CN1527067A - Small integral structure system of ground microwave radiation-scattering meter - Google Patents
Small integral structure system of ground microwave radiation-scattering meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN1527067A CN1527067A CNA03151135XA CN03151135A CN1527067A CN 1527067 A CN1527067 A CN 1527067A CN A03151135X A CNA03151135X A CN A03151135XA CN 03151135 A CN03151135 A CN 03151135A CN 1527067 A CN1527067 A CN 1527067A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to one kind of small integral structure system of ground microwave radiation-scattering meter. The system is integral one of microwave radiation meter and microwave scattering meter, and features the microwave scattering meter of noise system with frequency band range designed to match that of the microwave radiation meter. Under the control of one main controlling and data processing unit, the microwave radiation meter and the microwave scattering meter operate alternately in time sharing mode, have emission leakage detection and receiving gain regulation, and share one receiver. The present invention is favorable to system integration and minimization, and has simplified system structure and lowered system cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave remote sensing instrument, particularly a kind of integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer.
Background technology
Microwave remote sensing has the advantage of all weather operations, is the important technical that is used for obtaining sensor information.Microwave radiometer is a key instrument of implementing passive microwave remote sensing, and microwave scatterometer is one of key instrument of implementing active microwave remote sensing.To lead, passive microwave remote sensing carries out fusion treatment, can be obtained than more significant, the more sensor information of single active or passive remote sensing by many experimental results show that.Microwave radiometer and scatterometer are integrated in same system, measure when not only can realize microwave remote sensing initiatively and passive, but also provide equipment platform for the fusion treatment of master, passive remote sensing information.
At present, the combined system of microwave radiometer and scatterometer has following two class formations:
(1) scatterometer of radiometer+continuous wave system.This is by structure that most combined system adopted.Scatterometer wherein may adopt simple continuous wave system, or adopts the Continuous Wave with frequency modulation system.
(2) scatterometer of radiometer+short pulse system.
In the combinations thereof system, the required project signal of scatterometry is produced by transmitter independently.At receiver section, usually, adopt the receiving antenna of sharp direction wave beam to obtain the required resolving power of radiometer measurement.This receiving antenna can be shared with scatterometer.By appropriate design and utilize the time-division working method, can also make the microwave part of radiometer and the shared receiver of scatterometer and same stagger amplifier.After stagger amplifier, because the bandwidth of the measured signal of radiometer at tens megahertzes to the hundreds of megahertz, and the measured echoed signal bandwidth of scatterometer is generally in the magnitude of several KHz, so, both need be detected by different circuit, and the signal demand of scatterometry is via further amplifying after the narrow-band filtering.Therefore, these systems need separately independently radiation receiver and scatter receiver with detection signal respectively after microwave receiving circuit or stagger amplifier.This is unfavorable for the integrated and miniaturization of total system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer, make that scatterometry and actinometry can shared fully identical receivers, simplied system structure helps miniaturization, reduces system cost.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer, by microwave radiometer and the integrated integrated system of microwave scatterometer, it is characterized in that microwave scattering counts the scatterometer of noise system, its signal band scope is designed to be with radiometer and is complementary, and under the coordination of master control of system and data processor with the mode alternation of time-division, thereby a shared receiver.
The shared receiver of above-mentioned radiometer and scatterometer is made up of receiving antenna, polarization separator, polarization switch, RF switch, low temperature reference source, high temperature reference source, reference source switch, signaling switch, frequency mixer, intermediate frequency amplifier, wave detector, gain adjustment and amplifier and data acquisition unit; Scatter transmitter is made up of solid-state noise source, power amplifier, scatter correction switch, polarization switch, polarization separator and emitting antenna; Respectively form device by master control and data processor controlled and coordinated receiver and transmitter.
The system architecture of the receiver that above-mentioned radiometer and scatterometer are shared is: the output of receiving antenna is connected the input port of master control and data processor successively behind polarization separator, polarization switch, RF switch, signaling switch, frequency mixer, intermediate frequency amplifier, wave detector, gain adjustment and amplifier and data acquisition unit; The system architecture of scatter transmitter is: the output of solid-state noise source is connected emitting antenna through power amplifier, scatter correction switch, polarization switch with polarization separator successively; Above-mentioned receiver system with the structure of the control of transmitter system and coherent system is: one of scatter correction switch output is connected an input of RF switch, and 11 outputs of master control and data processor connect the input of solid-state noise source of emitting antenna, polarization switch, scatter correction switch, power amplifier, the scatter transmitter of receiving antenna, polarization switch, RF switch, reference source switch, signaling switch, gain adjustment and the amplifier and the transmitter of receiver respectively.
Above-mentioned master control and data processor are made up of 52 resistance, 12 light emitting diodes, a crystal oscillator, a PIC16F877 type microcontroller, a MAX232 type RS232 interface chip, four MC1413C type chip for driving, 20 SL985C type photoelectricity coupling chips, seven electric capacity, 56 core connectors, three 8 core connectors and one 3 core connector.
Above-mentioned low temperature reference source and high temperature reference source are made up of shake stream inductance and connector of 40 resistance, five rheostats, two voltage stabilizing diodes, two TIP122 type Darlington transistors, a LM326 type integrated transporting discharging chip (IC3), LM327 type integrated transporting discharging chip, two integrated constant current source chips of SL134M type, filter capacitor, high frequency.
Above-mentioned gain adjustment and amplifier and data acquisition unit are made up of 21 resistance, five rheostats, a triode, a solid-state relay, two OP07 type integrated transporting discharging chips, a LM331 type voltage/frequency transducer, five electric capacity, two inductance and a connector.
In the above-mentioned system, adopted the gain adjustment technology, promptly, remove gain adjustment and amplifier in the receiver control by master control and data processor, the measurement pattern that makes it to take and implementing---be the yield value that scatterometry or actinometry adapt, to handle the very significant power difference between radiation signal and the scattered signal, make the variation of receiver output signal level be in the dynamic range of relative narrower, to guarantee the linearity of signal receiving feature.
In the above-mentioned system, also adopted emission leak detection technology, promptly, when implementing scatterometry, detect the leakage power of transmitter earlier, afterwards to receiver, this leakage power of deduction in the scatter echo power that is detected is to eliminate the interference of leakage power to the scatterometry of noise system.See accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3 explanations for details.
The present invention compared with prior art, have following conspicuous outstanding feature and remarkable advantage: radiation proposed by the invention-scatterometer combined system adopts the structure system of " scatterometer of radiometer+noise system ", makes that scatterometry and actinometry can shared fully identical receivers.Its advantage is:
(1) scatterometer adopts the noise system, with the shared identical receiving test circuit of radiometer, has reduced circuit block, has simplified system architecture, helps miniaturization and reduces system cost.
(2) spectral range and the radiometer of scatterometer institute detectable signal are suitable, can realize that scattering and radiance remote sensing with the synchro measure in the frequency band, help comparative study and complementary research with the master in the frequency band, passive microwave remote sensing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that Fig. 1 example is used for the scatterometry principle schematic to sky, with detection of leaks power.
Fig. 3 is that Fig. 1 example is used for the principle schematic to the scatterometry of object, to remove the leakage power composition in scatter echo power.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are the circuit diagrams of master control and data processor in Fig. 1 example.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of low temperature reference source and high temperature reference source in Fig. 1 example.
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of gain adjustment and amplifier and data acquisition unit in Fig. 1 example.
Embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is, referring to Fig. 1, the integrated small structural system of this ground microwave radiation-scatterometer, by microwave radiometer and the integrated integrated system of microwave scatterometer, it is characterized in that microwave scattering counts the scatterometer of noise system, its signal band scope is designed to be with radiometer and is complementary, and under the coordination of master control of system and data processor 20 with the mode alternation of time-division, thereby a shared receiver.The shared receiver of above-mentioned radiometer and scatterometer is made up of receiving antenna 1, polarization separator 2, polarization switch 3, RF switch 4, low temperature reference source 5, high temperature reference source 6, reference source switch 7, signaling switch 8, frequency mixer 9, intermediate frequency amplifier 10, wave detector 11, gain adjustment and amplifier 12 and data acquisition unit 13; Scatter transmitter is made up of solid-state noise source 19, power amplifier 18, scatter correction switch 17, polarization switch 16, polarization separator 15 and emitting antenna 14; Respectively form device by master control and data processor 20 controls and coordinated receiver and transmitter.The system architecture of the receiver that above-mentioned radiometer and scatterometer are shared is: the output of receiving antenna 1 successively through polarization separator 2, polarization switch 3, RF switch 4, signaling switch 8, frequency mixer 9, intermediate frequency amplifier 10, wave detector 11, gain adjust and amplifier 12 and data acquisition unit 13 after be connected the input port of master control and data processor 20; The system architecture of scatter transmitter is: the output of solid-state noise source 19 is connected emitting antenna 14 through power amplifier 18, scatter correction switch 17, polarization switch 16 and polarization separator 15 successively; Above-mentioned receiver system with the structure of the control of transmitter system and coherent system is: one of scatter correction switch 17 output is connected an input of RF switch 4, and 11 outputs of master control and data processor 20 connect the input of solid-state noise source 19 of emitting antenna 14, polarization switch 16, scatter correction switch 17, power amplifier 18, the scatter transmitter of receiving antenna 1, polarization switch 3, RF switch 4, reference source switch 7, signaling switch 8, gain adjustment and the amplifier 12 and the transmitter of receiver respectively.Above-mentioned master control and data processor 20 are made up of 52 resistance R 1-R52,12 LED 1 one LED12, crystal oscillator XTAL1, PIC16F877 type microcontroller IC1, MAX232 type RS232 interface chip IC2, four MC1413C type chip for driving IC3-IC6,20 SL985C type photoelectricity coupling chip IC 7-IC26, seven capacitor C 1-C7,56 core connector EDGE1, three 8 core connector JMP1--JMP3 and one 3 core connector JCS1.Above-mentioned low temperature reference source 5 and high temperature reference source 6 are made up of shake stream inductance L 1 and connector C22 of 40 resistance R 1-R40, five rheostat W1-W5, two voltage stabilizing diode D1-D2, two TIP122 type Darlington transistors, LM326 type integrated transporting discharging chip IC 3, LM327 type integrated transporting discharging chip IC 4, two integrated constant current source chip IC 5 of SL134M type, IC6, filter capacitor C1, high frequency.Above-mentioned gain adjustment and amplifier 12 and data acquisition unit 13 are made up of 21 resistance R 1-R21, five rheostat W1-W5, triode T1, solid-state relay J1, two OP07 type integrated transporting discharging chip IC 1, IC2, LM331 type voltage/frequency transducer IC3, five capacitor C 1-C5, two inductance L 1, L2 and connector CZ4.
In the system of said structure, have following two key technical problems to need to solve:
(1) received signal power of actinometry and scatterometry has very big difference, needs the special signal receiver system of design so that receiver all has the favorable linearity receiving feature to these two kinds of signals in great dynamic range;
(2) in the scatterometer mode of operation, owing to adopt the noise working system, emission coefficient can cause very strong interference to receiving system, comprise emitting antenna to receiving antenna, radiating circuit disturbs the leakage of receiving circuit.
Adopted following gordian technique to solve the problems referred to above:
(1) gain adjustment scheme is with the greatest differences of the signal power between adaptive radiation measurement and scatterometry.Gain adjustment component 11 among Fig. 1 is selected different yield value (synchronous with the switching of mode of operation) for use according to two kinds of different working modes of actinometry and scatterometry, makes the signal power that is input on the follow-up receiving circuit be positioned at its linear work district.
(2) reveal the Interference Detection scheme to eliminate the strong jamming of emission coefficient, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 to receiving system.Scatterometry is made of two steps: the 1st step, before object is implemented formal measurement, earlier antenna is done scatterometry facing to sky, and at this moment, detect output P
S1Be that emission coefficient is disturbed P for total leakage of receiving system
IThe 2nd step is implemented to measure to object, detects the P of output this moment
S2Be the scattered signal P of object
rDisturb P with leaking
IStack P
r+ P
IThe scattered signal of measuring is P
r=P
S2-P
S1
According to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the course of work of this system is described below:
System is operated in scatterometry and actinometry pattern with time division way.In the scatterometry time period, at first, under the control of master control and data processor 20, solid-state noise source 19 and power amplifier 18 all enter duty, the pairing yield value of 11 selective scattering measurement patterns is adjusted in gain, measuring-signal switch 8 gatings from the signal of RF signaling switch 4 so that receiver is measured scatter echo or scattering power corrected value.Master control and data processor 20 also send instruction makes gain adjust and the pairing yield value of amplifier 12 selective scattering measurement patterns.Then, system is operated in Fig. 2 and the 1st step shown in Figure 3 earlier, at this moment, under the control of master control and data processor 20, antenna driven by motor receiving antenna 1 and emitting antenna 14 turn to the angle of zenith, the scatter correction switch 17 of scatter transmitter will output on the T branch road from the RF signal gating of the noisiness of power amplifier 18, via polarization switch 16 and polarization separator 15, is launched by emitting antenna 14; Simultaneously, RF signaling switch 4 gatings are revealed jamming power from the signal of polarization switch 3 to measure, at this moment, reveal to disturb and adjust and amplifier 11 and data acquisition unit 13 via receiving antenna 1, polarization separation 2, polarization switch 3, measuring-signal switch 8, frequency mixer 9, intermediate frequency amplifier 10, gain, obtain measurement result and preservation by master control and data processor 20, use for follow-up data processing.Afterwards, enter Fig. 2 and the 2nd step shown in Figure 3, under the control of master control and data processor 20, the RF signaling switch 4 of receiver and the scatter correction switch 17 of transmitter are taked following synchronization action, when RF signaling switch 4 gatings during from the signal of polarization switch 3, scatter correction switch 17 gating T branch roads with the output power signal to emitting antenna; When RF signaling switch 4 gatings during from the signal of the R branch road of scatter correction switch 17, scatter correction switch 17 gating R branch roads with the output power correction signal to the R branch road.Signaling switch 4 alternately gatings correspond respectively to and measure scatter echo power and transmit power correction value from the signal of the R branch road of polarization switch 3 and scatter correction switch 17.These two kinds of signals are respectively via measuring-signal switch 8, frequency mixer 9, intermediate frequency amplifier 10, gain adjustment and amplifier 11, wave detector 12, and data acquisition unit 13 obtains measurement result and preservation by master control and data processor 20.At last, in master control and data processor 20, the scatter echo power that records in the 2nd step is deducted leakage measured in the 1st step disturb, and utilize the transmit power correction value that in the 2nd step, records, calculate and obtain scattering coefficient.The polarization switch 16 of transmitter and the polarization switch 3 of receiver under the control of master control and data processor 20, gating horizontal polarization H branch road or vertical polarization V branch road separately, thus obtain scattering coefficient under different polarization such as HH, VV, VH, the HV assembled state.
In time period, at first, master control and data processor 20 send instruction, make the solid-state noise source 19 of transmitter and power amplifier 18 all be in closed condition, to avoid producing the interference to receiver at actinometry; Gain is adjusted and the pairing yield value of amplifier 12 selective radiation measurement patterns, and RF signaling switch 4 gatings are from the signal of polarization switch 2.Under the control of master control and data processor 20, signaling switch 8 and 7 co-ordinations of reference source switch realize the actinometry that two reference sources are proofreaied and correct.In the time period of signaling switch 8 gatings from the signal of reference source switch 7, reference source switch 7 preceding half period and time second half section gating successively from low temperature reference source 5 with from the signal of high temperature reference source 6, correspond respectively to low temperature reference source signal and high temperature reference source signal.Signaling switch 8 alternately gating corresponds respectively to the measuring radiation signal and measures two reference source signal from the signal of RF signaling switch 4 with from the signal of reference source switch 7.These three kinds of signals are adjusted and amplifier 11 and wave detector 12 through frequency mixer 9, intermediate frequency amplifier 10, gain respectively, and data acquisition unit 13 obtains measurement result by master control and data processor 20.Meanwhile low temperature reference source 5 and be that voltage signal is sent to master control and data processor 20 from the temperature inversion that high temperature reference source 6 again respectively will be is separately measured high and low accurately reference temperature value for it.In master control and data processor 20, utilize measurement result and their corresponding reference temperature value of two reference source signal, the measurement result of radiation signal is done linearity correction, calculate radiation brightness.Under the control of master control and data processor 20, polarization switch 3 is gating horizontal polarization H branch road or vertical polarization V branch road alternately, to obtain the radiation brightness signal of these two kinds of polarization.
On above-mentioned scattering and radiometric basis,, further obtain the horizontal polarization emissivity and the vertical polarization emissivity of measured target by combined treatment to scattering coefficient and radiation brightness.
Master control and data processor 20 make antenna rotate needed taking measurement of an angle by sending instructions to the rotary electric machine in receiving antenna 1 and the emitting antenna 14.
In the present embodiment, receiving antenna 1 and emitting antenna 14 adopt the antenna with Low Sidelobe, and for example diagonal horn antenna or lens antenna disturb the leakage of receiving system to reduce emission coefficient.Scatter correction switch 17, signaling switch 8, reference source switch 7, RF switch 4, polarization switch 3 and polarization switch 16 adopt low Insertion Loss microwave switch, as ferrite switch.Design makes the temperature of low temperature reference source 5 and high temperature reference source 6 all be higher than environment temperature, like this, utilizes simple ohmic load heating just can carry out thermostatic control.For example, the temperature of low temperature reference source can be remained on 55 ℃, the temperature of high temperature reference source remains on 85 ℃.Frequency mixer 9 comprises frequency mixer and local vibration source, and local vibration source frequency wherein is consistent with the frequency of operation of scatter transmitter, handles the scatter echo signal so that receiver can receive.Gain is adjusted and the range of adjustment of 12 pairs of gains of amplifier is decided according to the scatterometry of system and radiometric index parameter, generally all more than 30dB.Wave detector 11 adopts quadratic detection.Data acquisition unit 13 is converted into digital signal with simulating signal, to offer master control and data processor 20.Module 19 adopts the solid-state noise source of higher excess noise ratio, to obtain higher output noise power and to alleviate gain index request to follow-up power amplifier 18.Module 18 needs to adopt amplifier blocks, as utilizes the amplifier cascade of secondary or three grades, to obtain higher gain multiple.The gain multiple that improves module 18 can increase the output power of transmitter, thus increase the instrument scatterometry apart from range.
Understand the present invention better for making, be described in further detail this embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.It should be noted that only be one of implementation of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawing figure, but not limitation of the present invention.
In Fig. 4, according to foregoing workflow, when being in the scatterometry pattern, microcontroller IC1 at first sends " emission control switch ", " gain is adjusted " control signal respectively at its pin two 9,30, these two control signals through the isolated variable of the coupling of the photoelectricity among Fig. 4 chip IC 21, IC22, are sent by corresponding connector pin respectively again.Wherein, " emission control switch " signal is sent to the power supply relay of control solid-state noise source 19 and power amplifier 18, makes their energized and enters duty; " gain is adjusted " control signal is sent to the gain adjustment and is amplified 12, makes it select the pairing gain multiple of scatterometry pattern for use, and its principle of work sees follow-up literal for details.Microcontroller IC1 sends " signaling switch " control signal at pin two 1,22 again, after the isolated variable through the coupling of the photoelectricity among Fig. 4 chip IC 17, IC18, send to signaling switch 8 by connector, make its gating from the signal of RF switch 4 so that measure scatter echo or scattering power corrected value.Afterwards, system begins the 1st step shown in Figure 2, and IC1 sends control signal earlier on its pin 33 ~ 36, via corresponding photoelectricity coupling chip and the connector among Fig. 3, deliver to the antenna drive motor in receiving antenna 1 and the transmitting antenna 14, make them turn to the angle that zenith is measured; Then, IC1 sends " RF switch " control signal at its pin two 7,28, through photoelectricity coupling and connector, delivers to RF switch 4 and scatter correction switch 17, make them take harmonious action in the system works principle as the aforementioned, be used for measuring and leak jamming power.Leak jamming power and be converted to pulse signal (as shown in Figure 6) by data acquisition 13, deliver to the pin one 5 of the EDGE1 among Fig. 3, again through opto-coupler chip IC7, the pin one 5 to IC1 carries out count measurement.Subsequently, come into effect the 2nd step shown in Figure 2, IC1 sends control signal earlier on its pin 33 ~ 36, be coupled to connector through photoelectricity, removes the driven antenna motor as " antenna Electric Machine Control " signal, makes antenna turn to desired taking measurement of an angle.IC1 sends " RF switch " control signal on its pin two 7,28, make RF switch 4 and scatter correction switch 17 according to the mode synchronization action in the aforesaid system works principle, to measure scatter echo power and transmit power correction value respectively.These two power signals earlier are converted to pulse signal by data acquisition 13 too, deliver at last on the pin one 5 of IC1 and measure.The IC1 scatter echo power that the 2nd step among Fig. 2 is measured deducts leakage measured in the 1st step and disturbs, and utilizes the transmit power correction value that records in the 2nd step, calculates and obtains scattering coefficient.IC1 sends " emission polarization switch " control signal on its pin one 8,23, on its pin one 6,17, send " reception polarization switch " control signal, these control signals are via the isolated variable of the coupling of the photoelectricity among Fig. 4 chip IC 23 ~ IC26, send through corresponding connector pin again, arrive the polarization switch 16 of transmitter and the polarization switch 3 of receiver respectively, with gating horizontal polarization H branch road or vertical polarization V branch road separately, thereby obtain scattering coefficient under different polarization such as HH, VV, VH, the Hv assembled state.
When being in the actinometry pattern, microcontroller IC1 at first utilizes " emission control switch " signal on its pin two 9 to remove to control the power control relay of solid-state noise source 19 and power amplification 18, make their deenergizations and enter closed condition, to avoid that the signal of receiver is caused interference; Utilize the feasible gain adjustment of " gain is adjusted " control signal on the pin 30 and amplify the pairing gain multiple of 12 selective radiation measurement patterns; Utilize " RF switch " control signal on the pin two 7,28, make the signal of RF switch 4 gatings from polarization switch 3.Afterwards, IC1 sends control signal on its pin 33 ~ 36, makes antenna turn to desired taking measurement of an angle.IC1 utilizes " signaling switch " control signal on the pin two 1,22, and " reference source switch " control signal on the pin one 9,20, remove control signal switch 8 and reference source switch 7 respectively, make them carry out synchronization action according to the mode in the system works principle noted earlier, so, on the pin one 5 of IC1, record the performance number of object radiation signal and two reference source signal (85 degree, 55 degree) successively.Be respectively the high temperature reference source temperature from module 5 and 6, the voltage signal of low temperature reference source temperature on the pin two, 3 of IC1, IC1 does to obtain actual temperature value after the A/D conversion to them.Two reference source signal performance numbers that IC1 utilizes these two temperature values and records are previously proofreaied and correct object radiation signal power, calculate the radiation brightness of target object.IC1 sends " reception polarization switch " control signal and removes the polarization switch 3 of receiver control on its pin one 6,17, replace gating horizontal polarization H branch road or vertical polarization V branch road, to obtain the radiation brightness signal of these two kinds of polarization.
In Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, adopt photoelectricity coupling chip IC 7 ~ IC26 to make isolated variable especially, to reduce the influence of external interference source to the DATA REASONING of IC1.
Fig. 6 comprises low temperature reference source 5 and high temperature reference source 6, realizes the thermostatic control of 55 ℃ and 85 ℃, and is analog voltage signal with these two temperature transition, offers the IC1 among Fig. 3.Module 5 is identical with the principle of work of module 6, therefore, is that example is introduced its course of work with module 5 only below.Integrated constant current source IC5 is that the actual temperature value of 55 ℃ low temperature load component is converted to current signal with nominal temperature, is converted to voltage signal via R1 and W4.This voltage signal is followed output by IC1-1, on the input end of IC1-3 with from the reference voltage of IC1-2, compare, by the difference voltage of IC1-3 output with respect to reference voltage, amplify through IC1-4 again, produce the voltage signal of the actual temperature value of expression low temperature reference source, send IC1 to Fig. 3 by the B3 pin of connector CZ2.Difference voltage by IC1-3 output is also followed the negative input end that exports IC2-1 to through IC2-3, compare with 55 ℃ of reference voltages on the positive input terminal, resulting difference voltage is through amplifying rear drive Darlington transistor T1, go to heat the load of 55 in low temperature load component degree, in order to keep 55 ℃ temperature.Voltage signal on the connector CZ2-B3 can be regulated by rheostat W4 for the sensitivity of temperature variation; Rheostat W1 then is used for adjusting the absolute size of this magnitude of voltage.Rheostat W2 is used for the nominal temperature value of meticulous adjustment low temperature reference source 5, and temperature is positioned on 55 ℃ exactly.
In this example, the nominal temperature of two reference sources is set to be higher than 55 ℃ and 85 ℃ of environment temperature, makes to adopt comparatively that the simple heating method makes the temperature maintenance of reference source on its nominal temperature value.
Fig. 6 comprises gain and adjusts and amplifier 12 and data acquisition unit 13.The adjustment of 12 pairs of modules gain multiple is that the switch by solid-state relay J1 switches and realizes.When system works during in the scatterometry pattern, be subjected to control from " gain is adjusted " signal of Fig. 4 (module 20) IC1, the switch connection of J1 " scattering " terminal, signal are directly inputted on the IC2 and amplify.Just, the gain multiple during scatterometry equals the Amplifier Gain multiple that is made of IC2.When system works during in the actinometry pattern, because radiation signal power is less, make J1 connect " radiation " terminal from " gain is adjusted " signal of Fig. 4 (module 20) IC1, so, radiation signal is before amplifying on the IC2, earlier through the amplification by the amplifier that IC1 constituted.Like this, the gain multiple during actinometry equals IC1 and pairing two the Amplifier Gain multiples of IC2 are long-pending, much larger than the gain multiple of scatterometry.The result is, although the radiation signal power and the scattered signal power of input are widely different, through after the gain adjustment of module 12, the signal power that outputs on the follow-up module 13 can both drop in the sensing range of LM331.Module 13 utilizes LM331 that the analog voltage amount of measured signal is converted to pulsed frequency, is sent to module 20 (see figure 4)s by the A20 pin of connector CZ4, detects for IC1.Rheostat W5 is used to regulate the conversion proportion between aanalogvoltage and the pulsed frequency.Rheostat W2, W4 are respectively applied for the enlargement factor of regulating IC1, IC2.
Like this, according to technical scheme of the present invention, utilize the orderly combination and the cooperation of various control signals in the module 20 of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, and the synchronous adjustment of 12 pairs of signal receiving gains of module of Fig. 7, realized integrated in same instrument system of actinometry and scatterometry.
Claims (7)
1. the integrated small structural system of a terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer, by microwave radiometer and the integrated integrated system of microwave scatterometer, it is characterized in that microwave scattering counts the scatterometer of noise system, its signal band scope is designed to be with radiometer and is complementary, and under the coordination of master control of system and data processor (20) with the mode alternation of time-division, thereby a shared receiver.
2. the integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer according to claim 1 in order to realize a shared receiver, is characterized in that having adopted receiving gain adjustment and emission leak detection.
3. the integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the shared receiver of radiometer and scatterometer is adjusted by receiving antenna (1), polarization separator (2), polarization switch (3), RF switch (4), low temperature reference source (5), high temperature reference source (6), reference source switch (7), signaling switch (8), frequency mixer (9), intermediate frequency amplifier (10), wave detector (11), gain and amplifier (12) and data acquisition unit (13) are formed; Scatter transmitter is made up of solid-state noise source (19), power amplifier (18), scatter correction switch (17), polarization switch (16), polarization separator (15) and emitting antenna (14); Respectively form device by master control and data processor (20) control and coordinated receiver and transmitter.
4. the integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer according to claim 2 is characterized in that the system architecture of the receiver that radiometer and scatterometer are shared is: the output of receiving antenna (1) is connected to the input port of master control and data processor (20) successively behind polarization separator (2), polarization switch (3), RF switch (4), signaling switch (8), frequency mixer (9), intermediate frequency amplifier (10), wave detector (11), gain adjustment and amplifier (12) and data acquisition unit (13); The system architecture of scatter transmitter is: the output of solid-state noise source (19) is connected emitting antenna (14) through power amplifier (18), scatter correction switch (17), polarization switch (16) and polarization separator (15) successively; The control of above-mentioned receiver system and transmitter system with the structure of coherent system is: an output of scatter correction switch (17) is connected an input of RF switch (4), and 11 control signal outputs of master control and data processor (20) connect the receiving antenna (1) of receiver respectively, polarization switch (3), RF switch (4), reference source switch (7), signaling switch (8), the emitting antenna (14) of gain adjustment and amplifier (12) and transmitter, polarization switch (16), scatter correction switch (17), power amplifier (18), the input of the solid-state noise source (19) of scatter transmitter.
5. the integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer according to claim 2 is characterized in that master control and data processor (20) are by 52 resistance (R1-R52), 12 light emitting diodes (LED1-LED12), a crystal oscillator (XTAL1), a PIC16F877 type microcontroller (IC1), a MAX232 type RS232 interface chip (IC2), four MC1413C type chip for driving (IC3-IC6), 20 SL985C type photoelectricity coupling chips (IC7-IC26), seven electric capacity (C1-C7), one 56 core connector (EDGE1), three 8 core connectors (JMP1-JMP3) and one 3 core connector (JCS1) are formed.
6. the integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer according to claim 2 is characterized in that low temperature reference source (5) and high temperature reference source (6) are by 40 resistance (R1-R40), five rheostats (W1-W5), two voltage stabilizing diodes (D1-D2), two TIP122 type Darlington transistors, a LM326 type integrated transporting discharging chip (IC3), a LM327 type integrated transporting discharging chip (IC4), two the integrated constant current source chip of SL134M type (IC5, IC6), a filter capacitor (C1), a high frequency shakes and flows inductance (L1) and a connector (C22) composition.
7. the integrated small structural system of terrestrial microwave radiation-scatterometer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that gaining adjustment and amplifier (12) and data acquisition unit (13) are made up of 21 resistance (R1-R21), five rheostats (W1-W5), a triode (T1), a solid-state relay (J1), two OP07 type integrated transporting discharging chips (IC1, IC2), a LM331 type voltage/frequency transducer (IC3), five electric capacity (C1-C5), two inductance (L1, L2) and a connector (CZ4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB03151135XA CN100344987C (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2003-09-23 | Small integral structure system of ground microwave radiation-scattering meter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB03151135XA CN100344987C (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2003-09-23 | Small integral structure system of ground microwave radiation-scattering meter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1527067A true CN1527067A (en) | 2004-09-08 |
| CN100344987C CN100344987C (en) | 2007-10-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB03151135XA Expired - Fee Related CN100344987C (en) | 2003-09-23 | 2003-09-23 | Small integral structure system of ground microwave radiation-scattering meter |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101363913B (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2011-01-12 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五0四研究所 | Signal processing method of fan-shaped beam circular cone scanning microwave scatterometer |
| CN107453733A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-12-08 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | A kind of ferrite switch driver of temperature self-adaptation |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5175555A (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1992-12-29 | Harris Corporation | Combined radar altimeter, radiometer sensor employing multiport feed horn having blended sidewall geometry |
| CN2271717Y (en) * | 1996-09-28 | 1997-12-31 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Microwave radiometer with digital automatic compensation |
| CN2315576Y (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 1999-04-21 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Microwave radiometer with internal thermostat |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101363913B (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2011-01-12 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五0四研究所 | Signal processing method of fan-shaped beam circular cone scanning microwave scatterometer |
| CN107453733A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-12-08 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | A kind of ferrite switch driver of temperature self-adaptation |
| CN107453733B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2020-09-01 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Temperature-adaptive ferrite switch driver |
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| CN100344987C (en) | 2007-10-24 |
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