CN1513125A - Optical cable provided with mechanically resistant covering - Google Patents
Optical cable provided with mechanically resistant covering Download PDFInfo
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- CN1513125A CN1513125A CNA028112687A CN02811268A CN1513125A CN 1513125 A CN1513125 A CN 1513125A CN A028112687 A CNA028112687 A CN A028112687A CN 02811268 A CN02811268 A CN 02811268A CN 1513125 A CN1513125 A CN 1513125A
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- optical cable
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
Abstract
The present invention relates to an optical cable comprising at least one element for the transmission of optical signals, and a structure that is able to protect said at least one element. Said structure is a multilayer structure and is arranged in a position radially external to said at least one element and comprises: a) at least one first covering layer of polymeric material in a position radially external to said at least one element; b) at least one covering layer of foamed polymeric material in a position radially external to said at least one first covering layer, and c) at least one second covering layer of polymeric material in a position radially external to said at least one covering layer of foamed polymeric material. The foamed polymeric material has a density between 0.3 and 0.7 kg/dm<3> and tensile modulus at 20 DEG C between 300 and 700 MPa. The present invention further relates to a multilayer structure of the type as above and a method for the protection of at least one element for the transmission of optical signals.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of optical cable that is used for telecommunications and/or is used for data transmission, described optical cable is particularly useful for the installation of floor type.
Especially; the present invention relates to a kind of optical cable; described optical cable comprises that element that at least one is used for transmitting optical signal and one are arranged on directly the make progress multilayer protection structure of outside position of described at least one element; described protection structure make described optical cable mainly be for transverse stress as; for example, impact and/or compression have high mechanical properties.
In this manual, reach in claims of back, term " element that the is used for transmitting optical signal " meaning is meant any transfer element that comprises at least one optical fiber.Therefore this term identification simple optical fiber and multifiber the two, described multifiber can combine so that form a branch of optical fiber, or is arranged parallel to each other and covers identical coverture so that form a fibre ribbon (ribbon).
And this term also plans to comprise than simple optical fiber or the more complicated structure of multifiber.Therefore described term comprises and is arranged on for example one or more optical fiber of a tube element, a crust, a miniature crust or a flute profile in-core of a hermetically-sealed construction.Preferably, described tube element, crust or miniature crust are with a kind of polymeric material manufacturing.And described tube element, crust or miniature crust can be installed in the groove that described flute profile core had.
According to existing term, wherein one or more common terms " light core " of using that one or more optical fiber are closed in described hermetically-sealed construction are wherein represented.For example, a light core can twist together formation around the element that a center strengthens by the tube element with a plurality of polymeric material systems.Can be randomly, described smooth core can comprise various fabrics and/or band in addition, for example water swellable fabrics and/or band, they can be used for forming described twisted wire.
In this manual, reach in claims of back, term " optical cable " meaning is meant a kind of optical fiber cable, that is has the optical cable that at least one is used for the element of transmitting optical signal.
Especially relate to the application of floor type, in the step process of laying step and/or transportation optical cable, optical cable may be subjected to unexpected impact and/or compression, for example since the material that the excavation of bulk is come out or in the optical cable installation process used instrument drop on the optical cable in the ditch that is arranged on laying optical cable.
It fiercely and basically is instantaneous percussive action that this thing that drops unexpectedly can not only cause optical cable, and at material that the excavation of subsiding is come out and/or unexpectedly rest or drop on before the lip-deep excavating equipment of optical cable removes, also produce a constant compression and keep a long period, therefore apply a kind of lasting compression.
Therefore, in order to keep its structural intergrity, optical cable generally all is provided with at least one guard cover, and described guard cover can make described optical cable have suitable physical strength.
In fact it must be emphasized that; when not having suitable safeguard measure; impact and/or compress any mechanical effect of (rolling); even on the core that acts on optical cable of medium magnitude; also can directly be sent on each optical fiber that is installed in described in-core portion, at first cause attenuated optical signal by described Optical Fiber Transmission to increase and then; if this phenomenon continues to exist, then cause described fibercuts.
In fact, even each optical fiber itself or be arranged on a hermetically-sealed construction inside as mentioned above all has limited physical strength, and especially to from the mechanical effect of external action on them, even low intensive mechanical effect is also very sensitive.
The minimum distortion of described optical fiber and optical fiber seal structure especially under strained structure and situation that each optical fiber contacts, causes optical fiber distortion itself, simultaneously their transport property variation subsequently.Cause little metaboly of the optical fiber structure of the signal attenuation transmitted by optical fiber to use term " microbend " expression usually.
In order to make an optical cable have the predetermined suitable opposing external force of using; as the physical strength of impacting and/or compressing; known to adopt various in this technology generally be the armouring of metal, and described armouring is installed in the light core diameter and makes progress and be used to protect the light core in the outside position.
Generally, described armouring is by using a kind of bonding jumper, and preferably the corrugated bonding jumper provides, and described armouring is in the vertical around optical cable or by stranded coiled one helical configuration of a plurality of tinsels is formed.In this respect, see for example document US-4,491,386.
Preparing a kind of optical cable with a cushion course also is known in the prior art, and described cushion course is used for protecting the optical fiber of described optical cable with for example a kind of plastic foam material manufacturing of a kind of enough soft material.
Described cushion course can combine with the various composed components of optical cable.For example, it can be arranged on the light in-core, so that surround the single tube element that each is equipped with optical fiber, perhaps forms tube element itself, and perhaps it can externally be installed on the light core, in for example direct position below optical cable outer polymer crust.
For example, document GB-1,451,232 imaginations stand vertically go up tension if optical cable stands stress as making one or more optical fiber with the compressible material of one deck, and then described compressible material has reduced the distortion of each optical fiber.When having this stress state, one or more optical fiber can move laterally to optical cable.Yet,, partly infiltrate wherein, so the distortion of optical fiber significantly reduces because described optical fiber contacts with described compressible cushion course and it is pressed inwards.
At document DE-3, introduced another example of a kind of cushion course in 107,024, described cushion course has an elastic modulus and preferably is lower than 100MPa with for example plastic foam material manufacturing of soft material, described plastic foam material.This one deck is used for protecting optical fiber to avoid side direction and acts on transverse force influence on the optical cable.
Comprise and adopt other types embodiment of type cushion course as mentioned above,, done introduction in 159,291 and GB-2,184,863 for example at document GB-2.
The mechanical property that purpose is to increase optical cable especially the another kind of technical scheme of impact strength and compression strenght in document US-4,770, the existing introduction in 489.
Described document relates to a kind of optical cable, described optical cable is owing to existing at least one rigidity tension member to have the tensile strength of improvement and the operating temperature range of broad, described rigidity strength member is with fibre-reinforced plastic material manufacturing, have a high Young (Young ' s) modulus and low thermal expansivity, it can or get a kind of coverture form, or the form of getting one or more screw threads, forming described element, described element extends on the optical cable in the vertical and comprises within the optical cable.
Described document is pointed out, for optical cable is had for the purpose of high impact and the compression strenght, and in order under the situation that does not reduce the transmittability of optical cable own, to allow the high tension force of installing, optical cable should be equipped the crust of at least one an aforesaid rigidity tension member and a reinforced plastic material system, for example use the external jacket of fibre-reinforced plastic material, described fiber such as glass fibre, KeVlar
, be embedded in the graphite fiber in the epoxy resin-base.
According to some embodiment that has introduced, document US-4,770,489 imagine in addition, and optical cable can be equipped a kind of cushion course, and described cushion course can increase the bending of described optical cable and the characteristic of curvature.Preferably described cushion course is with a kind of fibrous material such as KeVlar
Or a kind of polypropylene yarn manufacturing.If desired, described layer can be with for example tygon manufacturing of a kind of expanding material.
Document WO 00/05730 with same applicant's name, relates to a kind of hybrid light/cable, and described hybrid light/cable is suitable for along telecommunications and especially medium-voltage distribution overhead transmission line installation of distribution.
Described light/cable comprises the threephase cable of a tape insulation formula conductor, and the threephase cable of described tape insulation formula conductor is tied up rope around one and twined, and the described rope of tying up comprises a light core that is enclosed in the tubular structure, the anti-horizontal compression of described tubular structure.
Generally, described tubular structure comprises a metal sheath (this metal sheath also can be corrosion-resistant, for example aluminium or stainless steel) or comprises the polymeric material of high-modulus (for example polypropylene, modified polypropene, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyetherimides, polyether sulfone).
And, described tubular structure can also comprise a kind of with the foamed polymer material of same applicant's name in type described in the patented claim WO98/52197, described types of foams polymeric material can dissipate from the resulting energy of horizontal compression power, described horizontal compression power can produce in production, installation and/or the operating process of optical cable, and as mentioned above, described horizontal compression power may be damaged optical fiber, the light signal of emission decay subsequently.
Described force of compression may or be caused by the phase conductor of insulation, or cause by the optical cable supporting structure, the phase conductor of described insulation is tied up rope and is therefore compressed the optical fiber that is installed on wherein in the high tension forces lower compression, and described optical cable supporting structure tends to reduce its diameter when laying under tensioning, and therefore reduces the inner space of laying described optical fiber.
According to a specific embodiment of being introduced in the described document WO 98/52197, described hybrid light/cable comprises a light core that is provided with a reinforcement, arrange a plurality of tube elements around described reinforcement, being used for packing into is embedded in the optical fiber of buffering filler.
According to described embodiment, each tube element remains on the appropriate location around described reinforcement, if necessary, with one or more bands described each tube element is twisted together according to a preferred spiral structure, described band can also be finished machinery and/or hot merit energy except finishing the described smooth core of binding.
In view of technical scheme known in the prior art, the applicant awares, a kind of optical cable must be provided, especially the optical cable that is suitable for built on stilts type application, described optical cable has high-mechanical property aspect impact strength and the compression strenght, and simultaneously, described optical cable can guarantee the high-performance aspect light and dirigibility.
In fact the applicant finds, and the technical scheme of prior art has some shortcomings.
For example, the optical cable of having equipped a kind of metal armouring has sizable increase on weight, and increasing greatly of weight not only influences the installation steps of described optical cable, but also influences the transportation step of optical cable, causes inevitable expense to increase simultaneously.
And the optical cable that is provided with described armouring has high bending stiffness, and described high bending stiffness combines with described weight increase, has limited cable length to be installed greatly, and is especially all the more so under the situation that underground existing pipe interior is installed.
At last, some very big shortcomings being arranged is in the structure of optical cable metal armouring to be set.For example, under embed-type light/cable situation, the existence of hardware need be with described light/cable grounding owing to the reason of safety and protection thereof, utilize the protection rope be adapted to pass through a kind of sacrifice element be used for keeping cable.Therefore, the two is all very complicated to this means the production method of optical cable and installation method, and the result goes up burden with the time economically and increases the weight of.
In document US-4,770, the technical scheme of being introduced in 489 is especially complicated, because the location of its imagination rigidity tension member that some is to be arranged is arranged on the inside configuration of optical cable.
In addition, the sort of technical scheme causes the weight of described optical cable and bending stiffness to increase greatly.
According to technical scheme known in this technology; the optical fiber that imagination protects optical cable to have with a cushion course; the applicant finds; because the flexibility of material therefor; so impact and/or compression when high-magnitude; by being placed on the excavation chip that lays the furrow rim place drop caused impact and compression, when unexpectedly colliding on the optical cable that is arranged in place, described ditch bottom, described layer can not guarantee enough protections as for example.
The applicant can optimize an impact strength that is used for the element of transmitting optical signal from described document WO 98/52197 described specific embodiment, and described element is arranged on a foamed polymer material overlayer and directly makes progress in the inside position.
Especially; the applicant feels; in order to obtain a kind of impact resistance and force of compression; and the purpose that flexible optical cable is advantageously gently arranged; in the light core diameter of described optical cable makes progress an outside position; a kind of protection structure must be provided, and described protection structure comprises that at least one is inserted in the foamed polymer material overlayer between at least one pair of polymeric material overlayer.
In more detail; the applicant finds; the foamed polymer material overlayer proof of described protection structure is effective especially; therefore when described foamed polymer material layer is supported by the structural detail of enough rigidity that described optical cable had, finish the energy that absorption produces because of accidental impact effectively and/or bear the function that acts on the force of compression of stipulating on the optical cable.
In other words; the applicant finds; described foamed polymer material layer is when in described layer footpath makes progress inside position; and under the condition that is in contact with one another with described layer; when protective coating provides enough rigidity and can the mechanical type supporting described material layer through overexpansion, finish described function and reach its optimum capacity.
Therefore, according to first aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of optical cable, described optical cable comprises:
At least one is used for the element of transmitting optical signal, and
A kind of structure that is used to protect described at least one element, described structure are arranged in the directly upwards outside position of described at least one element.
It is characterized in that: described structure is a kind of sandwich construction, and described sandwich construction comprises:
At least one first covering layer of polymeric material, described first covering layer of polymeric material is in a directly upwards outside position of described at least one element;
At least one foamed polymer material overlayer, described foamed polymer material overlayer reaches in a directly upwards outside position of described at least one first overlayer
At least one second covering layer of polymeric material, described second polymeric material cover in the directly upwards outside position of described at least one foamed polymer material overlayer,
It is 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm that described foamed polymer material has a density
3Between, and the tensile modulus under 20 ℃ be 300 and 700MPa between.
Preferably, therefore the foamed polymer material overlayer is to be under the condition that is in contact with one another with described at least one first overlayer, finishes its and absorbs by energy that percussive action produced and/or acted on function the best of the compression that is produced on the described optical cable by external force.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a kind of optical cable, described optical cable comprises:
A light core, described smooth core is provided with at least one optical fiber;
At least one first covering layer of polymeric material, described first covering layer of polymeric material is in a upwards outside position of described smooth core diameter;
At least one foamed polymer material overlayer, described foamed polymer material overlayer covers in the upwards outside position of footpath at described at least one first polymkeric substance, and
At least one second covering layer of polymeric material, described second covering layer of polymeric material in a directly upwards outside position of described at least one foamed polymer material overlayer,
It is 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm that described foamed polymer material has a density
3Between, and have under 20 ℃ a tensile modulus be 300 and 700MPa between.
According to described embodiment, preferably, the foamed polymer material layer is in the state that is in contact with one another with described at least one first overlayer.
Preferably, the foamed polymer material overlayer is in the state that is in contact with one another with described at least one second overlayer.
Preferably, according to optical cable of the present invention, in a upwards outside position of the light core diameter that described optical cable had, has at least one enhancement layer, described enhancement layer for example belongs to the aryl amide type, is tension stress, and enhancement layer can make optical cable have suitable tensile strength.
In addition; the applicant finds; by a kind of multilayer protection structure is provided; can reach high impact strength and/or compression strenght; described multilayer protection structure comprises at least one intermediate cover layer; described intermediate cover layer is inserted between at least one pair of extra overlayer, and described a pair of extra overlayer is respectively the directly upwards inner one deck in described middle layer and the upwards outside one deck in footpath, and described middle layer has a tensile modulus and is lower than the tensile modulus that described a pair of additional layer has.
Therefore; in second aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of multilayer protection structure, at least one is used for the element of transmitting optical signal described multilayer protection structural defence; described sandwich construction is arranged in the directly upwards outside position of described at least one element, and described sandwich construction comprises:
At least one first covering layer of polymeric material, described first covering layer of polymeric material is in a directly upwards outside position of described at least one element;
At least one foamed polymer material overlayer, described foamed polymer material overlayer reaches in a directly upwards outside position of described at least one first overlayer
At least one second covering layer of polymeric material, described second covering layer of polymeric material in a directly upwards outside position of described at least one foamed polymer material overlayer,
Described foamed polymer material has a tensile modulus, and described tensile modulus is lower than described at least one first overlayer and at least one second tectal tensile modulus.
Preferably, to have a density be 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm to described foamed polymer material
3Between, and in the time of 20 ℃, have a tensile modulus be 300 and 700MPa between.
In the third aspect; the present invention relates to a kind of mechanical type and protect the method for at least one element; described at least one element is used for the light signal that transmission cable has; described method is included in the step of arranging a sandwich construction in the directly upwards outside position of described at least one element; described sandwich construction comprises at least one foamed polymer material overlayer; described at least one foamed polymer material overlayer is inserted between at least one pair of covering layer of polymeric material; described foamed polymer material has a tensile modulus, and described tensile modulus is lower than described at least one pair of tectal tensile modulus.
Preferably, to have a density be 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm to described foamed polymer material
3Between, and have under 20 ℃ a tensile modulus be 300 and 700MPa between.
Given with reference to the accompanying drawings described explanation is to be used for explaining and hard-core meaning purely, wherein:
-Fig. 1 illustrates first embodiment according to optical cable of the present invention with right cut-open view;
-Fig. 2 and the right cut-open view of 3 usefulness illustrate two different embodiment of light core;
-Figure 4 and 5 illustrate two different embodiment according to optical cable of the present invention with right cut-open view.
For the purpose of simplified illustration, in each accompanying drawing, same label is corresponding to parts similar or that be equal to.
Illustrate with right side cut-open view at Fig. 1 according to the optical cable 10 that is used for telecommunications and/or is used for data transmission of the present invention.
According to shown in embodiment, described optical cable 10 comprises diametrically the element 11 that a center of inner position strengthens, the element 11 that strengthens around described center is provided with one or more tube elements 12, at least one optical fiber 13 of installation described tube element 12 in.
Preferably, described tube element 12 usefulness tygon (PE), polypropylene (PP) or polybutyleneterephthalate (PBT) are made.
Preferably, to strengthen element 11 be as the plastics that strengthen with glass fibre, and a kind of aramid yarn of resin-bonded (KeVlar for example with a kind of dielectric material described center
) or strengthen the yarn manufacturing, described enhancing yarn generally is embedded in the matrix of a kind of thermoplastics commonly used or crosslinked formula polymeric material.
Generally, in described tube element 12, described optical fiber 13 is to be embedded in a kind of buffering filler (a kind of colloidal material) 14, and described buffering filler 14 is carried out and block any function that vertically spreads of water after the optical cable accidental injury.
Material as the buffering filler is normally a kind of based on a kind of silicone type oil, mineral oil (naphthenic oil or paraffin oil) or synthetic oil composition, with a kind of viscosity index agent, for example, a kind of elastomeric polymer (for example polyisobutylene) with low glass state transition temperature is added in the described composition, and if desired, add a kind of thickening agent or a kind of adjuvant (for example silicon dioxide of pyrolysis) that is used to make its thixotroping, and a kind of antioxidant.In the place of using described material, preferably use based on the buffering agent of hydro carbons or the buffering agent that under any circumstance adapts with the polyolefine material that forms tube element.
If desired, the buffering filler also can be carried out the function of hydrogen absorbent.Under the sort of situation, a kind of fillers dispersed in hydrogen absorbent, for example can be absorbed the carbon of the application palladium of hydrogen.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, comprise that one of the assembly formation of a tube element 12 is used to transmit the element 20 of light signal as mentioned above, in described tube element 12, comprise one or more optical fiber 13.
Fig. 1 illustrates 6 elements 20 that are used for transmitting optical signal, and described 6 elements 20 distribute and tie up 15 sealings by binding and adhesive tape around described center enhancing element 11 and remain on correct position.
Advantageously, described adhesive tape is tied up 15 and is made up of a circle or multi-turn adhesive tape, and described adhesive tape is usually based on polyester, described polyester execution mechanical function and heat insulating function the two.
Preferably, described adhesive tape also belongs to water-soluble bloated type, that is can swelling when they contact with water, therefore hinders water and vertically flows in that optical cable is inner.
Can randomly in a upwards outside position, described adhesive tape 15 footpaths, arrange a metallic shield, for example aluminum metallic shield.Generally, described wire netting as moisture on the restraining barrier of radial direction vertical spread, and have thickness be 0.15 and 0.2mm between.
As a kind of alternative plan of the shielding tape that uses swellable, with the identical mode of tube element that a kind of and described filling contains optical fiber, described tube element 12 also can be embedded in a kind of suitable buffering filler 16.
Preferably, each described tube element 12 strengthens element 11 around described center, according to a kind of helical configuration, with a predetermined pitch or continuously or preferably (S-Z formula) interlocked and twisted together.
According to embodiment shown in Figure 1, assembly comprises the described element 20 that is used for transmitting optical signal, described each element 20 strengthens element 11 arrangements and remains on correct position by described sealant tape 15 around described center, described assembly forms the light core 21 of so-called optical cable as mentioned above 10.
The light core 21 ' of another kind of type is for example shown in Figure 2, and comprises that a center in the diametrically inner position strengthens element 11, strengthens rigid body 22 of element 11 extrusion moldings around described center, and described rigid body 22 has a plurality of grooves 23.
Described groove 23 forms in the footpath of described rigid body 22 makes progress exterior portion, and along the outside surface of described rigid body, extends in the vertical according to a kind of continuous helical configuration or with S-Z type structure.
Described groove 23 is filled a kind of padded coaming 14 of type as mentioned above, and at least one optical fiber 13 is laid in plan.
In a upwards outside position of described rigid body 22 footpaths, the core 21 ' of fluting has the sealant tape 15 of a described type in addition, referring to Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 illustrates another kind of type light core 21 with right cut-open view ", described smooth core 21 " comprise a tube element 12, this tube element 12 contains at least one optical fiber 13, and described optical fiber 13 preferably loosely arrangement is embedded in the described type padded coaming 14.
Referring to embodiment shown in Figure 1, comprise a kind of multiple field protection structure 30 according to optical cable 10 of the present invention, described multiple field protection structure 30 is arranged in the upwards outside position of described smooth core 21 footpaths.
In more detail, upwards move from inside to outside in the footpath, and described multilayer protection structure 30 comprises: the overlayer 32 of 31, one foam polymerization material systems of first overlayer of a polymeric material system and second overlayer 33 of a polymeric material system.
Below in this explanation and the following claim book, term " foamed polymer material " meaning is meant a kind ofly have predetermined percentile " freedom " space in material, that is has the polymeric material that is not aggregated that thing occupies but is taken up space by gas or air.
Generally, this free space percent represents (G) that with so-called " degree of expansion " described degree of expansion is defined as follows in foamed polymer material:
G＝(d
o/d
e-1)×100????????????????(1)
D in the formula
oRepresentative is represented the apparent density (final densities) that the polymkeric substance through overexpansion is recorded without the density and the de of the polymkeric substance that expands.
According to the present invention, the swellable polymer material can be selected from following one group of polymkeric substance, and described this group polymkeric substance comprises: the multipolymer of polyolefins, various olefinic copolymer, olefines and beta-unsaturated esters class, polyesters, polycarbonate-based, polysulfones, phenolics class, urea resin class, and composition thereof.Some preferred examples of polymers are: tygon (PE), especially low density polyethylene (LDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE); Polypropylene (PP); Elasticity ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR) or propylene diene are trimer (EPDM); Natural rubber; Butyl rubber; Ethylene/vinyl base ester copolymer class, for example ethylene/vinyl acetate (EVA); Ethene/acrylic ester multipolymer, especially Jia Jibingxisuanyizhi (EMA), ethyl propylene acetoacetic ester (EEA), butylacrylic acid ethyl ester (EBA); Ethylene/alpha-olefin thermoplastic copolymer class; Polystyrene; Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) (ABS) resin; Halogenated polymer, especially Polyvinylchloride (PVC); Polyurethane (PUR); Polyamide-based; The aryl polyesters is as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); And multipolymer or mechanical impurity.
Preferably, polymeric material is the olefin polymer or the multipolymer and especially selected from following polymers and/or multipolymer of a kind of ethene and/or propenyl:
(a) ethene and a kind of ethene beta-unsaturated esters multipolymer of vinyl acetate or butyl acetate for example, wherein the amount of beta-unsaturated esters generally between 5 and 80 weight (wt.) %, preferably 10 and 50wt.% between;
(b) ethene and at least a C
3-C
12Alhpa olefin, reach randomly a kind of elastocopolymer of diene, preferably ethylene-propylene (EPR) or propylene diene (EPDM) multipolymer, described multipolymer preferably has following composition: 35-90 mole (mol.) % ethene, 10-65mol.% alhpa olefin, 0-10mol.% diene (for example 1,4-hexadiene or 5-ethylidene-2-norborene);
(c) ethene and at least a C
4-C
12It is 0.86 and 0.90g/cm that alhpa olefin, preferably 1-hexene, 1-octene etc., and a kind of multipolymer of diene randomly, described multipolymer generally have a density
3Between and have a following composition: 75-97mol.% ethene, 3-25mol.% alhpa olefin, 0-5mol.% diene;
(d) with ethene/C
3-C
12The polypropylene of alhpa olefin modification, propylene and ethene/C herein
3-C
12Weight ratio between the alpha olefin copolymer is between 90/10 and 30/70, preferably between 50/50 and 30/70.
For example, (a) class comprises commodity ElVax
, (Du pont), (Levapren
(Bayer), Lotryl
(Elf-Atochem); (b) class comprises product Dutral
(Enichem) or (Nordel
(Dow-Du Pont); (c) class comprises product E ngage
(Dow-Du Pont) or Exact
(Exxon), and can buy on the market with the polypropylene of ethylene/alpha-olefin copolymer modification, trade name is Noplen
Or Hifax
(Basell) or Fina-Pro
(Fina) etc.
Especially preferredly be, in (d) class, be some thermoplastic elastomers, described thermoplastic elastomer comprises that many granules (generally have diameter and be about 1-10 μ m) of for example crosslinked formula EPR of the elastomeric polymer of for example polyacrylic successive substrates of a kind of thermoplastic polymer and a kind of sclerosis or EPDM are dispersed in the thermoplastic matrix.Elastomeric polymer can join in the thermoplastic matrix under hardening state, and the crosslinking chemical that can add an appropriate amount then during the course carries out dynamic crosslinking.Alternatively, elastomeric polymer can harden separately and can get small particles form then and be dispersed in the thermoplastic matrix.Such thermoplastic elastomer is for example in document US-4,104, the existing introduction in 210 or EP-324,430.
In polymeric material, a kind of polypropylene of high fondant-strength becomes preferred especially, and described high melt strength, propylene is for example at patent US-4, and described in 916,198, commercially available trade name is Profax
(Basell).Described document has been introduced a kind of described polyacrylic method that is used to produce, described method is carried out in the high-energy ionization radiation irradiation step of linear polypropylene a period of time at one, described exposure time enough guarantees to form a large amount of long-chain branch, after this step, follow the material of suitable processing, so that make free group passivation through existing in the material of irradiation through irradiation.
Even more preferably, welcome especially in polymeric material is that a kind of polymerization is formed, described polymkeric substance is formed and is comprised that described polypropylene with high branch index mixes with a kind of thermoplastic elastomer that belongs to as described (d) class, the described general content of polypropylene with high branch index be 30 and 70wt.% between, the general content of described thermoplastic elastomer 30 and 70wt.% between, described percent is represented the ratio of the general assembly (TW) formed with polymkeric substance.
According to the present invention, the polymeric material degree of expansion of described foamed polymer material overlayer 32 can change to 250% from 20%, and preferably changes to 150% from 50%.
In order to guarantee, protect the foamed polymer material of the overlayer 32 of structure 30 should have density (that is the final densities d of top formula (1) according to described multilayer of the present invention in the optimum aspect impact strength and/or the compression strenght
e) 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm
3Between, preferably 0.4 and 0.6kg/dm
3Between.
In addition, preferably, described overlayer 32 foamed polymer material to have a tensile modulus under 20 ℃ be between 300-700MPa, preferably 400 and 600MPa between.
Selected in one group of material that beginning swellable polymer material provides from above, described polymeric material have a density (that is, the density d of formula (1) as described
0) be 0.85 and 1.10kg/dm
3Between.
In addition, described beginning swellable polymer material 20 ℃ have tensile modulus be 700 and 1100MPa between.
Generally, with the overlayer 32 of foamed polymer material system have a thickness 0.5 and 3.0mm between, preferably 1.0 and 2.5mm between.
In general, protect described first overlayer 31 and the same polymeric material manufacturing of second overlayer, 33 usefulness of structure 30 according to described multilayer of the present invention.
Preferably described polymeric material is selected from one group of polymkeric substance, and described this group polymkeric substance comprises: low density polyethylene (LDPE) (d=0.910-0.925g/cm
3); Medium density polyethylene (MDPE) (d=0.926-0.940g/cm
3); High density polyethylene (HDPE) (d=0.941-0.965g/cm
3); The multipolymer of ethene and alhpa olefin class; Polypropylene (PP); Ethylene-alpha-olefin rubber-like, especially ethylene propylene rubber class, ethylene-propylene diene series rubber (EPDM); Natural rubber; Butyl rubber; And composition thereof.
Particularly preferably be catalyzer in a kind of " unit ", the catalyzer of especially a kind of metallocene catalyst or a kind of constraint geometry exists down, by ethene and at least a alhpa olefin with 3-12 carbon atom, and may with the available multipolymer of a kind of diene interpolymerization.
The composition that other are commonly used is total to auxiliary material, lubricant, pigment, other filler etc. as antioxidant, processing, can be added in the described polymeric material.The antioxidant commonly used that is suitable for for example is: the trimethyldihydroquinoline of polymerization, 4,4-thiobis (3-methyl-6-spy-butyl) phenol; Pentaerythrite four [3-(3,5-two spies-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl) pyruvate], 2,2-sulfo-diethylene-two [3-(3,5)-two spies-butyl-4-hydroxy phenyl] pyruvate etc., or its potpourri.
In a certain embodiments, according to described first overlayer 31 and the different made of second overlayer, 33 usefulness of described multilayer protection structure 30 of the present invention.
For example, in some specific applications, suitable is that described second overlayer 33 advantageously should be a kind of fire-type overlayer.
Preferably, second overlayer, 33 to the first overlayers 31 are thick.
Generally, with first overlayer 31 of polymeric material manufacturing have a thickness be 0.5 and 2.0mm between, preferably 0.7 and 1.5mm between.
Generally, with second overlayer 33 of polymeric material manufacturing have a thickness be 0.5 and 3.0mm between, preferably 0.9 and 2.0mm between.
According to embodiment shown in Figure 1, the enhancement layer 34 that comprises a dielectric type according to optical cable 10 of the present invention, described dielectric type enhancement layer 34 can make described optical cable have a suitable tensile strength, and described suitable tensile strength is particularly especially desirable during fiber cable laying.
Fragrant acid amides yarn of preferably described enhancement layer 34 usefulness and/or glass fiber yarn are made.Can randomly described enhancement layer 34 usefulness carbon fiber yarns or polyester or polypropylene-base yarn make.
Preferably described enhancement layer 34 is arranged on upwards outside position, described foamed polymer material overlayer 32 footpaths, is in the state that is in contact with one another with the latter.
Use for the ground type, preferably described enhancement layer 34 have a thickness be 0.2 and 0.6mm between, described thickness is decided on used number of yarns.Yet, should be emphasized that under the situation of aerial optical cable, described thickness can also be bigger, because generally use relatively large yarn.
Fig. 4 illustrates another embodiment of optical cable 40 with right cut-open view form, and described optical cable 40 comprises one according to multilayer protection structure 30 of the present invention.
At length, according to embodiment shown in Figure 4, described optical cable 40 is had is used for as mentioned above the element 20 usefulness multifibers 13 of transmitting optical signal and represents that described optical fiber 13 is embedded in a kind of buffering filler 14.
Therefore, according to described embodiment, first overlayer 31 of described multilayer protection structure 30 also is configured for sealing the structure of the optical fiber in the described embedding described buffering filler.
Fig. 5 illustrates another embodiment of a kind of optical cable 50 with right cut-open view, and described optical cable 50 comprises a kind of according to multilayer protection structure 30 of the present invention.
In more detail, optical cable 50 is arranged in its directly upwards outside position in described multilayer protection structure 30, comprises a flute profile light core 51 (identical with flute profile light core shown in Figure 2).
About being used to make the method according to optical cable of the present invention, under the situation of type optical cable shown in the necessary production drawing 1, the key step that characterizes described method illustrates below.
The fiber cores 21 of described optical cable obtains according to the technology of routine, therefore it will not elaborated.
From the described first extrusion moulding apparatus downstream, will be subjected to a cool cycles with the light core 21 that first overlayer 31 covers.Preferably described cooling is to implement by the mobile overall optical core and first overlayer in a cooling duct, in described cooling duct, put into a kind of suitable fluid, described fluid is typically the water under a predetermined temperature, described temperature is normally between 10 and 25 ℃, and the two is decided on the linear velocity of cooling duct length and production line itself.
In case through supercooling, described overall optical core is collected on the storage spool.
Then, one second extrusion molding step of the manufacture method of optical cable imagination is used for foamed polymer material overlayer 32 is placed in upwards outside position, described first polymer covering, 31 footpaths.
According to above-cited document WO 98/52197, constitute the polymeric material expansion step of described overlayer 32, be in extrusion molding operating period enforcement.
Chemical method can or be used in this expansion, undertaken by during the polymer manufacture step, adding a kind of suitable swelling agent composition, described swelling agent can produce gas under suitable pressure and temperature condition, or use physical method, by directly being injected the extruding machine bucket, gases at high pressure undertaken.Some suitable swelling agent examples are: the potpourri of azo dicarbonamide, p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazides, organic acid (for example citric acid) and carbonate and/or bicarbonate salts (for example sodium bicarbonate) etc.Some gas examples that can under high pressure inject the extruding machine bucket are: nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air, lower boiling hydrocarbon (for example propane or butane), halogenated hydrocarbon (for example methylene chloride, triclosan-fluoro-methane, 1-chloro-1, or their potpourri 1-Difluoroethane etc.).
As can be seen, to same extruding condition (as rotational speed, extrusion molding line speed, the extrusion head diameter of screw), to degree of expansion have main influence the method variable one of them be extrusion temperature.Generally, to being lower than 130 ℃ extrusion temperature, be difficult to obtain enough degree of expansion; Preferably at least 140 ℃ and particularly about 180 ℃ of extrusion temperature.Generally, extrusion temperature increases corresponding to a higher degree of expansion.
In addition, to a certain extent, can control the degree of expansion of polymkeric substance by influencing cooldown rate.Therefore, by suitably postponing or cooling off in advance, can increase or reduce the degree of expansion of described polymeric material at the tectal polymkeric substance of extruding machine exit formation through overexpansion.
From the downstream of the second extrusion molding step,, as mentioned above, and be rolled onto on another storage spool carrying out suitable cool cycles through the light core that covers like this.
Then, the manufacture method of optical cable imagination is in a known manner with an enhancement layer 34 (if imagination, for example Kevlar
Yarn) is placed in the upwards outside position, foamed polymer overlayer 32 footpath and then, in another extrusion molding step, applies polymeric material second overlayer 33 of described multilayer protection structure 30.
Preferably, described enhancement layer 34 and described second overlayer 33 all apply on same production line.
Again, from the downstream of described another extrusion molding step, with the cooling of the optical cable made like this and be collected on the spool.
Aforesaid production method is imagined the extrusion molding step of several successive as mentioned above.Advantageously described method can for example use through type of a kind of " cascade " technology to carry out by with several extruding machine arranged in series of separating.As another kind of alternative plan, described method also can be undertaken by moulding with an extrusion molding coextrusion head.
If must produce the different optical cable of optical cable a kind of and shown in Figure 1, the optical cable of type shown in for example a kind of Figure 4 and 5, then described production method can be done suitably modification according to the technical know-how that the instruction that is provided and this ordinary artisan are had.
In order to further specify the present invention, provide some illustrative example below.
Example 1
The manufacturing that is used for telecommunications and/or is used for a kind of optical cable of data transmission is carried out according to the design of Fig. 1.
The light core of described optical cable comprises a center plastics reinforcement, and described plastics strengthen with glass fibre, and the tensile modulus under 20 ℃ equals 50,000MPa.The diameter of described central part is 2.7mm.
And described smooth core comprises 6 tube elements, and each tube element all is equipped with 12 optical fiber that are embedded in the buffering filler (gel).It is that 1.8mm and an external diameter are 2.5mm that each tube element all has an internal diameter.Described each tube element twists together according to a kind of open auger structure, and described open auger structure is by alternatively obtaining to right rotation (that is Z type) to anticlockwise (that is S type) and 8 times for 8 times.It is 85mm that described spiral has mean pitch.Described stranded by finishing with a kind of polypropylene-base stitch yarn commonly used.
Described core is finished with a kind of adhesive tape described tube element that bonds, the adhesive tape bonding is carried out with a kind of polyester-based adhesive tape, described polyester-based adhesive tape comprises a kind of powder of water-swellable, and the powder of described water-swellable can stop that any water infiltrates towards optical cable is inner owing to the result of swelling.The thickness of described adhesive tape is about 0.4mm.
According to multilayer protection structure of the present invention, directly upwards move towards the optical cable outside direction, comprise respectively: a) tygon first overlayer; B) foamed polymer material overlayer; C) fragrant acid amide type enhancement layer; D) tygon second overlayer is in the upwards outside position of the light core diameter that described multilayer protection structure is arranged on so obtains.
At length, described first overlayer and described second overlayer low density polyethylene manufacturing, described low density polyethylene have under 20 ℃ tensile modulus be 800 and 1400MPa between.The described first tectal thickness is 1mm, and the described second tectal thickness is 1.5mm.
The overlayer of foamed polymer material system is the HIGRANSD 817 by being used as the basic material of polymkeric substance
(by the high melt-strength polyethylene of Basell manufacturing) obtains.The tectal thickness of described foamed polymer material is 1.5mm.
Described tectal expansion is by adding 1.5wt.% (with the ratio of material general assembly (TW)) swelling agent Hydrocevol in extruder hopper
CF 70 (carboxylic acid/sodium bicarbonate) carries out with chemical method, described swelling agent Hydrocerol
CF 70 is made by Boehringer Ingelheim.
Having a final densities through the overlayer of overexpansion is 0.4kg/dm
3Be about 130% with degree of expansion.
Fragrant as mentioned above acid amide type enhancement layer obtains by a ground floor and a second layer are provided, and described ground floor comprises according to 15 stranded glue Twaron 2200 of S type configuration
Yarn, and the described second layer is superimposed upon on the ground floor, comprises according to 15 gangs of stranded Twaron 2200 of Z type configuration
Yarn.Described yarn has a yarn (line density) and equals 1620 dTex (dTex represents the weight of ten thousand metres yarn in gram).Used fragrant acid amides yarn sum equal 36 and final layer thickness equal 0.15mm.
Table 1 combines the design details of described optical cable, and the design details of optical cable described in the following reference examples, with the result that described optical cable is tested.
The optical cable that obtains like this as following with reference to international standard IEC 794-1 about test impact strength and compression strenght as described in the condition of testing.
Be used to measure the test of impact strength
Shock-testing comprises the next percussion hammer that highly falls from a fixing 1m, and described percussion hammer has a predetermined weight, and is to have the sphere that radius-of-curvature is 10mm.In fact, use a striking face that reduces radius-of-curvature that it can be reached impact energy is transferred on the special area that limits of workpiece, thereby caused increasing the rigidity of testing.
In order to determine impact strength, by the shock-testing of carrying out on the optical cable sample with some percussion hammers of gaining in weight gradually repeatedly linking up.Shock-testing but is carried out at the difference place of workpiece on same workpiece, so that avoid at the same point bump more than twice or twice.
When each impact finishes; by the visual examination optical cable the outermost overlayer at shock point place second polymer covering of multilayer protection structure of the present invention (that is according to), and by after impacting, checking these the two kinds of methods of Optical Fiber Transmission ability that are contained in the described optical cable to set about assessing degree of impairment immediately.
The transmittability of optical cable connects into all optical fiber of " ring " by monitoring, that is by described each optical fiber being connected in series and checking in the decay of the light signal of transmission whether owing to impact and have any variation to estimate.
When detecting optical cable outer cover when damage and/or, stopping to test when detecting the light signal that transmits by described optical cable when minimum interim decay is arranged.
Referring to described optical cable, described optical cable demonstrates sizable impact strength, bears the energy of about 40 joules (J.) simultaneously.In other words, as mentioned above optical cable to the impact energy value that is less than or equal to 40J. not display surface damage and/or or even interim attenuated optical signal.
Be used to measure the test of compression strenght
This compression verification comprises and will apply one section preset time, about 15 minutes on the direction of force of compression court perpendicular to described optical cable sample outside surface.
In more detail, described force of compression is indirectly, that is is added on the optical cable sample by the bloom of putting into a preliminary dimension (length equals 100mm) according to standard IEC 794-1.
Test is to check that optical cable adds the transmittability of force of compression after 15 minutes.Transmittability is used with mode identical described in the shock-testing and is detected.Add the compression intensity of force several times by change institute, and applying the light signal minimizing of being transmitted during the load, even the most after a little while, can think to test and finish when during applying described power, recording described optical cable to the cable sample duplicating film.
In addition, test is that visual examination is applying the tectal damage of some place optical cable outermost of force of compression.
Referring to described optical cable, the latter shows sizable compression strenght, can stand the compressed value of about 4kN.In other words, for the force of compression that is less than or equal to 4kN, described optical cable does not show any attenuated optical signal.
Example 2(contrast)
Begin to make a kind of optical cable, the light core identical with example 1 is set,, arrange following each layer respectively: a) foamed polymer material layer in the upwards outside position of described smooth core diameter; B) fragrant acid amide type enhancement layer; C) external polyethylene overlayer.
At length, described foamed polymer material layer be by use with example 1 in identical composition and expansion be by in extruder hopper, adding 1.3wt.% (with the ratio of material general assembly (TW)) swelling agent Hydrocerol
BIH-40 implements to obtain with chemical method.It is 0.5kg/dm that the foamed polymer material layer has final densities
3, degree of expansion is about 85%, and thickness is 1mm.
Identical in virtue acid amide type enhancement layer and the example 1, and the polyethylene cover of polyethylene cover and example 1 is equal to, and is 1.5mm but have thickness.
Identical with example 1, the optical cable that obtains is like this carried out shock-testing and compression verification.
At length, optical cable can stand the impact energy of about 20J and the force of compression of about 2.5kN, and the while does not demonstrate the variation aspect the decay under those values, even temporary variation does not demonstrate yet.
Example 3 (contrast)
Begin to make the optical cable identical with example 2, with example 2 unique different be that the foamed polymer material layer is by using the composition identical with example 1 to obtain, described foamed polymer material layer has a final densities and equals 0.4kg/dm
3(expansion is by add the swelling agent Hydrocerol of general assembly (TW) 1.7wt.% in extruder hopper
BTH-40 implements with chemical method), degree of expansion be about 130% and thickness be 1.9mm.
The optical cable that obtains like this can bear the impact energy of about 25J and the force of compression of about 2.5kN, and the while does not show the variation aspect the decay under those values, even temporary attenuation change does not demonstrate yet.
Example 4 (contrast)
Make the optical cable identical, unique be not both the foamed polymer material layer to have a final densities be 0.5kg/dm with example 3
3With degree of expansion be 85%.
The optical cable that obtains like this can bear the impact energy of about 30J and the force of compression of about 3kN.
Example 5 (contrast)
Begin to make the optical cable identical, unique be not both the foamed polymer material layer to have thickness be 2.5mm with example 4.
The optical cable that obtains like this can bear the impact energy of about 35J and the force of compression of about 3.25kN.
Example 6 (contrast)
Begin to make a kind of have with example 1 in the optical cable of same light core.In a upwards outside position of described smooth core diameter, provide following each layer respectively: a) polyethylene cover, and b) foamed polymer material skin.
At length, the foamed polymer layer has the characteristic identical with the foamed polymer layer of example 1 (final densities equals 0.4kg/dm
3, degree of expansion is about 130%, and thickness is 1.5mm), and tygon is equal to the polyethylene layer of example 1, having thickness is 1mm.
The optical cable that obtains like this can bear the impact energy of about 10J and the force of compression of about 3.25kN.
Example 7 (contrast)
Begin to make a kind of optical cable that has with example 1 same light core, following each layer is set: a) tygon first overlayer respectively in a directly upwards outside position of the latter; B) tygon second overlayer; C) fragrant acid amide type enhancement layer; D) tygon the 3rd outer cover.
At length, described each polyethylene cover is used with example 1 described identical materials and is obtained, and to have thickness respectively be the first overlayer 1mm, the second overlayer 1.5mm and the 3rd overlayer 1.5mm.
Virtue acid amide type enhancement layer is identical with the fragrant acid amide type enhancement layer of example 1.
The optical cable that obtains like this can bear the impact energy of about 30J and the force of compression of about 4kN.
Example 8 (contrast)
Begin to make a kind of optical cable that has with example 1 same light core, following each layer is set: a) tygon first overlayer respectively in a upwards outside position of described smooth core diameter; B) fragrant acid amides yarn enhancement layer; C) metal armouring commonly used; D) tygon second outer cover.
At length, described each polyethylene cover is used with example 1 described identical materials and is obtained, and to have thickness respectively be the first overlayer 1mm and the second overlayer 1.5mm.
Virtue acid amide type enhancement layer is identical with the fragrant acid amide type enhancement layer of example 1.
Metal armouring is a kind of topped steel band on both sides, and the thickness on steel band equals 1.5mm, and described metal armouring forms a pipe fitting on the optical cable after at first being processed into corrugated and overlapping about 7mm hot weld in the vertical then.
The optical cable that obtains like this can bear the impact energy of about 20J and the force of compression of about 4.25kN.
For the purpose of more clearly demonstrating, the impact strength that relates to described example and the test result of compression strenght are all listed in the following table 1.
Table 1
| Example | Impact strength (J) | Compression strenght (kN) |
| No.1 (PE:1mm; Polyfoam: 1.5mm, 0.4kg/dm 3； Kevlar； PE：1.5mm) | 40 | 4 |
| No.2 (polyfoam: 1mm, 0.5kg/dm 3； Kevlar； PE：1.5mm) | 20 | 2.5 |
| No.3 (polyfoam: 1.9mm, 0.4kg/dm 3； Kevlar； PE：1.5mm) | 25 | 2.5 |
| No.4 (polyfoam: 1.9mm, 0.5kg/dm 3； Kevlar； PE：1.5mm) | 30 | 3 |
| No.5 (polyfoam: 2.5mm, 0.5kg/dm 3； Kevlar； PE：1.5mm) | 35 | 3.25 |
| No.6 (PE:1mm polyfoam: 1.5mm, 0.4kg/dm 3) | 10 | 3.25 |
| No.7 (PE：1mm； PE：1.5mm Kevlar； PE：1.5mm) | 30 | 4 |
| No.8 (PE:1mm; Steel: 0.15mm Kevlar; PE:1.5mm) | 20 | 4.25 |
Analysis draws following results to the test that optical cable as mentioned above carries out.
At first, fiber optic cable configuration described in the example 1 shows high impact and high compression-strength, it is bigger that described impact strength compares the contrast optical cable impact strength of being considered, and described compression strenght is equally matched basically with the compression strenght of the optical cable (example 8) that is provided with the metal mold armouring.
In addition, arrange one deck foamed polymer material, that is one deck foamed polymer material of low elastic modulus proves a kind of inappropriate a little technical scheme as the outermost overlayer (example 6) of optical cable, because it has no significant effect described optical cable impact intensity, impact strength remains on very low value (equaling 10J in the example 6 in the above) simultaneously.
From example 2 described structures, can infer, by described foamed polymer material layer is arranged on the optical cable outermost tectal below, the impact strength of giving the latter increases (numerical value doubles, the 20J of the 10J from example 6 in the example 2) significantly.This mainly is owing in example 2, impact on (tygon) skin of modular ratio foamed polymer floor height and take place.Therefore, because outer tested hammer infiltrates, so on the foamed polymer material layer of the distortion that the latter produced below in bigger areal extent, transferring to.Therefore, this produces the wider distortion of described lower floor, and described wider distortion provides bigger impact energy absorption then, causes impact energy seldom to be transferred on the light core of lower floor simultaneously.
Yet,, exist described polymer material layer (example 2) to cause the situation of compression strenght than the time obviously to reduce below the tygon outer cover when outermost layer (example 6) that described foamed polymer material layer is an optical cable although improve impact strength greatly.The applicant thinks, this is because the foamed polymer material layer of example 2 force of compression of resistant function on optical cable fully, do not supported because described foamed polymer layer does not have one deck that enough rigidity support it.
And, by comparative example 2,4 and 5, can note, under the equal final densities situation of the material of overexpansion, the thickness increase of foamed polymer layer causes impact strength and the two favourable increase of compression strenght, and the increase of described thickness provides the bigger energy of absorption on optical cable.
By comparative example 1,5 and 7, can note, under the situation of equivalent diameter (in fact described example is at the thickness of imagination one 4mm on the top of identical light core), be shown as advantageous particularly according to multilayer protection structure of the present invention.In fact, described structure comprises a kind of overlayer (that is foamed polymer material overlayer) with low elastic modulus, described have the low elastic modulus overlayer and be inserted between a pair of overlayer (that is the polyethylene cover in polymeric material-each example) with high elastic modulus, although described structure guarantees to have big thickness (equaling 2.5mm in the example 5) than foamed polymer material wherein, the fiber optic cable configuration that directly contact with the weight of optical cable own and wherein the make progress sandwich construction of outside of light core diameter comprise having more fiber optic cable configuration the two all high impact strength and compression strenght of the material of high elastic modulus (example 7).In addition, described last technical scheme also demonstrates the shortcoming of optical cable general assembly (TW) aspect.
And, can infer that by comparative example 3 and 4 under condition of equivalent thickness, the increase of the density of foamed polymer material layer (and so springform) is accompanied by and improves about 20% impact strength (being increased to 30J from 25J) and compression strenght (being increased to 3kN from 2.5kN).Yet, can notice by comparative example 7 and 8, the undue increase of the density of intermediate cover layer (be tygon in example 7 and in example 8, be steel) (and therefore elastic modulus), the impact strength of optical cable is significantly reduced (reduce to the 20J of example 8 from the 30J of example 7, the value of the value of the 30J of described example 7 and example 4 is equally matched).
From described situation, according to multilayer of the present invention protection structure owing to exist the foamed polymer material overlayer to be inserted between at least one pair of covering layer of polymeric material, can make the optical cable that combines with described structure have high impact and high compression-strength the two.
Therefore; as mentioned above; in order to guarantee the protection structure of a kind of effective shock resistance and compression, the intermediate cover layer of described structure must have than described each to tectal final densities and the final densities that therefore the two value of elastic modulus is low and therefore elastic mould value the two.
Comprise the weight of optical cable appropriateness itself according to other advantages that optical cable of the present invention had, and bigger flexible of optical cable.
In addition, have a foamed material overlayer that is inserted between a pair of overlayer, described a pair of overlayer has the elastic modulus higher than described sponge layer, guarantees optical cable trouble free service under low serviceability temperature, because it shrinks still less described optical cable.
At last, according to multilayer protection structure of the present invention, because its light, flexible and physical strength demonstrates for the application of making somebody a mere figurehead type also advantageous particularly.
Under this last situation, in fact, aerial optical cable can be in the state that the canister shot that bears the emission of hunter for example impacts, and demonstrates according to multilayer technique scheme of the present invention and to be particularly suitable for protecting the light core to avoid the influence that described canister shot impacts.
Claims (24)
1. an optical cable (10,40,50), it comprises:
At least one is used for the element (20) of transmitting optical signal, and
The structure (30) of one described at least one element of protection (20), described structure (30) are arranged on a upwards outside position of described at least one element (20) footpath,
It is characterized in that described structure is a sandwich construction (30), it comprises:
At least one polymeric material first overlayer (31) of the external position that makes progress in described at least one element (20) footpath;
The overlayer of at least one foamed polymer material (32) of the external position that makes progress in described at least one (31) footpath of first overlayer, and
In the overlayer of described at least one foamed polymer material (32) at least one second covering layer of polymeric material (33) of external position upwards directly,
The density of described foamed polymer material is 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm
3Between, and 20 ℃ of following tensile moduluss 300 and 700MPa between.
2. according to the described optical cable of claim 1 (10,40,50), it is characterized in that: described foamed polymer material overlayer (32) is in the state that is in contact with one another with described at least one first overlayer (31).
An optical cable (10,40,50) it comprise:
A light core (21,51), described smooth core (21,51) has at least one optical fiber (13);
At least one polymeric material first overlayer (31) of the external position that makes progress in described smooth core (21,51) footpath;
At least one foamed polymer material overlayer (32) of the external position that makes progress in described at least one first overlayer (31) footpath, and
At least one polymeric material second overlayer (33) of the external position that makes progress in described at least one foamed polymer material overlayer (32) footpath,
The density of described foamed polymer material is 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm
3Between, the stretch modulus under 20 ℃ 300 and 700MPa between.
4. according to the described optical cable of claim 3 (10,40,50), it is characterized in that: described foamed polymer material overlayer (32) is in the state that is in contact with one another with described at least one first overlayer (31).
5. according to the described optical cable of claim 3 (10,40,50), it is characterized in that: described foamed polymer overlayer (32) is in the state that is in contact with one another with described at least one second overlayer (33).
6. according to claim 1 or 3 described optical cables (10), be included in the upwards enhancement layer (34) of external position of described foamed polymer material overlayer (32) footpath.
7. according to the described optical cable of claim 6 (10), it is characterized in that: described enhancement layer (34) comprises dielectric yarn selected from following a group, and described this group dielectric yarn comprises: fragrant acid amides yarn, glass fiber yarn, carbon fiber yarn, polyester or polyvinyl yarn.
8. according to one of them described optical cable of described claim (10,40,50), it is characterized in that: the expandable polymer material of described at least a foamed polymer material overlayer (32) is following selected:
A) multipolymer of ethene and a kind of alkene beta-unsaturated esters, wherein the content of beta-unsaturated esters be 5 and 80wt.% between;
B) ethene and at least a C
3-C
12Alhpa olefin reaches randomly a kind of elastocopolymer of diene, and described elastocopolymer has following composition: 35-90mol.% ethene, 10-65mol.% alhpa olefin, 0-10mol.% diene;
C) ethene and at least a C
4-C
12Alhpa olefin reaches randomly a kind of multipolymer of diene, and the density of described multipolymer is at 0.86-0.90g/cm
3Between;
D) with ethene/C
3-C
12The polypropylene of alpha olefin copolymer modification, polypropylene and ethene/C herein
3-C
12Weight ratio between the alpha olefin copolymer is between 90/10 and 30/70.
9. according to one of them described optical cable of described claim (10,40,50), it is characterized in that: the degree of expansion of described foamed polymer material is between 20% and 250%.
10. according to the described optical cable of claim 9 (10,40,50), it is characterized in that: described degree of expansion is between 50% and 150%.
11., it is characterized in that according to one of them described optical cable of described claim (10,40,50): the thickness of described at least a foamed polymer material overlayer (32) be 0.5 and 3.0mm between.
12., it is characterized in that according to the described optical cable of claim 11 (10,40,50): described thickness 1.0 and 2.5mm between.
13. according to claim 1 or 3 described optical cables (10,40,50), it is characterized in that: the density of described foamed polymer material is 0.4 and 0.6kg/dm
3Between.
14., it is characterized in that according to claim 1 or 3 described optical cables (10,40,50): described foamed polymer material the tensile modulus under 20 ℃ 400 and 600MPa between.
15. according to claim 1 or 3 described optical cables (10,40,50), it is characterized in that: the density of described swellable polymer material is 0.85 and 1.10kg/dm
3Between.
16., it is characterized in that according to claim 1 or 3 described optical cables (10,40,50): described swellable polymer material the tensile modulus under 20 ℃ 700 and 1100MPa between.
17., it is characterized in that according to one of them described optical cable of described claim (10,40,50): the thickness of described at least one first overlayer (31) 0.5 and 2.0mm between.
18., it is characterized in that according to the described optical cable of claim 17 (10,40,50): described thickness 0.7 and 1.5mm between.
19., it is characterized in that according to one of them described optical cable of described claim (10,40,50): the thickness of described at least one second overlayer (33) 0.5 and 3.0mm between.
20., it is characterized in that according to the described optical cable of claim 19 (10,40,50): described thickness 0.9 and 2.0mm between.
21. the sandwich construction (30) of the element (20) of at least one transmitting optical signal of protection, described sandwich construction (30) are arranged on upwards external position of described at least one element (20) footpath, it comprises:
First covering layer of polymeric material (31) of at least one external position that makes progress in described at least one element (20) footpath;
The foamed polymer material overlayer (32) of at least one external position that makes progress in described at least one first overlayer (31) footpath, and
Second covering layer of polymeric material (33) of at least one external position that makes progress in described at least one foamed polymer overlayer (32) footpath, the tensile modulus of described foamed polymer material is lower than the tensile modulus of described at least one first overlayer (31) and at least one second overlayer (33).
22. according to the described sandwich construction of claim 21 (30), it is characterized in that: the density of described foamed polymer material is 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm
3Between, the tensile modulus under 20 ℃ 300 and 700MPa between.
23. the method for the element (20) of at least one transmitting optical signal of protection; be included in a upwards outside position of described at least one element (20) footpath the step of one sandwich construction (30) is set; described sandwich construction (30) comprises that at least one is inserted at least one pair of covering layer of polymeric material (31; 33) the foamed polymer material overlayer (32) between; described foamed polymer material has one than the low tensile modulus of described at least one pair of overlayer (31,33) tensile modulus.
24. it is characterized in that in accordance with the method for claim 23: the density of described foamed polymer material is 0.3 and 0.7kg/dm
3Between, the tensile modulus under 20 ℃ 300 and 700MPa between.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01830365.1 | 2001-06-04 | ||
| EP01830365 | 2001-06-04 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1513125A true CN1513125A (en) | 2004-07-14 |
| CN1259587C CN1259587C (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB028112687A Expired - Fee Related CN1259587C (en) | 2001-06-04 | 2002-05-28 | Optical cable provided with mechanically resistant covering |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20040022428A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1259587C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2002314115B2 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2295144C2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101923198A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2010-12-22 | 中天科技海缆有限公司 | Enhanced fiber unit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103033894A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-10 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Cable and manufacture method thereof |
| CN106125224A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-16 | 合肥阿格德信息科技有限公司 | A kind of optical patchcord |
| CN106443919A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-22 | 宁波三博电子科技有限公司 | High-shielding flexible optical cable and preparation method thereof |
| CN108681014A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-19 | 江苏亨通光电股份有限公司 | A kind of lateral pressure resistant dragging optical cable |
| CN110441874A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2019-11-12 | 康宁光电通信有限责任公司 | Bound film for fiber optic cables |
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| KR100872230B1 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-12-05 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | Optical cable using foam |
| KR100971595B1 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2010-07-20 | 엘에스전선 주식회사 | High strength foam cable for ship |
| US8109072B2 (en) | 2008-06-04 | 2012-02-07 | Samson Rope Technologies | Synthetic rope formed of blend fibers |
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| WO2015094516A1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-25 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Optical fiber cable components |
| US9573661B1 (en) | 2015-07-16 | 2017-02-21 | Samson Rope Technologies | Systems and methods for controlling recoil of rope under failure conditions |
| US10377607B2 (en) | 2016-04-30 | 2019-08-13 | Samson Rope Technologies | Rope systems and methods for use as a round sling |
| KR102289756B1 (en) * | 2019-02-07 | 2021-08-13 | 신완섭 | Complex wire cable |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4143942A (en) * | 1976-10-26 | 1979-03-13 | Belden Corporation | Fiber optic cable and method of making same |
| US5333229A (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 1994-07-26 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Asymmetrical polarization-maintaining optical waveguide and process for manufacture thereof |
| ES2178223T5 (en) * | 1997-05-15 | 2009-05-18 | Prysmian S.P.A. | CABLE WITH IMPACT RESISTANT COATING. |
-
2002
- 2002-05-28 AU AU2002314115A patent/AU2002314115B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-05-28 RU RU2003137776/28A patent/RU2295144C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-28 CN CNB028112687A patent/CN1259587C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-28 KR KR10-2003-7015832A patent/KR20040022428A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101923198A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2010-12-22 | 中天科技海缆有限公司 | Enhanced fiber unit and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101923198B (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2012-05-09 | 中天科技海缆有限公司 | Enhanced fiber unit and manufacturing method thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20040022428A (en) | 2004-03-12 |
| RU2003137776A (en) | 2005-02-10 |
| RU2295144C2 (en) | 2007-03-10 |
| AU2002314115B2 (en) | 2007-02-15 |
| CN1259587C (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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