CN1530425A - High-efficient electric desalting apparatus - Google Patents
High-efficient electric desalting apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1530425A CN1530425A CNA031129455A CN03112945A CN1530425A CN 1530425 A CN1530425 A CN 1530425A CN A031129455 A CNA031129455 A CN A031129455A CN 03112945 A CN03112945 A CN 03112945A CN 1530425 A CN1530425 A CN 1530425A
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Abstract
An efficient electric desalting and dewatering apparatus for crude oil is composed of transformer, controller, electric desalting tank, and the horizontal big plate electrode, positive plate electrode and negative plate electrode and the vertical positive and negative plate electrode, which are installed in said electric desalting tank to form strong vertical and horizontal electric field. Its advantages are high effect, simple structure and low cost. It can also be used for electrochemically refining finished oil or lubricating oil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high pressure static electricity separating device, is a kind of petrochemical industry crude oil desalting, dehydration equipment specifically.
Background technology
Refine in the flow process at petrochemical industry crude oil, owing to contain impurity such as water, salt in the crude oil, these impurity not only can influence the quality of final product, and can produce corrosion to equipment, if things go on like this can produce serious security incident, therefore, before refining, crude oil must carry out desalination, processed to crude oil, and because salt is water-soluble, therefore desalination is in fact just dewatered, utilize high pressure static electricity polymerization principle be to crude oil carry out desalination, dehydration than good method, for this reason, people in view of the above principle design various electric desalting, dehydration equipment.Desalination at present, dehydration equipment mainly contain two kinds of forms, and a kind of is the alternating-current desalter, and another kind is alternating current-direct current desalination, dehydration equipment, and accompanying drawing 1 is alternating-current desalination, dehydration equipment structural representation.In the alternating-current desalination, two-layer horizontal electrode plate is arranged in the electrical desalter of dehydration equipment, the lower electrode strip, the upper electrode plate earthing, form between lower electrode plate and the water layer and exchange weak electric field, on, form between the lower electrode plate and exchange highfield, dehydration is carried out in these two electric fields, though dehydrating effect is relatively good, because alternating-electric field all exists capacitive current and conduction current, the dehydration power consumption is higher, will form following vicious cycle when particularly big or emulsification is comparatively serious when water content in crude oil: because water content in crude oil increases, cause that conductivity increases between the battery lead plate, the transformer secondary electric current is increased, thereby the transformer primary current is increased, the self-induction electromotive force of reactor is risen, cause that the transformer primary voltage descends, thereby cause secondary voltage to descend, strength of electric field between the battery lead plate descends thereupon, the dehydrating effect variation makes the conductivity between the battery lead plate increase again, enters above-mentioned circulation once more.This vicious cycle makes electric desalting, dehydrating effect very poor, even makes Short Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer, and electrical desalter only plays hot slurry tank.Accompanying drawing 2 is alternating current-direct current desalinations, the dehydration equipment structural representation, be characterized in utilizing the on state characteristic of unilateral diode to carry out work, when the alternating-current of input is in positive half cycle, power supply charges to positive plate, during the power-half cycle, the charging of power supply anticathode plate, positive/negative plate alternately forms with water layer and exchanges weak electric field, form the direct current highfield between the positive/negative plate, this is a voltage doubling rectifying circuit, when not high or emulsification is not serious at crude oil water containing, because alternating current-direct current desalination, there is not conduction current between the dehydration positive/negative plate, so its advantage is to make a farfetched comparison alternating-current desalination shown in Figure 1, the dehydration equipment energy consumption is low, but dehydrating effect is not as the alternating-current desalination, dehydration equipment.Simultaneously, the multiplication of voltage electric field has electric capacity and conduction current owing to exchange between the weak electric field, so when crude oil water containing height or emulsification comparatively seriously the time, can't be set up, also can form the such vicious cycle of alternating-current desalination, dehydration equipment that is similar to shown in the accompanying drawing 1, make the dehydrating effect variation.These two kinds of electric desalting, dehydration equipment all exist power consumption big, desalination, dehydrating effect are subjected to water content in crude oil and the serious problem of emulsified state restriction, sometimes have to adopt the way of the capacity that increases transformer to improve desalination, dehydrating effect in order to increase desalination, dehydrating effect, the transformer capacity that is adopted is generally at more than two times of design capacity, not only increase power consumption, and increased equipment investment cost.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention designs a kind of low in energy consumption, desalination exactly, dehydrating effect is not influenced by the crude oil foreign matter content, have alternating-current desalination, dehydration equipment and alternating current-direct current desalination, dehydration equipment advantage simultaneously concurrently, desalination, new and effective electric desalting, dehydration equipment that dehydrating effect is good.
Technical solution of the present invention:
Electric desalting of the present invention, dehydration equipment comprises transformer, pilot circuit, electrical desalter and the battery lead plate that is installed in the electrical desalter, battery lead plate is by horizontal big plate electrode, horizontal positive plate, horizontal negative plate and the vertical positive plate that links to each other with horizontal positive plate, the vertical negative plate that links to each other with horizontal negative plate is formed, horizontal positive plate and horizontal negative plate be positioned on the horizontal big plate electrode and with the horizontal big plate electrode parallel equidistant, arrange about one-tenth, vertical positive plate is positioned at the below of horizontal big plate electrode with vertical negative plate and links to each other with horizontal negative plate with horizontal positive plate respectively, all vertical positive plates all link to each other with horizontal positive plate, and all vertical negative plates all link to each other with horizontal negative plate.Horizontal positive plate and horizontal negative plate also can be installed under the horizontal big plate electrode and with the horizontal big plate electrode parallel equidistant, arrange about one-tenth, this moment, vertical positive plate was positioned at the below of horizontal positive plate and horizontal negative plate with vertical negative plate, all vertical positive plates all link to each other with horizontal positive plate, and all vertical negative plates all link to each other with horizontal negative plate.Horizontal big plate electrode and transformer secondary output output are joined, and horizontal positive plate, horizontal negative plate link to each other with the transformer grounding end by diode respectively.Be connected to thyristor switch before the transformer, saved the reactor that can produce very big self-induced e.m.f, when working current was equal to or greater than the setting electric current, pilot circuit drove the thyristor switch action, cuts off the electricity supply, and prevented that the transformer overcurrent from damaging.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Electric desalting equipment of the present invention is compared with background technology has desalination; dehydrating effect is not influenced by water content in crude oil and emulsified state; the water content and the emulsified state of energy based on crude carry out work with exchange way or alternating current-direct current mode automatically; desalination; dehydrating effect is good; primary voltage is unaffected; stable operating voltage not only; and the equal transformer capacity that requires reduces more than 50% in the comparable background technology of selected transformer capacity; make the volume and the cost of equipment obtain reduction; it is adjustable also to have working current; functions such as overcurrent protection; have the alternating-current desalination concurrently; the characteristics of alternating current-direct current desalination and high speed electric desalting technology; equipment of the present invention can not only be used for crude oil desalting; dehydration also can be used for the processed oil electrochemical treating; petrochemical industries such as lubricating oil denitrification refining.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is alternating-current desalination, the dehydration equipment structural representation in the background technology of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is alternating current-direct current desalination, the dehydration equipment structural representation in the background technology of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is electric desalting equipment structure of the present invention and schematic equivalent circuit.
1. electrical desalters among the figure, 2. horizontal big plate electrode, 3. horizontal positive plate, 4. horizontal negative plate, 5. vertical positive plate, 6. vertical negative plate, 7. thyristor switch, 8. driving circuit, D1. unilateral diode, D2. unilateral diode, T. transformer, R. adjustable resistance, JT. Hall current sensor, K. alternating current contactor.
Fig. 4 is an another embodiment of the present invention.
1. electrical desalters among the figure, 2. horizontal big plate electrode, 3. horizontal positive plate, 4. horizontal negative plate; 5. vertical positive plate, 6. vertical negative plate, DK. auto-switch; the K2 alternating current contactor, RV. voltage dependent resistor, JT. Hall current sensor; LHA.; LHB. current transformer, Wh. single-phase watt-hour meter, JZG. thyristor; T. step-up transformer, ZL. rectification silicon stack, JC. ac voltage measurement; ZC. dc voltage measurement, IC1.; IC2. amplifier, the Tr. transistor; K3. rly., DJ. optically-coupled pipe, K1.; K2. intermediate relay; ZJ. intermediate relay, HD.; LD.; SD. pilot lamp, HA.; TA. button; D L. electric bell, LJ current relay, A. baric flow table; V. voltmeter, μ A. microampere meter, DK. hangs down the liquid level protection switch; K. toggle switch, RJ. thermo-relay, RD. fusible cut-out; R1; R2. adjustable resistance, D1; D2. unilateral diode, Rm. resistance.
Fig. 5 is a control voltage wiring scheme in the accompanying drawing 4.
Embodiment
Embodiment one.
As shown in Figure 3.
In Fig. 3, horizontal big plate electrode 2 in the electrical desalter 1 links to each other with the secondary output end of transformer T, the secondary ground terminal of unilateral diode D1, D2 and transformer T links to each other, thyristor switch 7, alternating current contactor K links to each other with the primary winding of transformer T, vertical positive plate 5 in the electrical desalter 1 links to each other with horizontal positive plate 3 in the electrical desalter 1, and the vertical negative plate 6 in the electrical desalter 1 links to each other with horizontal negative plate 4 in the electrical desalter 1.Set working current by adjustable resistance R; when working current meets or exceeds the setting electric current; Hall current sensor JT outward current driving circuit 8 work in the circuit make thyristor switch 7 and alternating current contactor K action, cut off the electricity supply, and the unlikely overcurrent of protection equipment damages.During work, when power supply is in positive half cycle, the unilateral diode D1 conducting that links to each other with horizontal negative plate 4, horizontal negative plate 4 forms charge circuit with horizontal big plate electrode 2, to horizontal negative electrode plate 4 chargings, when power supply is in negative half period, the unilateral diode D2 conducting that links to each other with horizontal positive plate 3, horizontal positive plate 3 forms charge circuit with horizontal big plate electrode 2, horizontal positive plate 3 is charged, so the charging area is big, spacing is little, electric capacity is big, and the multiplication of voltage effect is good.Form vertical direct current highfield in the process of charging, can produce polymerization, improve dehydrating effect fine water droplets; Make simultaneously in the process of charging between vertical positive plate 5 and the vertical positive plate 6 and form the horizontal highfield of multiplication of voltage, exchange vertical weak electric field with formation between the water layer.When crude oil water containing is normal, when emulsification of crude oil was not serious, equipment ran on alternating current-direct current desalination, dewatering state, owing to increased the vertical highfield of direct current between the horizontal plate, desalination, dehydrating effect are better than existing alternating current-direct current desalter.When the crude oil water containing height, when emulsification of crude oil was serious, the water layer in the electrical desalter 1 rose when flooding vertical positive plate 5 and negative plate 6, and equipment runs on alternating-current desalination, dewatering state, still can very normally move, and has the feature of existing alternating-current desalter.
Embodiment two.
As shown in Figure 4.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, horizontal big plate electrode 2 in the electrical desalter 1 links to each other with the secondary output end of transformer T, the secondary ground terminal of unilateral diode D1, D2 and transformer T links to each other, (concrete model is MTXD600A to thyristor JZG, down with) and alternating current contactor K2 link to each other with the primary winding of transformer T, vertical positive plate 5 in the electrical desalter 1 links to each other with horizontal positive plate 3 in the electrical desalter 1, and the vertical negative plate 6 in the electrical desalter 1 links to each other with horizontal negative plate 4 in the electrical desalter 1.Working current of the present invention is to set like this, regulate adjustable resistance R1, R2 as required and in the rated current scope, regulate the setting electric current, when actual current meets or exceeds the setting electric current, Hall current sensor JT outward current makes amplifier IC1 or amplifier IC2 output noble potential and self-locking, one the road drives optically-coupled pipe DJ (4N25) blocks trigger voltage, and thyristor JZG is closed immediately; The driving transistors Tr conducting of another road, relay K 3 contacts disconnect intermediate relay K1 wire loop, make alternating current contactor K2 tripping operation, cut off the electricity supply.The operating voltage of Hall current sensor JT is by the circuit supply shown in the accompanying drawing 5.For improving desalination, processed amount, suitable raising has been carried out than the crude oil oil-in position of background technology in the crude oil oil-in position in the present embodiment.The other parts of present embodiment are identical with the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing 3.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of electric desalting equipment comprises transformer, pilot circuit, electrical desalter and is installed in the interior battery lead plate of electrical desalter, it is characterized in that described battery lead plate is made up of horizontal big plate electrode, horizontal positive plate, horizontal negative plate and the vertical positive plate that links to each other with horizontal positive plate, the vertical negative plate that links to each other with horizontal negative plate, horizontal big plate electrode and transformer secondary output output are joined, and horizontal positive plate, horizontal negative plate link to each other with the transformer grounding end by diode respectively.
2, electric desalting equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described horizontal positive plate and horizontal negative plate are positioned on the horizontal big plate electrode and with the horizontal big plate electrode parallel equidistant, the below that vertical positive plate and vertical negative plate are positioned at horizontal big plate electrode also links to each other with horizontal negative plate with horizontal positive plate respectively.
3, electric desalting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that being connected to thyristor switch before the described transformer, and when working current was equal to or greater than the setting electric current, pilot circuit drove the thyristor switch action, cuts off the electricity supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03112945 CN1209444C (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2003-03-10 | High-efficient electric desalting apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03112945 CN1209444C (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2003-03-10 | High-efficient electric desalting apparatus |
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| CN1530425A true CN1530425A (en) | 2004-09-22 |
| CN1209444C CN1209444C (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 03112945 Expired - Fee Related CN1209444C (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2003-03-10 | High-efficient electric desalting apparatus |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101805633A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-08-18 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Crude oil electro-desalting dehydrator |
| CN101343556B (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2012-07-18 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Glow charged electrode pad of electric dewatering device for crude oil |
| CN102585892A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2012-07-18 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Crude oil electro-desalting dehydrator based on double-phase and single-phase rectifier power supply |
| CN101497813B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2013-01-30 | 江苏三星化工有限公司 | Deep electric desalting technology for heavy inferior crude oil |
| CN107254329A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-10-17 | 宁波中循环保科技有限公司 | waste lubricating oil processing method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102585891B (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2014-04-02 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Crude oil electric desalting and dehydrating device and method |
-
2003
- 2003-03-10 CN CN 03112945 patent/CN1209444C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101343556B (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2012-07-18 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Glow charged electrode pad of electric dewatering device for crude oil |
| CN101497813B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2013-01-30 | 江苏三星化工有限公司 | Deep electric desalting technology for heavy inferior crude oil |
| CN101805633A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-08-18 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Crude oil electro-desalting dehydrator |
| CN101805633B (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2012-11-21 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Crude oil electro-desalting dehydrator |
| CN102585892A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2012-07-18 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Crude oil electro-desalting dehydrator based on double-phase and single-phase rectifier power supply |
| CN107254329A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2017-10-17 | 宁波中循环保科技有限公司 | waste lubricating oil processing method |
| CN107254329B (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-03-26 | 宁波中循环保科技有限公司 | Waste lubricating oil processing method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1209444C (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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