CN1544775A - Composite energy saving building blocks and method for making same - Google Patents
Composite energy saving building blocks and method for making same Download PDFInfo
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- CN1544775A CN1544775A CNA2003101100028A CN200310110002A CN1544775A CN 1544775 A CN1544775 A CN 1544775A CN A2003101100028 A CNA2003101100028 A CN A2003101100028A CN 200310110002 A CN200310110002 A CN 200310110002A CN 1544775 A CN1544775 A CN 1544775A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a compound energy saving building block and its making method, at present compounded of bearing block, heat-preserving plate, lacing wire, surface layer, and so on. Two ends of the heat-preserving plate are made with inclined anticracking slots, there are air exhaust grooves made on the vertical concave and convex slot, there are cement seam pressure strips on the transverse groove, there are air exhaust holes made on the cement-seam pressure strips, and there are protective films on the lacing wires; and it is made by special techniques of screening antirust low conductive liquor, waterproofing agent and framework material, etc. It has simple and convenient construction, enhances constructing efficiency, has low engineering cost, short working cycle, etc. and it ensures the quality of architectural engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement of composite block, belong to the building unit that building engineering field is made of different materials.
Background technology
The at present load-bearing in industry and civilian construction or the composite block with load-bearing and heat insulating functions of the outer body of wall application of non-bearing, mainly be composited, for example Chinese patent No. 96218752.6 " energy-efficient building block ", 96222698.X number " concrete wall composite thermal insulation hollow block ", No. 89204080.7 " a kind of new construction material-omnipotent building block " and the inventor No. 01221975.4 " compound non-bearing heat-preserving building block " etc. by concrete bearing block, warming plate, lacing wire, concrete pavement etc.But this class composite block finds still to exist following weak point through the examination of engineering practice:
1, in existing composite block in order to make concrete bearing block, concrete pavement and warming plate that good combination be arranged, mostly have dovetail groove in the warming plate two sides, in order to guarantee the effective thickness unanimity of warming plate, this dovetail groove corresponding the offering that all misplace, so just dovetail groove can't be reached the termination of warming plate, must leave the plane of one section no dovetail groove in the warming plate termination, this just causes the termination of building block concrete pavement and the adhesion between warming plate to reduce, and therefore produces cracking easily at position, concrete pavement termination.Behind the external wall plastering, rainwater enters in the walling unit from cracking easily, makes exterior wall quality problems such as crack occur.
2, very close to each other after the existing composite block end face butt joint, mortar can't enter in the building block when building by laying bricks or stones, the surface layer laid dry occurs, builds the back metope of plastering by laying bricks or stones and the crack very easily occurs, influences wall quality.
3, in composite block, mostly use the warming plate of making by high flame retardant type polystyrene foam plastics, played insulation and heat insulation double action.But the employing of warming plate has reduced the gas permeability of composite block self, has completely cut off the convection action of body of wall inner air and outer air.After building by laying bricks or stones As time goes on, summer in winter variation of temperature, the moisture content in body of wall can produce a large amount of water vapours summer, produces condensed water in various degree winter, water vapour that these can not in time be got rid of or condensed water are difficult to discharge the body of wall after building by laying bricks or stones, bring hidden danger to construction quality.Because the existence of these water vapours or condensed water, the metope bottom that the body of wall after building by laying bricks or stones is inboard every layer will produce tangible moist phenomenon, have the globule to form when serious, influence the life-span and the service property (quality) of monolithic architecture.
4, in composite block in order to increase by three layers of load-bearing blocks, warming plate, surface layer tension, the shear resistance after compound, adopted metal lacing wire (as contact pin type lacing wire, I-shaped lacing wire etc.).Though lacing wire can be selected nonmetals such as nylon rod, rigid plastics rod etc. for use, cost is too high.This metal lacing wire is very easy to the oxidation and rusting corrosion in ventilative with moist concrete wall, influence the adhesion between load-bearing block, warming plate, the surface layer three in the building block greatly, consequence such as cause that surface layer comes off when serious; And the coefficient of thermal conductivity of metal lacing wire is big, influences the heat insulation effect of body of wall.The drawknot ability of existing simultaneously contact pin type lacing wire, I-shaped lacing wire is also not enough.
5, composite block can be made into bearing building block, non-bearing building block, particularly when making the non-bearing building block, has adopted light collection aggregate such as slag, flyash, crushed crude pearlite, float stone etc. in concrete, and these material water absorption rates are very big; Building block self compressive strength is low in addition, if the not strict control of the particle of aggregate fills insulation layer both sides dovetail groove inner concrete occurs with not full phenomenon, cause the building block adhesion to reduce, meet moist rainwater when immersing, very easily cause concrete powder separate loose, the block faces pull-up falls etc.
These weak points are all brought hidden danger to building operations, the life-span and the service property (quality) of influence building, serious restriction applying of this series products.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of composite energy-saving building block.
This composite energy-saving building block comprises load-bearing block, warming plate, surface layer, the corresponding dovetail groove that has of (being on the warming plate two sides) dislocation on the contact surface of warming plate and load-bearing block, surface layer, have horizontal Baltimore groove in the above and below of warming plate, an end face at warming plate has the longitudinal concave groove, another end face correspondence at warming plate has vertical convex slot, is characterized in having oblique stress relieving grooving at the two ends of the contact surface of warming plate and load-bearing block, surface layer; On longitudinal concave groove and vertical convex slot, have corresponding exhaust groove; Be respectively equipped with the ash mouth between surface layer both ends of the surface and warming plate both ends of the surface; Between load-bearing block, warming plate, surface layer, be provided with annular tension rib; In the horizontal Baltimore groove of warming plate, be fitted with the mortar joint press strip.
The cross sectional shape of mortar joint press strip is cross or T-shaped, has steam vent on the mortar joint press strip.Add matcoveredn on annular tension rib, topping constitutes by wrapping up or being sleeved on the lip-deep thin film of annular tension rib.
The above and below of warming plate also can simultaneously have horizontal Baltimore groove, and another side is the plane; The end face of warming plate also can all have the longitudinal concave groove, the vertical mortar joint press strip that inserts when building by laying bricks or stones.
Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of this composite energy-saving building block.
The preparation method of this composite energy-saving building block may further comprise the steps:
(1) give the system warming plate: with the flame retardant type expandable polystyrene bead is raw material, send out through giving, slaking, aerating, cooling and demolding, and a hot briquetting, standby after 25-35 days through the constant temperature post cure again;
(2) give the annular tension rib of system: after Contraband shape is made in the steel wire cut-out, immerse in the antirust low drain and soaked 2-5 minute, it is standby that the back is dried in taking-up:
(3) aggregate screening: send vibrosieve with broken aggregate, sub-elect particle diameter be not more than 12 millimeters be not more than 3 millimeters standby as coarse aggregate and particle diameter as fines;
(4) give the dress tension rib: (2) gained Contraband shape tension rib is inserted in (1) gained warming plate, and Contraband shape tension rib is curved annular tension rib;
(5) ready-mixed concrete: determine the match ratio ready-mixed concrete of each raw material in the concrete and add waterproof agent according to the strength grade of building block;
(6) make building block: will give the special-purpose building block moulding box that the warming plate that installs annular tension rib is put into block machine, concrete perfusion, the demoulding after the vibration moulding gets composite energy-saving building block of the present invention after maintenance.
Warming plate among the present invention, mortar joint press strip are the polystyrene foam plate EPS (benzene plate) that makes of raw material except that selecting for use by the flame retardant type expandable polystyrene bead, also can select extruded polystyrene cystosepiment XPS, rock cotton board etc. for use, and adopt existing raw material and technology to make, adjust the insulation requirement that warming plate thickness and density can satisfy different regions, different buildings.
Annular tension rib among the present invention is selected material such as mild steel steel wire, aluminium zinc-iron line for use; Topping on the annular tension rib is made of the antirust low drain that is wrapped in annular tension rib surface, also can be made of the plastics that are sleeved on annular tension rib surface, nylon sleeve.
Antirust low drain among the present invention is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion:
No. 30 oil pitch prills or coal tar or newborn burnt liquid (optional one) 40-60 part
Natrium nitrosum 2-4 part
Urea 2-4 part
Graphite powder or stone flour (optional one) 5-7 part
Compound method:
After No. 30 oil pitch prills or coal tar is heated to fusing, add natrium nitrosum, urea again, mix stir 15-25 minute, add graphite powder or stone flour when temperature is reduced to 30-40 ℃, stir antirust low drain.
Or in the burnt liquid of breast, add natrium nitrosum, urea, mix to stir 15-25 minute, add graphite powder or stone flour again, stir antirust low drain.
Selected aggregate comprises slag, slag, perlite or materials such as sandstone, stone flour among the present invention.Best coarse aggregate size is the 3-8 millimeter, and best fines particle diameter is the 1-3 millimeter.
Waterproof agent among the present invention is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion:
Solid calcium chloride 8-12 part
Water 9-13 part
Aluminium chloride 0.5-1.5 part
Compound method: after putting into the water stirring and dissolving after the solid calcium chloride pulverizing, add aluminium chloride, dissolve after sedimentation and filtration is got filtrate and got waterproof agent.
1 kilogram of waterproof agent adds the dilution of 20 kg of water during use.
Composite energy-saving building block of the present invention is structurally improved rationally more: the oblique stress relieving grooving that has at the warming plate edge has strengthened the adhesion at surface layer two ends and warming plate two ends, avoids building block surface layer two ends to produce the crack, makes metope not be prone to cracking phenomena; Vertical convex slot of warming plate end face and longitudinal concave groove butt joint after the concrete block masonry, exhaust groove on it also docks and forms vent longitudinally, after steam vent in this vent and the horizontal Baltimore groove on the equipped mortar joint press strip is communicated with, formed the exhaust passage in the body of wall, when building by laying bricks or stones boxed out in exhaust passage and giving of architectural top and bottom, or with the collar tie beam of framework, the alignment of boxing out of giving on the beam, the water vapour that produces summer can upwards be got rid of outside the body of wall through the exhaust passage like this, the condensed water that produce winter can be got rid of outside the body of wall downwards through the exhaust passage, thereby has thoroughly solved the phenomenon of using the moist moisture content of warming plate back wall to get rid of in the building block; The setting of ash mouthful and adopt the mortar joint press strip makes that level and vertical direction all leave gap (mortar joint) after the concrete block masonry, and the mortar of outer wall surface is entered between the building block, has guaranteed the exterior wall quality; Effectively blocked " mortar joint heat bridge " after warming plate in the building block, the butt joint of mortar joint press strip, insulation layer forms an integral body in body of wall, whole metope is not dispelled the heat a little, has strengthened the heat-insulating property of body of wall.
On the manufacturing process of building block, used cheap metal tension rib, the diaphragm that the antirust low drain of parcel one deck forms on tension rib constitutes topping, or at annular tension rib surface suit layer of plastic film formation topping, can make the tension rib Never-rusty, also reduce the coefficient of thermal conductivity of building block simultaneously; Aggregate in concrete is through screening, guaranteed that concrete can be full of in the dovetail groove of warming plate, the oblique stress relieving grooving, and the selecting for use of annular tension rib, tension, the shear strength of building block have all been strengthened, simultaneously in concrete, add waterproof agent, reduced concrete water absorption rate, also reduced the moisture content of building block itself, make concrete and warming plate reach better compound, improved the comprehensive quality index of product.
Adopt composite energy-saving concrete block masonry wall construction of the present invention simple and convenient, improved efficiency of construction, construction costs is low, the duration is short, the wall thermal insulating of building by laying bricks or stones is good, metope is not prone to quality problems such as cracking scaling surface layer comes off, strengthened the anti-impact force of body of wall, especially solved that the similar products body of wall is moist technical barrier such as to be difficult for getting rid of, the metal lacing wire is easily got rusty, coefficient of thermal conductivity is big, guaranteed construction engineering quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of composite energy-saving building block of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the user mode transverse cross-sectional view after the building block level is built butt joint by laying bricks or stones.
Fig. 4 is the user mode longitudinal sectional drawing after building block is vertically built by laying bricks or stones.
Among the figure: 1 load-bearing block, 2 warming plates, 3 surface layers, 4 annular tension ribs, 5 mortar joint press strips, 6 dovetail grooves, 7 oblique stress relieving groovings, 8 vertical convex slots, 9 longitudinal concave grooves, 10 horizontal Baltimore grooves, 11 exhaust grooves, 12 ash mouths, 13 mortars, 14 vents, 15 steam vents.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described.But the present invention is not limited to embodiment, and those of ordinary skills do some modification, all in protection domain of the present invention.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1,2, this composite energy-saving building block is made of load-bearing block 1, warming plate 2, surface layer 3 and the annular tension rib 4 that is compounded between load-bearing block, warming plate, the surface layer.The corresponding dovetail groove 6 that has of dislocation has oblique stress relieving grooving 7 at the two ends of warming plate on warming plate and load-bearing block, surface layer contact surface; Have horizontal Baltimore groove 10 in the above and below of warming plate, an end face at warming plate has longitudinal concave groove 9, another end face correspondence at warming plate has vertical convex slot 8, has corresponding exhaust groove 11 on longitudinal concave groove and vertical convex slot; Between surface layer both ends of the surface and warming plate both ends of the surface, be respectively equipped with ash mouth 12; On annular tension rib, add matcoveredn; In the horizontal Baltimore groove of warming plate, be fitted with criss-cross mortar joint press strip 5, on the mortar joint press strip, have steam vent 15.
The building block level build butt joint by laying bricks or stones and vertically build by laying bricks or stones after user mode shown in Fig. 3,4, vertical convex slot of level butt joint back warming plate end face and the butt joint of longitudinal concave groove, the exhaust Baltimore groove on it also docks and forms vent 14 longitudinally.Vertically build back mortar joint press strip by laying bricks or stones and put into groove to Baltimore groove, make the steam vent 15 on the mortar joint press strip aim at vents, the horizontal ash when both having guaranteed to build by laying bricks or stones mouthful is communicated with vent again and has formed the exhaust passage in the body of wall.
Composite energy-saving building block of the present invention can be made into for building main piece of bearing type composite energy-saving building block (as bearing wall) and non-bearing type composite energy-saving building block (as filled wall) according to the use occasion difference, also can be made into and the matching used quoin of main piece according to technical scheme of the present invention, the joint block that is connected with constructional column, stem stem, beam etc., and have composite energy-saving building block of outside finish etc., and make different densities grade and strength grade, have wide range of applications.After inside was on probation, every technical performance all reached ideal effect, especially reaches the requirement of nation-building portion building energy conservation 50% at northern frore area, met national walling innovation policy, will be applied widely.
Embodiment 1:
Make bearing type composite energy-saving building block (structure such as Fig. 1)
Specification: 390 millimeters * 320 millimeters * 190 millimeters (length * wide * height)
Strength grade: 13.1MPa
Make 1000 (23.8m
3) required materials are as follows:
1, warming plate: 415 millimeters * 80 millimeters * 190 millimeters of specifications (length * wide * height)
Warming plate simultaneously is provided with 5 of dovetail grooves, and another side is established 4 of dovetail grooves, 12 millimeters of groove depths, 34.5 millimeters of dovetail groove bottom width, 25 ° at base angle.2 every of oblique stress relieving groovings, average wide 16 millimeters, apart from 12 millimeters of warming plate end faces.Exhaust groove is semicircle, 5 millimeters of radiuses.
With the flame retardant type expandable polystyrene bead is raw material, adopts a hot briquetting of prior art to make.
Every heavy 105 grams need 1000, the gross weight 105 kg altogether.
2, tension rib: material Φ 2.5 mild steel steel wires, establish 2 for every, every is long 0.78 meter, needs 2000 altogether, 72 kilograms of gross weights.
Adopting the method for 1.2 kilograms of antirust low drains of per 100 kilograms of tension rib dipping is that tension rib adds diaphragm, and 2000 tension ribs need 0.433 kilogram of antirust low drain.
3, load-bearing block, surface layer use concrete batching as follows:
15232 kilograms of coarse aggregate chicken girts (being selected from quarry, suburbs, Jilin);
3332 kilograms in fines microlith powder (being selected from quarry, suburbs, Jilin);
1904 kilograms in flyash (steam power plant's wet-discharged coal ash is closed in the west, Jilin);
8568 kilograms of cement (east, Ji Cement Group Jilin company 42.5 portland slag cements);
3332 kilograms in water;
59.5 kilograms of waterproof agents;
4, cross mortar joint press strip: 1200 millimeters * 70 millimeters * 50 millimeters of specifications (length * loose * height)
On the mortar joint press strip every 200 millimeters steam vents of opening 6 millimeters of 1 diameters.
With the flame retardant type expandable polystyrene bead is raw material, adopts a hot briquetting of prior art to make.
Every heavy 68 grams, need 333 of adapteds, 22.6 kilograms of gross weights altogether by long 1200 millimeters.
Preparation method is as follows: choosing the flame retardant type expandable polystyrene bead that meets the GB/T1081.1 national standard is raw material, send out through giving, hot briquettings of prior art such as slaking, aerating, cooling and demolding make warming plate, and are standby behind constant temperature post cure under 30 days 20 ℃ of-30 ℃ of conditions again; After choosing Φ 2.5 mild steel steel wires and making Contraband shape, immerse to soak in the antirust low drain to take out after 3 minutes and dry to such an extent that Contraband shape tension rib is standby; Contraband shape tension rib is inserted in the warming plate, and Contraband shape tension rib is curved annular tension rib, make annular tension rib be arranged in the both sides of warming plate and warming plate; Aggregate is pulverized, gone out the coarse aggregate of particle diameter 3-8 millimeter and the fines of particle diameter 1-3 millimeter, add ready-mixed concrete such as cement, flyash and add waterproof agent with bolting; The warming plate that installs annular tension rib is put into the special-purpose building block moulding box of the QTJ3-35B type block machine that Haimen City, Jiangsu Province machine tool factory produces, concrete perfusion vibration moulding, the demoulding is after maintenance gets composite energy-saving building block product.
The bearing type composite energy-saving building block product of trial-production detects through Jilin Province's construction engineering quality inspection center, product quality examining report such as table 1.
Table 1
Jilin Province construction engineering quality inspection center
The product quality inspection report
Province builds quality inspection (block) word (2003) No. 334
| Interventions Requested | Unit | Standard index | Assay |
| Dimensional errors | ????mm | Long ± 2 wide ± 2 height ± 2 | ??+1、-1、+1 |
| The truncation arrisdefect | Individual | High-class product does not have | Do not have |
| 3 direction projection values are not more than | ????mm | High-class product does not have | Do not have |
| Fracture extension accumulative total size | ????mm | High-class product does not have | Do not have |
| Density rating | ??Kg/m 3 | ??????≤1100 | ?????1038 |
| Coefficient of softening | ??????≥0.75 | ?????0.96 | |
| The carbonization coefficient | ??????≥0.8 | ?????0.97 | |
| Water absorption rate | ????％ | ??????≤15 | ??????8.5 |
| Relative moisture content | ????％ | ??????≤35 | ?????31.8 |
| Contract with dry rate | ????％ | ?????0.043 | |
| Frost resistance | ????％ | F30 mass loss≤5 losss of strength≤25 | ??????1.6 ??????7.1 |
| Shear strength | ???KN/m 2 | ??????≥50 | ??????64.1 |
| Tensile strength | ???KN/m 2 | ??????≥50 | ??????120 |
| Compressive strength | ????MPa | ??????≥7.5 | ??????13.1 |
| Mortar strength | ????MPa | ??????≥5.0 | ??????5.2 |
| Remarks | Check unit stamp (summary) | ||
Conclusion: the key technical indexes such as the equal accord with Q of every after testing technical indicator/CYHSJ02-2002 company standard, especially water absorption rate, tensile strength, shear strength, compressive strength obviously are better than the company standard regulation.
Embodiment 2:
Make non-bearing type composite energy-saving building block (structure such as Fig. 1)
Specification: 390 millimeters * 300 millimeters * 190 millimeters
Strength grade: 2.5MPa
Make 1000 (22.2m
3) required materials are as follows:
1, warming plate: 415 millimeters * 80 millimeters * 190 millimeters of specifications
Warming plate simultaneously is provided with 5 of dovetail grooves, and another side is established 4 of dovetail grooves, 15 millimeters of groove depths, 34.5 millimeters of dovetail groove bottom width, 25 ° at base angle.2 every of oblique stress relieving groovings, average wide 16 millimeters, apart from 12 millimeters of warming plate end faces.Exhaust groove is semicircle, 5 millimeters of radiuses.
With the flame retardant type expandable polystyrene bead is raw material, adopts a hot briquetting of prior art to make.
Every heavy 105 grams need 1000, the gross weight 105 kg altogether.
2, tension rib: material Φ 2.5 mild steel steel wires, establish 2 for every, every is long 0.78 meter, needs 2000 altogether, and 72 kilograms of gross weights need 0.433 kilogram of antirust low drain.
(if the building block surface layer also need install ornament materials additional outward, should set up annular tension rib in building block, to improve the tensile strength of building block).
3, load-bearing block, surface layer use concrete batching as follows:
8214 kilograms in coarse aggregate slag (winter, the city purchase was deposited more than half a year);
1575 kilograms of fines pulverized slags (winter, the city purchase was deposited more than half a year);
2220 kilograms in flyash (steam power plant's wet-discharged coal ash is closed in the west, Jilin);
4500 kilograms of cement (east, Ji Cement Group Jilin company 32.5 portland slag cements);
2220 kilograms in water;
99.9 kilograms of waterproof agents.
4, cross mortar joint press strip; 1200 millimeters * 70 millimeters * 50 millimeters of specifications
On the mortar joint press strip every 200 millimeters steam vents of opening 6 millimeters of 1 diameters.
With the flame retardant type expandable polystyrene bead is raw material, adopts a hot briquetting of prior art to make.
Every heavy 68 grams, need 333 of adapteds, 22.6 kilograms of gross weights altogether by long 1200 millimeters.
The preparation method of building block is with embodiment 1.
The non-bearing type composite energy-saving building block of trial-production detects through Jilin Province's construction engineering quality inspection center, product quality examining report such as table 2.
Table 2
Jilin Province construction engineering quality inspection center
The product quality inspection report
Province builds quality inspection (block) word (2003) No. 91
| Interventions Requested | Unit | Standard index | Measured result |
| Dimensional errors | ????mm | Long ± 2 wide ± 2 height ± 2 | ?+1、-1、+1 |
| The truncation arrisdefect | Individual | High-class product does not have | Do not have |
| 3 direction projection values are not more than | ????mm | High-class product does not have | Do not have |
| Fracture extension accumulative total size | ????mm | High-class product does not have | Do not have |
| Density rating | ??Kg/m 3 | ??????????610-700 | ?????640 |
| Compressive strength | ????MPa | Average 〉=2.5 minimum value 2.0 | ??2.5，2.3 |
| Water absorption rate | ????％ | ??????????＜22 | ?????10 |
| Relative moisture content | ????％ | ??????????＜35 | ?????12.5 |
| Frost resistance | ????％ | ??????????＜25 | ?????14.0 |
| Coefficient of softening | ?????????＞0.75 | ?????0.88 | |
| The carbonization coefficient | ??????????＞0.8 | ?????0.92 | |
| Shear strength | ??KN/m 2 | ??????????≥10 | ?????25 |
| Tensile strength | ??KN/m 2 | ??????????≥10 | ?????15 |
| Bonding force | ??KN/m 3 | ??????????7.5 | ?????10 |
| Remarks | Check unit stamp (summary) | ||
Conclusion: the key technical indexes such as the equal accord with Q of every after testing technical indicator/CYHSJ01-2001 company standard, especially water absorption rate, tensile strength, shear strength, compressive strength obviously are better than the company standard regulation.
The preparation of antirust low drain and contrast test thereof
Prepare antirust low drain each raw material proportioning such as table 3.
Table 3
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| No. 30 oil pitch prills (kg) | ???50 | ||
| Coal tar (kg) | ???40 | ||
| Breast burnt liquid (kg) | ???60 | ||
| Natrium nitrosum (kg) | ???2 | ????3 | ???4 |
| Urea (kg) | ???2 | ????3 | ???4 |
| Graphite powder (kg) | ???5 | ||
| Stone flour (kg) | ????6 | ???7 |
Each raw material all is selected from commercially available qualified products among the embodiment:
Raw material manufacturer
No. 30 oily factory is practiced by oil pitch prill Jiization group
Coal tar grand celebration oil refinery
Changyi District chemical plant, breast burnt liquid Jilin
Chemical plant, natrium nitrosum Jinzhou
Chemical fertilizer factory of urea Jiization group
Graphite powder Jilin Longtan District graphite factory
The quartzy factory in stone flour Jilin
The metal tension rib of test 1 usefulness embodiment, 1,2 gained bearing types and the building block of non-bearing type composite energy-saving and same size does not add the existing composite block of diaphragm and opposes than test its result such as table 4.
Table 4
| Existing composite block | Composite energy-saving building block of the present invention | ||||||
| Bearing type | The non-bearing type | Bearing type | The non-bearing type | ||||
| Get rusty the time | Coefficient of thermal conductivity | Get rusty the time | Coefficient of thermal conductivity | Get rusty the time | Coefficient of thermal conductivity | Get rusty the time | Coefficient of thermal conductivity |
| 80 days postpartum | ??0.071W/mk | 30 days postpartum | ??0.061W/mk | Do not see 280 days postpartum and get rusty | ?0.046W/mk | Do not see 340 days postpartum and get rusty | ??0.038W/mk |
Conclusion: after composite energy-saving building block metal tension rib of the present invention added diaphragm, the test examination was not seen the phenomenon of getting rusty in nearly 300 days yet, and its coefficient of thermal conductivity obviously reduces, and has improved the quality of building block.
The preparation of waterproof agent and contrast test thereof
Preparation waterproof agent each raw material proportioning such as table 5.
Table 5
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Solid calcium chloride (kg) | ????8 | ???10 | ????12 |
| Water (kg) | ????9 | ???11 | ????13 |
| Aluminium chloride (kg) | ????0.5 | ????1 | ????1.5 |
Each raw material all is selected from commercially available qualified products among the embodiment:
Raw material quality specifications manufacturer
Solid calcium chloride QXCB-003-91 Harbin City chemical industry chemical agent factory
Aluminium chloride HQ3-927-97 Tianjin Da Mao chemical agent factory
Table 6
| Water absorption rate % | Compressive strength MPa | Build the back quality examination by laying bricks or stones | ||
| Existing composite block | Bearing type | ????12 | ?????7.5 | Block surfaces is loosened after 2 year rainwater drench |
| The non-bearing type | ????19 | ?????2.2 | Block surfaces is loosened after 1.5 year rainwater drench | |
| Composite energy-saving building block of the present invention | Bearing type | ????8.5 | ?????7.5 | Block surfaces is not loosened after 2 year rainwater drench |
| The non-bearing type | ????10 | ?????2.2 | Block surfaces is not loosened after 1.5 year rainwater drench |
Conclusion: composite energy-saving building block of the present invention obviously descends the building block water absorption rate add waterproof agent in concrete after, and compressive strength does not change, and has improved the quality of building block.
Test 3:
Through the composite energy-saving building block of the present invention of aggregate screening and the performance comparison of prior art composite block
Existing composite block with embodiment 2 gained non-bearing composite energy-saving building blocks and the unscreened same specification of aggregate is done the performance comparison test, its result such as table 7.
Table 7
| Compressive strength | Dovetail groove inner concrete situation | Gas permeability | The facing surface particle | |
| Existing composite block | ??2.0MPa | Fill not full | Ventilative | Inhomogeneous |
| Building block of the present invention | ??2.5MPa | Fill full | Little ventilative | Evenly |
Conclusion: composite energy-saving building block of the present invention makes concrete fill full, the facing surface uniform particles of dovetail groove after screening through aggregate, has improved the compressive strength of building block.
Test 4:
Be the outstanding technological progress of examination checking composite energy-saving building block of the present invention, choose 3 kinds of composite blocks that prior art is made that Jilin (1), Changchun (2), Tianjin (3) certain factory of the bearing type of embodiment 1,2 gained and composite energy-saving building block of non-bearing type and specification of the same race produce, to building block with after the body of wall after building by laying bricks or stones the actual measurement, its technical performance test result is to such as table 8.
Table 8
| Bearing type | The non-bearing type | ||||
| Prior art building block (1) | Prior art building block (2) | Building block of the present invention | Prior art building block (3) | Building block of the present invention | |
| Concrete | Common | Common | Common | Slag | Slag |
| Specification mm | 390×320×190 | ?390×320×190 | ?390×320×190 | 390×300×190 | 390×300×190 |
| Tensile strength KN/m 2 | ??????23 | ??????19 | ??????120 | ??????5 | ??????15 |
| Shear strength KN/m 2 | ???????7 | ??????11 | ?????64.10 | ??????6 | ??????25 |
| Wall heat resistance m 2·K/W | ??????1.4 | ?????1.64 | ?????1.87 | ?????1.11 | ?????2.285 |
| Thermal transmittance W/m 2·K | ??????0.5 | ?????0.511 | ?????0.495 | ?????0.511 | ?????0.409 |
| Density rating kg/m 2 | ?????1100 | ?????1050 | ?????1038 | ??????750 | ??????640 |
| The heavy kg of monolithic | ??????26 | ??????25 | ??????23 | ??????18 | ??????15 |
| Compressive strength MPa | ??????12 | ?????11.1 | ?????13.1 | ??????2.2 | ??????2.5 |
| Frost resistance: loss of strength % | ??????9 | ??????10 | ?????7.1 | ??????16 | ??????14 |
| Coefficient of softening | ?????0.98 | ?????0.97 | ?????0.96 | ??????0.88 | ??????0.88 |
| The carbonization coefficient | ?????0.99 | ?????0.93 | ?????0.97 | ??????1.00 | ??????0.92 |
| Contract with dry rate % | ?????0.047 | ?????0.048 | ?????0.043 | ??????0.053 | ??????0.51 |
| Water absorption rate % | ??????16 | ??????17 | ?????8.5 | ??????19 | ??????10 |
Conclusion: basic mechanical design features such as the tensile strength of composite energy-saving building block of the present invention, shear strength, wall heat resistance, thermal transmittance, water absorption rate all obviously are better than prior art.
In every layer of bottom of building humidity in winter, serious have the obvious globule, and do not see moist phenomenon with the body of wall chamber internal surface of composite energy-saving concrete block masonry of the present invention through the body of wall chamber internal surface of construction quality examination prior art concrete block masonry, and effect is obvious.
Claims (13)
1, a kind of composite energy-saving building block, be composited by load-bearing block, warming plate, surface layer, the corresponding dovetail groove that has of dislocation on the contact surface of warming plate and load-bearing block, surface layer, have horizontal Baltimore groove in the above and below of warming plate, an end face at warming plate has the longitudinal concave groove, another end face correspondence at warming plate has vertical convex slot, it is characterized in that having oblique stress relieving grooving at the two ends of the contact surface of warming plate and load-bearing block, surface layer; On longitudinal concave groove and vertical convex slot, have corresponding exhaust groove; Be respectively equipped with the ash mouth between surface layer both ends of the surface and warming plate both ends of the surface; Between load-bearing block, warming plate, surface layer, be provided with annular tension rib; In the horizontal Baltimore groove of warming plate, be fitted with the mortar joint press strip.
2, composite energy-saving building block according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cross sectional shape of mortar joint press strip is cross or T-shaped, has steam vent on the mortar joint press strip.
3, composite energy-saving building block according to claim 1 is characterized in that adding matcoveredn on annular tension rib, and topping constitutes by wrapping up or being sleeved on the lip-deep thin film of annular tension rib.
4, composite energy-saving building block according to claim 1 is characterized in that the above and below of warming plate also can simultaneously have horizontal Baltimore groove, and another side is the plane; The end face of warming plate also can all have the longitudinal concave groove.
5, the preparation method of the composite energy-saving building block of claim 1 is characterized in that preparation method may further comprise the steps:
(1) give the system warming plate: with the flame retardant type expandable polystyrene bead is raw material, send out through giving, slaking, aerating, cooling and demolding, and a hot briquetting, standby after 25-35 days through the constant temperature post cure again;
(2) give the annular tension rib of system: after Contraband shape is made in the steel wire cut-out, immerse in the antirust low drain and soaked 2-5 minute, it is standby that the back is dried in taking-up;
(3) aggregate screening: send vibrosieve with broken aggregate, sub-elect particle diameter be not more than 12 millimeters be not more than 3 millimeters standby as coarse aggregate and particle diameter as fines;
(4) give the dress tension rib: (2) gained Contraband shape tension rib is inserted in (1) gained warming plate, and Contraband shape tension rib is curved annular tension rib;
(5) ready-mixed concrete: determine the match ratio ready-mixed concrete of each raw material in the concrete and add waterproof agent according to the strength grade of building block;
(6) make building block: will give the special-purpose building block moulding box that the warming plate that installs annular tension rib is put into block machine, concrete perfusion, the demoulding after the vibration moulding gets composite energy-saving building block of the present invention after maintenance.
6, the preparation method of composite energy-saving building block according to claim 5 is characterized in that warming plate, mortar joint press strip also can select extruded polystyrene cystosepiment XPS, rock cotton board for use.
7, the preparation method of composite energy-saving building block according to claim 5 is characterized in that material selection mild steel steel wire, the aluminium zinc-iron line of annular tension rib.
8, the preparation method of composite energy-saving building block according to claim 5; it is characterized in that the topping on the annular tension rib is made of the antirust low drain that is wrapped in annular tension rib surface, also can be made of the plastics that are sleeved on annular tension rib surface, nylon sleeve.
9, the preparation method of composite energy-saving building block according to claim 5 is characterized in that antirust low drain is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion:
No. 30 oil pitch prills or coal tar or newborn burnt liquid 40-60 part
Natrium nitrosum 2-4 part
Urea 2-4 part
Graphite powder or stone flour 5-7 part.
10, the preparation method of composite energy-saving building block according to claim 9, the compound method that it is characterized in that antirust low drain is: after No. 30 oil pitch prills or coal tar are heated to fusing, add natrium nitrosum, urea again, mix to stir 15-25 minute, add graphite powder or stone flour when temperature is reduced to 30-40 ℃, stir antirust low drain.
11, the preparation method of composite energy-saving building block according to claim 9, the compound method that it is characterized in that antirust low drain is: add natrium nitrosum, urea in the burnt liquid of breast, mix to stir 15-25 minute, and added graphite powder or stone flour again, stir antirust low drain.
12, the preparation method of composite energy-saving building block according to claim 5 is characterized in that waterproof agent is formulated by the raw material of following weight portion:
Solid calcium chloride 8-12 part
Water 9-13 part
Aluminium chloride 0.5-1.5 part.
13, the preparation method of composite energy-saving building block according to claim 12, the compound method that it is characterized in that waterproof agent are after putting into the water stirring and dissolving after solid calcium chloride is pulverized, to add aluminium chloride, dissolve after sedimentation and filtration is got filtrate and got waterproof agent.
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| CN 200310110002 CN1237243C (en) | 2003-11-11 | 2003-11-11 | Composite energy saving building blocks and method for making same |
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| CN 200310110002 CN1237243C (en) | 2003-11-11 | 2003-11-11 | Composite energy saving building blocks and method for making same |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1821522B (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2010-09-22 | 上海奥伯应用技术工程有限公司 | Composite heat insulation and protection brick or block and its producing and laying method |
| CN101016787B (en) * | 2007-02-10 | 2011-07-20 | 福建省卓越鸿昌建材装备股份有限公司 | Improved structure of insulating brick |
| CN102304955A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-01-04 | 六盘水恒远新型建材有限公司 | Composite self-heat-insulation concrete hollow building block and production method thereof |
| CN101736831B (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2012-05-23 | 祁魁 | Method for insulating breathable external wall |
| CN102031845B (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2012-07-04 | 上海奥伯应用技术工程有限公司 | Hoop composite insulating brick or building block and manufacturing and building methods thereof |
| CN103276845A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-09-04 | 浙江绿建住宅科技有限公司 | Brickwork of prefabricated outer wall and processing technology of brickwork |
| CN105297996A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-03 | 许浒 | Dry-hang self-ornamental impervious insulation building block |
| CN106517988A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-03-22 | 德化县合兴新型墙体材料有限责任公司 | Coal gangue-sintered self-insulation composite masonry block and preparation method thereof |
| CN107574952A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-12 | 浙江世贸装饰股份有限公司 | A kind of damp-proofing wall and its construction technology |
| CN107574967A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-01-12 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of preparation method of joggle integration composite heat insulation block |
| CN112095845A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-18 | 中国水电基础局有限公司 | House building wall structure and construction method |
| CN112411864A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 贵州建工集团第五建筑工程有限责任公司 | Groove-free masonry construction method based on BIM technology and prefabricated building blocks and groove building blocks |
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2003
- 2003-11-11 CN CN 200310110002 patent/CN1237243C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1821522B (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2010-09-22 | 上海奥伯应用技术工程有限公司 | Composite heat insulation and protection brick or block and its producing and laying method |
| CN101016787B (en) * | 2007-02-10 | 2011-07-20 | 福建省卓越鸿昌建材装备股份有限公司 | Improved structure of insulating brick |
| CN101736831B (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2012-05-23 | 祁魁 | Method for insulating breathable external wall |
| CN102031845B (en) * | 2009-09-24 | 2012-07-04 | 上海奥伯应用技术工程有限公司 | Hoop composite insulating brick or building block and manufacturing and building methods thereof |
| CN102304955A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-01-04 | 六盘水恒远新型建材有限公司 | Composite self-heat-insulation concrete hollow building block and production method thereof |
| CN103276845A (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2013-09-04 | 浙江绿建住宅科技有限公司 | Brickwork of prefabricated outer wall and processing technology of brickwork |
| CN105297996A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-02-03 | 许浒 | Dry-hang self-ornamental impervious insulation building block |
| CN106517988A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-03-22 | 德化县合兴新型墙体材料有限责任公司 | Coal gangue-sintered self-insulation composite masonry block and preparation method thereof |
| CN107574967A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-01-12 | 金陵科技学院 | A kind of preparation method of joggle integration composite heat insulation block |
| CN107574952A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-12 | 浙江世贸装饰股份有限公司 | A kind of damp-proofing wall and its construction technology |
| CN112095845A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-18 | 中国水电基础局有限公司 | House building wall structure and construction method |
| CN112411864A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 贵州建工集团第五建筑工程有限责任公司 | Groove-free masonry construction method based on BIM technology and prefabricated building blocks and groove building blocks |
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