CN1548234A - Ore dressing process of treating poor hematite - Google Patents
Ore dressing process of treating poor hematite Download PDFInfo
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- CN1548234A CN1548234A CNA031333729A CN03133372A CN1548234A CN 1548234 A CN1548234 A CN 1548234A CN A031333729 A CNA031333729 A CN A031333729A CN 03133372 A CN03133372 A CN 03133372A CN 1548234 A CN1548234 A CN 1548234A
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Abstract
The ore dressing process of treating poor hematite includes staged ore milling, size separating, gravitational dressing, strong magnetic dressing and inverse floating. By means of staged ore milling, early separation between iron containing mineral and gangue, returning the intergrowth to next ore milling for further separation, separating milled material based on size, gravitational dressing of coarse grains, strong magnetic dressing and inverse floating of fine grains, the raw ore of 30 % grade is enriched into high grade concentrated ore up to 67 % in the metal recovering rate over 76 % and SiO2 content lowered from 8-10 % to below 4.5 %.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to iron ore and sort the field, particularly a kind of ore-dressing technique of handling lean hematite ore.
Background technology
As everyone knows, in existing technique of preparing, continuous ore grinding alkalescence direct flotation method, lump ore calcining magnetic separation method are adopted in quartzy rock (raw ore iron content about the 30%) sorting of particulate lean hematite usually, weak magnetic gravity separation methods etc., the iron concentrate grade that ore dressing is produced generally only reaches about 55%～65%.1975 in the world first go into operation with the flocculation-desliming-quartzitic U.S. of cation reverse flotation PROCESS FOR TREATMENT particulate bloodstone Di Erdeng ore dressing plant, its production target head grade 38%, concentrate grade 64%～65%, the rate of recovery 70% causes the attention of various countries.But because its grinding particle size reaches 80%～85% for-500 orders, granularity of concentrate is too thin, causes concentrate to concentrate and filters very difficultly, and ore grinding consumes energy and medicament expense is all high, causes beneficiation cost too high.The 1980s, Anshan Area works out lean hematite and adopts stage grinding, thickness grading, the processing method that chats is regrinded, and its lean hematite sorted workflow reengineering in ore dressing plant, length of bow mountain range and become stage grinding, strong magnetic-gravity treatment combined process flow, production target head grade 30%, concentrate grade is more than 64%, the rate of recovery is more than 67%, be stage grinding, magnetic separation-gravity treatment combined process flow with the workflow reengineering of neat mountain lean hematite lump ore calcining magnetic separation again, production target is brought up to: elaboration position 62.5%, the rate of recovery reaches more than 82%.Simultaneously neat mountain lean hematite fine ore is sorted flow process and change stage grinding, gravity treatment-strong magnetic-acid direct flotation flow process into, production target in 1988 is a head grade 27.9%, concentrate grade 63.25%, the rate of recovery 68.40%.So far, China's particulate hematite separation technology makes great progress, and reaches world-class levels.Yet As time goes on, though the particulate lean hematite is through ore dressing circle several generations' tackling key problem both at home and abroad, its concentrate grade is not still realized breakthrough, external in addition steel and iron industry is depressed, international steel market dog-eat-dog, cause the high lean hematite ore dressing plants of some costs of country such as the U.S. and Canada to be forced to close or stop production, influence the technique of preparing development.And countries such as Brazil, Australia and the former Soviet Union pay little attention to particulate bloodstone quartzite ore dressing research because its magnetic iron ore reserves are abundant, thereby the iron concentrate grade that world's lean hematite ore dressing obtains is paced up and down about 64% always.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of upgrading to optimize ore-dressing technique, be stage grinding, coarse and fine separation, gravity treatment-strong magnetic-reverse floatation process, make whole process flow final concentrate grade that important breakthrough be arranged, the preceding cost of iron is reduced significantly, to adapt to the demand of market competition.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, design a kind of stage grinding, coarse and fine separation, gravity treatment-strong magnetic-reverse floatation process flow process, lean hematite to disseminated grain size thickness inequality adopts stage grinding, the iron mineral and the gangue mineral of monomer dissociation are carried the smart tail of throwing early, intergrowth is sent continue fine grinding in the hypomere grinding operation and make it reach monomer dissociation; Material behind the mill is classified into coarse fraction and two parts of fine fraction with it, and coarse fraction adopts gravity treatment, and fine fraction is used strong magnetic-reverse flotation.
Main points of the present invention are: one section closed circuit grinding that the stage grinding of this technology is made up of ore grinding and scalping respectively and be made of two sections open-circuit grindings that secondary classification and secondary grinding are formed, wherein: an ore milling concentration requires to reach 75%～80%, the scalping effluent concentration is 40%～50%, and it is 55%～65% that the scalping overflow granularity reaches-200 orders.Secondary grinding concentration is 70%～75%, and secondary classification effluent concentration is less than 10%, and it is more than 75% that secondary classification overflow granularity reaches-200 orders.
Main points of the present invention also are: the gravitational separation equipment of this technology adopts spiral chute that coarse fraction is selected branch; Strong magnetic machine adopts pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with vertical ring that fine fraction is selected branch.
Main points of the present invention also are: the reverse flotation work dosing of this technology is sized mixing, and is that PH adjusts agent with NaOH, and starch is the iron mineral inhibitor, and CaO is quartzy activator, E
Z-21 is collecting agent.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is stage grinding of the present invention, coarse and fine separation, gravity treatment---strong magnetic---reverse floatation process flow chart.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is mainly by stage grinding, coarse and fine separation, coarse grain gravity treatment, and chats regrinding and reconcentration (being called for short thick rank mineral processing circuit) and the strong magnetic-reverse flotation of particulate (being called for short thin rank mineral processing circuit) constitute.
Two final products of coarse grain flow process output weigh smart and sweep middle magnetic tail, and promptly heavy-tailed, intermediate products chats of output carries out regrinding and reconcentration.
Particulate flow process material is after weak magnetic, strong magnetic operation, enter reverse flotation work, after dosing is sized mixing, carry out one thick, an essence, three is swept sorts, obtain the floating smart and true tailings product of final concentrate product and float tail, and the intermediate products (chats) of its generation are returned last operation in order.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Thick rank mineral processing circuit is made of primary grinding graded operation, the operation of cyclone thickness grading and spiral chute reselection operation and the operation of chats regrinding and reconcentration in the accompanying drawing.Its detailed process flow is as follows, when lean hematite ore 1 (raw material) behind ore mill 2 ore grindings, enter in a spiral classifier 3 and carry out classification, be classified into fine-graded scalping overflow 3 ' and coarsely graded scalping sand return 3 "; sand return 3 " return to continue in ore mill 2 to enter again in a spiral classifier 3 after levigate and carry out classification, by one section closed circuit grinding being formed through ore mill 2 and spiral classifier 3, go round and begin again cycle operation again; And fine-graded scalping overflow 3 ' enter and carry out classification in the cyclone 4, be classified into thick, thin two kinds of materials once more, wherein fine is cyclone overflow 4 " is sent in strong magnetic-reverse flotation flowsheet and sorts, sort and coarse-grained material is a cyclone sand setting 4 ' send in the gravity treatment flow process.It is that an ore milling concentration requirement reaches 75%～80% that its process system requires, and scalping overflow 3 ' concentration is 40%～50%, and it is about 55%～65% that scalping overflow 3 ' granularity reaches-200 orders.Cyclone 4 feed ore concentrations reach 25%～35%, cyclone overflow 4 " concentration is 10%～15%, cyclone overflow 4 ", and granularity accounts for more than 85% for-200 orders, otherwise excessive concentration or low excessively, granularity is crossed thick or meticulous, all can influence sorting result.When coarse-grained material is that cyclone sand setting 4 ' send at first is admitted in the reselection operation and roughly selects spiral chute 5 and roughly select, selectedly tell 3 kinds of products, wherein the higher material particles of iron content is hanked than great that rough concentrate 5 ' delivering to selected spiral chute 6 carries out selected because of it by branch; The less material particles of proportion then becomes roughly selects spiral chute mine tailing 5 " is sent to and scans spiral chute 7 and scan; And those degrees of dissociation are lower, the difficult tribulation of washability difference is selected material to become to roughly select concentrate chute chats 5 to be sent to carry out classification in the secondary spiral classifier 9, form after the classification secondary classification overflow 9 ' and secondary classification sand setting 9 "; with secondary classification sand setting 9 " send in the secondary grinding machine 10 levigate back form secondary grinding product 10 ', because the secondary grinding operation is an open-circuit grinding, therefore secondary grinding product 10 ' returning cyclone 4 with secondary classification overflow product 9 ' converge carries out classification, goes round and begins again.And roughly select the selected spiral chute 6 of spiral chute concentrate 5 ' process once more after the sorting, and sub-elected three kinds of products again, wherein the higher coarse granule concentrate 6 of iron content ' become qualified products is a final concentrate; The coarse granule mine tailing 6 that iron content is lower " because of it fails fully to reach monomer dissociation, carries out classification so send into middle mineral products 5 that roughly select spiral chute 5 in the secondary classification 9; It is selected through selected spiral chute 6 that middle mineral products 6 of selected spiral chute 6 return rough concentrate product 5 ' middle continuation again.And roughly select spiral chute mine tailing 5 " be sent to because it still is mingled with a large amount of useful compositions and scan spiral chute 7 and scan; two kinds of products of generation through scanning after; a kind of coarse granule product that contains intergrowth sweep spiral shell essence 7 ', sweep spiral shell essence 7 ' to send into and carry out classification in the secondary classification 9 with middle mineral products 5 that roughly select spiral chute 5; The more coarse grained product of another kind is swept spiral shell 7, and " then being admitted to field intensity is that magnetic machine 8 sorted during 4000 * 79.5775A/M scanned; produce two kinds of products; magnetic essence 8 during wherein useful component is swept ' be driven into and carry out classification in the secondary classification 9, it " is that the heavy-tailed true tailings that becomes is abandoned that another kind of useless composition is swept middle magnetic tail 8.The coarse grain chats of reselection operation all enters the secondary grinding graded operation in a word, returns cyclone after regrinding, and carries out coarse and fine separation again, and the process system of reselection operation is that the feed ore concentration of roughly selecting spiral chute is 45%～50%.The feed ore concentration of selected spiral chute is 50%～55%, and the feed ore concentration of scanning spiral chute is 35%～40%, and secondary grinding is given the ore deposit for open circuit, and the process system of secondary grinding graded operation is 70%～75% for secondary grinding concentration; Secondary classification effluent concentration is less than 10%; Secondary classification overflow granularity reaches-200 orders more than 75%.Because secondary grinding product and secondary classification overflow merge together, its excessive concentration or low excessively, granularity are crossed and slightly or meticulous all can be influenced sorting result, should control and grasp for this reason the concentration and the granularity of grind grading.
Thin rank mineral processing circuit is then used weak, middle magnetic machine, tail is thrown in the pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with vertical ring desliming, and it is weak, middle magnetic is smart and smart merging of strong magnetic enters after the reverse flotation work dosing sizes mixing, and that carries out that a thick essence, three sweeps sorts.Its detailed process is as follows: with fine be cyclone overflow 4 " be sent in weak magnetic (middle magnetic) magnetic separator 11 divided hank weak (in) magnetic essence 11 ' and weak (in) magnetic tail 11 " enter and concentrate big well 12 and concentrate, its sludge forms overflow 12, and " become true tailings; its underflow 12 ' feeding pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with vertical ring 13 carries out high intensity magnetic separation, strong magnetic tail ore deposit 13 " becomes true tailings.Strong magnetic concentrate 13 ' with weak (in) magnetic essence 11 ' mergings send into before the flotation the big well of concentration 14 and enter reverse flotation work after concentrated, the overflow 14 of its sludge formation " then becomes true tailings.Reverse flotation is to carry out a thick essence, three sorting operations of sweeping after dosing is sized mixing, be with after concentrating big shaft bottom stream 14 ' send into and roughly selecting flotation device 15 and roughly select with its rough concentrate 15 ' sending into precision sorting flotation machine 16 carries out selected; " then send into once to sweep send machine 17 to scan to its mine tailing 15; The selected concentrate 16 that produces after precision sorting flotation machine 16 sorts ' become the final concentrate product, the mine tailing 16 that precision sorting flotation machine 16 sorts the back generation " then returns to roughly select in the flotation device 15 and continues to sort.And that the concentrate product of once purging selection machine 17 after sorting sweeps is smart 17 ' be admitted to concentrate before the flotation and enter reverse flotation once more after big well 14 concentrates and be elected to be industry.One winds up 17, and " then being admitted to secondary scavenger 18 carries out secondary and scans; That its concentrate product two is swept is smart 18 ' return once purging selection machine 17 to scan again, and product from failing two winds up 18 " then sends into three scavengers 19 ' carry out three times to scan; That its concentrate product three is swept is smart 19 ' and return in the secondary scavenger 18 and scan again, its product from failing three is wound up and is then become true tailings and be abandoned.In a word the relatively poor fine particle stage material of washability is used strong magnetic---the technical scheme of reverse flotation is: the cyclone overflow is after weak magnetic (middle magnetic) is taken out strong magnetic mineral, mine tailing is sent into concentrated big well concentrate, its underflow density reaches 30%～35% and feeds pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with vertical ring desliming throwing tail.Weak (in) the smart and strong magnetic of magnetic smart merge to enter concentrate big well before the flotation and concentrate, its underflow reaches 40%～45% and enters the reverse flotation work dosing and size mixing, and is that PH adjusts agent with NaOH, adjusts the acid-base value of ore pulp; With starch is the iron mineral inhibitor, strengthens the mineral surfaces hydrophily; With CaO is quartzy activator, promotes the collecting effect of mineral, eliminates inhibitory action; With E
Z-21 is collecting agent, strengthens the floatability of mineral.The flotation pulp temperature is about 33 ℃, pulp PH value about 11.5, carry out after material is sized mixing one thick, an essence, three is swept sorts and obtain floating essence of final concentrate product and the floating tail of true tailings product; Product (chats) returns last operation in order in the middle of it, sweeps essence and then returns to flotation and concentrate big well.
Advantage of the present invention is: utilize stage grinding, coarse and fine separation, coarse grain gravity treatment to combine with the ingenious of the strong magnetic-reverse flotation of particulate, carry the smart tail of throwing under the corase grind condition as early as possible, easily the coarse grain of choosing adopts the spiral chute gravity treatment, does not have other running gears, do not have energy consumption, be beneficial to the reduction beneficiation cost.And because the iron mineral and the gangue of monomer dissociation are sorted out early, can reduce the overground metal loss that causes, help improving iron recovery, reduce the secondary mill load again, realize starting secondary grinding board number less, receive and reduce the ore grinding cost effectiveness.In addition, because of containing some gravity treatment coarse-grain coarse ore concentrate in the final concentrate, the concentrate thickening filtration operation of postorder is improved, and help sintering, in this technology, weak essence and strong essence all carry out reverse flotation, living body of the poor disjunctor of strongly magnetic mineral and gangue are together floated in the mine tailing, concentrate grade is improved.Be mingled with the effect elimination owing to there is the double action of collecting agent and inhibitor to compare ore with direct flotation in the reverse flotation work, strengthened choosing branch effect.In this particulate technological process, use energy-efficient equipment pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with vertical ring simultaneously, can make strong elaboration position improve nearly 4%, strong tail grade reduces by 3%, and this equipment is strong to changing adaptability for the ore deposit condition, and it is effective that tail is thrown in desliming, thereby be reverse flotation work, create good condition.And this technology is also used E
Z-21 is collecting agent, can make floating elaboration position improve 0.5%, ton concentrate medicament expense reduces more than 23%, has upgrading consumption reduction double action, it is fast also to have flotation speed, and slurry temperature before ore character and the flotation is changed adaptable characteristics, can not only reduce self dosing, and can significantly reduce the consumption of cornstarch, help concentrate and concentrate and filter.
Good effect of the present invention is: the lean hematite product quality realizes historical breakthrough. Production target head grade about 30%, concentrate grade is more than 67%, and metal recovery rate reaches More than 76%, dioxide-containing silica is down to below 4.5% by 8%～10%, can make ironmaking simultaneously Comprehensive feed grade improves 0.5%～0.6%, and it is remarkable that the silicon effect falls in upgrading. And can make essence Cost average decline per ton in ore deposit is more than 30 yuan, 35 yuan of average reductions per ton of ironmaking cost with On, realized the unification of reasonability and the economy of Proccessing technology, reach upgrading and fall The effect of consumption.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of ore-dressing technique of handling lean hematite ore, mainly comprise: stage grinding, coarse and fine separation, gravity treatment-strong magnetic-reverse floatation process flow process, it is characterized in that: the lean hematite ore to disseminated grain size thickness inequality adopts stage grinding, the iron mineral and the gangue mineral of monomer dissociation are carried the smart tail of throwing early, intergrowth is sent continue fine grinding in the hypomere grinding operation and make it reach monomer dissociation; Material behind the mill is classified into coarse fraction and two parts of fine fraction with it, and coarse fraction adopts gravity treatment, and fine fraction is used strong magnetic---reverse flotation.
2, ore-dressing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: one section closed circuit grinding that stage grinding is made up of an ore grinding (2) and scalping (3) respectively and two sections open-circuit grindings being made up of secondary classification (9) and secondary grinding (10) are constituted.
3, according to claim 1 and 2 described ore-dressing techniques, it is characterized in that: an ore grinding (2) concentration is 75%～80%, and scalping overflow (3 ') concentration is 40%～50%, and it is 55%～65% that scalping overflow (3 ') granularity reaches-200 orders.
4, according to claim 1 and 2 described ore-dressing techniques, it is characterized in that: secondary grinding (10) concentration is 70%～75%, and secondary classification overflow (9 ') concentration is less than 10%, and it is more than 75% that secondary classification overflow (9 ') granularity reaches-200 orders.
5, ore-dressing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gravitational separation equipment adopts spiral chute that coarse fraction is selected branch.
6, ore-dressing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: strong magnetic machine adopts pulsating high gradient magnetic separator with vertical ring (13) that fine fraction is selected branch.
7, ore-dressing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the reverse flotation dosing is sized mixing, and is that PH adjusts agent with NaOH, and starch is the iron mineral inhibitor, and CaO is quartzy activator, E
Z-21 is collecting agent.
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