CN1550562A - Free machining steel for machine structural use having improved chip disposability - Google Patents
Free machining steel for machine structural use having improved chip disposability Download PDFInfo
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- CN1550562A CN1550562A CNA200410034730XA CN200410034730A CN1550562A CN 1550562 A CN1550562 A CN 1550562A CN A200410034730X A CNA200410034730X A CN A200410034730XA CN 200410034730 A CN200410034730 A CN 200410034730A CN 1550562 A CN1550562 A CN 1550562A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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Abstract
Disclosed is a free machining steel for machine structural use, which can realize very good chip disposability without incorporation of any harmful material such as lead (Pb). This free machining steel is a hot rolled or hot forged free machining steel having improved chip disposability. The free machining steel comprises, by mass, carbon (C): 0.01 to 0.70%, silicon (Si): 0.05 to 2.00%, manganese (Mn): 0.20 to 3.50%, calcium (Ca): 0.0003 to 0.01%, sulfur (S): 0.020 to 0.300%, aluminum (Al): 0.002 to 0.300%, nitrogen (N): 0.003 to 0.035%, and oxygen (O): 0.0010 to 0.0080% with the balance consisting of iron (Fe) and unavoidable impurities. The steel comprises sulfides having the major axis of from 0.5 mum to 20 mum, exclusive, and comprising MnS as the main component, in a number of not less than 30% of the total number of sulfides. The steel also comprises oxide inclusions having the major axis of from 0.5 mum to 50 mum, exclusive, and being present either together with sulfides or singly, in a number of not less than 10 per mm<2>of the inspection area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly comprise the various machine construction free-cutting steels that are used to reduce the free machining material of cutting cost, and relate to a kind of free-cutting steel that is used to comprise the parts of trolley part particularly.
Background technology
At present, the machine construction steel at the parts that are used for comprising trolley part has added various free machining materials to reduce cost.The representative example of these free-cutting steels comprises Ledloy Free Cutting Steel, (again) vulcanization easy cutting steel, (adding) calcium deoxidation free-cutting steel and by being used in combination complexity/polynary free-cutting steel that above-mentioned free machining material is made.
Wherein, the use of Ledloy Free Cutting Steel is the most general, because compare with basic steel, the more difficult decline that causes mechanical property of Ledloy Free Cutting Steel, and improving machinability especially cutter life or the effect on the smear metal handlability (disposability) during the slow cutting is good.Yet people have made the whole world trend towards reducing the amount that is used in the harmful lead in the steel to the growing interest of environmental problem in recent years.This causes again the demand of developing the free-cutting steel that substitutes Ledloy Free Cutting Steel is increased day by day.
Can consider will (again) vulcanization easy cutting steel as one of free-cutting steel of the surrogate that can be used as Ledloy Free Cutting Steel.But, in (again) vulcanization easy cutting steel,, add the anisotropy that a large amount of sulphur has strengthened mechanical property unfriendly because sulphur is present in the steel with the form along the MnS inclusion (inclusion) of rolling direction elongation.
Calcium deoxidation free-cutting steel is a kind of by add low melting point oxide CaO-Al in steel
2O
3-SiO
2And improve the steel of its machinability.Realize this machinability by such principle, promptly above-mentioned oxide compound forms one deck and prevents the protective membrane that smear metal and cutter directly contact on the edge of a knife of cutter.But, in calcium deoxidation free-cutting steel, can only for example cut at higher speed and could obtain this effect during sintered carbide/inserted tool cutting.
The leading ternary of also using lead, sulphur and calcium under the combined form to be included in is wherein easily cut (alloy) steel.Leading ternary free-cutting steel has extraordinary machinability, and still, on the other hand, it can not overcome the defective in Ledloy Free Cutting Steel and (again) vulcanization easy cutting steel.
Japanese Patent No.1981560, Japanese laid-open publication No.350065/1999 and Japanese laid-open publication No.34538/2000 disclose the steel of the calcium that has wherein added the mechanical property that is used to improve (again) vulcanization easy cutting steel.In addition, in this case, with hard Al
2O
3Be converted into CaO-Al
2O
3Or at Al
2O
3Last covering sulfide it is said that can to make steel innoxious.Japanese laid-open publication No.145889/1994 discloses by adding six side BN, CaO-Al
2O
3Improve the steel of its machinability with Ca-Mn-S.In these cases, compare, on anisotropy of mechanical properties, can reduce deterioration degree by the shape of control sulfide with basic steel.But, can not under various machining conditions, all obtain gratifying result on the machinability.At present, especially as the smear metal handlability of the most important performance of the instead of steel of Ledloy Free Cutting Steel, can not always reach the level of leaded steel.
Japanese laid-open publication No.180184/2002 disclose its machinability-mainly be drilling life of bit-and intensity anisotropy by the granularity (size) of adjusting sulfide improved structure iron.But with regard to its smear metal handlability, the structure iron of being advised is not the steel that can be used as the surrogate of the Ledloy Free Cutting Steel with satisfactory performance far also.
Summary of the invention
The inventor finds now, in hot rolling with predetermined composition or forge hot steel, quantity by adjusting the sulfide that mainly comprises the MnS with predetermined particle size and have the quantity of the oxide inclusion of predetermined particle size, it is for example plumbous and realize extraordinary smear metal handlability not add hazardous material.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of machine construction free-cutting steel, this steel can be realized extraordinary smear metal handlability, and need not add for example lead of any hazardous material.
According to the present invention, a kind of free-cutting steel with smear metal handlability of improvement is provided, wherein, this steel is through hot rolling or forge hot and comprise the material that its mass percent is as follows:
Carbon (C): 0.01% to 0.70%,
Silicon (Si): 0.05% to 2.00%,
Manganese (Mn): 0.20% to 3.50%,
Calcium (Ca): 0.0003% to 0.01%,
Sulphur (S): 0.020% to 0.300%,
Aluminium (Al): 0.002% to 0.300%,
Nitrogen (N): 0.003% to 0.035% and
Oxygen (O): 0.0010% to 0.0080%,
All the other compositions comprise iron (Fe) and unavoidable impurities,
Wherein, this ladle contains and has more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the major axis of 20 μ m and comprise the sulfide of MnS as main component, the quantity of these sulfide be no less than sulfide total quantity 30% and
Wherein, this ladle contain have more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the major axis of 50 μ m and with the oxide inclusion of sulfide coexistence or Individual existence, the quantity of this oxide inclusion in every square millimeter of area of detection is no less than 10.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also comprise the element that has following mass percent by one or more that select in the following element according to free-cutting steel of the present invention, chromium (Cr): 0.20% to 2.50%, molybdenum (Mo): 0.05% to 1.50%, nickel (Ni): 0.05% to 3.50%, vanadium (V): 0.01% to 0.50%, niobium (Nb): 0.01% to 0.10%, and titanium (Ti): 0.01% to 0.50%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also comprise the element that has following mass percent by one or more that select in the following element according to free-cutting steel of the present invention, magnesium (Mg): 0.0003% to 0.01%, zirconium (Zr): 0.0005% to 0.30%, bismuth (Bi): 0.01% to 0.30%, and boron (B): 0.0003% to 0.015%.
Embodiment
The restriction machine construction with smear metal handlability of improvement the according to the present invention reason of each component of free-cutting steel will be described below.In the chemical ingredients of this steel, " % " represents mass percent.
Carbon (C) is a kind of element that is added into the intensity of guaranteeing steel.When the content of carbon less than 0.01% the time, the intensity of steel is not satisfied.On the other hand, when the content of carbon surpasses 0.70%, the toughness variation of steel.Therefore, the carbon content according to steel of the present invention is limited in 0.01% to 0.70%.
Silicon (Si) is a kind of being added into during making steel to be used for deoxidation and to guarantee the element of the intensity of steel.When the content of silicon less than 0.05% the time, can not obtain gratifying deoxidation effect.On the other hand, when the content of silicon surpasses 2.00%, the hot workability variation.Therefore, the silicone content according to steel of the present invention is limited in 0.05% to 2.00%.
Manganese (Mn) is a kind of being added into to improve the element of hardenability/hardening capacity.In addition, manganese is a kind ofly to form a kind of essential element that is used to improve the sulfide of machinability with sulphur.And MnS can also suppress the alligatoring of austenite crystal effectively with thinning microstructure.Yet, when the content of manganese less than 0.20% the time, desired result is little.On the other hand, when the content of manganese surpasses 3.50%, workability deteriorates.Therefore, the content of manganese is limited in 0.20% to 3.50%.
Calcium (Ca) have by control sulfide shape improve anisotropic effect.In addition, calcium can improve the smear metal handlability.And calcium can deposit one on cutter (Mn, Ca) S and AlN protective membrane are to prolong the work-ing life of cutter.In addition, calcium can form the oxide compound of a calcium to improve the smear metal handlability.Can be no less than 0.0003% by adding content, preferably be no less than 0.001% calcium and obtain above-mentioned effect.When calcium contents surpassed 0.01%, effect reached capacity.And in this case, the interpolation of the calcium rate of producing effects descends.Therefore, be limited in 0.0003% to 0.01% according to the calcium contents in the steel of the present invention.
Sulphur (S) has and forms for example MnS and (Mn, Ca) S is to improve the effect of machinability of sulfide.When steel is heated to 1000 ℃ or above when carrying out hot-work, these sulfide can suppress the alligatoring of austenite crystal.When steel according to the present invention was used as microalloyed steel, sulphur can advantageously improve the toughness of steel.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, the content of sulphur should be no less than 0.020%, preferably is no less than 0.050%.Yet, when the content of sulphur surpasses 0.300%, since the stress concentration effect of sulfide, the toughness variation.Therefore, in steel according to the present invention, the content of sulphur is limited in 0.020% to 0.300%.
Aluminium (Al) is the same with silicon to be added into deoxidation during making steel.The composite oxides that deoxidation produces can improve the smear metal handlability effectively.In addition, aluminium is formed with the AlN that helps refine austenite crystal grain.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, aluminium content should be no less than 0.002%.Add-on causes forming the toughness of destruction steel and the aluminum oxide of machinability more than 0.300% aluminium.Therefore, in steel according to the present invention, the content of aluminium is limited in 0.002% to 0.300%, is preferably 0.003% to 0.015%.
Nitrogen (N) is added into to improve the toughness of steel.In addition, the nitrogen nitride AlN for example that forms refine austenite crystal grain effectively.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, the content of nitrogen should be no less than 0.003%.When the amount of the nitrogen that adds more than 0.035% the time, described effect reaches capacity.Therefore, in steel according to the present invention, the content of nitrogen is limited in 0.003% to 0.035%, is preferably 0.005% to 0.020%.
Oxygen (O) forms a kind of oxide compound of guaranteeing machinability effectively and also using the nuclear of the sulfide that acts on fine dispersion.In order to obtain above-mentioned effect, the content of oxygen should be no less than 0.0010%.When the content of oxygen more than 0.0080% the time, mechanical property descends.Therefore, in steel according to the present invention, the content of oxygen is limited in 0.0010% to 0.0080%, is preferably 0.0015% to 0.0050%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also comprise 0.20% to 2.50% chromium (Cr) according to steel of the present invention.The effect and the manganese of chromium are similar.That is to say that chromium is a kind of element that improves hardenability and improve intensity.When the content of chromium less than 0.20% the time, desired result is little.On the other hand, when the content of chromium more than 2.50% the time, expense increases.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also comprise 0.05% to 1.50% molybdenum (Mo) according to steel of the present invention.The effect and the chromium of molybdenum are similar.That is to say that molybdenum is a kind of element that improves hardenability and improve intensity.When the content of molybdenum less than 0.05% the time, desired result is little.On the other hand, when the content of molybdenum more than 1.50% the time, expense increases.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also comprise 0.05% to 3.50% nickel (Ni) according to steel of the present invention.The effect and the molybdenum of nickel are similar.That is to say that nickel is a kind of element that improves hardenability and improve intensity.When the content of nickel less than 0.05% the time, desired result is little.On the other hand, when the content of nickel more than 3.50% the time, expense increases.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also comprise 0.01% to 0.50% vanadium according to steel of the present invention, 0.01% to 0.10% niobium and/or 0.01% to 0.50% titanium.Vanadium, niobium and titanium form tiny carboritride in steel, and these precipitation/precipitates (precipitate) refine austenite crystal grain and improve the toughness of steel during hot-work.In addition, can play the effect of the intensity of improving steel by these sedimentary dispersion-strengtheneds or precipitation hardening.For vanadium, niobium and titanium, no more than 0.01% the time when their content, can not obtain this effect.When content was excessive, toughness reduced.Therefore, the upper limit of content of vanadium is 0.50%, and the upper limit of content of niobium is 0.10%, and the upper limit of titanium content is 0.50%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also comprise 0.0003% to 0.01% magnesium according to steel of the present invention, 0.0005% to 0.30% zirconium, 0.01% to 0.30% bismuth, and/or 0.0003% to 0.015% boron.Magnesium exists as the form of calcium with a kind of sulfide or oxide compound with zirconium, bismuth Individual existence or with other inclusion and deposit, and boron exists with a kind of nitride form.These elements that exist with above-mentioned each form have further improved the smear metal handlability according to steel of the present invention.Magnesium and zirconium all are the elements that is used to control the shape of sulfide, and all have the mechanical anisotropic effect of improvement.When the content of magnesium less than 0.0003% the time, when the content of zirconium less than 0.0005% the time, when the content of bismuth less than 0.01% the time, and when the content of boron less than 0.0003% the time, above-mentioned effect is not satisfied.On the other hand, when the content of magnesium more than 0.01% the time, when the content of zirconium more than 0.30% the time, when the content of bismuth more than 0.30% the time, and when the content of boron more than 0.015% the time, above-mentioned effect reaches capacity, and causes expense to increase.
Free-cutting steel according to the present invention is a kind of hot rolling or forge hot free-cutting steel with above-mentioned chemical ingredients, wherein, this ladle contains and has more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the major axis of 20 μ m and comprise the sulfide of MnS as main component, the quantity of this MnS be no less than sulfide total quantity 30%, and wherein, this ladle contain have more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the open interval major axis of 50 μ m and with the oxide inclusion of sulfide coexistence or Individual existence, the quantity of this oxide inclusion in every square millimeter of area of detection is no less than 10.Above-mentioned composition can provide the machine construction free-cutting steel that a kind of its mechanical property and Ledloy Free Cutting Steel are suitable substantially, machinability is good and especially its smear metal handlability is suitable with leaded steel.
Can consider to obtain the effect of improving of this machinability by following principle.But, should be noted that following explanation is based on a hypothesis, and the invention is not restricted to this hypothesis.At first, when cutting machine construction according to the present invention when use free-cutting steel, the inclusion of forming at MnS than volume particle size with the above major axis of 20 μ m be easy to generate crackle on every side.Have more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and during less than a large amount of thin sulfide of the major axis of 20 μ m (quantity of these sulfide be no less than all sulfide 30%), these sulfide have quickened the expansion of sulfide crackle effectively when existing near this crackle.In this case, only little by the effect of sulfide acquisition.But when having when being no less than 10 more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the quantity of oxide inclusion in every square millimeter of area of detection of the major axis of 50 μ m, the expansion of smear metal crackle is accelerated greatly, thus the smear metal handlability that is improved.
Can be with following method production according to free-cutting steel of the present invention.Particularly, in steelmaking process,, also the dissolved oxygen level is adjusted to the value between 15ppm and the 90ppm, adds calcium then by utilizing aluminium and silicon to carry out deoxidation except traditional adjustment to chemical ingredients.After this, steel is carried out hot rolling or forge hot.Thereby the product made from steel that acquisition has above-mentioned chemical ingredients, wherein, this ladle contains and has more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the major axis of 20 μ m and comprise the sulfide of MnS as main component, the quantity of these sulfide be no less than sulfide total quantity 30%, and wherein, this ladle contain have more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the major axis of 50 μ m and with the oxide inclusion of sulfide coexistence or Individual existence, the quantity of this oxide inclusion in every square millimeter of area of detection is no less than 10.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, can also comprise CaO and Al according to the oxide compound in the steel of the present invention
2O
3In addition, form the impurity element of ability or for example MgO, MnO, the SiO that alloying element forms by having high oxide
2, TiO
2, ZrO
2With REM oxide compound and the coexistence of above-mentioned oxide compound.
Example
Following example further illustrates the present invention but is not limited to the present invention.
Produce the various steel No.1 to No.20 of the 100kg with the chemical ingredients shown in the table 1 by the fusion operation in vacuum melting furnace.These steel ingots of producing with traditional technology are by forging into the bar steel that diameter is 45mm under 1200 ℃.
Table 1
(quality %)
| ??No. | Classification | ??C | ??Si | ??Mn | ??Ca | ??S | ??Al | ??N | ??O | Other |
| ??1 | The steel of invention | ??0.42 | ??0.14 | ??0.82 | ??0.0023 | ??0.058 | ??0.005 | ??0.012 | ??0.0018 | ????- |
| ??2 | ??0.35 | ??0.25 | ??2.14 | ??0.0030 | ??0.030 | ??0.024 | ??0.016 | ??0.0033 | ????Mg：0.0012 | |
| ??3 | ??0.44 | ??0.08 | ??0.97 | ??0.0012 | ??0.082 | ??0.015 | ??0.008 | ??0.0049 | ????Cr：1.15 | |
| ??4 | ??0.20 | ??0.26 | ??0.81 | ??0.0056 | ??0.061 | ??0.009 | ??0.015 | ??0.0012 | ????Mo：1.25 | |
| ??5 | ??0.53 | ??0.39 | ??0.46 | ??0.0045 | ??0.132 | ??0.008 | ??0.010 | ??0.0029 | ????V：0.25 | |
| ??6 | ??0.41 | ??0.22 | ??0.92 | ??0.0019 | ??0.055 | ??0.002 | ??0.013 | ??0.0052 | ????Nb：0.03 | |
| ??7 | ??0.21 | ??0.10 | ??0.89 | ??0.0026 | ??0.034 | ??0.017 | ??0.004 | ??0.0019 | ????Ti：0.11 | |
| ??8 | ??0.16 | ??0.23 | ??2.03 | ??0.0028 | ??0.068 | ??0.025 | ??0.012 | ??0.0025 | ????Zr：0.045 | |
| ??9 | ??0.14 | ??0.35 | ??2.21 | ??0.0011 | ??0.081 | ??0.009 | ??0.019 | ??0.0018 | ????Mg：0.005 | |
| ??10 | ??0.15 | ??0.23 | ??1.47 | ??0.0012 | ??0.120 | ??0.026 | ??0.013 | ??0.0033 | ????Zr：0.030 | |
| ??11 | ??0.45 | ??0.75 | ??1.09 | ??0.0076 | ??0.103 | ??0.015 | ??0.006 | ??0.0048 | ????Bi：0.10 | |
| ??12 | ??0.44 | ??0.31 | ??0.98 | ??0.0031 | ??0.072 | ??0.020 | ??0.009 | ??0.0055 | ????Ni：0.28 | |
| ??13 | ??0.48 | ??0.42 | ??0.87 | ??0.0022 | ??0.096 | ??0.019 | ??0.022 | ??0.0068 | ????B：0.0013 | |
| ??14 | Compared steel | ? 1.02 | ??0.25 | ??0.76 | ??0.0035 | ??0.071 | ??0.023 | ??0.014 | ??0.0010 | ????- |
| ??15 | ??0.05 | ??1.39 | ? 3.61 | ??0.0029 | ??0.032 | ??0.012 | ??0.009 | ??0.0028 | ????- | |
| ??16 | ??0.21 | ??0.56 | ??1.59 | ? 0.0001 | ??0.057 | ? 0.588 | ??0.007 | ??0.0015 | ??? Pb：0.06 | |
| ??17 | ??0.43 | ??0.32 | ??0.93 | ??0.0018 | ??0.120 | ??0.015 | ??0.020 | ? 0.0005 | ??? Mo：2.2 | |
| ??18 | ??0.54 | ??0.26 | ??0.62 | ??0.0098 | ??0.026 | ??0.025 | ??0.011 | ??0.0033 | ??? Ti：0.66 | |
| ??19 | ??0.47 | ??0.28 | ??0.88 | ??0.0037 | ? 0.005 | ??0.021 | ??0.016 | ??0.0026 | ??? Pb：0.15 | |
| ??20 | ??0.33 | ? 2.11 | ??0.68 | ??0.0014 | ??0.023 | ??0.004 | ? 0.048 | ??0.0031 | ????- |
*Value beyond the scope of the invention has underscore
In table 1, the component beyond the scope of the invention in the compared steel has underscore.
Subsequently, forging bar steel quenched and tempering be adjusted to 25 ± 2HRC with hardness with all steel.
Steel to such acquisition carries out following 1 to 3 measurement.
Measure 1
Tested steel is carried out mirror polish, and taking granularity with the opticmicroscope of 400 x magnifications then is 1mm
2Inclusion.Measure 1mm with image dissector
2The major axis and the quantity of all interior sulfide.From measuring result, extract mainly to comprise to have and be not less than 0.5 μ m and less than the quantity of the little sulfide of the MnS of the major axis of 20 μ m.Can calculate the quantity per-cent of little sulfide according to following equation.
(the quantity per-cent of little sulfide)=(quantity of little sulfide/sulfide total quantity) * 100
Measure 2
It is 1mm that its granularity is provided
2The light micrograph of inclusion with by utilizing tonal difference between the inclusion to distinguish oxide compound and mainly comprise the sulfide of MnS, and utilize an image processor measurement to have one to be not less than 0.5 μ m and less than the quantity of the oxide compound of the granularity of 50 μ m.
Measure 3
With JIS P 20 (a kind of cutting of edge of a knife radius=0.4mm) make with sintered carbide/inserted tool with following condition turning tested steel:
Cutting speed: 150 meters/minute (m/min)
Speed of feed: 0.1 millimeter/change (mm/rev)
Depth of cut: 0.5 millimeter (mm)
In turning operation, collect smear metal, and to carrying out visual counting as the quantity (smear metal handlability index) of the smear metal in every gram of the evaluation number of smear metal handlability.
At every kind of steel, the result who measures 1 to 3 gained is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
| ????No. | Classification | The quantity of little sulfide (every mm 2) | The total quantity of sulfide (every mm 2) | The ratio of little sulfide quantity (%) | The quantity of oxide compound (every mm 2) | Smear metal handlability index *(smear metal in every gram) |
| ????1 | The steel of invention | ????120 | ????258 | ????46.5 | ????75 | ????18 |
| ????2 | ????56 | ????184 | ????30.4 | ????89 | ????23 | |
| ????3 | ????211 | ????674 | ????31.3 | ????176 | ????25 | |
| ????4 | ????328 | ????787 | ????41.7 | ????32 | ????21 | |
| ????5 | ????453 | ????598 | ????75.8 | ????55 | ????24 | |
| ????6 | ????449 | ????864 | ????52.0 | ????76 | ????32 | |
| ????7 | ????235 | ????457 | ????51.4 | ????246 | ????35 | |
| ????8 | ????567 | ????891 | ????63.6 | ????91 | ????32 | |
| ????9 | ????514 | ????690 | ????74.5 | ????123 | ????41 | |
| ????10 | ????1398 | ????1758 | ????79.5 | ????110 | ????25 | |
| ????11 | ????1096 | ????1897 | ????57.B | ????564 | ????36 | |
| ????12 | ????435 | ????576 | ????75.5 | ????741 | ????43 | |
| ????13 | ????512 | ????789 | ????64.9 | ????905 | ????27 | |
| ????14 | Compared steel | ????68 | ????346 | ??? 19.7 | ????12 | ??? 8 |
| ????15 | ????251 | ????576 | ??? 43.6 | ????23 | ??? 9 | |
| ????16 | ????234 | ????467 | ????50.1 | ??? 8 | ????25 | |
| ????17 | ????689 | ????981 | ????70.2 | ??? 4 | ??? 1 | |
| ????18 | ????35 | ????167 | ??? 21.0 | ??? 34 | ??? 2 | |
| ????19 | ????21 | ????98 | ??? 21.4 | ????25 | ????31 | |
| ????20 | ????123 | ????244 | ????50.4 | ????51 | ??? 7 |
*Number of chips in every gram (smear metal is counted in a successive smear metal)
*Value beyond the scope of the invention and underscore is arranged less than 10 smear metal handlability testing data
Steel 1 to 13 within the scope of the present invention.Ratio according to the little sulfide in the steel of the present invention is no less than 30%, and the quantity of oxide compound is no less than 10/mm
2
For steel of the present invention, smear metal handlability index is at least 10 smear metal/grams, yet, for contrast material, i.e. Nos.14,15,17,18 and 20, smear metal handlability index is less than 10 smear metal/grams.For Nos.16 and 19, smear metal handlability index is no less than 10 smear metal/grams.This is because Nos.16 and 19 comprises plumbous one one kinds of hazardous materials.
As mentioned above, with in the free-cutting steel, it is for example plumbous and realize good smear metal handlability not add hazardous material in machine construction according to the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. free-cutting steel with smear metal handlability of improvement, wherein, this steel also comprises the material that its mass percent is as follows through hot rolling or forge hot:
Carbon (C): 0.01% to 0.70%,
Silicon (Si): 0.05% to 2.00%,
Manganese (Mn): 0.20% to 3.50%,
Calcium (Ca): 0.0003% to 0.01%,
Sulphur (S): 0.020% to 0.300%,
Aluminium (Al): 0.002% to 0.300%,
Nitrogen (N): 0.003% to 0.035% and
Oxygen (O): 0.0010% to 0.0080%,
All the other compositions comprise iron (Fe) and unavoidable impurities,
Wherein, this ladle contains and has more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the major axis of 20 μ m and comprise the sulfide of MnS as main component, the quantity of these sulfide be no less than sulfide total quantity 30% and
Wherein, this ladle contain have more than or equal to 0.5 μ m and less than the open interval major axis of 50 μ m and with the oxide inclusion of sulfide coexistence or Individual existence, the quantity of this oxide inclusion in every square millimeter of area of detection is no less than 10.
2. free-cutting steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this free-cutting steel also comprises the element that is had following mass percent by one or more that select in the following element, chromium (Cr): 0.20% to 2.50%, molybdenum (Mo): 0.05% to 1.50%, nickel (Ni): 0.05% to 3.50%, vanadium (V): 0.01% to 0.50%, niobium (Nb): 0.01% to 0.10%, and titanium (Ti): 0.01% to 0.50%.
3. free-cutting steel according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, this free-cutting steel also comprises the element that is had following mass percent by one or more that select in the following element, magnesium (Mg): 0.0003% to 0.01%, zirconium (Zr): 0.0005% to 0.30%, bismuth (Bi): 0.01% to 0.30%, and boron (B): 0.0003% to 0.015%.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP132094/2003 | 2003-05-09 | ||
| JP2003132094A JP2004332078A (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2003-05-09 | Free-cutting steel for machine structure use excellent in scrap disposal |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1550562A true CN1550562A (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| CN1271232C CN1271232C (en) | 2006-08-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200410034730.XA Expired - Fee Related CN1271232C (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-05-09 | Free machining steel for machine structural use having improved chip disposability |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040223867A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004332078A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1271232C (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1271232C (en) | 2006-08-23 |
| US20040223867A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
| JP2004332078A (en) | 2004-11-25 |
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