CN1542479A - Strain tuning optical fiber grating dispersion dynamic compensation and monitoring device and method thereof - Google Patents
Strain tuning optical fiber grating dispersion dynamic compensation and monitoring device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1542479A CN1542479A CNA2003101084881A CN200310108488A CN1542479A CN 1542479 A CN1542479 A CN 1542479A CN A2003101084881 A CNA2003101084881 A CN A2003101084881A CN 200310108488 A CN200310108488 A CN 200310108488A CN 1542479 A CN1542479 A CN 1542479A
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Abstract
A strain tuning fiber grating dispersion dynamic compensation and its monitoring device and method, the device includes a strain tuning device, including a strain beam and a micromotor, a chirped fiber grating is fixed on the ground side of the strain beam; and one end of the uniform fiber grating is connected with a broadband light source and a demodulation uniform fiber grating through a fiber coupler, the other end of the uniform fiber grating is connected with a PC through a receiver, the other end of the demodulation uniform fiber grating is connected with the PC through a receiver, and the output end of the PC is connected with the micromotor through a driver. The optical fiber grating for monitoring and the chirped optical fiber grating for dispersion compensation are fixed on the same tuning mechanism, and the measured data is direct and reliable and is convenient to control.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the optical communication technique field, the apparatus and method of particularly a kind of strain tunable fiber grating dispersion dynamic compensation and monitoring thereof are mainly used in the dispersion compensation in the high speed optical fiber communication.
Background technology
In speed fiber optic communication systems, because the chromatic dispersion of light transmission group speed in optical fiber, broadening takes place in the pulse width of light signal in transmission course, causes signal noise ratio to descend, and the bit error rate rises.This is to influence one of the operating distance of communication system and main reason of data rate.Therefore must be compensated fibre-optical dispersion.Because the not equal factor of data rate difference, data layout difference, transmission range in the communication system, it is dynamic adjustable that dispersion compensation also requires.Dynamic dispersion compensation is the critical support technology of high bit rate long haul transmission system and intelligent optical-fiber network.
The optical fiber dispersion compensation technology has multiple scheme.Adopt the abbe number dispersion compensating fiber opposite, the dispersion compensation that can fix, comparative maturity at present with Transmission Fibers.But it can not be used for dynamic compensation.Dynamic dispersion compensation mainly contains two requirements: the one, and tuning operation wavelength is in order to the wavelength of registration signal light pulse; The 2nd, regulate chromatic dispersion compensation quantity, under-compensation and over-compensation all can not reach the optimum efficiency of pulsewidth compression.The device that for this reason needs the development trend dispersion compensation.Aspect dispersion compensation device, mainly contain interferometer scheme and chirped fiber grating two big classes.Fiber grating has good tunable characteristic, therefore is subjected to extensive attention.One of technology formerly, " Distributed on-fiber thin film heaters for Bragg grating withadjustable chirp ", (J.A.Rogers, B.J.Eggleton, J.R.Pedrazzani, and T.A.Strasser, Appl.Phys.Lett., 1999, Vol.74, No.21, pp3131-3133), be by changing the method for temperature and distribution thereof, realizing the adjusting of operation wavelength and dispersive power.Formerly two of technology, " Atunable dispersion compensator with fixedbandwidth for WDM systems using a uniform FBG ", (Jeff C.Livas, CLEO, Baltimore, CTh01, pp495-496), be the strain tuning characteristic that utilizes fiber grating, realize the adjustment of peak wavelength and chirp rate.
Making the method for chromatic dispersion compensation in optical fiber telecommunications system with chirped fiber grating 1, is that it is connected in the system, with a circulator as shown in Figure 1.Input optical signal from 01 port of circulator advance, 02 port goes out, after fiber grating reflection, advance circulator, enter downlink optical fiber from 02 port again from the output of 03 port.Behind chirped fiber grating 1 connecting system, just can not measure its spectrum with conventional spectroanalysis instrument method.Especially dynamic dispersion compensation also must be monitored in real time to the chromatic dispersion compensation effect, to obtain the state work down that bucking-out system is stabilized in The optimal compensation.Direct monitoring to compensation effect is to adopt Error Detector.But Error Detector costs an arm and a leg, and is difficult to generally use.Therefore in the dynamic dispersion compensation technology, need resolve the simple and easy monitoring of compensation rate and compensation effect, could realize FEEDBACK CONTROL, reach the purpose of dynamic compensation.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the apparatus and method of a kind of strain tunable fiber grating dispersion dynamic compensation and monitoring thereof are provided, require simple and easyly relatively, cheap, can realize tuning and Monitoring and Controlling chirped fiber grating peak wavelength and dispersive power.
Principle of the present invention is based on the strain tuning characteristic of fiber grating.The peak wavelength of fiber grating is shown below with the relation of strain variation: Δ λ
B=(1-γ) ε λ
Bγ is the strain optical coefficient of optical fiber in the formula, is 0.22 for silica fibre.For fiber grating being applied convenient controlled stress, fiber grating can be fixed on the semi-girder, as shown in Figure 2.If the thickness of this semi-girder (y direction) is a, width (x direction) is b, and length (z direction) is l.If z is a distance of leaving stiff end, u
1Be the displacement of z=l place beam free end in the y direction, the wavelength shift that then is fixed on the fiber grating of semi-girder upper surface is:
Δλ＝3λ
Bau
1(1-γ)(l-z)/2l
3 (1)
Measure the skew of this fiber grating reflectance spectrum peak wavelength, just can also just know the state that it is crooked in the hope of the beam free end displacement.With the central plane (being the mid point of y direction) of beam is that the wavelength shift of the center tilted direction fiber grating that is fixed on the semi-girder side is:
Δλ＝3λ
Bau
1(1-γ)(z-l/2)/l
2L (2)
L is the length of grating in the formula.Can be got by formula (2), in semi-girder generation strain, its free end has a displacement components u
1The time, fiber grating peak wavelength shift amount has just been introduced additional warbling with the variation of grating length.Change semi-girder free end travel u
1Just can change this additional warbling.This is to regulate the fiber grating chirp rate with strain process, thereby regulates the ultimate principle of chromatic dispersion compensation quantity.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Reward and supervising device thereof are dynamically mended in the grating dispersion of a kind of strain tunable fiber, it is characterized in that comprising a strain tuner, comprise a strain beam and a micro motor, and a chirped fiber grating is fixed on this side, strain beam ground; One uniform fiber grating is fixed on the end face of this strain beam, this uniform fiber grating one end links to each other with a demodulation uniform fiber grating with a wideband light source by fiber coupler, the other end connects a PC by a receiver, the other end of this demodulation uniform fiber grating connects this PC by a receiver, and the output terminal of this PC links to each other with described micro motor through a driver.
Described strain beam is a semi-girder, and its stiff end is fixed by clamper, at the free end of this semi-girder described micro motor is set.
Described micro motor is a step motor, and by stepper motor, accurate screw mandrel, nut and driving member, and this driving member stretches into and forms the device that a free end that promotes semi-girder is subjected to displacement in the middle of semi-girder free-ended.
Described strain beam is a free beam, and the two ends of this free beam are fixed by clamper, and described micro motor is arranged on the mid point of this free beam.
Described micro motor is a step motor, and by stepper motor, accurate screw mandrel, nut and driving member, and driving member is connected with the mid point that is fixed on the free beam between the clamper, forms one and drives the device that the free beam mid point is subjected to displacement.
Described PC also can be microprocessor.
Utilize the grating dispersion of described strain tunable fiber dynamically mend the reward and supervising device carry out optical fiber grating dispersion dynamically mend the reward and the monitoring method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. utilize clamper that strain beam is installed in position, this strain beam is a semi-girder, and the chirped fiber grating that plays the chromatic dispersion compensating action is fixed on the side of semi-girder;
2. other component with apparatus of the present invention installs, and the chirp coefficient of demarcating the corresponding relation of the crooked size of signal magnitude reflection semi-girder that receiver receives and chirped fiber grating in advance is with the quantitative relationship of semi-girder bending change and be saved in the storer of PC;
3. the chromatic dispersion compensation quantity that requires to set according to system performance is imported PC, this PC is according to the quantitative corresponding relation of 2. being preserved, send instruction through computing and to driver, this driver output current rotates micro motor, semi-girder is occured bending and deformation, thereby make chirped fiber grating and the uniform fiber grating generation strain that is fixed on the semi-girder, simultaneously, PC is according to the signal that collects receiver and collection, by calculating beam free end displacement u
1Thereby, judge whether to reach needed chromatic dispersion compensation quantity, rotate or keep motionless drive signal for the micro motor of sening as an envoy to.
Utilize the described method that optical fiber grating dispersion is dynamically mended reward and monitoring thereof of carrying out, it is characterized in that described strain beam is a free beam.
The method for supervising of dynamic dispersion compensation of the present invention has following advantage:
1, the element that is adopted is simple, cheap, has avoided using expensive spectroanalysis instrument or other optical spectrum monitor instruments, greatly reduces the dynamic dispersion compensation cost of monitoring automatically.
2, the fiber grating of monitoring usefulness and the chirped fiber grating that dispersion compensation is used are fixed on the same mechanical tuning device, and measured data directly, reliably.
3, compare with technology two formerly, simple in structure, easy to use.Formerly technology two adopts removable fulcrum to regulate the length of cantilever; While is the free end of mobile cantilever again, changes the chirp value of fiber grating.The structure more complicated.And it does not have design can be used to monitor the device of cantilever deformation.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the chirped fiber gratings schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is the semi-girder geometry
Fig. 3 is one of apparatus of the present invention part-structure
Fig. 4 is two of apparatus of the present invention part-structure
Fig. 5 is the light path and the circuit block diagram of apparatus of the present invention
Fig. 6 is a live width tunable fiber optical grating reflection spectral curve
Fig. 7 is the device synoptic diagram that stepper motor promotes the displacement of semi-girder end points
Fig. 8 is the device synoptic diagram that stepper motor promotes the free beam neutral displacement
Embodiment:
See also Fig. 3 earlier, Fig. 3 is one of apparatus of the present invention part-structure, and wherein 1 has been the chirped fiber grating of chromatic dispersion compensating action, and 2 carry out tuning semi-girder for being used for to chirped fiber grating 1.Chirped fiber grating 1 is fixed on the side of semi-girder 2, and 3 for installing the clampers of semi-girder 2 stiff ends, and 4 is the free end of semi-girder 2, and 5 change the micro motor of semi-girder 2 strain regimes for mobile semi-girder free end 4.6 for being fixed on even (non-warbling) fiber grating that is used to monitor the dispersion compensation state of semi-girder 2 end faces.By the monitoring of fiber grating 6 peak wavelengths, just can know the strain regime of semi-girder 2, thereby know the tuning situation of chirped fiber grating 1.
Fig. 4 is two of apparatus of the present invention part-structure, wherein 1 has been the chirped fiber grating of chromatic dispersion compensating action, 2a is used for chirped fiber grating 1 is carried out tuning free beam, chirped fiber grating 1 is fixed on the side of free beam 2a, and the mid point of beam alignd with the mid point of chirped fiber grating 1,3a is the fixing clamper of free beam 2a two ends, thereby 5 is the micro motor that mobile free beam 2a mid point changes free beam 2a strain regime, and 6 for being fixed on even (non-warbling) fiber grating that is used to monitor the dispersion compensation state of free beam 2a end face.By the monitoring of fiber grating 6 peak wavelengths, just can know the strain regime of free beam 2a, thereby know the tuning situation of chirped fiber grating 1.
The tuning amount that causes the uniform fiber grating 6 that is fixed on the top surface of the beam after the free beam deformation is:
Δλ＝6λ
Bau
0(1-γ)(1-z
2/l
2)/5l
2 (3)
The tuning amount that is fixed on the fiber grating of beam sides is:
Δλ＝12λ
Bau
0z(1-γ)(1-z
2/l
2)/5l
2L (4)
Coordinate z is an initial point with the mid point of beam in formula (3) and (4), u
0Be the displacement of beam mid point in the y direction, 2l is the length between two clampers of two ends.With free beam the fiber grating peak wavelength is carried out tuningly, the variation that causes the reflectance spectrum live width is suitable for the adjusting of simple chromatic dispersion compensation quantity than little with the semi-girder method.
Fig. 5 is the light path and the circuit block diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Utilize strain tunable fiber of the present invention grating dispersion dynamically mend the reward and supervising device carry out optical fiber grating dispersion dynamically mend the reward and the monitoring method, comprise the following steps:
1. utilize clamper 3 that semi-girder 2 is installed in position, the chirped fiber grating 1 that plays the chromatic dispersion compensating action is fixed on the side of semi-girder 2;
2. other component with apparatus of the present invention installs, and the chirp coefficient of demarcating the corresponding relation of the signal magnitude reflection semi-girder 2 crooked sizes that receiver 9a receives and chirped fiber grating 1 in advance is with the quantitative relationship of semi-girder 2 bending change and be saved in the storer of PC 11;
3. the chromatic dispersion compensation quantity that requires to set according to system performance is imported PC 11, this PC 11 is according to the quantitative corresponding relation of 2. being preserved, send instruction through computing and to driver 12, these driver 12 output currents rotate micro motor 5, semi-girder 2 is occured bending and deformation, thereby make the chirped fiber grating 1 and the uniform fiber grating 6 that are fixed on the semi-girder that strain take place, simultaneously, PC 11 is according to collecting the signal that receiver 9a and 9b gather, by calculating beam free end displacement u
1Thereby, judge whether to reach needed chromatic dispersion compensation quantity, rotate or keep motionless drive signal for the micro motor 5 of sening as an envoy to.
Semi-girder of the present invention can be made with metal material, as duralumin, brass etc.This class stability of material is good.But the Young modulus height needs bigger expulsive force.Also can use making such as bakelite, nylon, organic glass.This class young modulus of material is low, and the expulsive force that needs is less.But the material coefficient of thermal expansion coefficient is bigger, according to the requirement of practicality, needs to adopt certain temperature stabilization device.Adopt the duralumin material in the enforcement experiment of the present invention, obtained success.The tuning typical consequence of chirped fiber grating live width is seen Fig. 6.Can see that the line width variation scope is 0.3-1.7nm.
For the promotion of semi-girder, can adopt by stepper motor 5a, accurate screw mandrel 5b, the device that nut 5c and driving member 5d constitute, as shown in Figure 7.Driving member 5d stretches into the centre of the free end 4 of semi-girder 2 among the figure.The free end 4 that just can drive semi-girder 2 when stepper motor 5a rotates like this is subjected to displacement.
For the promotion of free beam, can adopt by stepper motor 5a, accurate screw mandrel 5b, the device that nut 5c and driving member 5e constitute, as shown in Figure 8.Driving member 5e is connected with the mid point that is fixed on the free beam 2a between the clamper 3a among the figure.The mid point that just can drive free beam 2a when stepper motor 5a rotates like this is subjected to displacement.
Claims (8)
1, reward and supervising device thereof are dynamically mended in the grating dispersion of a kind of strain tunable fiber, it is characterized in that comprising a strain tuner, comprise a strain beam (2) and a micro motor (5), and a chirped fiber grating (1) is fixed on this strain beam side (2); One uniform fiber grating (6) is fixed on the end face of this strain beam (2), these uniform fiber grating (6) one ends link to each other with a demodulation uniform fiber grating (7) with a wideband light source (8) by fiber coupler (10), the other end connects a PC (11) by a receiver (9b), the other end of this demodulation uniform fiber grating (7) connects this PC (11) by a receiver (9a), and the output terminal of this PC (11) links to each other with described micro motor (5) through a driver (12).
2, reward and supervising device thereof are dynamically mended in strain tunable fiber according to claim 1 grating dispersion, it is characterized in that described strain beam (2) is a semi-girder, its stiff end is fixing by clamper (3), and the free end (4) in this semi-girder (2) is provided with described micro motor (5).
3, reward and supervising device thereof are dynamically mended in strain tunable fiber according to claim 1 and 2 grating dispersion, it is characterized in that described micro motor (5) is a step motor (5a), by stepper motor (5a), accurate screw mandrel (5b), nut (5c) and driving member (5d), and this driving member (5d) stretch into semi-girder (2) free end 4 in the middle of form the device that a free end (4) that promotes semi-girder (2) is subjected to displacement.
4, reward and supervising device thereof are dynamically mended in strain tunable fiber according to claim 1 grating dispersion, it is characterized in that described strain beam (2) is a free beam (2a), the two ends of this free beam (2a) are fixing by clamper (3a), and described micro motor (5) is arranged on the mid point of this free beam (2a).
5, dynamically mend reward and supervising device thereof according to claim 1 or 4 described strain tunable fiber grating dispersions, it is characterized in that described micro motor (5) is a step motor (5a), by stepper motor (5a), accurate screw mandrel (5b), nut (5c) and driving member (5e), and driving member (5e) is connected with the mid point that is fixed on the free beam (2a) between the clamper (3a), forms one and drives the device that free beam (2a) mid point is subjected to displacement.
6, reward and supervising device thereof are dynamically mended in strain tunable fiber according to claim 1 grating dispersion, it is characterized in that described PC (11) also can be microprocessor.
7, utilize claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6 described strain tunable fiber grating dispersions dynamically mend the reward and supervising device carry out optical fiber grating dispersion dynamically mend the reward and the monitoring method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. utilize clamper (3) that strain beam (2) is installed in position, this strain beam (2) is semi-girder (2), and the chirped fiber grating (1) that plays the chromatic dispersion compensating action is fixed on the side of semi-girder (2);
2. other component with apparatus of the present invention installs, and the chirp coefficient of demarcating the corresponding relation of the crooked size of signal magnitude reflection semi-girder (2) that receiver (9a) receives and chirped fiber grating (1) in advance is with the quantitative relationship of semi-girder (2) bending change and be saved in the storer of PC (11);
3. the chromatic dispersion compensation quantity that requires to set according to system performance is imported PC (11), this PC (11) is according to the quantitative corresponding relation of 2. being preserved, send instruction through computing and to driver (12), this driver (12) output current rotates micro motor (5), semi-girder (2) is occured bending and deformation, thereby make the chirped fiber grating (1) and the uniform fiber grating (6) that are fixed on the semi-girder that strain take place, simultaneously, PC (11) is according to the signal that collects receiver (9a) and (9b) gather, by calculating beam free end displacement u1, thereby judge whether to reach needed chromatic dispersion compensation quantity, rotate or keep motionless drive signal for the micro motor (5) of sening as an envoy to.
8, according to utilizing the described optical fiber grating dispersion that carries out of claim 7 dynamically to mend the method for appreciating and monitoring, it is characterized in that described strain beam (2) is a free beam (2a).
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100447600C (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2008-12-31 | 北京交通大学 | Compensation method for polarization mode dispersion by using high birefringence uniform fiber grating and structure thereof |
| CN105043668A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-11 | 邯郸学院 | Motor-driving balance tuning cantilever beam adjustment frame |
| CN117109646A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-11-24 | 杭州奕力科技有限公司 | Sensing demodulation method of linear chirped fiber grating |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2286898B (en) * | 1994-02-26 | 1997-08-20 | Northern Telecom Ltd | Chirped distributed Bragg grating optical fibre filters on flexible plates |
| US5999671A (en) * | 1997-10-27 | 1999-12-07 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Tunable long-period optical grating device and optical systems employing same |
| US5982963A (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-11-09 | University Of Southern California | Tunable nonlinearly chirped grating |
| CN1204449C (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2005-06-01 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Strain tuning optical fiber grating sensing demodulator |
| CN2655262Y (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2004-11-10 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Strain tuning optical fiber grating dispersion dynamic compensation and monitoring device thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100447600C (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2008-12-31 | 北京交通大学 | Compensation method for polarization mode dispersion by using high birefringence uniform fiber grating and structure thereof |
| CN105043668A (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-11 | 邯郸学院 | Motor-driving balance tuning cantilever beam adjustment frame |
| CN117109646A (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2023-11-24 | 杭州奕力科技有限公司 | Sensing demodulation method of linear chirped fiber grating |
| CN117109646B (en) * | 2023-10-25 | 2024-02-23 | 杭州奕力科技有限公司 | Sensing demodulation method of linear chirped fiber grating |
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