CN1547049A - Multipurpose full gloss optical shaper based on sagnac ring - Google Patents
Multipurpose full gloss optical shaper based on sagnac ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN1547049A CN1547049A CNA2003101095138A CN200310109513A CN1547049A CN 1547049 A CN1547049 A CN 1547049A CN A2003101095138 A CNA2003101095138 A CN A2003101095138A CN 200310109513 A CN200310109513 A CN 200310109513A CN 1547049 A CN1547049 A CN 1547049A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 55
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
An all-optical shaper based on a Sagnac ring comprises an input end, an output end, an optical fiber coupler and an optical fiber ring, and is characterized in that: a first graded index micro lens, a polarizing film, a second graded index micro lens and a Faraday optical rotator are sequentially arranged on a signal light path of an input end, and then connected with an optical fiber coupler; the optical fiber ring is provided with a first WDM coupler, a second WDM coupler and a third ring-shaped polarization controller, wherein the first WDM coupler is arranged on the optical fiber ring at a distance L from the first WDM coupler, and the L is smaller than the half perimeter of the optical fiber ring, and the third ring-shaped polarization controller is arranged on the optical fiber section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the optical shaping device, particularly a kind of multi-usage full gloss optical reshaper based on Sagnac-ring.
Background technology
Traditional Sagnac photoswitch is called nonlinear optical loop mirror or fiber loop mirror again, and it has utilized optical kerr effect.Formerly in the technology, be published in last the 25th phase of Electronics Letters in 1989 by the people such as N.J.DORAN of Britain Telecom research laboratory, on the 267th～269 page, this Sagnac optical switch construction as shown in Figure 1.It is made up of fiber coupler 3 and fiber optic loop 4, is with one section optical fiber two output ports 1,2 of fiber coupler 3 to be coupled together to form a ring, and port one is input end and reflected light exit end, and port 2 is transmitted light exit ends.From input end 1 power input of Sagnac photoswitch is P
0Flashlight, through behind the coupling mechanism 3, flashlight is divided into the different two-beam in the direction of propagation, this two-beam is because the phase differential that produces from phase modulation (PM) has determined reflected light and transmitted light power separately.Suppose input optical power P
0To account for the ratio of whole power be ρ to Chuan Shu part along clockwise direction, and the concrete numerical value of ρ is by fiber coupler 3 decisions, the transmissivity T of Sagnac photoswitch
s=| A
t 2|/| A
0 2| for:
T
s＝1-2ρ(1-ρ){1+cos[(1-2ρ)γP
0l]} (1)
A wherein
0Be the amplitude of incident light, A
tBe the amplitude of transmitted light, γ is a non-linear parameter, and l is the length of fiber optic loop.If ρ=0.5, then T
s=0, this moment, flashlight reflected fully.ρ ≠ 0.5, fiber optic loop shows different characteristics under high power and low-power, can be used as photoswitch.
This Sagnac photoswitch biggest advantage is that two-beam is walked identical path, has so just suppressed effectively because the adverse effect that ambient temperature and stress fluctuation produce photoswitch.But this photoswitch also has a lot of shortcomings:
1, this Sagnac photoswitch relies on two bundle flashlights of reverse transfer to control photoswitch from the nonlinear phase difference that phase modulation (PM) (SPM) effect produces, so just require the power of flashlight very high, so that the generation nonlinear effect, this has just limited the utilization of this photoswitch under low power condition.
2, because the power p of signal pulse
0Determine by time waveform, by equation (1) as can be seen the transmissivity of this photoswitch be relevant with reflectivity with the time waveform of light pulse, the different transmissivities constantly that is to say light pulse are different with reflectivity, like this, this photoswitch does not reach complete open and close in theory, and such photoswitch just can not have very high extinction ratio.
3, because the optical transmission rate is relevant with the time waveform of light pulse with reflectivity, if signal pulse peak value part is because the nonlinear phase shift that produces from phase modulation (PM) is π, the transmissivity of this part is 100%, but the transmissivity of signal pulse other parts will weaken with light intensity decreasing, make the transmission signal light pulse become more precipitous like this.So traditional Sagnac photoswitch can make signal pulse produce significantly distortion, transmitted light and reflected light just can not be duplicating of original signal light.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned traditional Sagnac photoswitch, and a kind of full gloss optical reshaper based on Sagnac-ring is provided.This optical shaping device both can open the light as full light, also had other multiple use.Optical shaping for example, optical sampling.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of full gloss optical reshaper based on Sagnac-ring comprises input end, output terminal, fiber coupler and fiber optic loop, is characterized in:
On the signal light path of this input end, be provided with the first graded index lenticule, polaroid, second graded index lenticule and the Faraday polarization apparatus successively, connect fiber coupler again; The described first graded index lenticule and the second graded index lenticule turning axle on same straight line and confocal, being centered close on the lenticular focus of two graded indexs of this polaroid, with the angle of two graded index lenticule turning axles be 45 °;
Also be provided with a control light light path, be provided with Polarization Controller, a WDM coupling mechanism and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism of time-delay mechanism, variable optical attenuator, convex lens, a fiber segment, three annulars on this control light light path successively, one end of this fiber segment is positioned at the focus of these convex lens, the other end of this fiber segment is connected on the fiber optic loop by a WDM coupling mechanism, on fiber optic loop and the WDM coupling mechanism L of being separated by be provided with the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism, and this L is less than the semi-perimeter of fiber optic loop, and the Polarization Controller of described three annulars is installed on this fiber segment.
Described time-delay mechanism is to be made of four completely reflecting mirrors: the central axis angle at 45 of the minute surface of first catoptron and control light transmission, the minute surface of second catoptron and first catoptron is relative and parallel, the minute surface of the 3rd catoptron and second catoptron is relative and become 90 °, the minute surface of the 4th catoptron and the 3rd catoptron is relative and parallel, all on the central axis of control light transmission, the distance between first catoptron and the 4th catoptron and second catoptron and the 3rd catoptron all is d at the center of four catoptrons.
Described variable optical attenuator can replace with polaroid.
Described convex lens are common glass convex lens, can replace with GRIN Lens.
Fiber segment on the described fiber optic loop between a WDM coupling mechanism and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism can be identical with the optical fiber of fiber optic loop, also can arrive between this two WDM coupling mechanism with the bigger fused fiber splice of nonlinear factor.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, compare with traditional Sagnac photoswitch, the flashlight peak power of this optical shaping device can be very low.Traditional Sagnac photoswitch is not because control light, and nonlinear phase shift is produced by flashlight oneself, and therefore, flashlight is very strong, to such an extent as to produce enough nonlinear phase shifts.The nonlinear phase shift of this optical shaping device flashlight is produced by the control light pulse, and irrelevant with flashlight, the peak power of flashlight can be very low.
2, this optical shaping device extinction ratio height.Traditional Sagnac photoswitch is not because nonlinear phase shift is a definite value, and transmissivity is relevant with the time waveform of signal pulse with reflectivity, and the extinction ratio of photoswitch can not be very high.This optical shaping device adopts 50: 50 fiber coupler, and like this, the two-beam of reverse direction transmission in the fiber optic loop is owing to offset fully from the nonlinear phase shift of phase modulation (PM) generation, and nonlinear phase shift is only relevant with the cross-phase modulation, Φ
NL=2kn
2I
pL.Therefore, the transmissivity of optical shaping device is only relevant with the time waveform of control light with reflectivity, if the control light pulse is a flat-head type substantially, makes Φ
NL=2kn
2I
pL is constant π substantially.Like this and control light interactional flashlight just can turn-off fully, extinction ratio has just improved greatly.
3, the waveform fidelity height of the flashlight of this optical shaping device of process.One of traditional Sagnac photoswitch shortcoming is exactly that waveform distorts easily.If use this optical shaping device, and make the control light pulse make flat-head type substantially, the transmissivity and the reflectivity of flashlight and control light interaction part are exactly a definite value, so just can suppress the distortion of flashlight waveform well.
4, this optical shaping device has multiple use.Compression pulse contains the end intensity pedestal of broad usually, can utilize this optical shaping device to eliminate, and promotes the forward position or the edge, front and back of pulse.Can be used for shaping pulse, usually, narrow spectrum only is difficult for carrying out the burst length shaping, utilize the present invention to carry out shaping pulse single longitudinal mode laser.Wide range pulse with easy realization light spectrum reshaping is modulated narrow spectrum pulse as the control light pulse, makes narrow spectrum pulse become our needed burst length waveform.Utilize the present invention to carry out the high speed optical sampling to flashlight.Control light and the signal light wavelength is approaching more, control light pulse short more then sample effect is good more.
Advantages such as in addition, this optical shaping device also Ge Nake photoswitch with traditional is the same, has stabilization of operating point, and corresponding speed is fast.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional Sagnac photoswitch
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the full gloss optical reshaper of Sagnac-ring
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of time-delay mechanism of the present invention
Fig. 4 when only promoting the signal pulse forward position, the time chart that flashlight and control light transmit on fiber segment 22
Fig. 5 for before and after promoting in the flashlight arteries and veins along the time, the time chart that flashlight and control light transmit on fiber segment 22
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
See also Fig. 2 earlier, Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the full gloss optical reshaper of Sagnac-ring, as seen from the figure, the present invention is based on the full gloss optical reshaper of Sagnac-ring, comprise input end 1, output terminal 2, fiber coupler 3 and fiber optic loop 4, it is characterized in that:
On the signal light path 1 of this input end, be provided with the first graded index lenticule 11, polaroid 12, the second graded index lenticule 13 and Faraday polarization apparatus 14 successively, connect fiber coupler 3 again; Described first graded index lenticule 11 and the second graded index lenticule, 13 turning axles are on same straight line and confocal, being centered close on two graded index lenticules, 11,13 focuses of this polaroid 12, with the angle of two graded index lenticules, 11,13 turning axles be 45 °;
Also be provided with a control light light path 5, be provided with time-delay mechanism 51 successively on this control light light path 5, variable optical attenuator 52, convex lens 53, one fiber segment 54, the Polarization Controller 55 of three annulars, the one WDM coupling mechanism 56 and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57, one end of this fiber segment 54 is positioned on the focus of these convex lens 53, the other end of this fiber segment 54 is connected on the fiber optic loop 4 by a WDM coupling mechanism 56, on fiber optic loop 4 and a WDM coupling mechanism 56 L of being separated by be provided with the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57, and L is less than the semi-perimeter of fiber optic loop 4, and the Polarization Controller 55 of described three annulars is installed on this fiber segment 54.
Described time-delay mechanism 51, as shown in Figure 3, it is to constitute: the central axis angle at 45 of the minute surface of first catoptron 511 and control light transmission by four completely reflecting mirrors, the minute surface of second catoptron 512 and first catoptron 511 is relative and parallel, the minute surface of the 3rd catoptron 513 and second catoptron 512 is relative and become 90 °, the minute surface of the 4th catoptron 514 and the 3rd catoptron 513 is relative and parallel, all on the central axis of control light transmission, the distance between first catoptron 511 and the 4th catoptron 514 and second catoptron 512 and the 3rd catoptron 513 all is d at the center of four catoptrons.By the length controlled system conditioning signal light of regulating d and the time relationship of controlling light.
Control light at first enters time-delay mechanism 51, is a variable optical attenuator 52 after the time-delay mechanism, and the central shaft of the rotary middle spindle of variable optical attenuator 52 and control light transmission is on same straight line.After the variable optical attenuator 52 is convex lens 53, and convex lens 53 minute surfaces are with vertical from the control light of variable optical attenuator 52 outgoing, and the central shaft of the rotary middle spindle of convex lens 53 and control light transmission is on same straight line.One section optical fiber 54 is arranged after the convex lens 53, one end of optical fiber 54 is just on the focus of convex lens 53, convex lens 53 just advance optical fiber 54 to the control optically-coupled like this, the other end of optical fiber 54 is connected on the fiber optic loop 4 with a WDM coupling mechanism 56, with a WDM coupling mechanism 56 L long optical fibers of being separated by be the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57, control light like this and just drawn outside the fiber optic loop 4 by the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57.The length L of the optical fiber 4 ' between the one WDM coupling mechanism 56 and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57 is less than half length of fiber optic loop 4, and two WDM all must to be connected with fiber coupler 3 be within the half fiber optic loop length of starting point.Like this, we just can guarantee to have only the flashlight and the control light generation nonlinear interaction of a transmission direction in fiber optic loop 4, and wherein length L is exactly the physical length of control light and flashlight generation nonlinear interaction.The Polarization Controller 55 of three annulars is installed on the optical fiber 54 between a WDM coupling mechanism 56 and the convex lens 53.The effect of this Polarization Controller 55 is to make flashlight consistent with control polarisation of light direction, and cross-phase modulation effect is most effective at this moment, when producing certain nonlinear phase shift, and employed control luminous power minimum.
Flashlight light path 1 is identical with traditional Sagnac photoswitch, and just the input end 1 at flashlight has added the first graded index lenticule 11, polaroid 12, the second graded index lenticule 13 and Faraday polarization apparatus 14, enters fiber coupler 3.Wherein the first graded index lenticule 11 and the second graded index lenticule ' 13 turning axles are on same straight line, and the lenticular focus of two graded indexs overlaps.Polaroid 12 places between the two graded index lenticules 11,13, with the angle of two graded index lenticule turning axles be 45, being centered close on the two graded index lenticule focuses of polaroid 12.Faraday polarization apparatus 14 is between the second graded index lenticule 13 and fiber coupler 3.Among the present invention, flashlight is introduced the first graded index lenticule 11 with optical fiber.Between the second graded index lenticule 13 and the Faraday polarization apparatus 14, all connect between Faraday polarization apparatus 14 and the fiber coupler 3 with optical fiber.The other end 2 of fiber coupler 3 is one section optical fiber.
Compare with traditional Sagnac photoswitch, this optical shaping utensil has following difference:
1, introduce/draw control light at the asymmetric position of fiber optic loop by two WDM, by control light the cross-phase of flashlight is modulated and produced nonlinear phase shift, nonlinear phase shift is Φ
NL=2kn
2I
pL, I here
pBe the light intensity of control light, k is a wave vector, n
2Be nonlinear refractive index, L is exactly the physical length of control light and flashlight generation nonlinear interaction.So just can utilize control light to control the opening and closing of optical shaping device.
2, the fiber coupler of this fiber shaper utilization is 50: 50, and the fiber coupler of traditional Sagnac photoswitch utilization is 50: 50 scarcely.The fiber coupler that utilizes 50: 50 can be with the two-beam of reverse direction transmission in the fiber optic loop since the nonlinear phase shift that produces from phase modulation (PM) offset fully
3, in the flashlight light path, add the graded index lenticule to, polaroid, Faraday polarization apparatus.Faraday polarization apparatus makes the polarization direction rotation 45 through its polarized light, and the polarization signal light of forward transmitted can see through polaroid like this, and the reflected light of reverse transfer just is polarized sheet and reflects.Reflected light can be drawn by this cover system, avoid reflected light entering signal light generation systems.When reflected light is useful signal, can also effectively reflected light be drawn.
The concrete course of work of the present invention is:
From control light input end mouth input control light, control light enters time-delay mechanism, guarantees that by the size of regulating d in the time-delay mechanism time relationship of flashlight and the transmission of control light between two WDM meets our requirement.From the control light process variable optical attenuator of time-delay mechanism outgoing, regulate variable optical attenuator, making the nonlinear phase shift of cross-phase modulation is π just.Convex lens will advance optical fiber from the control optically-coupled of variable optical attenuator outgoing, regulate the Polarization Controller of three annulars, and the polarization direction when making flashlight with the propagation of control light in optical fiber is identical.Control light enters fiber optic loop by a WDM coupling mechanism, is drawn fiber optic loop by the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism.Flashlight is imported from input port, and the polarization direction of flashlight is identical with the polarization direction of polaroid.Flashlight is successively through the first graded index lenticule, polaroid, the second graded index lenticule, Faraday polarization apparatus, fiber coupler, in fiber optic loop, be divided into the opposite light of two bundle transmission directions, wherein have only light on the direction of propagation and control light generation nonlinear interaction.At last, the light pulse from transmission end or reflection end outgoing is exactly the light pulse of process shaping.
Compression pulse contains at the bottom of the end rheobase of broad usually, can utilize optical shaping device of the present invention to eliminate, and promotes the forward position or the edge, front and back of pulse.
When only promoting pulse front edge, from control light input end mouth 5 input control light a, control light a enters time-delay mechanism 51, guarantee the time relationship of flashlight b and the transmission of control light a between a WDM coupling mechanism 56 and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57 by the size of regulating d in the time-delay mechanism 51, identical with Fig. 4.From the control light a process variable optical attenuator 52 of time-delay mechanism 51 outgoing, regulate variable optical attenuator 52, making the nonlinear phase shift of cross-phase modulation is π just.Convex lens 53 will be regulated the Polarization Controller 55 of three annulars from the control light a coupled into optical fibres 54 of variable optical attenuator 52 outgoing, and the polarization direction when making propagation in optical fiber 4 ' of flashlight b and control light a is identical.Control light a enters fiber optic loop 4 by a WDM coupling mechanism 56, is drawn fiber optic loop 4 by the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57.Flashlight b is from 1 input of flashlight input port, and the polarization direction is identical with the polarization direction of polaroid 12.Flashlight b is successively through the first graded index lenticule 11, polaroid 12, the second graded index lenticule 13, Faraday polarization apparatus 14, fiber coupler 3, in fiber optic loop 4, be divided into the opposite light of two bundle transmission directions, wherein have only light on the direction of propagation and control light generation nonlinear interaction.At last, the light pulse from reflector port 15 outgoing is exactly the light pulse of forward position through promoting.
The front and back that promote pulse along the time, basic mode of operation is constant, the time relationship of utilizing time-delay mechanism 51 to regulate control light a and flashlight b, as shown in Figure 5, from the light pulse of transmission port 2 outgoing be exactly before and after along all passing through the lifting light pulse.
Variable optical attenuator 52 is used for regulating control light light intensity, when controlling only polarized light, also can replace with polaroid.
Convex lens 53 are common glass convex lens, are used for optical fiber 54 is advanced in the control optically-coupled, under the smaller situation of control light hot spot, can replace with GRIN Lens.
Fiber segment 4 ' on the fiber optic loop 4 between two the one WDM coupling mechanisms 56 and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57 is used for producing nonlinear effect, it can be identical with the optical fiber of fiber optic loop 4, and also fused fiber splice that can nonlinear factor is bigger is between this two the one WDM coupling mechanism 56 and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism 57.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of full gloss optical reshaper based on Sagnac-ring comprises input end (1), output terminal (2), fiber coupler (3) and fiber optic loop (4), it is characterized in that:
Be provided with the first graded index lenticule (11), polaroid (12), the second graded index lenticule (13) and Faraday polarization apparatus (14) on the signal light path (1) of this input end successively, connect fiber coupler (3) again; The described first graded index lenticule (11) and second graded index lenticule (13) turning axle are on same straight line and confocal, being centered close on two graded index lenticules (11, the 13) focus of this polaroid (12), with the angle of two graded index lenticules (11,13) turning axle be 45 °;
Also be provided with a control light light path (5), be provided with time-delay mechanism (51) successively on this control light light path (5), variable optical attenuator (52), convex lens (53), one fiber segment (54), the Polarization Controller of three annulars (55), the one WDM coupling mechanism (56) and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism (57), one end of this fiber segment (54) is positioned on the focus of these convex lens (53), the other end of this fiber segment (54) is connected on the fiber optic loop (4) by a WDM coupling mechanism (56), being separated by on the fiber optic loop (4) of L with a WDM coupling mechanism (56) is the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism (57), and L is less than the semi-perimeter of fiber optic loop (4), and the Polarization Controller of described three annulars (55) is installed on this fiber segment (54).
2, full gloss optical reshaper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described time-delay mechanism (51) is to be made of four completely reflecting mirrors: the central axis angle at 45 of the minute surface of first catoptron (511) and control light transmission, second catoptron (512) is relative and parallel with the minute surface of first catoptron (511), the minute surface of the 3rd catoptron (513) and second catoptron (512) is relative and become 90 °, the 4th catoptron (514) is relative and parallel with the minute surface of the 3rd catoptron (513), all on the central axis of control light transmission, the distance between first catoptron (511) and the 4th catoptron (514) and second catoptron (512) and the 3rd catoptron (513) all is d at the center of four catoptrons.
3, full gloss optical reshaper according to claim 1 is characterized in that described variable optical attenuator (51,52) can replace with polaroid.
4, full gloss optical reshaper according to claim 1 is characterized in that described convex lens (53) are common glass convex lens, can replace with GRIN Lens.
5, full gloss optical reshaper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the fiber segment (4 ') between the WDM coupling mechanism (56) and the 2nd WDM coupling mechanism (57) can be identical with the optical fiber of fiber optic loop (4) on the described fiber optic loop, also can be with the bigger fused fiber splice of nonlinear factor between this two WDM coupling mechanism.
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| CNB2003101095138A CN1273847C (en) | 2003-12-17 | 2003-12-17 | Multipurpose full gloss optical shaper based on sagnac ring |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102098107A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-06-15 | 浙江大学 | Ultra wideband pulse signal generator |
| CN113328331A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-31 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sagnac ring ultra-short pulse laser generator based on high saturation absorption |
-
2003
- 2003-12-17 CN CNB2003101095138A patent/CN1273847C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102098107A (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2011-06-15 | 浙江大学 | Ultra wideband pulse signal generator |
| CN113328331A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-31 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sagnac ring ultra-short pulse laser generator based on high saturation absorption |
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|---|---|
| CN1273847C (en) | 2006-09-06 |
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