CN1522838A - Knife cutting type paper lamination quick forming machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to a low-cost quick lamination making equipment for making paper product raw type and model. It uses cutter with adaptive steering capability as layer-by-layer cutting tool of paper material, and is formed from cutter device, cutter controller and XY movement mechanism driven by step-by-step motor. Said invention utilizes a precision switch and a working table movement controlled by step-by-step motor to form said invented high-grade measurement system. Said mechanism structure is simple and low in cost.

Description

The knife cutting type ply of paper is folded fast forming machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of quickly shaping device, the knife cutting type ply of paper of particularly a kind of paper products prototype, model is folded quick shaping making apparatus.This equipment specific implementation the laminated solid body manufacturing technology in the RP technique field.

Background technology

The laminated solid body manufacturing technology is that a kind of paper material that relies on is successively piled up the rapid prototyping technology that directly obtains the actual physics model from three-dimensional CAD model.During with laminated solid body fabrication techniques model, at first to obtain to be processed three-dimensional CAD model, successively be made data to the threedimensional model layering or to layering in real time in the processing then.During concrete the making, forming machine is successively spread paper, bonding and cutting when the anterior layer profile according to above-mentioned individual-layer data, finally produces the making piece that has comprised product, takes out analogue formation after manually peeling off waste material.

The laminated solid body manufacturing technology prices of raw and semifnished materials simple owing to its principle, that realize conveniently, adopt are cheap, thereby domestic and international existing how tame manufacturers produce relevant device.These equipment with the paper of band PUR as rapidoprint, with laser or cutter as the cutting means.Representational product has:

U.S. Helisys company product.Helisys is the producer that produces the laminated solid body manufacturing equipment the earliest, and equipment adopts the CO2 laser instrument to cut means as paper material, by successively bonding, the cutting process analogue formation of paper material.This equipment comprises a laser cutting system of being made up of laser instrument and light path system thereof, realizes the concrete cutting work of paper material; Form paper advance mechanism by collection volume, guide roller group and stock roll, by driven by motor collection volume and raw material paper roll carriage tape; By the hot pressing mechanism that the hot pressing roller is formed, the hot pressing of finishing paper is bonding, workbench bearing stack material and making piece.Because laser and light path system cost height thereof, thereby equipment manufacturing cost costliness, and must there be special pump drainage mechanism to discharge the smog that laser cutting produces outdoor.

Another quires layer fast forming machine adopts laser cutting paper material analogue formation, and this equipment also is to rely on the laser cutting material web, and its paper advance mechanism is respectively to establish a stepper motor at paper feeding end and collection end, and anti-deviation, the anti-wrinkling device of paper is arranged.The heat cohesive device that adds of this equipment is made of the rubber backer roll that preheat lamp, infrared hot plate, preheating chamber, adjustable in pressure steel heat backer roll and adjustable in pressure; Slipping device in the equipment is by moving wheel, friction pulley, spring, adjuster, constitute near switch, receiver and controller.This equipment has been realized between the ply of paper bonding firm, realizes that no tension force send collection.

The equipment overall structure of the large-scale laminated solid body manufacturing system of Tsing-Hua University research and preceding two kinds similar, but adopted two laser scannings processing mode that walks abreast.

The product of Japan Kira company adopts computer-controlled cutter to carry out the material cutting, and cutter relies on the XY motion locating system to drive.Compare with laser cutting, the cost of charp tool low and the cutting can not produce smog.Unfavorable for avoiding tool pressure to cause cutting a sheet of paper, system has directly used the paper material of fixed dimension specification, by a kind of paper advance mechanism of similar printer material is sent into Working position.When paper was bonding, it is bonding to the hot pressing of paper that system adopts heating platen to realize.Because the heating platen area is big, thereby its heat radiation is bigger, the shaping built-in temperature is higher.

When adopting laser cutting, a cover laser cutting system, to 100,000 yuans, cost is high tens thousand of for the price that comprises laser instrument and light path system thereof.Because cutting is that gasification produces the cutting slot by material combustion, thereby product surface blackening, coarse.Material combustion can produce a large amount of smog during cutting, thus this kind equipment all to have increased extra pump drainage mechanism outdoor so that smog is discharged, increased environmental pollution.In addition laser cutting is controlled also relative complex.

The paper material thickness detection mechanism of existing laminated solid body manufacturing equipment is owing to the error of paper material thickness fluctuation and PUR thin and thick, and the short transverse error that laminated solid body is made product is bigger.In order to eliminate the product height error that causes because of material thin and thick, hot pressing roller pressure, a kind of is to adopt to make compensation method, promptly at first obtain making offset data under the process conditions, add layer of compensation of increase and decrease after the certain number of plies of every making in man-hour, to eliminate the accumulation of error of short transverse by test.This method is influenced by process conditions, environmental factor and material, and offset data has error, and the making precision is limited; Another kind method is to survey in real time highly, highly determines individual-layer data when anterior layer according to the actual measurement of making layer, avoids height error.At present adopting the height finder structure of this method is the height detection element with the Linear displacement transducer, and computer goes out actual height according to detecting data reduction, and this mechanism structure complexity, cost be higher, strict to environment and testing circuit.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to design a kind of laminated solid body manufacturing equipment by computer-controlled machine driving pattern, this equipment uses machinery knives diced system, real-time detecting system and monolateral paper feed system, overcome the expensive pollution that reaches environment of laser cutting system, also overcome when hot pressing simultaneously, the shortcoming that the shaping built-in temperature is higher makes simplified control and is easy to and safeguards.The present invention is in order to realize the fast hierarchical making apparatus of a kind of low cost, easy-operating knife cutting type paper products prototype, model.

Purpose of the present invention is finished by the following technical programs, and the motion of whole forming machine is by computer control, and it improves from cutter diced system, paper feed system and real-time height-finding system three aspects.The cutter diced system can reduce equipment cost, avoids cutting smog.When adopting the cutting of computer control cutter, computer is according to profile decision cutter cut direction to be processed, and the cutting to paper is finished in real time altering cutter tangential.The coil paper device that to place in the workbench both sides be designed to one and be sidelong and put, and increase tensioning apparatus, make paper open and flat no wrinkle when hot pressing and cutting.In real time the height finder structure is a rotation step number of utilizing computer control and record stepper motor, rotates range difference that step number converses shop paper front-rear switch operating point and workbench home position by motor and measures the product height.

Knife cutting type ply of paper of the present invention is folded fast forming machine, form by working table movement system, sheet conveying system and machinery knives diced system, its motion is by computer control, and wherein the working table movement system is made up of workbench, drive rail, leading screw and motor.Guide rail is arranged on the below of workbench and matches with turn-screw, and turn-screw is connected with motor; The sheet conveying system is made up of paper advance mechanism and hot pressing roller, paper advance mechanism is arranged on a side of hot pressing roller and workbench, paper tape on the paper tape stock roll drive by the paper advance mechanism drive roller sets and under the roll-in of hot pressing roller the table top by workbench, become tensioning apparatus by several deflector rolls are capable; This forming machine also is provided with altitude measurement system, form by switch, switch contact, switch signal line, installing plate, hot pressing roller crossbeam and measurement paper, lower right at hot pressing roller crossbeam is connected with the hot pressing roller and is provided with installing plate on its left side by spring, lower left at installing plate is provided with switch, be provided with switch contact in the switch lower left, switch contact is positioned at the top of measuring paper h1 height, and switch signal line is drawn from switch.

Sheet conveying of the present invention system is made up of drive roller sets, dancing roll group, paper roll holder, more than device all is arranged on paper feed one side of workbench, wherein drive roller sets is set to two roller pair rollers up and down, the dancing roll group is made up of several rollers, and form " it " word shape solid jointly with drive roller sets and paper tape stock roll and place and be installed in separately on the support of bearing of oneself, form tensioning apparatus.The paper tape stock roll is placed on the paper roll holder.

Cutter diced system of the present invention is a kind of mechanical driving device, form by cutter controller, cutter cantilever arm, cutter arrangement, driving slide block and fixed guide, cutter controller is installed on the vertical plane that drives slide block, it is one vertical with it and the cutter cantilever arm of cutter arrangement is housed that the vertical plane of cutter controller is provided with, and drives slide block and fixed guide and be slidingly connected.

Cutter arrangement is made up of magnet, tool rest, bearing, icking tool and tool rest overcoat, magnet cartridge is at the base bosom of tool rest overcoat, tool rest be sleeved on the magnet and the inwall of tool rest overcoat on, in the lower end of the lower end of tool rest outer casing inner wall and tool rest bearing is housed respectively, icking tool is installed in bearing and the tool rest, the point of a knife of icking tool stretches out the outer length a little more than the thick h value of paper of tool rest overcoat.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of forming machine equipment;

Fig. 2 is the height-finding system schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is a cutter diced system schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of cutter arrangement;

Fig. 5 is the computer-controlled program block diagram.

The specific embodiment

With reference to Fig. 1, knife cutting type ply of paper of the present invention is folded fast forming machine, is made up of working table movement system, sheet conveying system and machinery knives diced system.

Wherein the working table movement system is made up of workbench 4, drive rail 2, turn-screw 3 and motor 1, and guide rail 2 is arranged on the below of workbench 4 and matches with turn-screw 3, and turn-screw 3 is connected with motor 1; Workbench 4 provides the making platform, and it is driven by leading screw 3 that links to each other with stepper motor 1 and drive rail 2.

Sheet conveying of the present invention system is made up of drive roller sets 16, dancing roll group 18, paper tape stock roll 19, paper roll holder 20 and hot pressing roller 15, and more than device all is arranged on paper feed one side of workbench 4; Wherein drive roller sets 16 is set to up and down two roller pair rollers and drives the automatic feed that paper is realized paper; The hot pressing roller is connected on the paper material thermocompression bonded on the last product, and hot pressing roller 15 is driven by stepper motor 5 and synchronous cog belt 6; Dancing roll group 18 is made up of several rollers, and form " it " word shape solid jointly with drive roller sets 16 and paper tape stock roll 19 and place, each roller group is installed on separately the support of bearing, forms tensioning apparatus, control paper tape 17 travel paths the and influence tension force of paper tape and eliminate the paper tape impact; Paper tape stock roll 19 is placed on the paper roll holder 20.Paper tape 17 on the paper tape stock roll 19 drive by paper advance mechanism drive roller sets 16 and under the roll-in of hot pressing roller 15 by the table top of workbench 4, the three-dimensional displacement structure of its " it " font is strained paper when transporting paper.

This forming machine also is provided with altitude measurement system, form by switch 30, switch contact 31, switch signal line 27, installing plate 28, hot pressing roller crossbeam 29 and measurement paper 32, hot pressing roller crossbeam is driven by stepper motor, drives the motion of switch and hot pressing roller, realizes that paper is measured and hot pressing is bonding.Lower right at hot pressing roller crossbeam 29 is connected with hot pressing roller 15 and is provided with installing plate 28 on its left side by spring,, switch is fixed on hot pressing roller crossbeam or the XY motion structure.Be provided with switch 30 in the lower left of installing plate 28, be provided with switch contact 31 in the lower left of switch 30, switch contact 31 is positioned at the top of measuring paper 32 1 h1 height, and switch signal line 27 is drawn from switch 30.Workbench 4 by switch 30 and stepper motor 1 control constitutes the real-time testing agency that makes height, the height finder structure is made up of a precision switch 30 in real time, move by stepper motor 1 control workbench 4 during concrete the detection, switching signal 27 directly links to each other with computer, computer changes the step number that definite stepper motor that drives working table movement has rotated according to signal, determine the range difference that paper front and back, shop workbench is advanced, change out paper sheet thickness and make height.Sense switch in the height finder structure can be selected accurate limit switch in real time.The accuracy limitations of switch motion point is in ± 0.01mm.Switch is fixed on by installing plate on the crossbeam of hot pressing roller, and the switch contact position answers the bottom surface of specific heat pressure roller high slightly, so as not to the hot pressing roller when rolling paper switch contact touch paper.Switch is driven along hot pressing roller motion path by hot pressing roller crossbeam and moves until the detection position that arrives expection, but multimetering is to eliminate measure error.Workbench is driven by precision ball screw by stepper motor, and computer links to each other with the step motor control signal end by motor control card, stepper motor driver, decision motor starting and stopping and running.In order to reduce the hot pressing roll temperature switch is influenced, the installing plate of switch should be heat insulation.

Cutter diced system of the present invention is by computer-controlled mechanical driving device, is made up of cutter controller 22, cutter cantilever arm 23, cutter arrangement 24, driving slide block 25 and fixed guide 26.Cutter controller 22 is installed on the vertical plane that drives slide block 25, and it is one vertical with it and the cutter cantilever arm 23 of cutter arrangement 24 is housed that the vertical plane of cutter controller 22 is provided with, and drives slide block 25 and be slidingly connected with fixed guide 26.Wherein cutter arrangement 24 is made up of magnet 33, tool rest 34, bearing 35, icking tool 36 and tool rest overcoat 37, magnet 33 is contained in the interior centre of base of tool rest overcoat 37, tool rest 37 be sleeved on the magnet 33 and the inwall of tool rest overcoat 37 on, in the lower end of the lower end of tool rest overcoat 37 inwalls and tool rest 34 bearing 35 is housed respectively, icking tool 36 is installed in bearing 35 and the tool rest 34, the point of a knife of icking tool 36 stretches out tool rest overcoat 37 outer length a little more than the thick h value of paper.Cutter diced system two Dimensional XY motion driven by stepper motors is formed, and cutter controller is driven by Y-axis.During cutting, computer is according to face profile data to be processed, and the motor-driven knife difference of control XY motion is mended the cutting profile data, the motor-driven knife difference of control XY motion mend cut out expectation when the anterior layer profile.The cantilever arm clamping tool envelope of cutter controller, and the control cutter is pressed and cutter lifting, the roll setting of cutter are moved.The XY motion can adopt stepper motor and precision ball screw pair of nut and corresponding guide rail to form.Because the cutter cutting force is little, so the range of work also can make ball guide screw nat into timing belt when little, with further reduction system cost.Control system comprises industrial control computer, has the motor control card of I/O port, stepper motor and driver thereof and associated driver circuitry.The control signal of computer drives cutter and finishes profile interpolation cutting through control card, motor driver control step motor-driven leading screw or synchronous cog belt.The cutting cutter lifting that computer sends, roll setting control signal also by the output of I/O port, directly link to each other with cutter controller.

Height-finding system schematic diagram with reference to Fig. 2, lower right at hot pressing roller crossbeam 29 is connected with hot pressing roller 15 and is provided with installing plate 28 on its left side by spring, be provided with switch 30 in the lower left of installing plate 28, be provided with switch contact 31 in the lower left of switch 30, switch contact 31 is positioned at measures the height that paper 32 has a h1, and switch signal line 27 is drawn from switch 30.Workbench 4 by switch 30 and stepper motor 1 control constitutes the real-time testing agency that makes height, the height finder structure is made up of a precision switch 30 in real time, drive workbench 4 motions by stepper motor 1 during concrete the detection, switching signal 27 directly links to each other with computer, and measuring system is carried out the height conversion of h0-h1 according to the umber of pulse of motor movement.

With reference to the cutter diced system schematic diagram of Fig. 3, cutter diced system of the present invention is a kind of mechanical driving device, is made up of cutter controller 22, cutter cantilever arm 23, cutter arrangement 24, driving slide block 25 and fixed guide 26.Cutter controller 22 is installed on the vertical plane that drives slide block 25, and it is one vertical with it and the cutter cantilever arm 23 of cutter arrangement 24 is housed that the vertical plane of cutter controller 22 is provided with, and drives slide block 25 and be slidingly connected with fixed guide 26.Paper cutting drives by cutter arrangement 24, cutter controller 22 and by stepper motor 9 and 11 and finishes.Wherein the diced system Y-axis comprises stepper motor 11, turn-screw 13 and guide rail 8, and stepper motor 11 links to each other with turn-screw 13, and turn-screw 13 and guide rail 8 match; The diced system X-axis comprises stepper motor 9, turn-screw 10 and guide rail 7, and stepper motor 9 links to each other with turn-screw 10, and turn-screw 10 and guide rail 7 match; Cutter controller 22 is directly driven by the diced system Y-axis; During cutting, computer is according to face profile Data Control XY motion motor 1 to be processed, the cutter arrangement 24 of drive installation on cutter controller 22 cantilever arms, difference mend cut out expectation when the anterior layer profile.Because point of a knife can be followed the tracks of axes movement locus automatically, therefore adopt this device to need not to control cut direction, cutter has the ability of adaptively changing cut direction.The cantilever arm 23 clamping cutters of cutter controller 22, and the control cutter is pressed and cutter lifting, the roll setting of cutter are moved.

Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of cutter arrangement, cutter arrangement 24 is made up of magnet 33, tool rest 34, bearing 35, icking tool 36 and tool rest overcoat 37, magnet 33 is contained on the base of tool rest 34, tool rest 34 is threaded with tool rest overcoat 37, in the lower end of the lower end of tool rest overcoat 37 inwalls and tool rest 34 bearing 35 is housed respectively, icking tool 36 is installed in bearing 35 and the tool rest 34.Icking tool 36 radially supports by precision ball bearings 35, and conical top and tool rest 34 constitute actual oiliness bearing and make its axial location by magnet 33 gravitation in the tool rest 34, and total has guaranteed that icking tool 36 can rotate around its axis flexibly in tool rest 34.

Fig. 5 is the computer-controlled program block diagram, according to its flow chart, before making beginning, computer is at first controlled workbench by rising on the predetermined operating position until switch motion, after computer reads the on off state variation, rotate step number by stepper motor and can calculate the distance h 0 of switch motion point to the workbench initial point, workbench returns to initial point then; Order paper feeding drive motors is just transferring paper feeding and is taking on the table top; Carry out hot pressing action, all thermocompression bonded splicings of moving of hot pressing roller are opened; Paper feeding drive motors counter-rotating tensioning paper tape; The action of cutting a sheet of paper, cutter separates paper severing from paper tape; In the making, whenever laying one deck paper material, make workbench rise up to the action of paper touch switch, computer rotates pedometer according to stepper motor and calculates the distance h 1 that paper is put in switch motion then, equals h0-h1 so obtain paper sheet thickness; Afterwards, it is thick that workbench is return one deck paper that descends again behind the initial point, and this moment, paper range switch operating point was h0; Revise the variable of layer height, carry out layering, obtain the cross section of threedimensional model at its height; Make, drive the cutter cutting by XY mechanism and work as anterior layer; As unfinished, then get back to the initial actuating position.The height variable increase a piece of paper that is used for the three-dimensional CAD model layering is thick, obtains current making height.Delamination software is highly carried out the layering processing with this, just can obtain the outline data of current making layer, has realized the purpose of highly carrying out layering according to actual measurement.

Good effect of the present invention is that the cutter cutting of computerizeing control has replaced laser cutting, equipment and operating cost thereof is greatly reduced, and exempted smog pump drainage mechanism, has improved the surface quality of product.The self-adapting steering ability of cutter has been avoided real-time calculating and the control of computer to the cutter cut direction, has simplified cutter structure and cost.Need not during cutting cutter is tangentially controlled, cut direction can rely on the cutter structure adaptively changing, has improved parts quality.The cutter cutting is compared with the wide slot of the formed 0.1～0.2mm of laser cutting, the slot size of cutter cutting is by material deformation and the decision of cutter structure size, the product scale error that causes because of slot size about 0.003mm, the scale error that causes far below laser cutting.In addition, the cutter cutting does not produce smog, and the burnt vestige of leaving over is not cut on the product surface.

The height finder structure only comprises a sense switch in real time, it has replaced and has been worth higher Linear displacement transducer and corresponding signal condition amplifying circuit, can directly be computer acquisition, computed altitude value, thereby reduce resource occupation, improve the antijamming capability of signal simultaneously.In real time height finder constitutes that this is cheap, compact conformation, reliability and antijamming capability be strong.

Adopt one-sided placement paper feed system, owing to used the guide roller set tensioning apparatus, the open and flat no wrinkle of paper when cutting is than laser cutting conserves paper.

Claims (4)

1, the folded fast forming machine of a kind of knife cutting type ply of paper, form by working table movement system, sheet conveying system and laser cutting tool diced system, its motion is by computer control, wherein the working table movement system is made up of workbench (4), drive rail (2), leading screw (3) and motor (1), guide rail (2) is arranged on the below of workbench (4) and matches with turn-screw (3), and turn-screw (3) is connected with motor (1); The sheet conveying system is made up of paper tape stock roll (19), hot pressing roller (15) and recovery volume, paper tape stock roll (19) and recovery volume are separately positioned on the both sides of workbench (4), and the paper tape (17) on the paper tape stock roll (19) is by reclaiming the moving table top by workbench (4) of winding; The cutter diced system includes the cutter and the positioner of laser instrument or Electric Machine Control cut direction, and cutter arrangement (24) is finished cutting work under the driving of motor (9) and (11).It is characterized in that:

This forming machine also is provided with altitude measurement system (21), altitude measurement system (21) is by switch (30), switch contact (31), switch signal line (27), installing plate (28), hot pressing roller crossbeam (29) and measurement paper (32) are formed, be connected with hot pressing roller (15) in the lower right of hot pressing roller crossbeam (29) by spring and be provided with installing plate (28) on its left side, be provided with switch (30) in the lower left of installing plate (28), be provided with switch contact (31) in switch (30) lower left, switch contact (31) is positioned at the height of measuring paper (32) h1, and switch signal line (27) is drawn from switch (30);

Said sheet conveying system is made up of drive roller sets (16), dancing roll group (18), paper roll holder (20), more than device all is arranged on paper feed one side of workbench (4), wherein drive roller sets (16) be set to up and down two rollers to roll or parallel installation to rolling, dancing roll group (18) is installed on the support of bearing, and paper tape stock roll (19) is placed on the paper roll holder (20);

Said cutter diced system is made up of cutter controller (22) and cantilever arm (23), cutter arrangement (24), driving slide block (25) and fixed guide (26), cutter controller (22) is installed on the vertical plane that drives slide block (25), it is one vertical with it and the cutter cantilever arm (23) of cutter arrangement (24) is housed that the vertical plane of cutter controller (22) is provided with, drive slide block (25) and be slidingly connected with fixed guide (26), cutter controller (22) drives by driving slide block (25).

2, the folded fast forming machine of knife cutting type ply of paper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that cutter arrangement (24) is made up of magnet (33), tool rest (34), bearing (35), icking tool (36) and tool rest overcoat (37), magnet (33) is contained on the base of tool rest (34), tool rest (34) is threaded with tool rest overcoat (37), in the lower end of the lower end of tool rest overcoat (37) inwall and tool rest (34) bearing (35) is housed respectively, icking tool (36) is installed in bearing (35) and the tool rest (34).

3, the folded fast forming machine of knife cutting type ply of paper according to claim 2 is characterized in that the point of a knife of icking tool (36) stretches out the outer length a little more than the thick h value of paper of tool rest overcoat (37).

4, the folded fast forming machine of knife cutting type ply of paper according to claim 1 is characterized in that described dancing roll group (18) is made up of plural roller, and forms the placement of " it " word shape solid with drive roller sets (16) and paper tape stock roll (19) are common.

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