CN1519187A - Brake controller of elevator - Google Patents

Brake controller of elevator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1519187A
CN1519187A CNA031233171A CN03123317A CN1519187A CN 1519187 A CN1519187 A CN 1519187A CN A031233171 A CNA031233171 A CN A031233171A CN 03123317 A CN03123317 A CN 03123317A CN 1519187 A CN1519187 A CN 1519187A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
speed
brake
rope
car
braking force
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Granted
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CNA031233171A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1304263C (en
Inventor
船井�
船井潔
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication of CN1519187A publication Critical patent/CN1519187A/en
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Publication of CN1304263C publication Critical patent/CN1304263C/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/28Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
    • B66B1/32Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical effective on braking devices, e.g. acting on electrically controlled brakes

Abstract

Provided is a brake controller of an elevator capable of preventing the occurrence of rope slip between a sheave and a rope. This brake controller of the elevator is provided with a braking device 6 around which the rope connected with a car is stretched and which is driven by an electric motor, energizes braking force to the sheave for raising and lowering the car, and releases its braking force, a sheave speed detection part 7 detecting sheave speed, a car speed detection part 8 detecting car speed, and a braking force control unit 13 which controls the braking device to give all braking force when rope slip speed obtained as difference between the detected sheave speed and car speed is below a predetermined value when applying emergency brake and give braking force smaller than all braking force when the rope slip speed exceeds the predetermined value.

Description

The braking force control system of elevator
Technical field
The present invention relates to the braking force control system of the elevator of mode of traction, particularly the control of the braking force in the braking when emergency braking.
Background technology
Braking force control system as in the past this elevator, the emergency braking device that is promptly stopped by the magnet stopper that is installed on the winch in elevator is advanced is arranged, after promptly stopping or just having had a power failure, when car is walked at a high speed, weaken for the electromagnetic system power of braking, become low speed produces the magnet stopper of initial full application of brake power for control control circuit.(for example, with reference to patent documentation 1)
In addition, as other the braking force control system of this elevator in the past, gradual braking device takes advantage of speed in the emergency braking of car more than specified value or the occasion of the not enough specified value of deceleration/decel, and the braking initial stage provides full application of brake power, provides when reaching specified value than the braking force a little less than the full application of brake power.(for example, with reference to patent documentation 2)
These all can be because of anxious when deceleration is provided when promptly stopping sharply, drive the unusual increase of stopping distance that produces rope slip between wire rope block and rope, the energy disperser that is provided with in the bottom of elevating road has the danger of conflict at a high speed, so braking force is controlled, rope slip is not taken place as far as possible.
Patent documentation 1,
Open clear 59-190769 communique in fact
Patent documentation 2,
Te Kaiping 7-242377 communique
The Die Scheibenbremse of the brake equipment of elevator and the friction coefficient between brake shoe, because the situation of disc face (surface roughness, have rustless etc.), and temperature or humidity etc., have bigger variation.In addition, determine the friction coefficient of the rope slip of rope about the outward appearance of rope for wire rope block, also the sliding velocity of interdependent rope changes.In addition, according to rope use year number or the wear intensity of the groove of wire rope block also change.For this reason, the opportunity that the decision brake braking force changes is difficult, when missing an opportunity because of a delay, as fixed braking torque motionless, rope slip might take place.
The present invention is for solving the note problem that goes up, its purpose is for providing a kind of braking force control system that prevents the elevator that the rope slip between wire rope block and rope takes place, constantly measure as the car speed of rope speed with as the winder motor speed of wire rope block speed, judge by its difference to have or not rope slip, and according to its control brake moment of torsion as a result.
Summary of the invention
In view of the purpose of last note, brake controller of elevator of the present invention comprises
Brake equipment, described brake equipment disconnects braking force, and described braking force is fastened the rope that combines with car, is applied to the wire rope block that makes described car lifting by direct motor drive and with braking force,
Wire rope block speed test section detects wire rope block speed,
The car speed test section detects car speed, and
The brake-power control unit, control described brake equipment, so that when emergency braking, the rope slip speed as the wire rope block speed that detects and the difference of car speed obtained for the occasion below the specified value, full application of brake power is provided, rope slip speed above the occasion of specified value, provide than the braking force a little less than the full application of brake power.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents the concept map of the elevator of mode of traction.
The figure of the braking force when Fig. 2 represents to slide the relation of car speed when taking place and wire rope block speed and this.
Fig. 3 represents sliding velocity between brake wheel and brake lining and the graph of a relation between friction coefficient.
Fig. 4 represents the friction coefficient in the rope slip and the graph of a relation of rope slip speed in more detail.
Fig. 5 is illustrated in the present invention and illustrates from the effluxion rope speed of urgent glancing impact and the variation and the cooresponding braking thereof of wire rope block speed and rope slip speed and try hard to.
Fig. 6 represents that according to the present invention one example illustrates the pie graph of the braking force control system of elevator.
Fig. 7 is illustrated in an illustration of the formation of brake equipment of the present invention.
The functional block diagram of the example when Fig. 8 is illustrated in brake-power control of the present invention unit and constitutes with microcomputer.
The figure of the example when Fig. 9 is illustrated in brake-power control of the present invention unit and constitutes with analogous circuit.
Figure 10 is illustrated in other the figure of formation of brake-power control of the present invention unit.
Concrete example
Example 1
At first, the concept map of the elevator of the mode of traction of usefulness Fig. 1 illustrates its driving principle.The elevator of mode of traction by connecting cars 1 with rope 3 and for obtaining the bob-weight 2 with its balance, the well-bucket mode drives wire rope block 4, further is placed on the empty wagons 5 and constitutes.The basic form that does not produce the rope slip boundary is
T 1/ T 2=e μ θ(1) here, T 1=m cG: the quiet tension force of cage side
T 2=m wG: the quiet tension force of bob-weight side
m c: car quality (car deadweight+load carrying ability)
m w: the bob-weight quality
G: acceleration due to gravity
μ: the friction coefficient of the outward appearance between rope and wire rope block
θ: angle of contact
E: the end of Napier's logarithm
But the value of μ is generally expressed with following formula because by the shape of the rope groove of wire rope block bigger variation is arranged.
μ=kμ’ (2)
Here, k: by the coefficient of the shape of the rope groove of wire rope block
μ ': by the genuine friction coefficient of the material of rope and wire rope block decision
Secondly, tension force T 1, T 2, when the wire rope block velocity variations, consider force of inertia by acceleration/accel (deceleration/decel), can followingly represent.
T 1=m cg{1+(α/g)}
T 2=m wg{1-(α/g)} (3)
Here, α: car acceleration/accel (or deceleration/decel)
At the elevator of mode of traction, for rope slip does not take place, be designed to towability by the right decision of formula (1) and be no more than car deadweight or rope, bob-weight quality, set draw ratio T 2/ T 1Braking force when car (rope) speed when slide taking place and the relation of wire rope block speed and this as shown in Figure 2.At Fig. 2, (a), (b) represent cooresponding braking force with the relation of c car speed of representing and the wire rope block speed of representing with s.In addition, wire rope block speed s and car speed c represent (following same) in the rope 3 and the linear velocity of wire rope block 4 contact positions.
At Fig. 2, when making car fail full application of brake power, by the towability of formula (1) decision when not enough, rope slip (slips) generation that Fig. 2 (a) is such.In the drawings, can understand that the difference of car speed c and wire rope block speed s is a rope slip speed, it is maximum that rope slip speed (s is 0 o'clock) when wire rope block stops to reach.In addition, the area of the triangle (oblique line portion) that surrounds of car speed and wire rope block speed and time shaft is to be equivalent to because the stopping distance that the slip of car increases.Like this, rope one slides, the car stopping distance increase can not fixed stopping distance stop, the energy disperser that the elevating road bottom is provided with conflicts more than institute's constant speed degree, and the damage that relates to car or harm passenger's possible zinc are arranged.Thereby even the worst occasion is not for rope slip takes place, the towability of rope and the design of warp tension ratio are necessary.
But, improve towability and hinder the price reduction of winder motor or the minimizing of maintenance cost.In addition, the deceleration/decel that must set than descending when stopping for the dynamic tension that makes formula (3) expression reduces, its as a result stopping distance be necessary elongatedly, groove deepens etc., influences the saving space.Above-mentioned patent documentation 1,2 all for the problem that resembles note, proposes to not producing the solution that rope slip stops car in short range as far as possible.
Between slip between brake wheel and brake lining (slip) speed VB and the coefficientoffriction B with relation shown in Figure 3.Here, not to be limited to drg, but be general character about frictional behavior.In addition, between the braking torque and friction coefficient by the drg generation,
T BBP BD B(4) here, T B: the braking tension force of brake gear
μ B: the friction coefficient of brake wheel and brake lining storeroom
P B: the thrust of brake wheel
D B: the diameter of brake wheel
That is to say that the high more braking torque of friction coefficient is big more.
Thus, when elevator started emergency braking when walking at a high speed, the friction coefficient that becomes greatly therebetween for the sliding velocity that makes between brake wheel and the brake block diminished, and the braking torque is also little.For this reason, for the deceleration/decel α of the car that makes the formula of acting on (3) diminishes, warp tension ratio does not become greatly than it again, the difficult slip of rope.But car speed diminishes, and it is big that the friction coefficient between brake wheel and the brake block becomes, and the braking torque becomes big.The deceleration/decel α of car effect as a result becomes the big warp tension ratio that takes place and surpasses rope capacity, rope slip takes place slide.
For addressing this is that, in the past for example in the initial stage that produces emergency braking, speed in the emergency braking of car is more than specified value or during the not enough specified value of deceleration/decel, full application of brake power is provided, after the mid-term of emergency braking, the speed of car reaches the following or deceleration/decel of specified value and reaches specified value when above, and the braking force more weak than full application of brake power is provided, the braking force of control brake device is used note invention solution and is regarded problem as and say something.
Friction force in the rope slip is the more detailed Fig. 4 that is illustrated in of relation between friction coefficient and the rope slip speed just.Can understand that from Fig. 4 the friction coefficient between rope and wire rope block reaches maximum (peak value) in the low velocity field of sliding velocity, afterwards along with the sliding velocity increase also diminishes.By the braking force control system of the present invention, measure rope slip speed with the difference of wire rope block speed (electromotor velocity) according to calculating car speed (rope speed) at elevator.This sliding velocity according to from Fig. 4 roughly A point (point of the low speed side of the friction coefficient peak value between the rope wires rope tackle block) to B point (with the point of high-speed side), come control brake power, increase sliding velocity reduction friction coefficient and accomplish not take place rope slip.
Particularly, when rope slip speed is no more than the B point, provide full application of brake dynamic braking rope, reach the B point when above, from weakening braking force, the deceleration/decel of wire rope block diminishes, and friction coefficient descends and prevents that sliding velocity from further increasing.The demonstration of Fig. 5 pattern these, (a) variation of rope speed and wire rope block speed and rope slip speed from the time course of urgent glancing impact (the A point of A, the suitable Fig. 4 of B, B point), (b) show the cooresponding braking force of time course of (a).The corresponding braking force of mutual switching is full application of brake power and more weak braking force, prevents that rope slip speed from becoming big, and the result can stop car in short range.
Fig. 6 represents the pie graph of braking force control system of the elevator of an example of the present invention.Car 1, bob-weight 2, rope 3, drive wire rope block 4, deflector wheel 5 is identical with formation shown in Figure 1.Brake equipment 6 compresses brake block 6d at the brake wheel 6c of the braking force excitation 6a of portion connection wire rope block 4 and coaxial rotating braking force is provided, and discharges this thrust control brake power at the braking force release 6b of portion again and further discharges.Brake equipment 6 reality as shown in Figure 7, brake block 6d provides braking at the dynamic braking of braking force excitation portion brake spring drum 6c from contact both sides, opens the free end on top of the brake block 6d of both sides and discharges thrust control brake power and further discharge from driving the braking force release 6b of the portion outside again.The free end on the top of the brake block 6d of the both sides that the braking force release 6b of portion excitation coil drives opens and closes electromagnetic drive mechanism (together not shown especially), and the degree of release is controlled in the control of the electric current that flows through by excitation coil.
Wire rope block speed test section 7 wire rope blocks 4 made motor 7a that revolution drives it and show wire rope block speed generation wire rope block rate signal SVS that this motor is connected by encoder 7b (the actual mapping function that comprises the linear velocity of the position that contact with wire rope block from speed of gyration to rope) formation with coaxial the connection, and car speed test section 8 bases are that the connected demonstration car speed of the fast basic machine 8a of the modulation generation car speed signal CVS that moves back to that obtains the car 1 of the speed of car 1 and travel distance is made of governor encoder 8b (the actual mapping function that comprises the linear velocity of the position that contacts with wire rope block from speed of gyration to rope). Elevator control device 10 (main here just demonstration) about braking, switch common control signal N and emergency control signal E according to control command (usually/promptly) switch 12, carry out the control of the braking force release 6b of portion when 13 switchings of brake-power control unit are common, when urgent.
Action by brake-power control unit 13 during about emergency braking describes, and at Fig. 6, installs with coder 7b demonstration wire rope block speed at electrical motor 7a and to obtain wire rope block speed signal SVS.In addition, with the governor coder 8b of governor 8a, show that car speed and then rope speed obtain car speed signal CVS.Then take out two signals, obtain rope slip speed from the difference of these signals in brake-power control unit 13 at control setup 10.In addition, rope slip speed, also available additive method is obtained.And control when common and the motivational techniques of the braking force when urgent.
Take place to have a power failure or washout, when control command 11 was emergency control signal E, the electric current to excitation coil that at first stops the braking force release 6b of portion of brake equipment 6 fully started the braking force excitation 6a of portion and stops wire rope block 4 with full application of brake power.Then, according to the above-mentioned rope slip speed that obtains like that, rope slip speed continues with full application of brake power excitation braking force when institute's constant speed degree (for example B of Fig. 4 point) is following.The 6b of portion of braking force release does not just drive.But, the towability that provides than the right of formula (1), formula (3) more shows dynamic tension than becoming big, it is big that rope slip speed becomes, when sliding velocity surpassed the B point of the constant speed degree Fig. 4 of institute, brake-power control unit 13 drove the braking force release 6b of portion and weakens braking force (to the excitation coil supplying electric current of the braking force release 6b of portion).
Diminished by the deceleration/decel that weakens braking force formula (3), dynamic draw ratio diminishes, and recovers towability once more, and sliding velocity reduces.Then sliding velocity reaches the electric current full application of brake dynamic braking that the B point stops the excitation coil of the braking force release 6b of portion when following once more once more, and braking force switches to full application of brake power and more weak braking force alternately like this, and rope slip speed can be controlled near the B point of Fig. 4.Like this, because switch braking force according to rope slip speed, friction coefficient between brake wheel 6c and brake block 6b and, the friction coefficient of the outward appearance between the rope wires rope tackle block, even reasons such as temperature, humidity, apparent condition, wear intensity through the time variation, also unaffected, can prevent rope slip.
The functional block diagram of the example when brake-power control unit 13 is made of microcomputer is shown in Figure 8.Brake-power control unit 13, comprise rope slip speed calculation portion 131 Hes of obtaining rope slip speed from the difference of the wire rope block speed signal SVS that detects and car speed signal CVS, during emergency braking according to the brake-power control portion 133 of rope slip speed control brake equipment 6.
Example when brake-power control unit 13 is made of analogous circuit is by shown in Figure 9.When the upside of the excitation coil 51 of the braking force release 6b of portion is emergency braking, downside is the circuit of common glancing impact.Usually between power lead L3, the L4 of supply unit 70, node 52 and excitation coil 51 that electrical motor main control circuit delayed action and continuous action postpone are connected in parallel, closure and discharging when the stopping during walking of node 52 elevators.Excitation coil 51 and in parallel being connected with resistance 53 with discharge.On the other hand, between power lead L1, the L2 of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 54, connect and promptly stop excitation coil exciting bank 61, this promptly stops excitation coil exciting bank 61 speed detector 56, this speed detector 56 detects the cooresponding voltage of rope slip speed at speed detector 57, the absolute value one of this voltage arrives below the specified value, just, if rope slip speed reach the following excitation of fixed speed (for example the B of Fig. 4 order speed) postpone 58, on the other hand, if surpass fixed speed do not encourage and postpone 58 and constitute.
Again between power lead L1, L2, by the braking instruction action, in the time of usually be release position simultaneously, during promptly stopping in just walking when urgent or when power failure be closure state node 60 with, promptly stop to detect and postpone 59 and be connected in parallel.Further between power lead L1, L2, postpone 58 node 58b with, by coil current restraint device 55 Hes that constitute from the direct current resistance that is restricted to excitation coil 51 etc., above-mentioned excitation coil 51 Hes, the both sides of this excitation coil 51 are provided with promptly stops to detect and postpones 59 node 59a and be connected in parallel.
At common state, the node 60 of closure discharges when urgent, for postpone 59 not its node of excitation 59a also discharge, excitation coil 51 separates from uninterrupted power supply (UPS) 54.Now, consider to take place in the car high-speed cruising promptly to stop or the emergency braking when having a power failure, the electrical motor main control circuit discharges simultaneously, and these interlocks move nodes 52 and also discharge to the energising of excitation coil 51 and also cut off.At this moment rope slip speed since also do not surpass fixed speed postpone 58 excitation node 58a and discharge, also separate excitation coil 51 from power lead L1, the L2 of uninterrupted power supply (UPS) 54.The 6b of braking force release portion is for removing release force like this, and for adding full application of brake power at brake wheel 6c, wire rope block 4 rapidly slows down from the braking force release 6a of portion.Then rope slip speed surpass fixed speed, do not encourage to postpone 58 node 58b closures, promptly stop again or because power failure node 60 is closed excitation postpones 59 and close.Form power lead L2, node 58b, coil current restraint device 55, node 59a, the excitation coil 51 of uninterrupted power supply(ups)s 54, the circuit of node 59a, power lead L1 from these, flow through excitation coil 51 from the electric current of coil current restraint device 55 restrictions.From full application of brake power or more weak braking force are provided here.
Example 2
In addition, execute form in last document and just switch sliding velocity above still being no more than the B point, as shown in Figure 4, the sliding velocity A point of the both sides of the peak value just of the big scope of setting friction coefficient and 2 points that B is ordered, after applying full application of brake power at first, weaken braking force when surpassing B point, next weakens the braking force sliding velocity and descends and reach the A point above the B point and switch to full application of brake power when following once more and obtain and be controlled to be.Like this, sliding velocity is further tiny, can be controlled between A point and the B point.At this moment the brake-power control portion 133 at Fig. 8 is carried out in the judgement control of going up note, promptly stops excitation coil exciting bank 61 at Fig. 9.
Example 3
In addition, for example monitor the speed or the deceleration/decel of car from car speed signal CVS, the switching interval of control brake power, reach certain preferential control brake device according to above-mentioned rope slip speed while controlling the car deceleration/decel during emergency braking, the speed of car use fixed deceleration/decel can control deceleration.And the variation of the friction coefficient of irrelevant drg, rope can be adjusted general certain deceleration/decel.Like this, alleviate the slip of rope, can car be stopped effective and safe.At this moment the brake-power control unit of Fig. 8 that goes up note, 135 whiles of car deceleration/decel calculation portion of obtaining the car deceleration/decel from the car speed that detects further are set, during brake-power control portion 133 emergency brakings according to rope slip speed while controlling the control part that the car deceleration/decel is certain control brake device, Fig. 9 promptly stop excitation coil exciting bank 61 have on the same function of note.
Example 4
Formation has further high speed and encourages, do not encourage as shown in figure 10, brake equipment drg excitation coil 51 flows through electric current variable braking power magnet stopper, the brake-power control unit, the drg excitation coil carries out pwm circuit 1003 Hes of each above-mentioned brake-power control for the output signal modulation (PWM) of the current control device 1001 of the signal that flows through electric current and this current control device during emergency braking, and uninterrupted power supply(ups) 54 encourages drg excitation coil transistor (TR) driving circuit 005 as power supply from the output signal of pwm circuit.
Such as described above, because brake controller of elevator of the present invention comprises
Brake equipment, described brake equipment disconnects braking force, and described braking force is fastened the rope that combines with car, is applied to the wire rope block that makes described car lifting by direct motor drive and with braking force,
Wire rope block speed test section detects wire rope block speed,
The car speed test section detects car speed, and
The brake-power control unit, control described brake equipment, so that when emergency braking, the rope slip speed as the difference of wire rope block speed that detects and car speed obtained for the occasion below the specified value, full application of brake power is provided, rope slip speed surpass specified value occasion, provide than the braking force a little less than the full application of brake power
So by means of constantly measuring as the car speed of rope speed with as the winder motor speed of wire rope block speed, have or not rope slip by its difference judgement, and, can prevent the generation of the rope slip between wire rope block and rope according to its control brake moment of torsion as a result.

Claims (5)

1. a brake controller of elevator is characterized in that, comprises
Brake equipment, described brake equipment disconnects braking force, and described braking force is fastened the rope that combines with car, is applied to the wire rope block that makes described car lifting by direct motor drive and with braking force,
Wire rope block speed test section detects wire rope block speed,
The car speed test section detects car speed, and
The brake-power control unit, control described brake equipment, so that when emergency braking, the rope slip speed as the wire rope block speed that detects and the difference of car speed obtained for the occasion below the specified value, full application of brake power is provided, rope slip speed above the occasion of specified value, provide than the braking force a little less than the full application of brake power.
2. brake controller of elevator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that,
In the relation of the friction coefficient between described rope slip speed and rope wires rope tackle block, with the specified value of the low speed side of the peak value of the friction coefficient between the rope wires rope tackle block in the low velocity field of rope slip speed and high-speed side respectively as the 1st and the 2nd specified value, described brake-power control unit, rope slip speed surpass the 2nd specified value occasion, provide than the braking force a little less than the full application of brake power, rope slip speed drop to not enough described the 1st specified value occasion, switch to full application of brake power.
3. brake controller of elevator as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that,
Described brake-power control unit, comprise poor, the rope slip speed calculation portion that obtains rope slip speed from the speed of the wire rope block speed that detects and car, from the car speed that detects, obtain the car deceleration/decel calculation portion of car deceleration/decel, and control described brake equipment so that control according to rope slip speed during emergency braking and make described car deceleration/decel become certain brake-power control portion.
4. brake controller of elevator as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that,
Described brake equipment is made of the magnet stopper of the electric current variable braking power that flows through from the drg excitation coil, described brake-power control unit, flow through the current control device of the signal of the electric current that carries out described brake-power control when comprising emergency braking at described drg excitation coil, output signal to this current control device carries out the pwm circuit that PWM modulates, and the transistor driver circuit that encourages described drg excitation coil with uninterrupted power supply(ups) as power supply, according to the output signal of described pwm circuit.
5. brake controller of elevator as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that,
Described brake equipment is made of the magnet stopper of the electric current variable braking power that flows through from the drg excitation coil, described brake-power control unit, flow through the current control device of the signal of the electric current that carries out described brake-power control when comprising emergency braking at described drg excitation coil, output signal to this current control device carries out the pwm circuit that PWM modulates, and the transistor driver circuit that encourages described drg excitation coil with uninterrupted power supply(ups) as power supply, according to the output signal of described pwm circuit.
CN 03123317 2003-01-30 2003-04-22 Brake controller of elevator Expired - Fee Related CN1304263C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003021744 2003-01-30
JP2003021744A JP4267335B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2003-01-30 Elevator braking control device

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN1519187A true CN1519187A (en) 2004-08-11
CN1304263C CN1304263C (en) 2007-03-14

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