simultaneously during heating and cooling, tube cavity feeds argon gas, to prevent the oxidation of tube wall heating-up zone, the performance of protection steel pipe;
11) bend part to the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube after the molten processing of step 10) thermosetting carries out the acid wash passivation processing, adopt during this acid wash passivation is handled that concentration of nitric acid is 12%, hydrofluoric acid concentration is 5% mixed solution, and in temperature is to carry out under 50 ℃ to the 60 ℃ conditions, the oxidation that outer surface produces during with the heat treatment of removing bend part, thus make finished product.
In this embodiment one, step 1) to step 5) all adopts the technology of existing Stainless Steel Tube cold-rolling treatment.
The cold-rolling equipment that step 6) adopts in the present embodiment is existing LG30 cold rolling mill, but the support of cold rolling mill rear portion feeder and loading and unloading has been made lengthening to be improved, because this technology can just can realize without any creative work to those skilled in the art, no longer this cold-rolling equipment is elaborated for this reason.As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the mould that is used for cold rolling finished-product straight pipe adopts annular distance pattern tool, this annular distance pattern tool includes one group of opposed roll 20 and can penetrate the middle plug (not shown) of middle semi-finished product, wherein be provided with the perforation 21 that is connected with cold-rolling equipment in the middle of the roll 20, be used to roll the groove 22 that is set to the product straight tube and be provided with one in the wheel periphery, when fastening, 2 pairs of postpones of two rolls, two grooves 22 are a circle, and the groove diameter in finished-product straight pipe outlet port is the external diameter of pipe of finished-product straight pipe, and the working position of plug is a taper, minimum diameter is the bore of finished-product straight pipe, and wherein an end of plug is directly fixed on the cold-rolling equipment when mounted.Wherein the diameter of plug and roll further groove all reduces by a certain percentage in proper order, and this annular distance pattern tool carries out reciprocating type cold rolling to steel pipe.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, in the present embodiment interference radially pressurization adopt the mode of clod wash, afterwards produce the phenomenon that wrinkle and collapsible tube appear in bounce-back and short-radius bend inboard in order to prevent to bend, mould 3 is made the radius of circle radius less than the back bend part that is shaped, and when being shaped, adopt pressuring method, produce predeformation before making steel tube bending, with being of the required size of assurance pipe bounce-back back bend part, and the pipe that forms that bends has advantages such as surface flatness is good, wrinkle resistant line after adopting this mould and pressuring method.
Embodiment two
Make small-bore, thin-walled, speciality U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube comprises the following steps:
1) pipe of Φ 65 * 6 is bored a hole and the pickling de-scaling is handled, make mother tube;
2) by cold-rolling equipment mother tube is cold-rolled to the intermediate blank pipe that diameter is 40 ± 5mm, the wall thickness of this intermediate blank pipe is 2.3 ± 0.5mm;
3) further utilize drawbench with step 2) in the intermediate blank pipe finished be cold drawing to diameter between 25 to 27mm, the middle semi-finished product of wall thickness between 1.4 to 1.6mm;
4) will be cold-rolled to diameter via annular distance pattern tool and cold-rolling equipment through the middle semi-finished product after the step 3) cold-drawn is that 160.1mm, thickness are 0.9 ± 0.1mm, the finished-product straight pipe of length between 24 meters to 30 meters, and the specific elongation in this step between middle semi-finished product and the finished-product straight pipe reaches more than 2.5;
5) utilize multifrequency time pressure wiping technology that the finished-product straight pipe of finishing in the step 4) is deoiled and cleaning, this deoils and the cleaning process adopts hairbrush and fibre cloth, and advance hairbrush and fibre cloth to pass finished-product straight pipe inside by means of the high pressure water of pressure between 1.1 to 1.6MPa, after repeatedly (can be twice) repeats, can wipe the greasy dirt of finished-product straight pipe inside, guarantee high cleanliness requirement small-bore, the speciality inner tube wall;
6) to deoil through step 5) and cleaning after finished-product straight pipe carry out the molten processing of shielding gas atmosphere thermosetting, the molten processing of this shielding gas atmosphere thermosetting is to adopt ammonia to decompose back nitrogen to be approximately 1: 3 mixed gas with the hydrogen volume ratio, has guaranteed the photometric brightness of steel pipe inner and outer surface;
7) utilize bent pipe mold and adopt interference radially pressurization the finished-product straight pipe after the atmosphere solution heat treatment in the step 6) is curved speciality, thin-walled, seamless U-shaped Stainless Steel Tube;
8) bend part to the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube after handling through the step 7) bend pipe carries out solution heat treatment; intermediate frequency contact-type heating plant is adopted in this solution heat treatment; because this solution heat treatment is to bend the cold working stress that produces when being shaped in order to eliminate steel pipe; therefore general only the need handled the less U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube of bending radius; and in order to reduce the electric arc burn rate of contacting point; the general temperature of handling is controlled between 1040 ℃ to 1100 ℃; simultaneously during heating and cooling; tube cavity feeds argon gas; to prevent the oxidation of tube wall heating-up zone, the performance of protection steel pipe.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 1, make small-bore, thin-walled, speciality U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube comprises the following steps:
Step 1) to 5) identical with embodiment one;
Step 6) is that middle semi-finished product cold rolling through step 4) and after step 5) is handled is cold-rolled to diameter via annular distance pattern tool and cold-rolling equipment is that 16 ± 0.1mm, thickness are 0.9 ± 0.1mm, the finished-product straight pipe of length between 24 meters to 30 meters, and the specific elongation in this step between middle semi-finished product and the finished-product straight pipe reaches more than 2.5;
Step 7) utilizes multifrequency time pressure wiping technology that the finished-product straight pipe of finishing in the step 6) is deoiled and cleaning, this deoils and the cleaning process adopts hairbrush and fibre cloth, and advance hairbrush and fibre cloth to pass finished-product straight pipe inside by means of the high pressure water of pressure between 1.1 to 1.6MPa, after repeatedly (can be twice) repeats, can wipe the greasy dirt of finished-product straight pipe inside, guarantee high cleanliness requirement small-bore, speciality pipe inner tube wall;
Step 8) utilize bent pipe mold and adopt interference radially pressurization with in the step 7) through deoil and cleaning after finished-product straight pipe curve speciality, thin-walled, seamless U-shaped Stainless Steel Tube;
Step 9) is carried out solution heat treatment to the bend part of the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube after handling through the step 8) bend pipe, this solution heat treatment adopts intermediate frequency contact-type heating plant that local solution heat treatment is carried out at the return bend position, because this solution heat treatment is to bend the cold working stress that produces when being shaped in order to eliminate steel pipe, therefore general only the need handled the less U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube of bending radius, and in order to reduce the electric arc burn rate of contacting point, the general temperature of handling is controlled between 1040 ℃ to 1100 ℃, simultaneously during heating and cooling, tube cavity feeds argon gas, to prevent the oxidation of tube wall heating-up zone, the performance of protection steel pipe;
Step 10) is carried out the acid wash passivation processing to the bend part of the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube after the molten processing of step 9) thermosetting, adopt during this acid wash passivation is handled that concentration of nitric acid is 12%, hydrofluoric acid concentration is 5% mixed solution, and in temperature is to carry out under 50 ℃ to the 60 ℃ conditions, the oxidation that outer surface produces during with the heat treatment of removing bend part.
In sum, the U-shaped gapless stainless steel tube through adopting above-mentioned technology to make meets the usage requirement of feed water preheater, and has more performance.
In addition; though above-mentioned a plurality of preferred embodiments among the present invention are described; but can not be as protection scope of the present invention; promptly should be understood that to those skilled in the art; do not breaking away from variation and the modification that to make equivalence under the design spirit of the present invention to it; therefore, every not breaking away from the equivalence variation of having done under the design spirit of the present invention and modification, all should think to fall into protection scope of the present invention.