CN1528927A - Copper smelting method - Google Patents

Copper smelting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1528927A
CN1528927A CNA031264549A CN03126454A CN1528927A CN 1528927 A CN1528927 A CN 1528927A CN A031264549 A CNA031264549 A CN A031264549A CN 03126454 A CN03126454 A CN 03126454A CN 1528927 A CN1528927 A CN 1528927A
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Prior art keywords
copper
concentrate
desulfurization
slag
smelting
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CN1243115C (en
Inventor
李昌福
袁平
孙凤芹
原保庆
刘述宗
李晔
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Tangyin Jinkai Chemical Co ltd
Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
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Tangyin Jinkai Chemical Co ltd
Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
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Publication of CN1243115C publication Critical patent/CN1243115C/en
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Abstract

A copper smelting method relates to a method for extracting blister copper from copper concentrate by adopting a pyrometallurgical process, in particular to a method for basically removing sulfur in the copper concentrate in a molten state and further reducing and smelting a desulfurization product into blister copper. The method is characterized in that: adding lime or limestone and coal accounting for 3-5% of the weight of the concentrate into the copper concentrate according to the weight ratio of CaO/Fe (calculated as Fe content in the concentrate) of 0.25-0.5, uniformly mixing, blowing oxygen-enriched air into a smelting furnace, and melting and slagging at 1180-1300 ℃; and (3) introducing the generated flue gas into an acid making system, and introducing the generated molten desulfurization slag into an electric furnace for reduction smelting to prepare blister copper. The method of the invention saves the blowing desulfurization process of the converter and saves the investment. Because the calcareous flux is added, the sulfur content of the waste slag is low, the utilization rate of sulfur is high, and the comprehensive utilization value of iron in the concentrate is improved.

Description

A kind of copper smelting process
Affiliated technical field
A kind of copper smelting process.Relate to a kind of fire metallurgy process that from copper ore concentrates, adopts and extract the method for blister copper, particularly the sulfenyl in the copper ore concentrates is originally removed, and then desulfurization product retailoring is the method for blister copper in molten state.
Background technology
At present, copper ore concentrates smelting technique of raw copper is existing multiple in the world.Traditional method is to adopt reverberatory furnace or blast furnace to carry out melting, and its technology falls behind, and the utilization ratio of energy consumption height, sulphur is low, progressively among eliminating.Then flash smelting and bath melting technology, in the intensified smelting process, made full use of copper ore concentrates reaction heat, effectively reduced fuel consumption, output the high flue gas of sulphur dioxide concentration, can use ordinary method relieving haperacidity, reduce in the smelting process sulphur the pollution of environment.Yet the method that above-mentioned copper is smelted all is to adopt refining matte earlier, and then matte is blown into the process of blister copper.Sulphur part in the copper ore concentrates also will remove by bessemerizing, because sweetening process needs two operations, needs two cover sulfur dioxide flue gas purification systems accordingly, and investment is big; And sweetening process is disperseed, and collection, the relieving haperacidity of sulfur-containing smoke gas is had a negative impact.Particularly matte blowing blister copper is a batch operation, and it treats material, charging and slag tap and all want damping down during copper that essentially no flue gas output causes total system tolerance and SO 2 from fume concentration to have than great fluctuation process, is unfavorable for relieving haperacidity.
In the copper metallurgy process, be separated and reduce the copper bearing arts demand of slag, need to add a large amount of quartz and small amount of limestone melting for matte and slag two; Traditional copper metallurgy technology is to add quartzy, employing FeO-Fe 2O 3-SiO is a slag.This slag is limited to the dissolving power of martial ethiops, will form Fe if the oxygen gesture is higher 3O 4Furnace accretion, and slag is based on ferric metasilicate, is difficult to utilize, and it is a large amount of discarded to have to, and can't realize the comprehensive utilization of the iron in the copper ore concentrates.
Last century the seventies, the U.S. has announced A Makesi copper-smelting method patent.It adopts boiling roaster to carry out the copper ore concentrates dead roasting, and sulphur in the copper ore concentrates is removed, and presses the group back to produce blister copper at low shaft furnace with coke retailoring the calcining of output again.This method is practical application aborning not.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the deficiency that exists in the above-mentioned existing copper smelting process, provides a kind of and can effectively simplify technological process, investment is low and helps iron and the comprehensive copper smelting process that reclaims of sulphur in the concentrate.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of copper smelting process, it is characterized in that: to contain Fe in the concentrate, allocate copper ore concentrates into lime or Wingdale by the weight ratio of CaO/Fe=0.25～0.5, the even back of batch mixing is in smelting furnace, blast oxygen-rich air, under 1180 ℃ of-1300 ℃ of temperature, carry out the fusion slag making; The flue gas that produces is entered acid making system, and the fusion desulfurization slag of generation enters electric furnace and carries out retailoring and produce blister copper.
Method of the present invention is characterized in that it being to add the coal that accounts for concentrate weight 3%～5% in batching again, blasts air fusion slag making.
After also can taking to cast slag machine ingot bar, the fusion desulfurization slag that produces sends into the blast furnace smelting blister copper.Substantially be Red copper oxide in the copper ashes and exist, being easy to retailoring under the lower condition of oxygen gesture is blister copper.
Method of the present invention, with copper oxidative slagging in the copper concentrate, again the Red copper oxide that generates is carried out retailoring and produce blister copper, the reduction of copper ore concentrates fusion desulfurization copper ashes can be carried out continuously, compared with prior art, has saved and has bessemerized sweetening process, have only a continuous and stable sulfurous gas that the source takes place during melting, save a cover smoke eliminator accordingly, helped relieving haperacidity, saved investment again.Add calcium carbonate flux owing to adopt, built FeO-Fe 2O 3-CaO is a slag, guarantees still that when oxidation copper ashes sulfur-bearing is lower than 0.1% high oxygen gesture the fusion desulfuration operations normally carries out.The slag of output has improved the utilization ratio of sulphur in the copper ore concentrates far below the waste sulphur content in existing copper work; The oxide compound and the calcium oxide that can obtain after the reduction with iron are the slag of main ingredient, and the comprehensive utilization value of its iron is traditional copper slag of basal component far above the silicate with iron.
Compare with the existing general copper smelting method (control SiO/Fe=1, contain CaO about 8%) that adds quartz and Wingdale, melting calcium of the present invention is that slag needs lime flux amount less, and its slag fall is low.
Method of the present invention prepared material in proportion can be continuously dropped in the fused melt continuously by the feed opening of furnace roof, falls into stove and is high degree of agitation state melt, is the rapid oxidative slagging of preheating oxygen rich gas that blasts from the air port.The big calorimetric that concentrate fusion desulfurization slagging process is freeed can be kept the needed temperature of melt in the stove.The sulfur dioxide high temperature flue gas that is produced with preheating of air, is produced sulfuric acid by purification, conversion and acid making system through pipe stove then.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the process flow diagram of method of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of copper smelting process, with copper ore concentrates to contain Fe in the concentrate, allocate lime or Wingdale into, blast oxygen-rich air or allocate the coal that accounts for concentrate weight 3%～5% into by the weight ratio of CaO/Fe=0.3～0.5 and blast air, batch mixing evenly back carries out the fusion slag making under 1180 ℃ of-1300 ℃ of temperature in smelting furnace; The flue gas that produces is entered acid making system, and the fusion desulfurization slag of generation enters electric furnace and carries out retailoring and produce blister copper.
Below in conjunction with example method of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
The composition of used copper ore concentrates (weight %)
??Cu ??Fe ??S ??Pb ??Zn ??SiO 2 ??CaO ??Al 2O 3 ??MgO
??21.40 ??32.05 ??38.73 ??0.40 ??0.61 ??5.49 ??0.17 ??1.0 ??0.058
By CaO/Fe is 0.27 to add lime in copper ore concentrates, adds 3% the coal that accounts for gross weight, and 1200 ℃ of control melt temperatures blast air and carry out the fusion desulfurization.Obtain productive rate 81% (copper ore concentrates relatively), contained Cu26.1% and contained the fusion desulfurization slag of S0.01%.Desulfurization degree is 99.9%.
The fusion desulfurization slag composition (weight %) that produces
????Cu ????Fe ????S ??CaO ??Al 2O 3 ??SiO 2 ??MgO ??Pb ??Zn
????26.2 ????32.16 ????0.01 ??8.66 ??1.40 ??6.59 ??0.07 ??0.07 ??1.01
Embodiment 2
The composition of used copper ore concentrates (weight %)
??Cu ??Fe ??S ??Pb ??Zn ??SiO 2 ??CaO ??Al 2O 3 ??MgO
??21.62 ??30.59 ??34.88 ??1.83 ??2.57 ??3.80 ??1.30 ??0.91 ??0.35
By CaO/Fe is 0.36 to add Wingdale in copper ore concentrates, adds 4% the coal that accounts for gross weight, and 1180 ℃ of control melt temperatures blast air and carry out the fusion desulfurization.Obtain productive rate 85% (copper ore concentrates relatively), contained the fusion desulfurization slag of S0.07%.Desulfurization degree is 99%.
The fusion desulfurization slag composition (weight %) that produces
??Cu ??Fe ??S ??CaO ??Al 2O 3 ??SiO 2 ??MgO ??Pb ??Zn
??25.44 ??35.99 ??0.07 ??12.79 ??1.10 ??4.47 ??0.43 ??1.45 ??1.90
Embodiment 3
The composition of used copper ore concentrates (weight %)
??Cu ??Fe ??S ??Pb ??Zn ??SiO 2 ??CaO ??Al 2O 3 ??MgO
??22.10 ??29.99 ??28.17 ??0.10 ??2.48 ??8.37 ??1.50 ??1.37 ??1.01
By CaO/Fe is 0.25 to add lime in copper ore concentrates, adds 5% the coal that accounts for gross weight, and 1250 ℃ of control melt temperatures blast air and carry out the fusion desulfurization.
The fusion desulfurization slag composition (weight %) that produces
????Cu ????Fe ????S ????CaO ????SiO 2
????25.44 ????35.99 ????0.07 ????9.60 ????9.62
Embodiment 4
The copper ore concentrates composition is with example 3, and CaO/Fe is 0.5, adds 4% the coal account for gross weight, and 1250 ℃ of control melt temperatures blast air and carry out the fusion desulfurization.
The fusion desulfurization slag composition (weight %) that produces
????Cu ????Fe ????S ????CaO ????SiO 2
????26.52 ????36.90 ????0.03 ????18.03 ????10.05
Embodiment 5
The copper ore concentrates composition is with example 3, and CaO/Fe is 0.4, and 1250 ℃ of control melt temperatures blast oxygen-rich air and carry out the fusion desulfurization.
The fusion desulfurization slag composition (weight %) that produces
????Cu ????Fe ????S ????CaO ????SiO 2
????25.57 ????34.70 ????0.02 ????13.88 ????10.00
Embodiment 6
The copper ore concentrates composition is with example 3, and CaO/Fe is 0.35, adds 3% the coal account for gross weight, and 1250 ℃ of control melt temperatures blast air and carry out the fusion desulfurization.
The fusion desulfurization slag composition (weight %) that produces
????Cu ????Fe ????S ????CaO ????SiO 2
????26.49 ????35.95 ????0.08 ????12.58 ????10.03
Embodiment 7
Used copper ore concentrates composition (weight %)
????Cu ????Fe ????S ????Pb ????Zn ????SiO 2 ????CaO ????Al 2O 3 ??MgO
????21.40 ????26.05 ????38.73 ????0.40 ????0.61 ????5.49 ????0.17 ????1.0 ??0.058
CaO/Fe is 0.5, and 1250 ℃ of control melt temperatures blast oxygen rich gas and carry out the fusion desulfurization.
The fusion desulfurization copper ashes main component (weight %) of producing
????Cu ????Fe ????S ????Pb ????Zn ????SiO 2 ????CaO ????Al 2O 3 ????MgO
????23.40 ????27.40 ????0.10 ????0.30 ????0.51 ????6.17 ????13.65 ????1.20 ????0.07
Embodiment 8
Used copper ore concentrates composition (weight %)
?Cu ?Fe ?S ?CaO ?Pb ?Zn ?SiO 2 ?MgO ?Al 2O 3 ?As ?Sb ?Bi
?22.15 ?35.49 ?34.84 ?0.19 ?0.001 ?0.80 ?0.79 ?0.37 ?0.40 ?0.005 ?0.005 ?0.005
Control CaO/Fe is 0.3, blasts oxygen rich gas, carries out the fusion desulfurization in 1200-1250 ℃ of body, has obtained the copper ashes of productive rate 90%.
The fusion desulfurization slag composition (weight %) that produces
?Cu ?Fe ?S CaO ?Pb ?Zn ?SiO 2 ??MgO ??Al 2O 3 ????As ????Sb ????Bi
?24.61 ?39.40 ?0.10 11.47 ?0.001 ?0.90 ?0.88 ??0.37 ??0.40 ????????????∠0.005
After allocating 3% coke powder and 3.5% lime into, with copper ashes in electric furnace the retailoring output reducing slag of slag rate 65% (to concentrate), and the blister copper of productive rate 22.2% (to concentrate).
????Cu ????Fe ????S ????CaO ????Pb ????Zn ????SiO 2 ????MgO ??Al 2O 3 ????As ????Sb ????Bi
Blister copper ????97.30 ????1.08 ????0.14 ????- ????0.01 ????0.13 ????- ????- ??- ????0.015 ????0.002 ????0.009
Reducing slag ????0.82 ????52.65 ????0.23 ????20.22 ????0.013 ????0.42 ????1.22 ????0.60 ??0.50 ??????????????????∠0.005

Claims (2)

1. copper smelting process, it is characterized in that: to contain Fe in the concentrate, allocate copper ore concentrates into lime or Wingdale by the weight ratio of CaO/Fe=0.25～0.5, the even back of batch mixing is in smelting furnace, blast oxygen-rich air, under 1180 ℃ of-1300 ℃ of temperature, carry out the fusion slag making; The flue gas that produces is entered acid making system, and the fusion desulfurization slag of generation enters electric furnace and carries out retailoring and produce blister copper.
2. according to the described copper smelting process of claim, it is characterized in that it is in batching, to add the coal that accounts for concentrate weight 3%～5% again, blast air fusion slag making.
CN 03126454 2003-09-28 2003-09-28 Copper smelting method Expired - Fee Related CN1243115C (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100434549C (en) * 2006-01-24 2008-11-19 周杰 Copper smelting process
CN106086461A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-11-09 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 A kind of method of Copper making process slag making arsenic removal
CN109207715A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-15 江西理工大学 A kind of method of pair of copper ashes modification by calcination recycling iron
CN111041225A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-21 吉林紫金铜业有限公司 Oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting method for lean high-silicon copper concentrate

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100434549C (en) * 2006-01-24 2008-11-19 周杰 Copper smelting process
CN106086461A (en) * 2016-08-18 2016-11-09 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司 A kind of method of Copper making process slag making arsenic removal
CN109207715A (en) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-15 江西理工大学 A kind of method of pair of copper ashes modification by calcination recycling iron
CN109207715B (en) * 2018-10-17 2020-04-07 江西理工大学 Method for roasting, modifying and recycling iron from copper slag
CN111041225A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-21 吉林紫金铜业有限公司 Oxygen-enriched side-blown smelting method for lean high-silicon copper concentrate

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