CN1514191A - Ammonia water absorption type power and refrigerating composite circulation method - Google Patents
Ammonia water absorption type power and refrigerating composite circulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1514191A CN1514191A CNA021601127A CN02160112A CN1514191A CN 1514191 A CN1514191 A CN 1514191A CN A021601127 A CNA021601127 A CN A021601127A CN 02160112 A CN02160112 A CN 02160112A CN 1514191 A CN1514191 A CN 1514191A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
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Abstract
In the present invention, by applying ammonia water mixture as media, superheater of heating equipment, reboiler of rectifying tower, turbine of work producing equipment, evaporator of cold generating equipment as well as heat exchanger, pump and valve are integrated together to form a specific process flow, by utilizing low and medium class heat as heat source, power circulating operation mode or power and refrigerating composite operation mode is applied according to different conditions and different requirements. The most of cooling load in circulation can apply air cooling mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power and refrigeration combined-circulation method, is working medium with the ammonia water mixture particularly, the absorption power of low-grade heat generating, refrigeration and refrigeration combined-circulation method in the utilization.
Background technology
Kalina has proposed to adopt the mixed working fluid turbine to produce the power cycle of merit in patent USP4346561, but circulation is not suitable for middle high temperature heat source, and the thermal efficiency is lower.In order to improve circulation, Kalina proposed now usually said Kalina circulation (USP4489563) in 1984.Kalina has successively proposed the ammonia water absorbing power cycle of multistage turbine and multi-stage separation again in a series of patents, as patent USP4548043, USP4586340, USP4604867, USP4732005, USP4763480, USP4899545, USP4982568, USP5029444, USP5095708.The Kalina circulation is compared with traditional Rankine circulation has the higher thermal efficiency and Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics, but flow process is more complicated than the Rankine circulation, especially multistage Kalina circulation.
Mostly the power of hitherto reported and refrigeration combined cycle system are to utilize process waste heat to drive external refrigerating plant, cool off the suction port of compressor air of power cycle with the cold that produces, with the thermal efficiency of raising power cycle.As patent USP5555738, USP6173563 and USP6457315.
Nineteen ninety-five, Goswami proposed one with Rankine circulation and single-stage ammoniacal liquor absorption refrigeration circulation in conjunction with rising, the power that produces merit and heat simultaneously and the combined-circulation that freezes (Energy, 2000,25[3]: 233-246).This recycling solar thermal collection system heat supply.Ammonia water mixture almost is to enter superheater after pure ammonia steam leaves the cat head fractional distilling tube by heating in the rectifying column, is heated into overheated ammonia steam.The temperature of ammonia steam reaches-18 ℃ after the turbine work done, and the heat of absorbing environmental in a heat exchanger utilizes working medium sensible heat refrigeration.This circularly cooling ability is very weak, produces the ratio of merit amount and refrigeratory capacity and can not regulate.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: with in low-grade heat be thermal source, regulate the ratio of producing merit amount and refrigerating capacity according to different demands, can satisfy the occasion of independent product merit, also can be used for producing simultaneously merit and refrigeration occasion, thereby provide a kind of flowage structure to simplify, absorption power and refrigeration combined-circulation method that energy utilization efficiency is high
Main technical schemes:
The present invention is formed the thermodynamic cycle technological process and is realized by reboiler, product merit equipment turbine, product cool equipment evaporimeter and heat exchanger, pump, the valve of firing equipment superheater and rectifying column.Under middle low-grade heat source heating, concentration is 0.3～0.5 (is benchmark with ammonia), and pressure is that the ammonia water mixture working medium logistics of 1bar～2bar boosts to 45bar～55bar through pump, after regenerator and the living temperature of tower still heat exchanger, enters rectifying column; In rectifying column, working medium is separated into rare working medium solution of the working substance steam of 100 ℃～150 ℃ of temperature, concentration 0.7～1.0 and 200 ℃～250 ℃ of temperature, concentration 0.1～0.3; Working substance steam is heated as the overheated working substance steam of 350 ℃～450 ℃ of temperature in superheater, through turbine acting back reduction pressure; Exhaust steam and the heat exchange in regenerator of rectifying column inlet stream; The turbine outlet pressure is regulated by two kinds of methods of operation: along with reducing of turbine outlet pressure, the merit and the cold ratio of system output will increase.Power is adjusted to 10bar～20bar with the turbine outlet pressure of the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation, the regenerator outlet exhaust steam kind of refrigeration cycle branch road refrigeration of flowing through, and the ammonia steam after the refrigeration is absorbed by the working medium solution of low concentration, returns rectifying column; The turbine outlet pressure of the power cycle method of operation is adjusted to 1bar～2bar, and the working medium solution of low concentration absorbs regenerator outlet exhaust steam, returns rectifying column.
Flow through kind of refrigeration cycle branch road refrigeration of above-mentioned outlet exhaust steam is that the working medium exhaust steam is become liquid state through condenser condenses, and in subcooler with the working substance steam heat exchange that comes flash-pot, to reduce temperature, be reduced to the pressure of 1bar～2bar then through choke valve.The evaporimeter of operating under this pressure, working medium absorbs the refrigerant heat of vaporization, exports-20 ℃ of colds to the air-conditioner temperature level.The working substance steam of leaving the kind of refrigeration cycle branch road is absorbed by the working medium solution of low concentration in absorber, returns rectifying column.
Above-mentioned during with the power cycle method of operation, the concentration that rectifying column is isolated working medium is 0.7～0.8 (is benchmark with ammonia); During with the power and the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation, the concentration that rectifying column is separated working medium is 0.9～1.0 (is benchmark with ammonia).
Above-mentioned with power during with the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation, the pressure of turbine outlet is 12～17bar.
Low-grade driving heat source is respectively from superheater and rectifying column input, 200 ℃～300 ℃ of the input heat source temperatures of rectifying column, 400 ℃～600 ℃ of the input heat source temperatures of superheater in the above-mentioned circulation.
The cooling load of the rectifying column overhead condenser of the present invention's circulation and most of cooling load of absorber can adopt air cooling way to implement.
The effect of invention:
(1) with in low-grade heat be thermal source, this thermal source can be industry or civilian waste heat, also can adopt various regenerative resources.
(2) can regulate the ratio of producing merit amount and refrigerating capacity according to different demands neatly, can be used for producing separately the occasion of merit or be used for producing simultaneously merit and the refrigeration occasion.
(3) Xun Huan flowage structure is simple.The energy utilization efficiency height of circulation, thermodynamics sophistication height.With the Kalina of independent product merit circulation with produce the scheme that cold single-stage kind of refrigeration cycle combines separately and compare, power of the present invention is high more than 35% with the integrated heat efficiency of the combined-circulation method of operation of freezing, and Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics is high more than 10%.Compare with the Kalina circulation of independent product merit, the integrated heat efficiency of the power cycle method of operation of the present invention is high more than 5%, and Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics is high more than 30%.
(4) Xun Huan the cooling load more than 55% can adopt air-cooled.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the power cycle method of operation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the power of the present invention and the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation.
The specific embodiment:
Producing the occasion of merit separately with system respectively below and producing merit simultaneously is example with the refrigeration occasion, to the detailed description of the invention.
The power cycle method of operation of the present invention:
Describe with reference to the flow process of Fig. 1, concentration is flowed through for the working medium material flow A 1 of (quality %) 0.3～0.5 behind the pump 5, and pressure is brought up to 45bar～55bar, become high-pressure working medium material flow A 2, absorb turbine 3 exhaust steam A8 liberated heats in regenerator 4, temperature raises, and becomes tower still heat exchanger inlet stream A3.Material flow A 3 absorption tower stills enter rectifying column 1 after exporting rare working medium solution A 6 liberated heats.It is that 100 ℃～200 ℃, concentration (quality %) are rare working medium solution A 6 that 0.7～0.8 working substance steam A5 and temperature are 200 ℃～250 ℃ that rectifying column is separated into temperature with the working medium logistics.Material flow A 5 becomes temperature after superheater 2 heating be 350 ℃～400 ℃ overheated working substance steam A7, material flow A 7 expands in turbine 3 heat energy is transformed into the function that kinetic energy is finished the product merit, self become middle temperature, low pressure, high concentration exhaust steam A8, the turbine outlet pressure is 1bar～2bar.Material flow A 8 and material flow A 2 heat exchange become the waste vapour A9 of low temperature, low pressure, high concentration in regenerator 4.The material flow A 6 of coming out from the tower still heats tower still heat exchanger advances tower material flow A 10, and temperature reduces, and behind choke valve 8, pressure descends again, absorbs waste vapour A9 in absorber 7, becomes working medium material flow A 1, finishes absorption power cycle.
Now power cycle proposed by the invention is compared with single-stage Kalina circulation, single-stage Kalina circulation has two absorbers, and power cycle of the present invention has only an absorber; This power cycle of Kalina recycle ratio is many distributor that is to say that power cycle of the present invention Duo the process of a separation, mixing than the Kalina circulation, so flow process has been simplified greatly.
Comparison is analyzed in the power cycle method of operation and the single-stage Kalina circulation of the present invention's circulation, can be obtained the energy shown in the table 1 and utilize situation, and the result of the thermal efficiency and Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics.
The comparison of the table 1 power cycle method of operation of the present invention and Kalina circulation
Energy utilizes circulate power of the present invention of situation single-stage Kalina to improve rate of change
Circular flow mode/%
High potential temperature (450 ℃) thermal source
Input heat/kW 866.864 153.853 82.3
Middle potential temperature (250 ℃) thermal source 1
Input heat/kW-657.054-
Pump merit/the kW 7.125 20.497 187.7 of input
Produce merit amount/kW 174.794 174.77 0.
Integrated heat efficiency/% 20.0 21.0 5.10
Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics/% 35.9 48.5 35.1
Stipulating identical heat source temperature and sink temperature, and all systems have all been carried out under the condition of parameter optimization that as can be seen from Table 1, the integrated heat efficiency of the power cycle method of operation of the present invention is high by 5.10%, Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics is high by 35.1%.
In the embodiment of this power cycle method of operation that the present invention circulates, the cooling total load is 655.09kW, and wherein air-cooled load is 376.62kW, accounts for 57.49%.
The power of the present invention and the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation:
Describe with reference to the flow process of Fig. 2, concentration is flowed through for the working medium material flow A 1 of (quality %) 0.3～0.5 behind the pump 5, and pressure is brought up to 45bar～55bar, become high-pressure working medium material flow A 2, absorb turbine 3 exhaust steam A8 liberated heats in regenerator 4, temperature raises, and becomes tower still heat exchanger inlet stream A3.Material flow A 3 absorption tower stills enter rectifying column 1 after exporting rare working medium solution A 6 liberated heats.It is that 100 ℃～200 ℃, concentration (quality %) are rare working medium solution A 6 that 0.7～0.8 working substance steam A5 and temperature are 200 ℃～250 ℃ that rectifying column is separated into temperature with the working medium logistics.Material flow A 5 becomes temperature after superheater 2 heating be 350 ℃～400 ℃ overheated working substance steam A7, material flow A 7 expands in turbine heat energy is transformed into the function that kinetic energy is finished the product merit, self become middle temperature, low pressure, high concentration exhaust steam A8, the turbine outlet pressure is 10bar～20bar.Material flow A 8 enters the kind of refrigeration cycle branch road then with material flow A 2 heat exchange in regenerator 4.Working substance steam A13 enters subcooler 10 after condenser 9 condensations, further cooled off by material flow A 17.Through behind the choke valve 11, the pressure of high concentration working medium solution A 15 drops to 1bar～2bar.Cryogenic fluid solution A 16 absorbs chilled water in evaporimeter 12 heat of vaporization becomes working substance steam A9, realizes refrigerating function.The working medium material flow A 6 of coming out from the tower still heats regenerator advances tower material flow A 10, and temperature reduces, and behind choke valve 8, pressure descends again, absorbs waste vapour A9 in absorber, becomes the working medium logistics, finishes absorption power cycle.
The power of the present invention circulation and the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation and single-stage Kalina circulated combine the reference operating scheme that is used separately as product merit and refrigeration with the single-stage kind of refrigeration cycle and analyze comparison, can obtain the energy shown in the table 2 and utilize situation, and the result of the thermal efficiency and Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics.
The table 2 combined-circulation method of operation of the present invention and the comparison of producing merit and refrigerating operaton scheme separately
Single-stage Kalina circulation improves rate of change in conjunction with power of the present invention and refrigeration
Energy utilizes situation
The single-stage kind of refrigeration cycle combined-circulation method of operation/%
High potential temperature (450 ℃) thermal source
Input heat/kW 866.864 394.012-54.5
Middle potential temperature (250 ℃) thermal source 1
Input heat/kW-1257.998-
Middle potential temperature (150 ℃) thermal source 2 1479.023--
Input heat/kW
Pump merit/the kW 14.659 38.498 162.6 of input
Produce merit amount/kW 174.794 174.721 0.
Refrigerating capacity/kW 712.676 712.627 0.
Integrated heat efficiency/% 37.6 52.5 39.6
Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics/% 33.4 37.9 13.3
Stipulating identical heat source temperature and sink temperature, and all systems have all been carried out under the condition of parameter optimization that as can be seen from Table 2, the integrated heat efficiency of the combined-circulation method of operation of the present invention is high by 39.6%, Second Law Efficiency of Thermodynamics is high by 13.3%.
In the embodiment of this power of the present invention's circulation and the combined-circulation method of operation of freezing, the cooling total load is 2249.89kW, and wherein air-cooled load is 1333.95kW, accounts for 59.28%.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of ammonia water absorbing power and refrigeration combined-circulation method, with the ammonia water mixture is working medium, by by the reboiler of firing equipment superheater and rectifying column, produce merit equipment turbine, produce cool equipment evaporimeter and heat exchanger, the thermodynamic cycle technological process of pump, valve combination realizes, it is characterized in that, under middle low-grade heat source heating, the logistics of ammonia water mixture working medium boosts to 45bar～55bar through pump, after regenerator and the living temperature of tower still heat exchanger, enters rectifying column; In rectifying column, working medium is separated into rare working medium solution of the working substance steam of 100 ℃～150 ℃ of temperature, concentration 0.7～1.0 and 200 ℃～250 ℃ of temperature, concentration 0.1～0.3; Working substance steam is heated as the overheated working substance steam of 350 ℃～450 ℃ of temperature in superheater, through turbine acting back reduction pressure; Exhaust steam and the heat exchange in regenerator of rectifying column inlet stream; The turbine outlet pressure is regulated by two kinds of methods of operation: power is adjusted to 10bar～20bar with the turbine outlet pressure of the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation, the regenerator outlet exhaust steam kind of refrigeration cycle branch road refrigeration of flowing through, ammonia steam after the refrigeration is absorbed by the working medium solution of low concentration, returns rectifying column; The turbine outlet pressure of the power cycle method of operation is adjusted to 1bar～2bar, and the working medium solution of low concentration absorbs regenerator outlet exhaust steam, returns rectifying column.
2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: flow through kind of refrigeration cycle branch road refrigeration of outlet exhaust steam, be that the working medium exhaust steam is become liquid state through condenser condenses, and in subcooler with the working substance steam heat exchange that comes flash-pot, to reduce temperature, be reduced to the pressure of 1bar～2bar then through choke valve.The evaporimeter of operating under this pressure, working medium absorbs the refrigerant heat of vaporization, exports-20 ℃ of colds to the air-conditioner temperature level.The working substance steam of leaving the kind of refrigeration cycle branch road is absorbed by the working medium solution of low concentration in absorber, returns rectifying column.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during with the power cycle method of operation, the concentration that rectifying column is isolated working medium is 0.7～0.8 (is benchmark with ammonia); During with the power and the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation, the concentration that rectifying column is separated working medium is 0.9～1.0 (is benchmark with ammonia).
4, the described method of claim 1 is characterized in that: during with the power and the refrigeration combined-circulation method of operation, the pressure of turbine outlet is 12～17bar.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: low-grade driving heat source is respectively from superheater and rectifying column input, 200 ℃～300 ℃ of the input heat source temperatures of rectifying column, 400 ℃～600 ℃ of the input heat source temperatures of superheater in the circulation.
6, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: most of cooling load of the cooling load of the rectifying column overhead condenser of circulation and absorber adopts air cooling way to implement.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the ammonia water mixture working medium concentration that enters circulation is 0.3～0.5 (is benchmark with ammonia), and pressure is 1bar～2bar.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100389251C (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-05-21 | 北京化工大学 | Gas power circulation system and circulation method |
| CN100390476C (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2008-05-28 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Work-cold joint supplied cross still state straight and reverse coupling heating power circulation system and method |
| CN101319828B (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-06-09 | 西安交通大学 | Absorption type refrigeration and power combined circulating system |
| CN101049546B (en) * | 2006-04-05 | 2010-07-28 | 中国石油化学工业开发股份有限公司 | Equipment for steam stripping inorganic treating liquid, and method for removing organic pollutant |
| CN101520254B (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2011-07-20 | 上海交通大学 | Adsorption type low temperature heat resource power generation and refrigeration device |
| WO2012065296A1 (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-24 | 思安新能源股份有限公司 | Absorption cooling and power co-supply circulation system and absorption cooling and power co-supply method |
| CN102721230A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-10 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Thermodynamic cycle system and method for ammonia water mixed working medium power cooling combined supply |
| CN103075835A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-01 | 上海交通大学 | Novel absorption type refrigeration and power-generation combining device |
| CN103161528A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-06-19 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Work and coldness co-production system and method of recovering working medium effective ingredient refrigeration |
| CN107906781A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-13 | 山东大学 | Three pressure type power and refrigeration cogeneration system and methods |
-
2002
- 2002-12-31 CN CNB021601127A patent/CN1219181C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100389251C (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-05-21 | 北京化工大学 | Gas power circulation system and circulation method |
| CN100390476C (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2008-05-28 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Work-cold joint supplied cross still state straight and reverse coupling heating power circulation system and method |
| CN101049546B (en) * | 2006-04-05 | 2010-07-28 | 中国石油化学工业开发股份有限公司 | Equipment for steam stripping inorganic treating liquid, and method for removing organic pollutant |
| CN101319828B (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-06-09 | 西安交通大学 | Absorption type refrigeration and power combined circulating system |
| CN101520254B (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2011-07-20 | 上海交通大学 | Adsorption type low temperature heat resource power generation and refrigeration device |
| WO2012065296A1 (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-24 | 思安新能源股份有限公司 | Absorption cooling and power co-supply circulation system and absorption cooling and power co-supply method |
| CN102721230A (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-10 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Thermodynamic cycle system and method for ammonia water mixed working medium power cooling combined supply |
| CN103075835A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-01 | 上海交通大学 | Novel absorption type refrigeration and power-generation combining device |
| CN103075835B (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2015-07-01 | 上海交通大学 | Novel absorption type refrigeration and power-generation combining device |
| CN103161528A (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2013-06-19 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Work and coldness co-production system and method of recovering working medium effective ingredient refrigeration |
| CN107906781A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-04-13 | 山东大学 | Three pressure type power and refrigeration cogeneration system and methods |
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