CN1528134A - Automatic-regulating aquatic animal selection and avoidance temperature observation apparatus - Google Patents
Automatic-regulating aquatic animal selection and avoidance temperature observation apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1528134A CN1528134A CNA2003101117404A CN200310111740A CN1528134A CN 1528134 A CN1528134 A CN 1528134A CN A2003101117404 A CNA2003101117404 A CN A2003101117404A CN 200310111740 A CN200310111740 A CN 200310111740A CN 1528134 A CN1528134 A CN 1528134A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an automatic regulated and controlled type observational equipment for researching environmental temperation selection, avoidance requirements and adaptability of aquatic animal. Said equipment has a cylindrical heat-insulating type observing chamber in which the fresh water or sea water experiment medium is held, the bottom portion and upper portion of the observing chamber are respectively equipped with cooling tube with cooling function and heating tube with heating function, they are respectively controlled by refrigerator and heater to make automatic temp. regulation and control so as to make the experiment medium in the observing chamber form a continuous uniform thermal vertical distribution gradient from top to bottom, in the observing chamber a freely up-down movable turning blade wheel is mounted to accelerate heat exchange of medium and quickly form different temp. layers in the medium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly be used for research observation aquatic animal environmental temperature is selected to require and adaptive observation experiment device with avoiding.
Background technology
Temperature is one of main envirment factor that influences the aquatic animal vital movement, and different aquatic animals is to the requirement difference of environmental temperature.In steam power plant, thermal power station and nuclear power station planning and designing and engineering construction, must consider the fuel factor problem that warm water discharge produces the waters living resources, the warm water discharge in power station may become the principal element of thermal pollution, and heat affecting ecology is the important component part of aquatic ecology research.For this reason, by constructed experiment research, understand active selection and the avoidance situation of aquatic animal fast to temperature, in order to estimate the influence of power station thermal wastewater discharging to the waters living resources, perhaps grasp aquatic economic cultivated animals or external requirement and adaptability thereof of introducing a fine variety animal fast to environmental temperature, to instruct aquaculture work, significant.But the observational study experimental provision that still not can be used for the practicality of above-mentioned purpose requirement at present.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can understand fast that aquatic animal is selected the active of temperature and the auto-control formula aquatic animal of the situation of avoidance is selected and avoid the temperature observation device.
The structure of the described device that the present invention is designed, have one cylindrical circular, the heat insulation type sight chamber of fresh water or seawater experiment medium wherein is housed, the sidewall of said sight chamber is provided with observation window, the top has the heat insulation top cover of an activity, be provided with lighting device on this top cover, above-mentioned heat insulation type sight chamber with heat insulation top cover has good heat-insulation and heat-preservation effect to the test medium in the sight chamber, and can interior the stabilizing of holding device.A cooling tube with the function of cooling that is form concentric spirals shape is set in the bottom of sight chamber, the cryogenic temperature of this cooling tube is by temperature automatically controlled circulating cooling device regulation and control, a heating tube with heat temperature raising function that is form concentric spirals shape is set on the top of this sight chamber, the heating-up temperature of this heating tube is by temperature automatically controlled heater regulation and control, above-mentioned cooling tube and heating tube play a part to cool and heat temperature raising to the test medium in the sight chamber respectively, make sight chamber bottom test medium reduce to predetermined low temperature, make its top layer test medium rise to predetermined high temperature, form one and keep continuously the balanced vertical vertical distribution gradient of heat from top to down, by the regulation and control of temperature automatically controlled circulating cooling device and temperature automatically controlled heater, its temperature gradient can be adjusted between 15～40 ℃ automatically.In sight chamber, be provided with wheel rotor, this wheel rotor is contained on the fulcrum that is positioned at sight chamber axis position by lifting axle sleeve, wheel rotor can rotate around described fulcrum, and can be free up and down in sight chamber by lifting axle, the heat of accelerating medium exchanges, to impel the quick formation of each temperature layer in the medium.
Above-mentioned said observation window is arranged on along on the upper and lower position in 120 ° of three uniform orientation of sidewall of sight chamber, so that the active situation of the observation animal in installing is carried out omnibearing observation.
Auto-control formula aquatic animal of the present invention is selected and avoids the temperature observation device, can be provided with aquatic animal and seek connections with accessory in the sight chamber of device according to the needs of the ecological habit of the aquatic animal of being observed.For the fish of battalion's swimming life, most times are distributed in the water layer, can initiatively tend to and stay in the suitable temperature layer, therefore need not dispose and seek connections with accessory; For seeking the shrimps of dwelling and living in the end, most times live in the bottom, shrimps have the climbing habit, the short time only just occurs to stop in water layer, at this moment in the swimming process, often need and seek connections with accessory, the shrimps utilization is sought connections with accessory and is initiatively tended to and stay in the suitable temperature layer, and it seeks connections with accessory can make rectangular frame by stainless steel strip, sews on etting, the etting hole is 0.5～2.0cm, several thisly can be sought connections with the different parts that accessory is positioned in the sight chamber and gets final product; For the shellfish of the battalion's epiphytism that relies on the byssus motion, can in sight chamber, place and can seek connections with accessory for the adherance conduct that its byssus adheres to, can seek connections with for the experiment shellfish.
This observation experiment device is light, simple in structure, easily assembling, can form the thermograde of equalization stable and carry out automatic regulation, animal observation is convenient, experimental result can reflect the animal temperature selectivity of different developmental phases under different acclimation temperature conditions or under nature of the history of life fast and clearly, is applicable to fish, the shrimp of different developmental phases and has shellfish of byssus etc., can use in scientific experiments such as the heat affecting ecology of multiple fish, shrimps and heat energy metabolism.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that auto-control formula aquatic animal of the present invention is selected and the contour structures schematic diagram of avoiding temperature observation device one embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the interior schematic diagram of Fig. 1 device.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION of accompanying drawing the embodiment of apparatus of the present invention:
As Fig. 1, shown in 2,1 is that this auto-control formula aquatic animal is selected and the sight chamber of avoiding the temperature observation device, the employing thermal conductivity factor is little, light material manufacturing with good heat-proof quality, sight chamber is a cylindrical shape, high 150cm, diameter 75cm, dischargeable capacity reaches 620L, cylindrical shape and big capacity can make the laboratory animal activity freely, the sidewall of sight chamber is provided with observation window 11, observation window is arranged on along on 120 ° of three uniform orientation of sidewall, on the following position, movable heat insulation top cover 12 is arranged at the top of sight chamber, on top cover, be provided with lighting source 10, be provided with cooling tube 2 in the bottom of sight chamber, top is provided with heating tube 3, cooling tube 2 is connected on the temperature automatically controlled circulating cooling device 8 as the cooling evaporator, heating tube is connected on the temperature automatically controlled heater 9, cooling tube 2 and heating tube 3 all are form concentric spirals shape, temperature automatically controlled circulating cooling device 8 carries out auto-control by 15 pairs of cooling tube 2 chilling temperatures of temperature sensor, and temperature automatically controlled heater 9 carries out auto-control by the heating-up temperature of 16 pairs of heating tubes 3 of temperature sensor.At the axis position of sight chamber one a fixed pivot axis 6 is arranged, active impeller 4 and lift axle and 5 be sleeved on the fulcrum 6, can make active impeller 4 up and down in sight chamber by lifting axle 6 along fulcrum, and can freely rotate around fulcrum, this lifts axle 5 top covers 12 from sight chamber and stretches out and can manual or electronic mode control active impeller 4 activities.Inwall at sight chamber is carved with distinct deep calibration line 13, can see the residing temperature layer of animal from each orientation by observation window 11.7 is that the stainless steel frame net formula that is placed in the sight chamber is sought connections with accessory.
When carrying out observation experiment, the test medium of in sight chamber, packing into, the fresh water aquatic animal is used fresh water, the seawater aquatile is used seawater, regulating and control temperature automatically controlled circulating cooling device and temperature automatically controlled heater then respectively makes the test medium bottom of sight chamber and the temperature on top layer arrive low temperature and the high temperature of setting, motion accelerated heat by wheel rotor exchanges, make the test medium in the sight chamber form the equilibrium temperature layer of vertical distribution from top to bottom, its temperature gradient can be adjusted between 15 ℃～40 ℃.At this moment observation just can experimentize to the life of the experiment aquatic animal in the observation device.
The effect of this observation device is as follows:
Use the selection and avoidance temperature of " selection of auto-control formula aquatic animal and avoidance temperature observation device " 3 kinds of important economic fishs of seawater of test and 3 kinds of important economic shrimps.Water temperature when initial in the device is identical with the animal acclimation temperature, makes laboratory animal adapt to new environment easily, reduces stress reaction.The distribution situation of observed and recorded animal in the water of no thermograde 5 times is as the reference frame of experiment.Regulate the water temperature layer then, make it form a predetermined vertically continuous balanced thermograde, per hour observe position and the active situation of a fish in this longitudinal temperature gradient, write down corresponding temperature, Continuous Observation 10 times, then, the quantity that appears at animal in each thermograde is carried out mathematical statistics, that the highest temperature of frequency occurring is the selection optimum temperature of this kind animal, and the temperature that exceeds preference temperature upper limit generation avoiding reaction is that high temperature is avoided temperature, and the result is as follows.
1.1 three kinds of fish are selected and the avoidance temperature
Selection of three kinds of fish of table 1 and avoidance temperature value
Experimental result shows that under 25～33 ℃ of different acclimation temperatures, the selection optimum temperature of black porgy is 22.3～32.5 ℃, and flat porgy is 20.7～31.5 ℃, thin squama
It is 30.9～34.9 ℃.In order to compare the relation between fish selection optimum temperature and the optimum growth temperature, black porgy, flat porgy and thin squama have been carried out
The optimum growth temperature test of three kinds of fish through the experimental period of 20d, belongs to black porgy, the flat porgy of warm warm nature kind, and its optimum growth temperature is 28 ℃; And the thin squama of genus water warm kind
Optimum growth temperature is 32 ℃.Under 25-33 ℃ of four kinds of temperature acclimatisations, the selection optimum temperature mean value of these three kinds of fishes is respectively 28.6 ℃, 28.1 ℃ and 32.8 ℃, and its numerical value is very near their optimum growth temperature.This shows, can use the optimum growth temperature that replaces certain fish with the optimum temperature of certain movable relevant specific function with metabolism.Utilize to select with avoid temperature value can be fast and measure optimum growth temperature and the preference temperature scope of fish exactly.
1.2 three kinds of shrimps are selected and the avoidance temperature
The selection of three kinds of shrimps of table 2 and avoidance temperature value
| Kind | Domestication high temperature degree of rising again keep away temperature (℃) ℃ | Selection preference temperature scope (℃) | Quantity body long (tail) (mm) |
| The upper limit is selected the optimum temperature lower limit | |||
| Penaeus monodon | ????25????32.8 ????28????33.4 ????31????35.2 ????34????33.2 ????35????35.3 | 31.7??26.4??????????20.2 32.6??29.5??????????19.2 33.8??31.4??????????28.0 32.2??32.2??????????25.3 33.9??32.5??????????27.0 | ? ? ??10??????50～55 |
| Dusky white prawn | ????25????33.1 ????28????34.2 ????31????33.5 ????34????34.2 ????35????34.5 | 31.1??27.0??????????24.0 32.6??27.5??????????24.4 31.2??28.2??????????24.4 33.2??29.2??????????25.1 33.5??29.6??????????25.5 | ? ? ??10??????17～22 |
| The nearly new prawn of edge | ????25????35.8 ????28????35.6 ????31????36.8 ????34????36.1 ????37????36.8 | 33.8??30.7?????????24.2 34.4??30.8?????????25.2 35.8??31.9?????????24.6 34.9??32.5?????????27.1 35.5??33.1?????????26.8 | ? ? ??10??????45～50 |
The result shows: tame and docile in the warm scope at 25～35 ℃, the selection optimum temperature of Penaeus monodon is that to avoid temperature be 32.8～35.3 ℃ for 26.4～32.5 ℃, high temperature: it is 27.0～29.6 ℃ that dusky white prawn is selected optimum temperature, and it is 33.1～34.5 ℃ that high temperature is avoided temperature; And the new prawn selection of nearly edge optimum temperature is 30.7～33.1 ℃ under 25～37 ℃ of tame and docile temperature, and it is 35.6～36.8 ℃ that high temperature is avoided temperature.Different plant species temperature selectivity difference, the high temperature avoiding reaction also exists difference.
Claims (4)
1. an auto-control formula aquatic animal is selected and avoidance temperature observation device, it is characterized in that having one cylindrical circular, the heat insulation type sight chamber (1) of fresh water or seawater experiment medium wherein is housed, the sidewall of said sight chamber is provided with observation window (11), the top has the heat insulation top cover (12) of an activity, on this top cover, be provided with lighting device, a cooling tube with the function of cooling (2) that is form concentric spirals shape is set in the bottom of sight chamber, the cryogenic temperature of this cooling tube is by temperature automatically controlled circulating cooling device regulation and control, a heating tube with heat temperature raising function (3) that is form concentric spirals shape is set on the top of this sight chamber, the heating-up temperature of this heating tube is by temperature automatically controlled heater regulation and control, in sight chamber, be provided with wheel rotor (4), this wheel rotor is sleeved on the fulcrum (6) that is positioned at sight chamber axis position by lifting axle (5), liter by heating tube and cooling tube, cooling forms one and keeps vertically vertical distribution gradient of continuous balanced heat from top to down in the test medium of sight chamber.
2. auto-control formula aquatic animal according to claim 1 is selected and avoids the temperature observation device, it is characterized in that the hot longitudinal temperature gradient scope of the test medium of said sight chamber is controlled between 15 ℃～40 ℃ automatically.
3. auto-control formula aquatic animal according to claim 1 is selected and avoids the temperature observation device, it is characterized in that said observation window (11) is arranged on along on the upper and lower position in 120 ° of three uniform orientation of sidewall of sight chamber.
4. auto-control formula aquatic animal according to claim 1 is selected and avoids the temperature observation device, it is characterized in that being provided with in the said sight chamber (1) aquatic animal and seeks connections with accessory (7).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200310111740 CN1209010C (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2003-10-13 | Automatic-regulating aquatic animal selection and avoidance temperature observation apparatus |
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| CN 200310111740 CN1209010C (en) | 2003-10-13 | 2003-10-13 | Automatic-regulating aquatic animal selection and avoidance temperature observation apparatus |
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| CN1528134A true CN1528134A (en) | 2004-09-15 |
| CN1209010C CN1209010C (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100401880C (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2008-07-16 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Labyrinth experiment device for salinity of aquatic animal |
| CN103098743A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Aquatic animal temperature selection experimental system |
| CN103621444A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-12 | 山东中医药大学 | Zebra fish temperature-sensitive behavior track monitor and detection method for effects of cold-heat drug natures of trace ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines |
| CN104756930A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-07-08 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Aquatic animal space size selection device and method |
| CN107646762A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-02 | 重庆师范大学 | A kind of fish temperature selection measure device |
| CN109526813A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Fish temperature preference experimental apparatus for testing |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101194600B (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2010-06-30 | 厦门大学 | Device suitable for minitype aquatic animal temperature selection experiment |
-
2003
- 2003-10-13 CN CN 200310111740 patent/CN1209010C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100401880C (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2008-07-16 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Labyrinth experiment device for salinity of aquatic animal |
| CN103098743A (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2013-05-15 | 大连海洋大学 | Aquatic animal temperature selection experimental system |
| CN103098743B (en) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-08-27 | 大连海洋大学 | Aquatic animal temperature selection experimental system |
| CN103621444A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-12 | 山东中医药大学 | Zebra fish temperature-sensitive behavior track monitor and detection method for effects of cold-heat drug natures of trace ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines |
| CN104756930A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-07-08 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | Aquatic animal space size selection device and method |
| CN104756930B (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-10-19 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | The device and method that aquatic animal space size selects |
| CN107646762A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-02 | 重庆师范大学 | A kind of fish temperature selection measure device |
| CN109526813A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Fish temperature preference experimental apparatus for testing |
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| CN1209010C (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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