CN1550399A - Vechicle suspension device - Google Patents
Vechicle suspension device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1550399A CN1550399A CNA2004100434717A CN200410043471A CN1550399A CN 1550399 A CN1550399 A CN 1550399A CN A2004100434717 A CNA2004100434717 A CN A2004100434717A CN 200410043471 A CN200410043471 A CN 200410043471A CN 1550399 A CN1550399 A CN 1550399A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- suspension device
- protective case
- percussion
- sprung parts
- Prior art date
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/82—Elements for improving aerodynamics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
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- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
To provide a vehicle suspension device effective for protecting a suspension member from chipping and improving an aerodynamic characteristic of a vehicle.In this device, a cover for preventing chipping for straightening an air stream generated on a lower part of a vehicle body at the traveling of the vehicle is mounted on the suspension member. (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to suspension device for vehicle.
Background technology
Generally in the vehicle ' process, existing following problem, the phenomenon at each position of the impact vehicles such as finger stone that the wheel that is rotated splashes, is that so-called percussion damage causes the parts that constitute vehicle body and the low problem of performance of part.Particularly constitute the sprung parts of suspension device for vehicle,, be subjected to the percussion damage easily owing to be configured near the position of wheel of body bottom section.
For example, Fig. 7 is the block diagram (with reference to patent documentation 1) of the draft hitch in the trailing wheel left side of expression one routine automobile.This draft hitch has following structure: link the top and the vehicle body (not shown) of the steering swivel 72 of supporting wheel 71 with freely rotating with a tranverse connecting rod 73, simultaneously, use lower link 77 that the compression coil spring 74, vertical connecting rod 75 and transverse arm 76 one that are provided with by compression between vertical connecting rod 75 and vehicle frame (not shown) constitute bottom and the binding of vehicle frame (not shown) with steering swivel 72.In addition, between the bottom and vehicle frame of steering swivel 72, the central side bevelled straight slide type bumper 78 of top to vehicle body is set.In addition, the end of stabilizer rod 79 is attached on the steering swivel 72 by the stabilizing ring (not shown).
And, the sprung parts of formation suspension device for rolling stock, because near wheel, and be configured in body bottom section, therefore be subjected to the percussion damage easily.The draft hitch of front wheel side is because the impact of the finger stone that front-wheel splashes etc. also is vulnerable to the percussion damage.In addition, because when trailing wheel rotation causes finger stone etc. to splash, the finger stone that front-wheel splashes etc. is transported by car body bottom flow air stream again, and the impact of these finger stones etc. makes the sprung parts that constitutes the rear wheel-side draft hitch be subjected to the percussion damage easily.The sprung parts ， Tu dress that is subjected to the percussion damage peels off, gets rusty, and also has the generation of scar, be full of cracks, causes the reduction of durability.
As shown in Figure 7, in the past in order to protect the rear-swing arm 83 on the wheel side connecting portion 82 that is installed in a supporting wheel 81 to avoid percussion damage, the scheme (with reference to patent documentation 2) that has proposed to install resinous protective case 84.This protective case, it is very effective to avoid the percussion damage for protection rear-swing arm 83.
On the other hand, take and improve the purpose of rideability for fuel saving, the parts that also will seek to constitute each one of vehicle body particularly body exterior expose the improvement of the aerodynamic characteristics of the parts that are provided with.And the sprung parts of formation suspension device for vehicle, owing to impact with body bottom section flow air stream, so if can control this windstream, just can improve the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle, fuel saving takes, and can improve rideability.
Patent documentation
Te Kaiping 10-264625 number bulletin (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2)
Patent documentation
Te Kaiping 7-215031 number bulletin (claim 1)
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is, provide a kind of sprung parts of protecting to avoid percussion damage time, can improve the suspension device for vehicle of the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle.
In order to address the above problem, in the described suspension device for vehicle of claim 1, on the sprung parts that constitutes suspension device for vehicle, what the windstream that body bottom section produces when installing vehicle ' carried out rectification prevents percussion damage protective case.
In this suspension device for vehicle; be installed in and prevent percussion damage protective case on the sprung parts, when the finger stone that the protection sprung parts splashes when not being subjected to the wheel revolution etc. impacts, the windstream of body bottom section generation in the time of can be by the rectification vehicle '; thereby, improve the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle.
In addition; the described invention of claim 2; following feature is arranged: aforesaid right requires in the 1 described suspension device for vehicle, above-mentionedly prevents that percussion damage from use protective case, has body bottom section produces when making vehicle ' the air flow mobile shape of direction with respect to above-mentioned sprung parts below.
In this suspension device for vehicle; be installed in and prevent percussion damage protective case on the sprung parts; when the finger stone that the protection sprung parts splashes when not being subjected to the wheel revolution etc. impacts; the windstream that body bottom section produces during by the rectification vehicle '; it is flowed to the below with respect to above-mentioned sprung parts, improve the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle.
In addition, the described invention of claim 3 has following feature: in aforesaid right requirement 1 and the described suspension device for vehicle of claim 2, and the parts that above-mentioned sprung parts sets up for the axletree almost parallel with above-mentioned vehicle.
In this suspension device for vehicle; be subjected to especially easily by setting up installing on the sprung parts of percussion damage and prevent percussion damage protective case at axletree almost parallel with vehicle; protect it to avoid the percussion damage; simultaneously; flow by rectification body bottom section flow air; particularly flow, the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle is improved to below with respect to sprung parts.
Among the present invention, will be called with the direction of the axletree almost parallel of vehicle vehicle laterally, and the direct of travel of the vehicle will advance the time is called the place ahead of vehicle, the opposite direction of direct of travel of vehicle that will be when advancing is called the rear of vehicle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the birds-eye view of the summary formation of the suspension device for vehicle of expression embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the summary formation of the suspension device for vehicle of expression embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 3 improves the scheme drawing of aerodynamic characteristics for explanation prevents the percussion damage with protective case.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the coupled condition of expression transverse arm and rear-swing arm.
Fig. 5 is the A-A line section drawing of Fig. 4.
(a) and (b), (c), (d) are that expression respectively prevents the pattern section drawing with the variation of protective case among Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of the suspension device for vehicle (trailing wheel left side) of expression one routine automobile.
Fig. 8 is the expression block diagram that is installed in the percussion injury protection cover on the rear-swing arm in the past.
Nomenclature
1. steering swivel 2. tranverse connecting rods 3. rear-swing arms 4. transverse arms
5. wheel 6. vehicle body frames 7. lower link 8. straight slide type bumpers
9. 11. 12. rubber bushs 13. of stabilizer rod 10. cantilever shalvings
The specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are elaborated.
Fig. 1 is the birds-eye view of the suspension device for vehicle in the trailing wheel left side of the expression embodiment of the invention.Fig. 2 is the block diagram of this suspension device for vehicle, and among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, as shown by arrows, the paper top is the working direction of vehicle.
The Figure 1 and Figure 2 suspension device for vehicle is for comprising two transverse arm type trailing wheel independent suspension frame units of the sprung parts that is made of steering swivel 1, tranverse connecting rod 2, rear-swing arm 3, transverse arm 4.
Rear-swing arm 3 as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, is roughly S oxbow, and its front end can joltily be supported by axle 11, and axle 11 has with respect to being arranged on cantilever shalving 10 rears on the vehicle frame 6 to the central side bevelled axis of vehicle body.In addition, on the axle 11 rubber bush 12 is installed.Have, between the spring perch 13 and vehicle frame 6 of the middle part of rear-swing arm 3, compression is being provided with compression coil spring 14 again.
This rear-swing arm 3 and transverse arm 4, when vehicle ', apply application force on the fore-and-aft direction of steering swivel 1 after, flexure deformations take place in transverse arm 4, simultaneously, rear-swing arm 3 moves forward and backward along bevelled axle 11 (with reference to Fig. 1).
In this draft hitch, the front of transverse arm 4 as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, has been installed to the place ahead of vehicle and has tongue-shapedly been prevented that the percussion damage is with protective case 21 to outstanding.This prevents percussion damage protective case 21; shown in the section drawing (the A-A line section drawing of Fig. 4) of Fig. 5; to the front of transverse arm 4 (in the paper of Fig. 4; right oblique upper) outstanding; has top 22a; 23 smoothly tilt to the upper end of transverse arm 4 from the top, and following 22b, and 23 is the profile of U font roughly to the level and smooth bevelled section in the lower end of transverse arm 4 from the top.
In this suspension device for vehicle of Figure 1 and Figure 2; transverse arm 4; as shown in Figure 3; prevent percussion damage with the protective case protection by above-mentioned, avoid percussion damage that wheel (left side trailing wheel) 5 finger stones that splash etc. and front-wheel splash, that cause to the finger stone that is brought by body bottom section flow air stream etc. from the place ahead of vehicle.Simultaneously; prevent percussion damage protective case 21; owing to have above-mentioned section form; as Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 5, flow to the body bottom section leaked-in air in the place ahead from vehicle when vehicle advances, and prevents that with regard to the edge percussion damage from reaching following 22b with the top 22a of protective case 21; flow in top and below to transverse arm 4; thus, body bottom section flow air stream obtains rectification, and the air of the vehicle characteristic of taking offence is improved.
In addition; prevent percussion damage protective case; be not limited to section form shown in Figure 5; can be for having any one of the section form that flows the protection sprung parts air flow below that body bottom section produces when not being subjected to percussion damage to make vehicle ' simultaneously, can prevent that the percussion damage is with suitably decisions such as the shape of the sprung parts of protective case, installation sites according to installation.Prevent the variation of percussion damage as this with protective case 21, such as, can damage with protective case 21a, 21b, 21c for the percussion that prevents of section form shown in Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b) and Fig. 6 (c).
(1) shown in Fig. 6 (a), its section form is: outstanding to the front (in the paper of Fig. 6 (a), right-hand) of transverse arm 4, above 22a be the approximate horizontal shape, and following 22b falls to the below (below in the paper of Fig. 3) of vehicle is level and smooth.
(2) shown in Fig. 6 (b), its section form is: top 22a is the approximate horizontal shape, and following 22b is from the upper end of transverse arm 4, forwards falls smoothly, falls to the lower end of transverse arm 4, the below of vehicle (in the paper of figure (b), below) is level and smooth continuously then.
(3) shown in Fig. 6 (c), its section form is: top 22a forwards smoothly rises from the upper end of transverse arm 4, then continuously to the lower end of transverse arm 4, and the below of vehicle (the paper upper and lower of Fig. 6 (c)) level and smooth whereabouts.
(4) shown in Fig. 6 (d), its section form comprises: preceding tongue piece portion 24,22a forwards smoothly rises from the upper end of transverse arm 4 above it, then continuously below it 22b fall to the lower end of transverse arm 4, the below of vehicle (in Fig. 6 (c) paper, upper and lower) are level and smooth; With back tongue piece portion 25, extend to the rear of vehicle approximate horizontal its lower end from transverse arm 4.
At this; the percussion that prevents shown in Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b), Fig. 6 (c) and Fig. 6 (d) damages with protective case 21a, 21b and 21c; have above-mentioned section form, and with the direction of its section quadrature on shape, can be circular-arc, rectangular-shaped, any shape such as platform shape roughly.
In addition, prevent percussion damage with among the protective case 21d shown in Fig. 6 (d), preceding tongue piece portion 24 has section form shown in the above-mentioned figure (d), and the shape of the direction of itself and section quadrature, can be circular-arc, rectangular-shaped, any shape such as platform shape roughly.In addition, the shape of back tongue piece portion 25 and direction above-mentioned section direction quadrature can be circular-arc, rectangular-shaped, any shape such as platform shape roughly.
Have these and prevent percussion damage protective case 21a; 21b; in the transverse arm 4 of 21c; respectively shown in Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b), Fig. 6 (c) and Fig. 6 (d); when vehicle advances; flow into the windstream of body bottom section from the place ahead of vehicle, along following 22b, to the below of transverse arm 4, be that the below of transverse arm 4 flows into.So, because air flow below road surface B flows, the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle improves, and the pressure that wheel is acted on the road surface B (with reference to Fig. 3) by car body increases, thereby the ride characteristics such as stability, turnability of keeping straight on are further enhanced.
And; prevent the shape of percussion damage with the top 22a of protective case 21; as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, be not limited to outstanding tongue-shaped of vehicle front, also can prevent that the percussion damage is with suitably decisions such as the shape of the sprung parts of protective case, installation sites according to installation.
Above-mentioned Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, structure, the structure of the suspension device for vehicle on trailing wheel right side and Fig. 1 symmetry in the trailing wheel left side of the suspension device for vehicle of expression present embodiment.By this a pair of suspension device for vehicle on this trailing wheel left side and trailing wheel right side, can constitute the two transverse arm type independent suspension frame units of trailing wheel of vehicle.
In addition, the foregoing description, expression will prevent that percussion damage is installed in state on the transverse arm with protective case.The present invention is not limited to be installed on the transverse arm, also can will prevent that percussion damage is installed in protective case on any one of the sprung parts that constitutes suspension device for vehicle.For example, can will prevent that percussion damage is installed on the tranverse connecting rod with protective case or on other the sprung parts.
The present invention in addition is not limited to as Fig. 1 and illustrates the two transverse arm type draft hitchs shown in 2, also applicable to for example various suspension device for vehicle such as many link-types, Jackstay type, solid shaft type.Particularly; by in the sprung parts that constitutes draft hitch; with the direction of the axletree almost parallel of vehicle on the sprung parts that set up, that be vulnerable to the percussion damage; installation prevents percussion damage protective case; protect this sprung parts not damaged by percussion, also can improve the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle simultaneously.
According to the described invention of claim 1; that installs on the sprung parts prevents percussion damage protective case; in the percussion damage that the finger stone that splashes protecting sprung parts not to be subjected to wheel revolutions etc. causes; because the windstream that body bottom section produces during to vehicle ' carries out rectification, and the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle is improved.
In addition; according to the described invention of claim 2; that installs on the sprung parts prevents percussion injury protection cover; when the percussion that the finger stone of protecting sprung parts not to be subjected to wheel revolutions and splashing etc. causes damages; the windstream that body bottom section produces during by the rectification vehicle '; flowed in its below to above-mentioned sprung parts, improve the characteristic of the air of vehicle.
In addition; according to the described invention of claim 3; sprung parts by setting up, particularly be subjected to easily installing on the sprung parts of percussion damage and prevent percussion damage protective case at axletree almost parallel with vehicle; protect this sprung parts not damaged by percussion; flow by making the body bottom section flow air flow to the sprung parts below simultaneously, improve aerodynamic characteristic of vehicle.
Claims (8)
1. a suspension device for vehicle is characterized in that,
Constituting on the sprung parts of suspension device for vehicle, what the windstream that body bottom section produces when installing vehicle ' carried out rectification prevents percussion damage protective case.
2. suspension device for vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Describedly prevent that percussion damage has the shape that flows in the below of the described sprung parts of air flow that body bottom section produces when making vehicle ' with protective case.
3. suspension device for vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described sprung parts is the parts that the axletree almost parallel with described vehicle sets up.
4. suspension device for vehicle according to claim 2 is characterized in that,
Described sprung parts is the parts that the axletree almost parallel with described vehicle sets up.
5. suspension device for vehicle according to claim 2; it is characterized in that; the described percussion damage usefulness protective case that prevents is given prominence to the front of vehicle suspension component, has such section form: be the approximate horizontal shape above it, and it falls smoothly towards under-vehicle down.
6. suspension device for vehicle according to claim 2; it is characterized in that; describedly prevent that percussion damage has such section form with protective case: be the approximate horizontal shape above it; and the upper end from vehicle suspension component below it forwards smoothly falls, and smoothly falls to the lower end of vehicle suspension component, the below of vehicle continuously then.
7. suspension device for vehicle according to claim 2; it is characterized in that; describedly prevent that percussion damage has such section form with protective case: forwards smoothly rise in the upper end from vehicle suspension component above it, it smoothly falls towards the lower end of vehicle suspension component, the below of vehicle down continuously then.
8. suspension device for vehicle according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the described section form that prevents that the percussion damage has with protective case comprises: preceding tongue piece portion, forwards smoothly rise from the vehicle suspension component upper end above it, it smoothly falls towards the lower end of vehicle suspension component, the below of vehicle down continuously then; With the back tongue piece portion, extend to the rear of vehicle approximate horizontal its lower end from vehicle suspension component.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003134925A JP4069009B2 (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2003-05-13 | Vehicle suspension system |
| JP134925/2003 | 2003-05-13 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1550399A true CN1550399A (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| CN100408361C CN100408361C (en) | 2008-08-06 |
Family
ID=33525348
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100434717A Expired - Fee Related CN100408361C (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2004-05-13 | Vechicle suspension device |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4069009B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100408361C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102216096A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2011-10-12 | M.B.格瑞德V/迈尔斯B.格瑞德公司 | A vehicle suspension |
| CN103042890A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-17 | 三菱自动车工业株式会社 | Support suspension installation structure |
| CN104797442A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2015-07-22 | 雷诺股份公司 | Motor vehicle rear axle assembly comprising an aerodynamic fairing |
| CN105793146A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-07-20 | 宝马股份公司 | Underbody cladding for a two-track motor vehicle and two-track motor vehicle with such an underbody cladding |
| CN107914785A (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2018-04-17 | 株式会社斯巴鲁 | Fairing |
| CN108058562A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-05-22 | 福州大学 | A kind of Active suspension device and its control method |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4924268B2 (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2012-04-25 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Protective member |
| JP2012245955A (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | Vehicle suspension device |
| JP6446013B2 (en) | 2016-10-05 | 2018-12-26 | 株式会社Ｓｕｂａｒｕ | Rectifier |
| JP7487395B1 (en) | 2023-10-24 | 2024-05-20 | 豊田鉄工株式会社 | Suspension arms |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3151350B2 (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 2001-04-03 | 株式会社モルテン | Trailing arm protection |
| CN2241643Y (en) * | 1995-11-15 | 1996-12-04 | 米存真 | Automobile front-suspension lower cross-arm ball-joint pin boss assembly |
| CN2229889Y (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1996-06-26 | 杨培其 | Lower arm of vehicle suspension arrangement |
| JPH10264625A (en) * | 1997-03-21 | 1998-10-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Suspension device for vehicle |
-
2003
- 2003-05-13 JP JP2003134925A patent/JP4069009B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-05-13 CN CNB2004100434717A patent/CN100408361C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102216096B (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2013-09-25 | M.B.格瑞德V/迈尔斯B.格瑞德公司 | A vehicle suspension |
| CN102216096A (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2011-10-12 | M.B.格瑞德V/迈尔斯B.格瑞德公司 | A vehicle suspension |
| CN103042890B (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2015-08-12 | 三菱自动车工业株式会社 | Support suspension installation structure |
| CN103042890A (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-17 | 三菱自动车工业株式会社 | Support suspension installation structure |
| CN104797442B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2018-02-27 | 雷诺股份公司 | Motor vehicles rear car axle assemble including aerodynamic fairing |
| CN104797442A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2015-07-22 | 雷诺股份公司 | Motor vehicle rear axle assembly comprising an aerodynamic fairing |
| CN105793146A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-07-20 | 宝马股份公司 | Underbody cladding for a two-track motor vehicle and two-track motor vehicle with such an underbody cladding |
| CN105793146B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2018-11-20 | 宝马股份公司 | Body bottom plaque for double rut motor vehicles and double rut motor vehicles including such body bottom plaque |
| US10246136B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2019-04-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Underbody cladding for a two-track motor vehicle and two-track motor vehicle with such an underbody cladding |
| CN107914785A (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2018-04-17 | 株式会社斯巴鲁 | Fairing |
| CN107914785B (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2019-08-23 | 株式会社斯巴鲁 | Fairing |
| CN108058562A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-05-22 | 福州大学 | A kind of Active suspension device and its control method |
| CN108058562B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2022-12-20 | 福州大学 | Active suspension device and control method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4069009B2 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
| JP2004338458A (en) | 2004-12-02 |
| CN100408361C (en) | 2008-08-06 |
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