CN1529299A - Method for embedding visible and invisible dual water print in digital image - Google Patents
Method for embedding visible and invisible dual water print in digital image Download PDFInfo
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- CN1529299A CN1529299A CNA031326404A CN03132640A CN1529299A CN 1529299 A CN1529299 A CN 1529299A CN A031326404 A CNA031326404 A CN A031326404A CN 03132640 A CN03132640 A CN 03132640A CN 1529299 A CN1529299 A CN 1529299A
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Abstract
In the invention, digital image is decomposed by using discrete cosine transform (DCT) or wavelet transform. Digital processing technique embeds visible watermark and invisible watermark to domain of DCT or wavelet transform. Thus, digital image with watermark being embedded is obtained through DCT or wavelet transform. With visible water mark and invisible water mark being embedded, the embedded visible water mark is not easy to be removed, as well as does not cause distortion of original image quality and plays function of copyright declare; the embedded invisible water mark influences little quality of original image, possesses strong robustness from conventional attacks and plays function of copyright protection.
Description
Affiliated field: the present invention relates to a kind of digital signal processing method, particularly is a kind of method that embeds visible and invisible dual watermark in digital picture.
Background technology:, the copyright protection of media work such as audio frequency, video is more and more come into one's own along with popularizing of network.As a kind of instrument of protection media work, digital watermarking is arisen at the historic moment.The digital watermark technology that has proposed at present only adopts the invisible watermark technology to realize copyright protection to media work, does not also have to realize simultaneously digital picture is carried out the technological achievement of copyright protection and copyright notice/.
Summary of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that in digital picture, embeds visible and invisible dual watermark, make the visible watermark that embeds be difficult for removing, and original image quality is not caused distortion, the invisible watermark that embeds is very little to the original image quality influence, the objective of the invention is to realize by following structure: the present invention is a kind of method that embeds visible and invisible dual watermark in digital picture, adopt following watermark to embed and extract two processes, the watermark embed process step is as follows: 1) digital picture and visible watermark are carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, obtain their discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient respectively; 2) adjust the conversion coefficient of digital picture according to the conversion coefficient of visible watermark; 3) with the invisible watermark pseudorandom permutation, the invisible watermark information after obtaining sorting; 4) more adjusted medium-high frequency coefficients of peek word image, the method for employing jitter modulation embeds the invisible watermark information behind the pseudorandom permutation, and the number of the medium-high frequency coefficient of being got is determined according to the size and the actual needs of invisible watermark; 5) coefficient of handling is carried out inverse discrete cosine transform or wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the digital picture of embed watermark; The watermark extraction process step is as follows: 1) digital picture of embed watermark is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, get discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient; 2) the learnt from else's experience medium-high frequency coefficient of jitter modulation demodulates invisible watermark information; 3) with the contrary ordering of invisible watermark information pseudorandom, the invisible watermark of embedding.The present invention utilizes discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation that digital picture is decomposed, adopt digital processing technology to embed visible watermark and invisible watermark simultaneously at discrete cosine transform domain or wavelet transformed domain, process discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation obtain the digital picture behind the embed watermark.In the digital picture behind embed watermark, the image of visible watermark occurs, be used for digital picture is carried out copyright notice/; The invisible watermark that embeds is used for digital picture is carried out copyright protection.The present invention can carry out copyright notice/and protection simultaneously to the digital picture by Network Transmission.The present invention can realize embedding simultaneously visible watermark and invisible watermark, and visible watermark is used for digital picture is carried out copyright notice/, need not to extract.In digital picture, embed visible watermark and invisible watermark and need consider multiple factor, consider ease for operation and improve the robustness of invisible watermark, require the embedding of visible watermark not influence the robustness of invisible watermark.The present invention embeds visible watermark and invisible watermark in digital picture after; the visible watermark that embeds is difficult for removing; and original image quality is not caused distortion; played the effect of copyright notice/; the invisible watermark that embeds is very little to the original image quality influence; conventional attack is had stronger robustness, played the effect of copyright protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the embedding grammar block diagram of watermark
Fig. 2 is the abstracting method block diagram of watermark
Fig. 3 is the embodiment original image
Fig. 4 is the embodiment visible watermark
Fig. 5 is the embodiment invisible watermark
Fig. 6 is the image after embodiment the embeds dual watermark
Embodiment:
The present invention is a kind of method that embeds visible and invisible dual watermark in digital picture, adopts following watermark embedding and extracts two processes, and the watermark embed process step is as follows:
1) digital picture and visible watermark are carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, obtain their discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient respectively; 2) adjust the conversion coefficient of digital picture according to the conversion coefficient of visible watermark; 3) with the invisible watermark pseudorandom permutation, the invisible watermark information after obtaining sorting; 4) more adjusted medium-high frequency coefficients of peek word image, the method for employing jitter modulation embeds the invisible watermark information behind the pseudorandom permutation, and the number of the medium-high frequency coefficient of being got is determined according to the size and the actual needs of invisible watermark; 5) coefficient of handling is carried out inverse discrete cosine transform or wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the digital picture of embed watermark; The watermark extraction process step is as follows: 1) digital picture of embed watermark is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, get discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient; 2) the learnt from else's experience medium-high frequency coefficient of jitter modulation demodulates invisible watermark information; 3) with the contrary ordering of invisible watermark information pseudorandom, the invisible watermark of embedding.
Specific implementation method is: 1) digital picture and visible watermark are carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, obtain their discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient respectively; 2) according to formula c '
Ij(n)=α
nC
Ij(n)+β
nW
Ij(n) adjust the conversion coefficient of digital picture, wherein c
Ij(n) be the discrete cosine transform coefficient or the wavelet conversion coefficient of original image, w
Ij(n) be the discrete cosine transform coefficient or the wavelet conversion coefficient of visible watermark image, c '
Ij(n) be adjusted discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient, α
nAnd β
nBe defined as the scale factor of sub-piece n respectively and embed the factor, concrete numerical value can draw in conjunction with the concrete property and the mapping operations of original image; 3) with the invisible watermark pseudorandom permutation, the invisible watermark information after obtaining sorting, and preserve the pseudorandom permutation key; 4) more adjusted medium-high frequency coefficients of peek word image, the method of employing jitter modulation embeds the invisible watermark information behind the pseudorandom permutation, the number of the medium-high frequency coefficient of being got determines that according to the size and the actual needs of invisible watermark embedding grammar is: to being used to embed a certain coefficient C of invisible watermark
Ij, get certain quantization step L (L can be taken as 24), be calculated as follows its integer quotient Q
IjAnd remainder R
Ij:
Q
ij＝Int[C
ij/L]，R
ij＝C
ij-Q
ij×L
Bit W according to the invisible watermark information after the ordering adjusts coefficient C as follows
Ij:
(1) works as C
Ij〉=0 o'clock,
(2) work as C
Ij＜0 o'clock,
Wherein, mod is complementation, and W represents W negate (as W=1 time W=0), C '
IjBe coefficient C
IjValue after jitter modulation; 5) coefficient of handling is carried out inverse discrete cosine transform or wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the digital picture of embed watermark; The watermark extraction process step is as follows: 1) digital picture of embed watermark is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, get discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient; 2) the learnt from else's experience medium-high frequency coefficient of jitter modulation demodulates invisible watermark information, and concrete extracting method is:
Wherein W ' is the position information after the invisible watermark ordering that extracts, C '
IjBe a certain medium-high frequency coefficient through jitter modulation; 3) according to the pseudorandom permutation key, with the contrary ordering of invisible watermark information pseudorandom, obtain invisible watermark, if variation has taken place digital picture, then the invisible watermark of Ti Quing may have distortion.
Watermark embed process is an example to adopt the piecemeal discrete cosine transform: to carry out n * n (n can be taken as 4,8 etc.) piecemeal discrete cosine transform (DCT) as the original image of Fig. 3 and visible watermark image as shown in Figure 4, in the matrix of coefficients of n * n that the piecemeal discrete cosine transform of original image obtains, the method of the coefficient weighting summation that obtains by the discrete cosine transform to original image and visible watermark image embeds visible watermark, selects several intermediate frequency coefficients to embed as shown in Figure 5 invisible watermark then.Embed visible watermark by following formula:
c′
ij(n)＝α
n·c
ij(n)+β
n·w
ij(n) 1)
C wherein
Ij(n) be the discrete cosine transform coefficient of original image, w
Ij(n) be the discrete cosine transform coefficient of visible watermark image, c '
Ij(n) be the discrete cosine transform coefficient of image behind the embed watermark, α
nAnd β
nBe defined as the scale factor of sub-piece n respectively and embed the factor, wherein α
nAnd β
nVariation range can regulate according to visual effect: α
nBe worth big more, β
nBe worth more for a short time, the influence that original image is subjected to is just more little, and visible watermark is just not obvious more, otherwise, α
nBe worth more little, β
nBe worth greatly more, the influence that original image is subjected to is just big more, and visible watermark also just obviously.
α
nAnd β
nValue can draw in conjunction with the concrete property of the sub-piece n of original image:
Calculate earlier
α′
n＝σ′
nexp(-(μ′
n-μ′)
2)
β′
n＝(1/σ′
n)(1-exp(-(μ′
n-μ′)
2))
σ ' wherein
nNatural logarithm by the variance of the discrete cosine transform coefficient of antithetical phrase piece n is got normalization and is got μ '
nGot normalization and got by the average of the discrete cosine transform coefficient of sub-piece n, μ ' is the μ ' of each sub-piece
nMean value.Then with α '
nAnd β '
nBe mapped to the interval (as [0.85,0.90] and [0.10,0.15]) of satisfying desired visual effect respectively and can obtain α
nAnd β
n
Adopt the method for jitter modulation in the discrete cosine transform coefficient of original image, to embed invisible watermark: at first with the invisible watermark pseudorandom permutation, invisible watermark information after obtaining sorting and pseudorandom permutation key are used to embed the DCT coefficient C of invisible watermark to original image
Ij, get certain quantization step L (L can be taken as 24), be calculated as follows its integer quotient Q
IjAnd remainder R
Ij:
Q
ij＝Int[C
ij/L] (5)
R
ij＝C
ij-Q
ij×L (6)
Bit W according to invisible watermark adjusts coefficient C as follows
Ij:
(1) works as C
Ij〉=0 o'clock,
(2) work as C
Ij＜0 o'clock,
Wherein, mod is complementation, and W represents W negate (as W=1 time W=0), C '
IjBe coefficient C
IjThrough adjusted value.At last, all sub-pieces that embed invisible watermark are carried out the DCT inverse transformation, obtain containing the gray level image of invisible watermark.When adopting other conversion, the embedding formula of visible watermark and the embedding grammar of invisible watermark all do not change, just participate in the coefficient difference (being respectively piecemeal discrete cosine transform coefficient, discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient) of calculating, obtain image as shown in Figure 6 at last.
The watermark extraction process step is as follows: at first the digital picture of embed watermark is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, get discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient; Take out the medium-high frequency coefficient of process jitter modulation wherein, demodulate invisible watermark information by following formula:
Wherein W ' is the position information after the invisible watermark ordering that extracts, C '
IjBe a certain medium-high frequency coefficient through jitter modulation; According to the pseudorandom permutation key, with the contrary ordering of invisible watermark information pseudorandom, obtain invisible watermark at last, if variation has taken place digital picture, then the invisible watermark of Ti Quing may have distortion.
As shown in Figure 1
1, the visible watermark image is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation;
2, original image is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation;
3, invisible watermark is carried out pseudorandom permutation and obtains the pseudorandom permutation key;
4, with the coefficient weighting summation of original image and visible watermark image, embed visible watermark information;
5, in conjunction with the embedded location key, the medium-high frequency coefficient after the original image weighting is carried out jitter modulation, embed invisible watermark information;
6, the coefficient in transform domain after the modulation is carried out the DCT inverse transformation, obtain embedding the digital picture of multi-watermarking.
As shown in Figure 2
1, the image behind the embedding multi-watermarking is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation;
2, in conjunction with the embedded location key, take out modulated medium-high frequency coefficient, demodulate invisible watermark information through pseudorandom permutation;
3, according to the pseudorandom permutation key, extract and obtain invisible watermark.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of method that embeds visible and invisible dual watermark in digital picture is characterized in that: adopt following watermark embedding and extract two processes, the watermark embed process step is as follows:
1) digital picture and visible watermark are carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, obtain their discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient respectively; 2) adjust the conversion coefficient of digital picture according to the conversion coefficient of visible watermark; 3) with the invisible watermark pseudorandom permutation, the invisible watermark information after obtaining sorting; 4) more adjusted medium-high frequency coefficients of peek word image, the method for employing jitter modulation embeds the invisible watermark information behind the pseudorandom permutation, and the number of the medium-high frequency coefficient of being got is determined according to the size and the actual needs of invisible watermark; 5) coefficient of handling is carried out inverse discrete cosine transform or wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the digital picture of embed watermark; The watermark extraction process step is as follows: 1) digital picture of embed watermark is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, get discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient; 2) the learnt from else's experience medium-high frequency coefficient of jitter modulation demodulates invisible watermark information; 3) with the contrary ordering of invisible watermark information pseudorandom, the invisible watermark of embedding.
2, a kind of method that embeds visible and invisible dual watermark in digital picture according to claim 1 is characterized in that the watermark embed process step is as follows:
1) digital picture and visible watermark are carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, obtain their discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient respectively; 2) according to formula c '
Ij(n)=α
nC
Ij(n)+β
nW
Ij(n) adjust the conversion coefficient of digital picture, wherein c
Ij(n) be the discrete cosine transform coefficient or the wavelet conversion coefficient of original image, w
Ij(n) be the discrete cosine transform coefficient or the wavelet conversion coefficient of visible watermark image, c '
Ij(n) be adjusted discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient, α
nAnd β
nBe defined as the scale factor of sub-piece n respectively and embed the factor, concrete numerical value can draw in conjunction with the concrete property and the mapping operations of original image; 3) with the invisible watermark pseudorandom permutation, the invisible watermark information after obtaining sorting, and preserve the pseudorandom permutation key; 4) more adjusted medium-high frequency coefficients of peek word image, the method of employing jitter modulation embeds the invisible watermark information behind the pseudorandom permutation, the number of the medium-high frequency coefficient of being got determines that according to the size and the actual needs of invisible watermark embedding grammar is: to being used to embed a certain coefficient C of invisible watermark
Ij, get certain quantization step L (L can be taken as 24), be calculated as follows its integer quotient Q
IjAnd remainder R
Ij: Q
Ij=Int[C
Ij/ L], R
Ij=C
Ij-Q
Ij* L
Bit W according to the invisible watermark information after the ordering adjusts coefficient C as follows
Ij:
(1) works as C
Ij〉=0 o'clock,
(2) work as C
Ij＜0 o'clock,
Wherein, mod is complementation, and W represents W negate (as W=1 time W=0), C '
IjBe coefficient C
IjValue after jitter modulation;
5) coefficient of handling is carried out inverse discrete cosine transform or wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the digital picture of embed watermark;
The watermark extraction process step is as follows: 1) digital picture of embed watermark is carried out discrete cosine transform or wavelet transformation, get discrete cosine transform coefficient or wavelet conversion coefficient; 2) the learnt from else's experience medium-high frequency coefficient of jitter modulation demodulates invisible watermark information, and concrete extracting method is:
Wherein W ' is the position information after the invisible watermark ordering that extracts, C '
IjBe a certain medium-high frequency coefficient through jitter modulation; 3) according to the pseudorandom permutation key, with the contrary ordering of invisible watermark information pseudorandom, obtain invisible watermark, if variation has taken place digital picture, then the invisible watermark of Ti Quing may have distortion.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031326404A CN1529299A (en) | 2003-09-27 | 2003-09-27 | Method for embedding visible and invisible dual water print in digital image |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNA031326404A CN1529299A (en) | 2003-09-27 | 2003-09-27 | Method for embedding visible and invisible dual water print in digital image |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100388784C (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2008-05-14 | 陆健 | Mark anti-fake method for compressing video frequency flow |
| CN100594514C (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2010-03-17 | 北京大学 | An adaptive method for extending, transforming and dithering modulation of watermarking |
| CN101452564B (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2010-12-08 | 扬州大学 | Improved method for jitter quantisation and watermark modulation |
| CN101452563B (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2011-08-24 | 扬州大学 | Improved method for expanding and transforming jitter and modulating watermark |
| CN102456215A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-05-16 | 北京大学 | Embedding and extraction method of visible watermark carrying hidden information and system thereof |
| CN109190339A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-11 | 中国农业银行股份有限公司 | A kind of webpage digital watermarking image generates, identification, Method of printing and device |
| CN110322385A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-11 | 浙江大学 | Watermark insertion and extracting method, device and electronic equipment |
| CN111861846A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Electronic document digital watermark processing method and system |
-
2003
- 2003-09-27 CN CNA031326404A patent/CN1529299A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100388784C (en) * | 2004-11-01 | 2008-05-14 | 陆健 | Mark anti-fake method for compressing video frequency flow |
| CN100594514C (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2010-03-17 | 北京大学 | An adaptive method for extending, transforming and dithering modulation of watermarking |
| CN101452564B (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2010-12-08 | 扬州大学 | Improved method for jitter quantisation and watermark modulation |
| CN101452563B (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2011-08-24 | 扬州大学 | Improved method for expanding and transforming jitter and modulating watermark |
| CN102456215A (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-05-16 | 北京大学 | Embedding and extraction method of visible watermark carrying hidden information and system thereof |
| CN102456215B (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2013-12-25 | 北京大学 | Embedding and extraction method of visible watermark carrying hidden information and system thereof |
| CN110322385A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-11 | 浙江大学 | Watermark insertion and extracting method, device and electronic equipment |
| CN110322385B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2021-08-24 | 浙江大学 | Watermark embedding and extracting method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN109190339A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2019-01-11 | 中国农业银行股份有限公司 | A kind of webpage digital watermarking image generates, identification, Method of printing and device |
| CN111861846A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Electronic document digital watermark processing method and system |
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